3.

Clean the Wound

-Run water over a wound,
and use a cotton ball with
water to remove dirt from
the wound. “Soap can
irritate the wound, so try to
keep it out of the actual
wound. Thorough wound
cleaning reduces the risk of tetanus. To clean the
area around the wound, use soap and a washcloth

4. Apply an Antibiotic
After you clean the wound, apply a thin layer of an
antibiotic ointment to help prevent infection. These
ointments may help the wound heal better (without
scarring), and act as a barrier against infection.

5. Dress the Wound

After covering the wound with an antibiotic
ointment, gently cover the
wound with sterile gauze
wrap, adhesive-free dressings, Cavite State University
or an adhesive bandage. “A
covered wound heals better.” BSN 4-1 Group 1

For large wounds, be sure to

change the dressing each day,
and whenever the dressing
becomes wet or dirty. Before you apply new
dressing, make sure to thoroughly clean the wound,
and treat with an antibiotic ointment.

6. Check for Infection

Swelling, tenderness, localized pain or warmth, pus
and red streaks spreading away from the wound may
be signs of infection. A wound that does not appear
to be healing may also be infected. See your doctor
immediately if you notice any sign of infection.
What is  Hematoma C. Laceration- Torn
with irregular
 Uncontrolled restlessness edges, serious or
wound?  Thirst
slight bleeding.
(Blunt instruments
--Is a break in the continuity of  Symptoms of shock such as shrapnel,
a tissue of the body either rocks, broken
internal or external.  Vomiting or cough-up glasses, etc.)
blood D. Avulsion- Tissue
forcefully separated from the body. (Explosion,
What is the  Passage of blood in the
urine or feces
animal bites, mishandling of tools, etc.)
E. Incision- Clean cut, deep, severe bleeding,
wound is clean. (Sharp bladed instruments
 Sign of blood along
such as blades, razors, etc.)
mouth, nose and
ear canal
First Aid Management

 C- Control bleeding
 C- Cover the wound
First Aid Management  C- Care for shock
Classification of  I- Iced application-  C- Consult or refer to physician
wounds?  C- Compression
1. Closed wound
- It involves the underlying tissue without
 E- Elevation How to Treat
break/damage in the skin or mucous membrane.  S- Splinting Wound?
Causes: 2. Open wound -There are six main steps for treating a small wound,
- an injury that is exposed due to broken or a wound that does not require a doctor’s
 Blunt object that may result in contusion or skin, and is at high risk for infection.
bruises attention:
 Application of external forces
Classification of open
wound: 1. Put on Rubber Gloves
Signs and Symptoms: A. Puncture- Deep and narrow, serious or slight - If you are treating a person with a communicable
bleeding. (Penetrating pointed instruments or infectious disease, pull on a pair of rubber gloves .
 Pain and tenderness such as nail, ice picks, daggers, etc.)
 Swelling B. Abrasion- Shallow, wide, oozing of blood,
dirty. (Scrapping or rubbing against rough
 Discoloration surfaces.)
2. Stop the Bleeding
- Before you clean or dress the wound, you need to
stop the bleeding.
a.Light Pressure
-Cover the wound with sterile gauze or a clean cloth
and then apply gentle pressure with the palm of your
hand.
b.Elevation
-applying light pressure and elevating the body part
to a height above the person’s heart will allow
gravity to slow the blood flow.
c.Arterial Pressure
-. In the upper arm, apply pressure to the brachial
artery which runs along the bone in the arm.
-In the leg, apply pressure to the femoral artery by
pressing on the inner crease of the groin against the
pelvic bone.