Ideological State Apparatus:

The Catholic Church

Group 2
Canlas|Labaco|Manubag|Rullan|Soguilon|Vivar
Catholic Church

○ As an Ideological State Apparatus, it is an institute separate from

the state which serves to transmit values and ideas to the people
and maintain order and to promote capitalist relations of
production.
○ Transmission of values and ideas
○ through mass
○ through suppression (intervention)
Rizal and the Catholic Church

○ Born in 19th century Philippines which is heavily influenced by the

Catholic Church.

○ It is said he was inspired by the execution of the three Filipino priests

(Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez, Jacinto Zamora) when they were
falsely charged of sedition and incitement of the Cavite Mutiny, in
which his brother had witnessed.
Rizal and the Catholic Church

○ His works, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, in which he wrote of

the corruption among Spanish friars was condemned by the
Spanish friars and was banned in the colonies.

○ He was executed with the accusations of instigating violence and

associating with the Katipunan.

○ Jose Rizal. Harvard Divinity School, The Religious Literacy Project. Cambridge,
Massachusetts. Sept.16,2018.
Rizal and the Catholic Church

○ Even though Rizal has his disdains about the Catholic Church, he
has remained Catholic. He had studied in Europe and was exposed
to modern trends, values and thinking. He had become an
anticleric due to the problems between the Filipino people and the
land-owning Church but he had retracted this status in his last days
and accepted the Catholic faith.
○ there was no separation of the Church and the government
○ Montes, Cristina A. (2018) Rizal and the Catholic Church. Inquirer. Sept.16, 2018
In the works of Rizal

○ Noli Me Tangere follows the story of the young Filipino, Crisostomo

Ibarra who came back home from studying abroad who will witness
and become a victim of the corruption of the Spanish friars.
○ He includes the abuse of power of the Spanish friars
○ Ownership of land by the Church
○ Filipinos spending money for religious activities but almost none in
commerce
○ The denial of the society to new ideas which are different from what
was said by the Church
The Catholic Church in Rizal’s works

○ In the books, religion was deeply ingrained in society.

○ In the very first chapter of Noli Me Tangere, it was described that the
house of Capitan Tiago was filled with motley paintings of religious
matters.
○ People in San Diego were heavily influenced by the Friars.
○ This was evident when Friar Damaso called off the engagement
between Ibarra and Maria Clara. And Friar Sibyla advised Capitan
Tiago not to let Ibarra in his home.
The Catholic Church in Rizal’s works

○ It was also manifested that the Church was more powerful than the State.
○ This was shown in chapter 35 of Noli Me Tangere when Don Filipo
explained that the people can’t protect Ibarra from the Friars given
that the Church was more “united and rich” whereas the Philippine
government was “divided and poor”.
In the works of Rizal

○ El Filibusterismo continues the story of Ibarra’s revenge. The story

gives the message that freedom for self-interest will not revolutionize
the country.
○ At Ibarra’s last breath, he confesses to a priest his suffering and
plans in which he was forgiven. He died peacefully with a clear
conscience and at peace with God.
Order Produced by the Church

THEN NOW
○ Religion at the forefront of ○ Separation from the State
colonialism ○ Prominent and influential
○ Head of administration institution, but not a governing
○ Power and Elitism body
○ Capitalists ○ Academic control limited to
○ Control in the academic Catholic Schools
curriculum
Social Change

○ His life and works became influential to the intellectual

development of Philippine Nationalism. The Rizal Law, although
opposed by the Catholic Church are continuously being taught in
schools.