Aug. 17, 1965 D. c.

McNElL 3,200,568
FMSH SEPARATOR
Original Filed Nov. '7, 1960

GIila-Wu‘ BY
_ INVENTOR
DALPH C. MCNEIL

3m, 27am 2%'

ATTORNEYS
United States Patent 0 " "ice I‘ masses
Patented Aug. 17, 1%65

1 2
and draining, and which provides an improved type of
separator action, such that a maximum of and only sub
3,209,568 stantially pure ?ash or steam is vented therefrom. The
FLASH SEPARATOR
Dalph C. McNeil, 43 Pine St, Brookville, Pa. blow-down ?uid is introduced tangentially from a pres
Continuation of application Ser. No. 67 ,813, Nov. 7, 1960. sure vessel by connection to a threaded end 150 of an
This application Sept. 6, 1963, Ser. No. 307,266 inlet pipe 15 that extends through a side wall 11 of the
5 Claims. (til.- 55—191) unit and has a short-length portion 15a that is open or
has a port 15b at its end and that extends along the in
This is a continuation of my application Serial No. side of such side wall to introduce the ?uid to be con~
67,813, ?led Nov. 7, 1960, and entitled “Flash Separator” 10 ditioned. The inward extension of the portion 15a is
which has been abandoned in favor of the present ap important in imparting an improved centrifugal action
plication. , .
to the velocity ?uid being introduced. It will be noted
>This invention relates to improvements in blow-down that inlet port 15a is located near the top of a separat
separators such as shown in applicant’s prior patent No. ing and conditioning chamber whose diameter is prefer
2,762 451, issued on September 11, 1956, for separating 15 ably less than its height and whose height is divided into
velocity ?ow materials of different densities that are upper and lower, substantially segregated, primary and
introduced thereto as a ?ow stream and particularly, to secondary chambers by an intermediate or separating,
an improved separator suitable for processing a blow self-draining, disc-like baffle member 14. The baffle 14
down discharge from boilers or pressure vessels. is carried by the lower end portion of a centrally-dis
Make-up water supplied to pressure vessels contains 20 posed, Vtubular, vertical, vent or discharge pipe 13 whose
solids, concentrates, and dissolved materials which tend inlet opening or port portion is open fully and centrally
to deposit the boiler heating surfaces and to cause from the under side of the baffle.
corrosion. It is thus important to reduce this action by The enclosed separating and conditioning chamber is
frequent blow-downs. In some installations, a continu de?ned by an enclosing wall having a rounded or curvi
ous blow-down may be employed and, in which event, 25 linear vertical or side wall portion 11 that may be of
separated ?ash is recirculated back to the system or somewhat frusto-conical or cylindrical shape and that, if
vessel. A separator is used since it is not permissible to of the former, diverges towards its bottom end portion.
blow directly from a vessel into the sewer system, par The enclosing wall has inwardly-concave or dish-shaped
ticularly in view of the high temperatures and pressures top and bottom or end wall portions 11a and 11b. The
of the blow-down. 30 entering blow-down ?uid enters as a velocity ?ow about
Due to the present-day tendency to employ higher a circular, upper heat and corrosion-resistnat inner
pressures in the blow-down and attendant higher temper quadrant member 16 into the primary chamber in a
atures and to require the separation out of a much purer centrifugally induced path, about a continuous cylin
?ash which may be vented to the atmosphere or returned drical wall of the upright vent or discharge tube mem
to the system, there has been and urgent need for sepa 35 ber 13, and downwardly towards the secondary cham
rating apparatus that will not only handle higher temper ber that lies beneath the baille 14. It will be noted that
atures and pressures and effectively reduce them to low the wall of the discharge member 13 de?nes the inner
er values, but which will provide a more effective sepa periphery of the upper chamber and is substantially con
ating action as to the through-put. tinuous and of uniform diameter.
It has been an object of my invention to devise a new During this time, the ?uid ?ow, by reason of its cen
and improved blow-down sparator which will meet the trifugal action, is separated into portions which may be
present day more stringent requirements without the represented by an outer portion a of a maximum density,
necessity of, for example, employing multiple units; viscosity or entrainment of condensates, an intermedi
Another object has been to provide a separator which ate portion b which also contains ?uid or ?ash and is of
will assure a vented portion of maximized purity to meet 45 intermediate density, and an extreme inner or low density
stringent zoning requirments as to waste discharges into portion -c which is substantially pure steam or ?ash. As
the atmosphere; the ?ow continues, ?ash explosion takes place. These
A further object of my invention has been to provide representative portions 0, b and c, ?ow as somewhat seg
an apparatus which, as a single unit, will e?ectively re regated, circular or spiral layers downwardly towards
duce high blow-down pressures to minimize drain dis 50 the separator baffle 14, with the substantially pure por
charge pressures and which will, at the same time, tion 0 as the innermost layer. This innermost layer c,
minimize the temperature of the drain discharge; moves downwardly closely along the outer surface of
These and other objects of my invention will appear the vent pipe 13, closely along the upper convex sur
to those skilled in the art from the illustrated embodi face of the ba?le 14, over its downwardly~sloped pe
ment, the dscription, and the claims. ' ripheral or circumferential edge, loses its spiral or tan
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view in elevation and par gent spin, then moves abruptly or acutely-radially un
tial section of a blow-down separator constructed in ac derneath and closely along the under or concave ‘surface
cordance with my invention; and within the concave chamber of the baffle 14, and,
FIGURE 2 is an enlarged vertical view, principally in with volume expansion or venturi action, directly into
section, through the separator of FIGURE 1; 60 the opening or port of the open bottom end portion 13a
FIGURE 3 is a fragmental vertical section through and out of the centrally-positioned discharge or vent
an upper portion of a modi?ed construction which is member 13.
suitable for much higher pressure applications; this view The con?ned and close surface relationship of the pure
is slightly enlarged with respect to FIGURE 2; portion c with respect to the surfaces of the baffle 14 and
FIGURE 4 is a top plan view on the scale or" FIGURE the abrupt ?ow change provide a further ?ashing and
2 with the top cover removed, showing a modi?cation separating action that gives a ?nal acute change in di
employing an ejector tube; and rection and maximum purity of the portion 0, as it is
FIGURE 5 is a fragmental vertical section of the mod vented. Residual ?uid and the portion of intermediate
i?ed construction on the same scale as and taken along ‘density or viscosity of some contamination b, and the
the line 5—5 of FIGURE 4. portion of maximum contamination, density or viscosity
Incarrying out my invention, I have devised a sepa a, in the centrifugal ?ow, move downwardly through
rator unit 10 which is quiet in its action, is self-cleaning circumferential passageway portion d, into the lower
 3,200,568
3 .
chamber, andare directed by an upright‘spiral baffle 18 The separator bar'?e 14', by reason of its downwardly
into its relatively wide outer opening (see FIGURE 1) radially-outwardly sloped relationship, and the vent Wall
that faces in the direction of the ?ow. The ?uid portions 13, by reason of its continuous, closed or solidprelation
.51 and b then move in a guided relationship along a spiral, ship adiacent such baf?e, produce an improved separating
inwardly-converging path de?ned by the battle 18, to CT action, such that the released ?ash, steam or vapor dis
wards its inner end portion 18a, and downwardly-out charged from thevent or discharge member 13, is sub
wardly through a centrally-disposed, bottom drain pipe stantially pure. This discharge may be in the neighbor
'19. By sloping all the internal parts of my unit towards hood of 12 to 15% of the blow-down introduced in lower
the drain 19, I makepossible a quick drying-out of its' pressure ,utilizations wherein the ?uid is'i'ntroduced at a
interior, as aided by the heat imparted by a previous pressure of about 160 pounds per square inch. The con
low-down operation. struction is also such that the contaminated portions'of
Employing the principle ofthis improved apparatus, I the blow-down are silently moved under high velocity in
have found that higher pressures of ?uid may be handled a spiral path'through the opening. d down. to the lower
by vmerely increasing the height of the upper and lower or secondary chamber portion, where their pressure and
portionsof the chamber, such that a maximum of ?ashing 15 temperature are further reduced, and then ‘enter the exit
action, is accomplished and a maximum of volume ex course of the spiral battle 1%. The volume increase of, the
' 'pansion and flash is provided. Although pressure‘and flash may be in the neighborhood of about 200 times its
temperature reduction of the ?uid is accomplished inboth ' volume in the primary chamber. , p . '
the upper and lower chambers, the maximum reduction The baffle i8 is ‘secured to' project upwardly from the
is effected in the lower chamber. 20 inside of the bottom end wall. 11b and is shaped, so that
By way of example, I have found that the, separating its wider and open mouth inlet portion slopes in the di
or intermediate ba?le 14 may be located about 1A to 1/2 ' rection of the movement of the fluid material, and such
the height of the conditioning chamber fromthe top that the material is not slowed down incsuch movement
closure or- end wall lla of the unit llhwith larger size as it ?ows downwardly. and outwardly through the drain
units having, it located about 1/3 to 1/2 the distance; for opening 15% which'may be connected to the sewer.
example, for a. pressure of 600 pounds p.s.i., the distance‘ Where pressures over, fo'r'example, 350 to 660 or more
may be 1/2. The passage area d betweenthe outer edge pounds ‘psi. are involved, I also contemplate the use of
of the separator bathe 11?- and the inner peripheral wall 11 slanted vent, slot or port’portions 20 (see the unit lit’ of
of the unit must always be larger than the area of the FIGURE 3) in the upper area or portion of the wall 13
top vent opening as well as of the bottom drain opening, to provide a venturi and additional venting action for the
as represented by the inner diameters of the pipes 13 and vapor part' of the flow which, by a bleeding or venting
' 19.‘ Such spacing proportioning is important from the action relieves pressure, but without materially decreasing
standpoint of avoiding a build-up of ?uid pressure while, the improved separating action of my present invention.
at the same time, providing a high velocity for most effec In this way, I can process higher pressure ?uids to min
tive ‘entrainment and centrifugal action. imize the need for enlarging the size or’ the upper and
Referring particularly to the drawings, 10 embodies flower chambers. . , r 7
my separator unit having a vertical or upright, substan It will benoted that the circumferentially-spaced, slot
tially smoothly-curved or rounded side Wall 11 that de ted portions 26 have a planar base Witha slight upward
fuie an inner bounding area for the chamber. The in-, cant in ‘the direction of spiral ?ow and have a curved
verted top or downwardly-concave, dish-shaped end wall 40 opposed face and are preferably substantially equally
11a closes oif the upper end of the upright wall 11 and spaced about the periphery of the upper portion of. the
has a centrally-disposed and upwardly-projecting vent wall 13. I Their shape and positioning is such as to reject
connection 12 into which the vent or discharge pipe or more dense portions or fluid of the ?ash flow. It is im
member 13 extends. The vent connection 12 may be con portant that they be located in a spaced relation above
nected‘to the atmosphere through the roof of the plant 45 the ba?le wall 14,0r a minimum of approximately 1/2 of
or may be connected back to the boiler system when the the length of the vent wall 13 that lies within the upper
clean, vented, gaseous ?uid is to be ,re-utilizedp The or primary chamber, to assure my improved separating
lower endof the wall 11 is closed by the upwardly-con action. ' r . ‘

cave, ‘dish-shaped end portion 11b which carries the cen Less, entrainment and a maximum separation is‘ pro—
trally-disposed and downwardly-extending vent pipe 19. 50 vided in my presentrconstruction, such that a maximum
The inlet pipe 15 has an open or delivery end port 15a of liquid and more dense material, with. its ?ash and
vpositioned so as to provide a tangential ?ow along the pressure having been released, is discharged through the
inner surface of the extreme upper portion of the wall 11 drain 19. ' The pressure dropaction, by way of example,
and directly upon the striking plate quadrant 16 of stain for a flow introduced at about 100 pounds pressure at
less'steel which extends along the wall 11. The entering 55 300°;R, is such that the drain discharge has'a pressure
blow-down is thus given an initial volume expansion as it of 5 pounds or less, and this may be retained for higher
enters the upper, primary or separating portion of the ?uid pressures and temperatures by lengthening the height
chamberand is moved in a centrifugal manner such that' extent of the upper and lower portions of the chamber
'its heavier ?uid materials (including condensate), by and, in the case of extremely high pressures, by the use
reason of their density,‘ tend to move outwardly and ma 60 of the slotted. auxiliary vent openings 20. The slots 20
terials of lower ‘density tend to hug a central portion of are so shaped that they only accept portions of the’ pure,
the chamber and particularly the inner surface 'of the highly-vaporized ?ash part c of the flow. _
vent outlet ‘pipe or cylindrically-shaped wall 13 which is The spacing d between the separator ba?le 14 and the
of uniform diameter and projects from within the vent wall 11 is important from the standpoint of avoiding a
connector ‘12 vertically-downwardly to and is fully open 65 build-up of pressure while, at the‘ same'time,lretaining
as to its diameter at its lower end. a velocity of movement su?iciently high. for effective de
The downwardly-outwardly sloped, intermediate sepa entrainmentI-and centrifugal separation. -For example,
rator ba?le 14 which is shown of inverted dished shape, this distance d may vary. from about 11/2 inches for a
has an opening at its central portion corresponding to the unit of about 56 inches in height, to‘ about 1 inch for a
adjacent inner diameter of the vent wall 13 and is a 70 'unit 10 of'about 20 to 34-inches-in height, to above 34
smooth and uninterrupted part thereof to project from. of an inch for a unit of about 16 inchesin height. The
the lower end of such wall outwardly to de?ne the cir average inner diameter of the chamber may be in the
cumferential spacing d. This enables the ?uid portion 0 neighborhood of from Ste 16 inches for units .of heights
to freely move without restriction through the discharge from 16 to, for example, 56 inches and where the diam
vmember 13. 75 ',eter of the drain l9 varies from about 11/2 to 5 inches
 spouses
6
or more. The diameter of the top vent or discharge wall restriction, such that directional flow is imparted to the
13 should be always greater than that of the drain pipe liquids and gases passing about the bal?e 14. The liquids
19 and, for example, may vary between about 21/2 to 10 continue to travel along the wall 11 and the ?ash gases
inches or more. Also, the diameter. of the inlet pipe 15 tend to turn acutely on or about the bat?e 14 to escape
should be smaller than the diameter of the bottom drain out of the vent or discharge wall 13, the same as in the
opening or pipe 1%, for example, of about 3A to 21/2 embodiment of FIGURES l and 2.
inches. Further, by way of example, I have successfully What I claim is:
employed smaller separator units 10 having about an 1. In a quietly operating blow-down separator of the
average inside diameter of 8 inches and total inside height character described that processes contaminated blow
of 20 inches, of 10 inches diameter and 16 inches height, 10 down discharge ?uid supplied under positive pressure by
and of 12 inches diameter and 16 inches height. a boiler or pressure vessel, a circumferentially-rounded
I have discovered that an improved effectiveness and enclosing side wall that extends downwardly, generally
quantity of ?ash recovery is made possible by the em inwardly-concave top and bottom closure walls de?ning
ployment of a non-restrictive‘, top vent port that is fully an internal chamber with and integrally~secured to said
open centrally underneath the ba?ie 14, by the sharper enclosing side wall, an inlet pipe extending through a
cut-01f action of a separating ba?ie 14 having a down side portion of the enclosing side wall immediately adja~
wardly-turned or sloped outer circumferential edge, and cent said top closure wall and in a tangential relation
by restricting the use of any side vent openings in the with said enclosing side wall for introducing contami
top vent or discharge tube wall 13 and to those essen nated blow-down fluid under vpositive-pressure tangen
tially having a spaced relation above the separating 20 tially into an upper portion of the internal chamber and
ba?le 14. inducing a centrigugal downward ?ow of the ?uid within
In the construction of FIGURES 4 and 5, an ejector the internal chamber, a tubular ?ash discharge member
21, in the nature of a tubular part and nozzle, is posi having a substantially cylindrical wall projecting cen
tioned to extend substantially centrally-upwardly along trally-downwardly through siad top closure wall along
the vent or discharge wall 13 and is bent at its lower or 25 the upper portion of the internal chamber, said top closure
inlet end portion 21a to project from and through a wall fully closing-01f the upper portion of the internal
vertical side of the vent wall 13 that is remote to (about ' chamber from said tubular ?ash discharge member to said
270° from) the outlet port 15b of the inlet piJe 15. It side enclosing wall whereby all ?uid moving upwardly out
will be noted that the inlet portion 21a is positioned of the internal chamber has to pass through said tubular
below the inlet pipe 15 and has a lip edge which projects ?ash discharge member, an inverted dish-shaped disc-like
slightly from a side thereof which faces the direction of ba?le member, located beneath said inlet pipe, centrally
circumferential movement of the flash within the upper secured to a bottom end of said discharge member and
chamber. This rejects or prevents entrained liquid that projecting radially-outwardly therefrom into a radially
is moving about the outer side of the wall 13 from enter inwardly spaced relation with respect to the inner periph_—
ing the inlet 21a of the jet or ejector tube 21. The ejector 35 cry of said enclosing side wall and dividing the internal
21 picks-up ready and immediate ?ash from the incom chamber into an upper contaminated-?uid-receiving cham
ing liquids and ejects it under increased velocity through ber and a lower expansion and contaminant collecting
its tapered or nozzle outlet end portion 21b. This eject chamber, said ba?le member having a down-turned outer
ing action tends to produce a vacuum around the tube circumferential edge thereabout de?ning a circumferen
21 and thus increase the normal rate of ?ow of the ?ash tial ?ow-restricting aperture with the inner periphery of
along the vent wall 13 which enters from the underface said enclosing side wall of a vertical extent that corre
of the baf?e wall 14. As shown particularly in FIGURE sponds substantially to the thickness of said edge, said
5, the ejector tube 21 may be secured to the wall 13 by cylindrical wall of said discharge member being closed-off
weld metal w. This modi?ed unit has been given the and continuous therealong for at least a substantial up
designation 10" to distinguish from the other units; it is wardly-spaced vertical distance from said bai?e member
otherwise shown the same as the basic unit of FIGURES and de?ning an outlet port portion at its lower end that
1 and 2. is fully centrally-open from said cylindrical wall to an
Since the baf?e 14 de?nes a restricted aperture d be under face of said ba?le member, a vertically-positioned
tween the upper and lower chambers, su?icient pressure outlet pipe open at its upper end to said lower chamber
is maintained within the upper chamber, such that the and extending downwardly-centrally through said bottom
ready and immediate ?ash from incoming liquids escapes closure wall for discharging contaminated portions of the
by virtue of this pressure through the ejector tube 21 blow-down ?uid from said lower chamber, a spiral baf?e
and produces greater velocity in the vent 13. This creates positioned within said lower chamber and extending verti
a lower pressure in the lower chamber than would nor cally-upwardly from said bottom closure wall and being
mally be accomplished, since gases escaping directly from open vertically-upwardly and horizontally-endwise to said
the ejector tube 21 serve to increase the amount of lower chamber for receiving residual denser portions of
gaseous flow out along the vent wall 13, thus further the ?uid and conducting them centrally-inwardly into said
reducing the amount of gas introduced into the lower outlet pipe; said inlet pipe having an inner end portion
chamber. Also, by lowering the pressure in the lower positioned and adapted in combination with said top clo
chamber, a greater volume of gases are given up by the sure, said enclosing side Wall, the cylindrical wall of said
lower chamber liquids to increase the separation e?i discharge member and said ba?ie member to direct the
ciency. As a result, there is a reduction of residual and contaminated ?uid being introduced under positive pres
a consequent reduction of residual temperature, particu sure in a centrifugal-downwardly moving path along said
larly as applied to the lower chamber. It is thus possible upper chamber with suf?cie'nt velocity to separate the ?uid
to reduce the size of the lower chamber to obtain results 65 into an outer relatively dense portion, into an intermediate
which are comparable to those of the embodiment of portion of intermediate density, and into an inner lower
FIGURE 2, or by using the same size of lower chamber, density portion of substantially pure ?ash; said ba?le mem
to handle a larger volume of gases with increased effi ber and its said outer circumferential edge being posi-v
ciency and of higher temperatures and pressures. tioned and adapted in combination with the cylindrical
In the embodiment of FEGURES 1 and 2, the pressure 70 wall of said discharge member to direct the inner lower
within the upper and lower chambers may be substan density portion of the ?uid over its convex upper face,
tially the same, whereas employing the jet principle of downwardly over its outer circumferential edge, abruptly
FIGURES 4 and 5, a differential pressure action is and acutely-inwardly over its lower concave side face,
effected. It will be noted that the opening or aperture and upwardly-out through said outlet port portion and
d between the upper and lower chambers provides a 75 said discharge member without ?ash restriction in move
 3,209,568
m
V a o 7

ment from said lower chamber into‘ said discharge 'rnem
her; and said outer circumferential edge being positioned a
and adapted in combination with said enclosing side wall
to impart velocity flow to and pass the outer relatively
dense and intermediate density portions of the ?uid down
wardly along and through said restricted aperture into
said lower chamber, and said lower chamber as de?ned
' by said enclosing side wall, said‘ ba?le means and said
bottom closure wall being adapted to expand said portions
ing portions located a substantial vertical distance above
said ba?’le'member, and said open venting portions have
substantially planar base portions slanted to‘ an ‘angle to I
the vertical and facing towards said inlet pipe and have
opposed'curved connecting portions facing’ away. from said
inlet pipe to relieve pressure ofrthe ?uid, to, only accept
portionsof substantially pure ?ash and reject the intro
duction ofcondensate therethrough into said discharge
member.- , >

of the ?uid therein and lower their pressure and tempera 10 5.7 A'bloW-Vdown separator, as de?ned in claim 1 where
ture for ‘discharge through said outlet pipe, said cylin in, an ejector has a vertical outlet portion positioned, cen
drical wall'of said discharge member having an inner ?ow trally within and projecting upwardlyalong said'pdischarge
diameter that is greater than the inner ?ow diameter of member and has a horizontal lower inlet end portion pro
said outlet pipe, and said inlet pipe having an inner ?ow jecting from anopening in said cylindrical wall that is
diameter that is smaller than the inner ?ow diameter of 15 substantially vertically-spaced above said ba?le member
said'outlet pipe. and is positioned‘ substantially 270?: from the inner end
2. A blow-down separator as de?ned in claim 1 where- I portion of said inlet pipe, and said ejector'hasa ,lip'edge
in, said cylindrical wall of said discharge member is fully on its lower inlet end portion that projects slightly out
closed along its length from said ba?ie member to said wardly beyond’the outer side of said cylindrical wall at the
top closure wall, and said outer circumferential edge of substantial 270°’ position and slopes inwardly into- said
said ba?ie member has a radial spacing with respect to the cylindrical wall towards 360° with reference to‘ the inner
inner periphery of said enclosing side wall Within a range end portion of said inlet pipe to receive a portion of the
‘of about % to 1% inches.‘ , ' inner substantially pure flash from said upperchamber
I 3. A blow-down separator as de?ned in claim 1 where and to reject entrained fluid 'and- to increase the rate of
in, said inlet pipe has an inner end portion that projects 25' ?ow of the inner lower density portion of the ?uid over
tangentially-inwardly through the side portion of said en said ba?ie member, through'said outlet port portion and
closing side wall into said upper chamber, and a corrosion said discharge member. ' ~
resistant circular striking plate quadrant member is se
cured on the inner side of said enclosing side wall within References Cited by the Examiner '
said upper chamber and extends forwardly from said inner 30
.end portion of said inlet pipe to direct the flow of incom UNITED STATES PATENTS‘,
ing contaminated ?uid without damage to said enclosing 1,055,792 3/13 Plock _______ ___ ______ __ 55-435
side wall. 1,560,286‘ 11/25 Mount _____ _________ __ 55—l91
4. A blow-down separator as de?ned in claim 1 where 1,916,528, 7/33 'Raymond __,_ ____ _.,__'__ 55~435
in, the cylindrical wall of said discharge member is'fully 2,762,451 9/56 VMcNeil _____________ __ 55—204
enclosed along its length within said upper chamber err 2,918,139 12/59 Silverman _____' ______ __ 55-449
cept for a peripherally spaced~apart group of open vent REUBEN FRIEDMAN, Primary Examiner.
 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
Patent No. 3,200,568 August 17, I965
Dalph C. McNeil
It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered pat
ent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as
corrected below.
Column 1, line 22, after "deposit" insert -- on -—; line
35, for Hand" read ~~ an '- ; line 55, for "dscription" read —
description -~; column 2, line 31, for "corrosion-resistnat"
read —— corrosion~resistant —— ; column 4, line 39, after
"spiral“ insert -- flash —-; column 6, line 21, for "centri
gugal" read --~ centrifugal --; line 24, for "siad" read —
said -~; column 8, line 3, for "to", first occurrence, read
- — at -.~ ‘

Signed and sealed this 5th day of April 1966.

SEAL)
,ttest:
RN'EST W. SWIDER EDWARD. J. BRENNER
ttesting Officer Commissioner of Patents