REPORT

DYNAMIC TEST 2

Friday, 06 June 2008

BAY4
489 Drummond Street, Carlton
PART I. PEAK PICKING METHOD

Location of Accelerometers

Acc C
South Frame

SW NW

North Frame
Bay4

SE NE Acc B

Acc D Acc G

Prediction of Movement based on the trend of PSD Graphs

D + G = max
D – G = min
Both in the same sign

(+) (+) (-) (-)

(+) (-)

B + C = max
B – C = min
Both in the same sign

(+) (-)

(-) D – G = max
D+ G = min
Both in the same sign
D + G = max (opposite sign)

B – C = max
B + C = min
(+) Both in the same sign
(+) (-) B + C = max (opposite sign)

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1. EAST-WEST Excitation

Average of Power Spectral Density for East-West Excitation

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Average of Power Spectral Density for East-West Excitation (in bigger scale)

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Summation and Subtraction of PSD graph

Analysis:
We can see there are three peaks on PSD graphs, i.e. = 3.6Hz, 4.3Hz, and 10.4Hz.
 Frequency 3.6 Hz is found on graphs of accelerometer D and G. Both summation (D+G) and
subtraction (D-G) show the same trend on 3.6Hz, both peaks are in the same sign. The result
of summation graph (D+G) is bigger than subtraction graph (D-G). This indicates that the
movement is translation.
 The inverse trend is occurred for frequency 4.3Hz, both peaks of summation and subtraction
graphs has opposite sign of value. The summation graphs on both (B+C) and (D+G) produce
maximum value, whereas subtraction graphs (B-C) and (D-G) produce maximum value in
the opposite sign. This behaviour indicates rotation/twist as the movement.
 For frequency 10.4, both peaks of summation and subtraction have same sign of value,
whereas the value of summation peaks is bigger than the one from subtraction graphs. It
indicates that the building will move in translational mode on north-south direction which
perpendicular to excitation direction. The possible explanation of this movement is because
of slippage of kentledge when impact was occurred.
 As the conclusion from the analysis above, there are two possible natural frequencies, f1 =
3.6Hz, and f2 = 4.3Hz.

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2. North-South Excitation

Average of Power Spectral Density for North-South Excitation

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Average of Power Spectral Density for North-South Excitation (in bigger scale)

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Summation and Subtraction of PSD graph

Analysis:
The peaks on PSD graphs for north-south impact are not as clear as the ones for east-west
excitation. There are several close peaks in several groups. We can see there are three peak groups
on average PSD graphs, i.e. = 1.3Hz-1.5Hz-1.7Hz for group1, 3.73Hz-4.3Hz for group 2, and
8.93Hz-9.4Hz for group3.
 Comparing three close peaks on average graphs and on calculation graphs, it is found that
1.5Hz has the highest peak. Frequency 1.5 Hz is found on graphs of accelerometer B and C.
The summation (B+C) results in maximum value, whereas in subtraction (D-G), the
magnitude is very small.. This indicates that the movement is translation on North-South
direction.
 The second group consist 3.73Hz on D&G graph and 4.3Hz on both B&C and D&G graphs.
For both frequencies, peaks of summation and subtraction graphs have opposite sign of
value. The summation graph (B+C) and (D+G) produce maximum value, whereas
subtraction graph (B-C) and (D-G) produces maximum value in the opposite sign. This
behaviour indicates rotation/twist as the movement.
 The third group is just occurred on B&C graphs, which also have the same behaviour as the
first group. The result of both summation and subtraction are in the same sign of value, with
summation peak is bgger than subtraction peak. It indicates that the building will move in
translational mode on north-south direction. Because the third mode is similar with first
frequency, this third mode can be ignored.

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  As the conclusion from the analysis above, there are two possible natural frequencies, f1 =
1.5Hz, and f2 = 3.73Hz or 4.3Hz.
PART II. ARTeMIS TESTOR & EXTRACTOR ver 3.5

I. East-West Impact (Strong Direction)

ARTeMIS Model for EW Impact

Power Spectral Density

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Frequency Domain Decomposition Analysis

Enhanced Frequency Domian Decomposition Analysis

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Mode Shapes of Excitation on Strong Direction

Mode 1

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 Mode 2

Mode 3

II. North-South Impact (Weak Direction)

ARTeMIS Model for NS Impact

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Power Spectral Density

Frequency Domain Decomposition Analysis

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Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition Analysis

Mode Shapes of Excitation on Weak Direction

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 Mode 1

Mode 2

Mode 3

Analysis :
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1. Strong Direction (East-West) Excitation

From FFD and EFDD graphs of east-west excitation, there are three peaks on three frequencies, i.e.
3.6Hz, 4.6Hz, and 10.2Hz. In accordance with that, mode shapes of the three frequencies are translation
(east-west direction), twisting, and translation (north-south direction) respectively. The third mode shape
is ignored, because the translation is perpendicular with the direction of excitation. So from this graph,
there are just two natural frequencies: f1 = 3.6Hz (translation) and f2 = 4.6 Hz (twist).

2. Weak Direction (North-South) Excitation

Both FFD and EFDD graphs show three peaks, ie. 1.6Hz, 3.6Hz, and 9.4Hz. The related mode shapes
are translation (north-east direction), twisting, and translation (north-east direction). Because of similarity
of mode shapes between the first and third frequencies, the first frequency is more appropriate as
natural frequency. So from these graphs, there are two natural frequencies: f1 = 1.6Hz (translation) and
f2 = 3.6 Hz (twist).

PART 3. PREDICTION FROM ANALYTICAL THEORY

Picture. Pushover curve from field testing

Table of Load-Displacement for bay 3 and bay 4

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Bay 3
Displacement
Load
North South Average
0.15 0 0 0
10.4 0 0 0
21.55 0.5 0 0.25
41.9 1 1 1
64.6 2 2 2
83.9 2 3 2.5

Bay 4
Displacement
Load
North South Average
0 0 0 0
11 0 0 0
23.2 0 1.2 0.6
31.6 3.2 3.3 3.25

Mass
 Kentledge = 50 tonnes = 50,000 kg
 Slab = 8.47 x 3.71 x 0.12 x 2400 = 9,050 kg
 Beam = 2x[(8x0.41) + (3.7+0.38)/2 x 0.37] x 2400 = 6,004 kg
Total = 65,054 kg
Stiffnes (k):
1. Based on table :
 kstrong = 83.9 = 33.56 kN/mm = 33.56x106 N/m
2.5
1 k 1 33.56  10 6
fstrong = = = 3.62 Hz
2 m 2 65054
 kweak = 31.6 = 9.72 kN/mm = 9.72x106 N/m
3.25
1 k 1 9.72  10 6
fstrong = = = 1.94 Hz
2 m 2 65054

2. Based on trendline :
 kstrong = 27.77 kN/mm = 27.77 x106 N/m
1 k 1 27.77  10 6
fstrong = = = 3.3 Hz
2 m 2 65054
 kweak = 7.4 kN/mm = 7.4x106 N/m
1 k 1 7.4  10 6
fstrong = = = 1.69 Hz
2 m 2 65054

The predictions of frequency based on initial stiffness confirm the natural frequency resulted from both
ARTeMIS and Manual (Peak Picking Method).

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SUMMARY

Strong Direction Excitation

Peak Picking
Frequency ARTeMIS Theory Prediction Mode Shape
method
f1 3.6 Hz 3.7 Hz 3.62 Hz / 3.3Hz translation

f2 4.3 Hz 4.6 Hz - twist

Weak Direction Excitation

Peak Picking
Frequency ARTeMIS Theory Prediction Mode Shape
method
f1 1.5 Hz 1.6 Hz 1.94 Hz / 1.69 Hz translation

f2 4.3Hz Hz 3.6 Hz - twist

Result :
Natural frequencies :
 Translation mode for weak direction = 1.5Hz
 Translation mode for strong direction = 3.6 Hz
 Twisting mode = 4.3 Hz

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