2019

(a) Give two advantages of using bio-gas as a source of power.

Bio-gas is clean / non-polluting / cheap / the sludge left behind act as a rich fertilizer/ can
be installed with less capital investment/cost effective/eco-friendly/easily available/reduce
dependence on fossil fuel /renewable /sustainable

(b) Name the following:

(i) A metallic mineral for which the Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh
is famous.
Manganese or Copper or Bauxite

(ii) The multi-purpose project based on the River Sutlej.

The Bhakra Nangal Dam/ Bhakra Nangal project
(c) Give a reason for each of the following:
(i) Odisha has benefitted greatly from the Hirakud project.
The Hirakud project generates power / provides water for irrigation for both the kharif and
rabi crops / controls floods on the River Mahanadi/ / soil conservation/ fish
culture/ industrial growth/water supply/inland waterways.

(ii) Copper is used to make electric wires.

Copper is a good conductor of electricity / is ductile and malleable and so is used to
make electric wires.

(iii) India’s location is advantageous for the generation of solar power.

India lies between 8°N and 37°N with the Tropic of Cancer running through it and
so receives a lot of sunlight with 300 clear days in a year. This is advantageous for
the generation of solar power.

(d) Briefly answer the following:

(i) Name a mineral used to generate nuclear power.
Uranium / Thorium / Beryllium/Plutonium/Zirconium

(ii) Why is petroleum often referred to as “liquid gold”?

Petroleum is a versatile mineral. It generates power / used as a fuel for vehicles and
in factories / used as a raw material for products like plastics, tarpaulin, wax etc. /
by-products like kerosene are very useful / Not even the smallest part of the crude
oil goes waste or remains unused and is therefore called liquid gold /because of high
economic value.

(iii)State one disadvantage of using coal as a source of power.

It leads to pollution / it is exhaustible / it is non-renewable / heavy transport cost/
problem of disposal of residue/ health hazard.

2018
(a) Give two advantages that non-conventional energy sources have over
conventional energy sources.
They produce large amount of power, which can be used for domestic, industrial
and other activities. /renewable/eco-friendly/inexhaustible

(b) (i) Mention one advantage of the use of natural gas over coal or petroleum.
Natural gas creates less pollution (if used as CNG or LPG) as compared to fossil fuels
such as coal or petroleum.

(ii) Name one off shore oil field of India.

Mumbai High / Aliabet / Bassein/ basin of Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery.

(c) Answer the following:

(i) State one industrial use of copper.
Copper is used for making wire and for alloys.

(ii) Mention one advantage of generating power from bio-gas.

Non-polluting / waste put to good use / residue used as manure / inexhaustible /reduces
dependence on fossil fuels/cleans environment.

(iii) Name the mineral that toughens steel and makes it rust-proof.
Manganese is used to make steel tough and rust proof.

(d) (i) Name the metal obtained from Bauxite. Give any one use of the metal mentioned
by you.
Aluminium – it is used to make utensils, aircrafts, in automobiles, wires

(ii) Which multi-purpose project provides power to both Punjab and Himachal
Pradesh? ​ Bhakra Nangal

2017
(a) Give the names of four important types of iron ore found in India.
(i) Magnetite (ii) Hematite
(iii) Limonite (iv) Siderite

(b) Name the following:

(i) An offshore oil field in the Gulf of Cambay.
Aliabet island close to Bhavnagar in the Gulf of Cambay.

(ii) An oil refinery in Bihar.

Barauni

(c) (i) Name the state that produces the largest amount of limestone.
Madhya Pradesh / Rajasthan / Gujarat / Andhra Pradesh / Tamil Nadu

(ii) State two uses of limestone.

Limestone is used as raw material in fertilizer plants / chemicals / iron and steel / cement /
glass industry.
(d) State an important industrial use of:
(i) Manganese
raw material for making steel / paints / glass.
(ii) Coal
main source of power generation / generate thermal electricity / fuel / used in iron
and steel industries, chemical industries, cement industry, railway industry.
(iii) Aluminium
raw material for manufacture of aircrafts / automobile / electronic goods /
utensils.

2016
(a) (i) Name any three types of coal found in India.
Bituminous Anthracite Lignite

(ii) Which type of coal is mostly used in Iron and Steel Industries?
Bituminous coal is used in steel plants.

(b) Name the following:

(i) An off-shore oil field of India.
Mumbai high

(ii) An iron ore mine of Karnataka.

Kemmangundi

(c) Name the following:

(i) Largest coal field of India.
Raniganj in West Bengal

(ii) Oldest oil-field of India.

Digboi in Assam

(iii) Best variety of iron ore.

Magnetite

(d) (i) Name the metal extracted from Bauxite. ​Aluminium

(ii) Mention two uses of this metal.

Used for manufacture of aircraft / utensils / wires.

2015
(a) State two reasons why limestone is a valuable mineral.
Limestone is needed in the manufacture of iron and steel, cement, fertilizers / Fluxing
material
in smelting of iron ore / glass manufacturing / manufacture of Chemicals – soda ash, caustic
soda,
bleaching powder / Use in paper / sugar and aluminium.

(b) State the most important use of the following:

(i) Iron ore
are used in Steel making / Slag for cement / sludge for fertilizer.

(ii) Bauxite
to extract aluminum/ light / used in aircraft/ use in automobiles

(c) Name the:

(i) Largest oil refinery in the Public sector.
Mathura / Guwahati / Digboi / Haldia / Koyali / Barauni / Kochin Chennai / Panipat /
Mumbai / Vishalapatnam

(ii) State that is the largest producer of coal. ​Jharkhand

(iii) Best variety of iron ore.

Magnetite

(d) Give a geographic reason for each of the following:

(i) Many port cities have their own oil refineries.
As port cities are large consumers of oil and its products and by-products/to cut down
transport costs as most of the crude oil is imported.

(ii) Petroleum is called a ‘fossil fuel’.

As petroleum is derived from the decomposition of organic matter under tremendous heat
and pressure.

(iii) Coal is called a versatile mineral.

As it has numerous uses-it can be converted into oil, gas and electricity/ used to generate
power/ used as fuel/used as a raw material in numerous industries like iron and steel,
fertilizers and cement/ yields valuable by-products like naphtha and phenol.

2014
(a) Mention any two uses of manganese.
Raw material in the iron and steel industry / to make steel tough and rust proof
In the manufacture of black enamel
In the chemical industry
In the electrical industry
In the glass industry
In the battery industry
To form alloys

(b) Which of the different varieties of coal is used for domestic purposes and why?
Bituminous is used for domestic purposes.
Burns slowly, no smoke, no ash, high heating value.
(c) Name the mineral used in the manufacture of:
(i) Cement​ limestone
(ii) Aluminium ​bauxite
(iii) Synthetics ​oil or coal

(d) Which State is the leading producer of the following minerals?

(i) Coal ​Jharkhand
(ii) Oil ​Maharashtra
(iii) Manganese ​Orissa