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  • Dehydration Symptoms and Treatment Plans

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    Jennyu Yu
    136 vizualizări2 pagini
    This document discusses dehydration and its management. It describes mild, moderate, and severe dehydration based on the percentage of fluid loss and associated symptoms. Management plans differ depending on the level of dehydration. For mild dehydration, extra oral fluids are recommended. Moderate dehydration is treated with oral rehydration solution for the first 4 hours, then reassessment. Severe dehydration requires intravenous rehydration therapy. Complications can include electrolyte imbalances if dehydration is not addressed properly.

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    This document discusses dehydration and its management. It describes mild, moderate, and severe dehydration based on the percentage of fluid loss and associated symptoms. Management plans differ depending on the level of dehydration. For mild dehydration, extra oral fluids are recommended. Moderate dehydration is treated with oral rehydration solution for the first 4 hours, then reassessment. Severe dehydration requires intravenous rehydration therapy. Complications can include electrolyte imbalances if dehydration is not addressed properly.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca DOCX, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    136 vizualizări2 pagini

    Dehydration Symptoms and Treatment Plans

    Încărcat de

    Jennyu Yu
    This document discusses dehydration and its management. It describes mild, moderate, and severe dehydration based on the percentage of fluid loss and associated symptoms. Management plans differ depending on the level of dehydration. For mild dehydration, extra oral fluids are recommended. Moderate dehydration is treated with oral rehydration solution for the first 4 hours, then reassessment. Severe dehydration requires intravenous rehydration therapy. Complications can include electrolyte imbalances if dehydration is not addressed properly.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    din 2

    Dehydration

    Mild <5% Moderate 5-10% Severe >10%


    C/F C/F C/F
     Thirsty, alert, restless  Thirsty, restless, lethargic,  Drowsy, cold, sweaty, cyanotic
    irritable extremities
     No sunken eye  Sunken eye  Sunken eye
     Drinks normally  Drink eagerly, thirsty  Not able to drink
     Skin goes back normally  Skin goes back slowly  Skin goes back slowly (>2sec)
    Management [Plan A] Management [Plan B] Management [Plan C]
     Extra fluid  ORS in 1st 4 hrs  IV rehydration fluid
    - Breastfeeding/ food based - Weight x 75ml/kg - Rapid restoration of
    fluids: juice, rice water, ORS - +10ml/kg for each stool circulating intravascular
    [20ml/kg – 4 hourly]  After 4 hrs, reassess hydration volume w isotonic (normal
    - <2 y/o: 50-100ml after each status saline)
    stool  When retake food: - 20ml/kg of 0.9% normal
    - >2 y/o: 100-200ml - 100ml/kg – 24 hourly until saline as rapid IV bolus– 20
     Zinc supplement diarrhea stop min, additional 20ml/kg
    - Decrease stool output & bolus over 2 hrs
    duration of diarrhea - Deficit = % dehydration x
     Continue feeding weight (kg) + maintenance
     Return to hospital, when: fluid + loss
    - Unable to drink - ORS 5ml/kg/hr when child
    - b/c sicker can drink
    - develop fever
    - diarrhea x resolve >3 days
    - bloody stool
    - shock/ severe dehydration
    - failed ORS treatment & need
    IV therapy

    Investigations

     BUN, creatinine

    Management Complication
     Prevent dehydration  Hypokalemia
     Replace lost fluid  Impaired renal function – acidosis – hyperkalemia
     Maintain nutrition  Seizure – electrolyte imbalance (hyper/
     Antibiotic: only for bloody stool, probable shigellosis hyponatremia), hypoglycaemia
    suspected cholera w severe dehydration  Lactose intolerance (w persistent loose stool,
    abdominal distension, increase flatus, perianal
    excoriation)
     Cow’ milk protein allergy

    IV therapy
     Unconscious child
     Failed ORS treatment d/t rapid stool loss (>15-
    20mg/kg/hr), severe vomiting, drink poorly
     Abdominal distension w paralytic ileus – hypokalemia
    (decrease peristalsis )
     Glucose malabsorption – increase stool output, large
    amount of glucose in stool

    Diarrhea + vomiting +low grade fever + no mucus in stool – viral

    Diarrhea + vomiting + abdominal cramps + blood &mucus in stool – bacterial infection

    Diarrhea + blood & mucus in stool, no fever – amoebic

    Profuse diarrhea + vomiting – cholera

    Diarrhea + excessive vomiting – food poisoning

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