Product Bulletin

Date: 9th July 2007

Reference Number: A1Misc / Bio diesel / 59

B20 Bio diesel

Perkins Engines has approved the use of B20 bio diesel - 20% dilution of bio diesel with
standard diesel - across its range of 400D and 1100D Tier 3 & Stage IIIA compliant
engines. The company publicly announced B20 acceptance at the March 2007
SIMA Agricultural show in Paris. B20 approval is based on fuel quality satisfying ATSM
D6751 (USA) and EN14214 (Europe) bio diesel standards. Service intervals will remain
at 500 hours and two-year warranty operation remains unchanged when operating
on B20 bio diesel.

Engines compliant with B20 will progressively be released during 2007 beginning with
the 400D range in April and 1100D in May. The key introduction dates are;
• 400D, at model intro, starting April 07
• 1104D Mechanical, at model intro, starting May 07
• 1104D & 1106D electronic, during Q4 07 as a running change (cut in details tba)
• 1103D, at model intro, starting Jan 08

Prior engine models e.g. 1100 A/B/C models, and Stage IIIA models based off Stage II
hardware i.e. 1103D-33T @ 36.9kW, are not covered and remain at the previous B5 bio
diesel level - 5% dilution of bio diesel with standard diesel.

Bio diesel is defined as a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids
derived from vegetable oil or animal fats. Bio diesel is typically produced by a
Perkins Confidential: Green
Issued by: Industrial Power Systems Division - Marketing, Peterborough, PE1 5NA, England.
Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Co Ltd 2006 – All Rights Reserved.
Information correct at time of going to print.
reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol in
the presence of a catalyst to yield mono-alkyl esters and glycerine, which is removed.

Although bio diesel has eight to 10 % less energy weight for weight than conventional
diesel, Perkins believes that at B20 levels any loss of engine power will be negligible
and that machine operators are unlikely to notice any marked deterioration in
performance. Other key performance measures such as SFC, full load ratings and
torque availability are expected to remain broadly similar to those figures when using
the current 5% RME mix.

Bio diesel has a number of benefits over and above its contribution to CO2 reduction.
Firstly, it is naturally an ultra-low sulphur fuel and has high lubricity, with consequent
benefits for fuel pump operation. It has also been shown to have a significant impact
on reducing many other emissions.

One of the key additional environmental benefits associated with bio diesel is that it is
biodegradable; with tests having demonstrated that when poured onto wet soil 98%
degrades within 30 days. However, because of its stronger tendency to oxidise
compared to conventional diesel, it must be stored carefully in air-tight containers.
This care also needs to be extended to all handling and operations activities and
avoiding standing down the engine for long periods of time with bio diesel remaining
in the system, no longer than one month is recommended.

Issued By:

IPS&M Marketing Team

IPS Marketing Team/1M/Caterpillar

Perkins Confidential: Green

Issued by: Industrial Power Systems Division - Marketing, Peterborough, PE1 5NA, England.
Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Co Ltd 2006 – All Rights Reserved.
Information correct at time of going to print.