TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND STEAM UTILIZATION

Steam:
Steam is vaporized water. It is just like a transparent gas. At
standard temperature and pressure, pure steam (unmixed with air, but in
equilibrium with water.liquid water) occupies about 1,600 times the volume
of an equal mass of liquid .

Steam is produced by boiling the water

so that it changes into vapors. These
vapors are produced in boilers. In
boilers water is heated and steam is
produced. Two types of boilers are
used, one is “fire tube boilers” and
other is “water tube boilers”. In fire
tube boilers, fire is in tubes and water is
in chamber. In water tube boilers,
water is in tubes and fire is in chamber.

Where it is Utilized?
Steam is used in different
industries for different purposes .It is
used for heating, increasing temperature of different equipments and
maintaining the temperature of different mechanisms.

Utilization in Textile Industry

Steam is widely used in textile industry. In every process of
textile, in Spinning, Weaving, Processing and Garments, it is used. Steam is
used for drying, heating and maintaining the temperature of system.
Application in Yarn Manufacturing:
Steam is used for mostly
preparation of synthetic fibers. It is
used in dry spinning of man-made
fibers as when they passes from
spinneret, they are in liquid form.
To dry them we pass cold air and
when they changed in solid form,
hot air i.e. steam is passed to
acquire favorable results. Steam is
also passed from synthetic fibers for
increasing moisture regain for
comfortable feel.Steaming of twist
yarn and and core spun yarn is also
done.

Application in Fabric Manufacturing:

In weaving, steam is used
in sizing department mostly. In size
cooker size is cooked by using steam.
In size box, temperature of size box is
maintained by using steam. When
sheet of yarn is sized it get wetted.
We pass this sheet to drying cylinders
for drying. In drying cylinders steam
is used for heating the cylinders.

Application in Textile Chemistry:

A dryer having steam is any
processing plant machine which removes
moisture to produce a dry, solid product.
Dryers come in a variety of shapes and
sizes, many different types of materials of
construction, can be batch type or
continuous, rated for high temperature, low temperature, operate under
vacuum, direct fired, indirect fired, etc.

 Dryers are normally located in a process line near the end of process
where the finished product is a dry powder. Many times in chemical or
pharmaceutical plants the dryer is after the centrifuges or filters which
remove most of the water before the product goes into the dryer.

 Products dry much faster under vacuum than they do in atmospheric

conditions and many times the products needs to be dried under a
nitrogen blanket. These products need to be dried in a closed
environment so you will see dryers rated for internal pressure and
vacuum and will have a heating jacket.
o In processing, steam is widely used in many process. It is used
in cylinders for shearing of fabrics. Steam is used for heating the
dyes. It is used in drying cylinders for drying the Fabric after
washing. It is also used in cylinders; those are used for drying
the dyes. After printing, Steam is also used for drying.

Application in Garments Manufacturing:

 In water garments, steam is mostly
used in pressing. Iron used for pressing
is heated with steam is poured into a
small reservoir and superheated until it
becomes usable steam. A mechanical
switch on the handle of the iron allows
the user to near the tip of the pressing
plate. For most conventional ironing
needs, this combination of dry and
steam iron settings should suffice. The
steam generated by a traditional dry
iron may not be overwhelming, but it will loosen wrinkled fibers.

A number of tools fall under the umbrella heading of a steam cleaner,

depending on how they are used. A steam cleaner is a device which
creates gaseous vapour from water through heating. The result is more
commonly called steam, and it can be used on an assortment of surfaces,
 for a variety of applications. Models for home use are typically small, and
resemble including those which are not normally water safe.

ASSINGNMENT # 01

Steam Utilization in Textile Industry

Submitted By:
Waqar Abdullah
07-NTU-103
B(weaving)
6th Semester
Date of Submission:
30-11-2010

National Textile University

Faisalabad