DIODE CIRCUITS

F. Astha Ekadiyanto

Sources:
Millman, Jacob, Grabel, Arvin, Microelectronics,
Mc. Graw Hill Int. Ed., 1994.
Hassul, Michael & Don Zimmerman, Electronic Devices and Circuits,
Convenional Flow Version, Int Ed., Prentice Hall, 1997.
Review: p-n Junction
Volt-Ampere Characteristic of Diode

ID  IS  VD VT

1 A
 = type of semiconductor factor ( for Si = 2, Ge = 1 )
VT = Volt-Equivalent of Temperature = 25 mV (at 293 oK)
ID

VZ IS
VD
V (0.6 - 0.7 for Si)
(0.2 - 0.3 for Ge)
Review: p-n Junction R
Load-line Concept
+ ID
+
ID VAA
VAA _ VD
R _

IDQ Quiscent Point

VDQ VAA VD

 VAA  R.I D  VD  0
VAA  VD  VD
VT 
ID   I D  I S  e  1
R  
Analysis of Diode Circuit: ID
Ideal Diode Approach + _
VD
Reverse ID Forward/Active

VD

K
A
Diode Circuit:

Simple diode circuit analysis

+5V +9V

10K 1K
1K 10K

-5V -9V
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Diode Circuit:

Simple diode circuit analysis

+10V

Q: V12 = ….. ? (D = ON/OFF ?)

R1 R3 4K Assumption that Diode is OFF

2K
R2 2K
V1  10  10  5V
V1 V2 R1  R2 2K  2K
D
R4 6K
2K R2 R4 6K V2  10  10  6V
R3  R4 4K  6K

V12  V1  V2  5  6  1V  0
Diode is CORRECTLY OFF!
Diode Circuit:

A LOGIC GATE
VI VO
+5V
+6V +5V
0V 0V
RS

0V
+6V
VI VO
D1
RL
Diode Circuit:

A LOGIC GATE
VB VA VO
+5V
+6V +6V +5V
0V +6V 0V
RS +6V 0V 0V
D1 0V 0V 0V
+6V
VA VO

RL
VB
+6V
D2
Diode Circuit:

Clipping Circuit
R1
Vi
Vo
20V
D 20V
+
10V

10V
Diode Circuit:

Clipping Circuit
R1
Vi
Vo
20V
D 20V
+

10V -10V
Diode Circuit:

Clipping Circuit
R1
Vi
Vo
20V
D1 D2 20V
+
10V

-10V
10V 10V
Diode Circuit:
Diodes as Rectifiers
(Half Wave Rect.)
Vo

RL

0 Vm sin  d  2  cos 0  

1 Vm  Vm
VDC 
2
Diode Circuit:
Diodes as Rectifiers
(Full Wave Rect.)
D1

Vo

RL

D2


0 Vm sin  d  2  cos 0  

1 2Vm  2Vm
VDC 2
2
Diode Circuit:
Diodes as Rectifiers
(Full Wave Rect.)

Vo

D1 D2

D3 D4

RL
2Vm
VDC 

Diode Circuit:
Diodes as Rectifiers
(Full Wave Rect. + Filter)
Vo

D1 D2

D3 D4

RL
C VDC  Vm
Diode Circuit:
Diodes as Rectifiers
(Voltage Regulator Concept)

Vr (rms)
%r  %ripple factor  100
VDC
Vr = Ripple Voltage (RMS),
VDC = DC Output Voltage

VNL  VFL
%VR  %Voltage Re gulation  100
VFL
VNL = DC Voltage at no-load
VFL = DC Voltage at full-load
Diode Circuit:

Vi Peak Detectors

C R

VO
Diode Circuit:

Vi AM Demodulator

C R
Vo
Diode Circuit:

Voltage Doubler
2VSP

_
Vi +
VO = 2 VSP
C1 D2
VSP
+ +
D1 _
C2
Diode Circuit:

Flyback
+Vs +Vs +Vs

i i=0
+ _
VC

v L L L
v

_ + t
VSW
D +
SW SW SW _
C
t
Diode Circuit:

Flyback Prevention
+Vs +Vs
i
_
+ i
L L
D D
_
+

SW SW
Analysis of Diode Circuits:
Large-Signal Model
(Piecewise Linear Approach)

ID ID=(VD-V )/RF

1/Rf

VZ IS
VD
1/Rr V

ID=(VD/RR) - IS
Analysis of Diode Circuits:
Large-Signal Model (Piecewise Linear)

A A
A A
Rf Rr
IS

V
K K
K K
ID=(VD-V )/RF ID=(VD/RR) - IS
Forward-Biased Diode Reversed-Biased Diode
(On) (Off)
Analysis of Diode Circuits:
Characteristic Transfer Curve Method
R1
vo
Vo

D 20V
+ 1/Rf
10V

vi
10V

1/Rr

Vi
20V
 Analysis of Diode Circuits:
Using PWL & Characteristic Transfer Curve
Solve For:
vi

D1 5K
vO
10

t 5K D2
+

-10
5V 5V