ENT300 FinePlanner

FinePlanner
Complimentary Edition
FINANCIAL PLAN
FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES
©2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab, Malaysian Entrepreneurship Development Centre (MEDEC), Universiti Teknologi MARA
Name of Business/Company USER'S GUIDE

….Please type your company's name here….. FORECASTING
Select Language/Pilih Bahasa Form of Business Capital Expenditure Projections
Pre-Operating and Working Capital Projections
English Private Limited Company Sales and Purchase Projections
Malay Sole-Proprietorship/Others Forecasted Project Cost and Financing
SUMMARY AND SCHEDULES
Planning Period Nature of Business
Project Cost and Sources of Finance Summary
3 Years Manufacturing Fixed Assets and Depreciation Schedules
Loan Amortization Schedule
5 Years Trading/Distribution
Service FINANCIAL REPORTS
Pro-forma Cash Flow Statement
Start Year of Projection Start Month of Projection Pro-forma Income Statement
January Pro-forma Balance Sheet
February Financial Performance
March
April
May
June
July BRIEF REPORTS
August
Total Project Cost September Cash Balance Time to Break-Even
Sources of Financing October Income Paybak Period for Start-Up Fund
November
Monthly Loan Payment Total Assets & Liabilities Internal Rate of Return
December
Monthly Hire-Purchase Payment Total Owners' Equity
ANCIAL PLAN
Entrepreneurship Development Centre (MEDEC), Universiti Teknologi MARA
USER'S GUIDE
Capital Expenditure Projections

Pre-Operating and Working Capital Projections
Sales and Purchase Projections
Forecasted Project Cost and Financing
Project Cost and Sources of Finance Summary

Fixed Assets and Depreciation Schedules
BRIEF REPORTS
Time to Break-Even
Paybak Period for Start-Up Fund
Internal Rate of Return
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE PROJECTION
Anggaran Perbelanjaan Aset Tetap
….Please type your company's name here…..
Capital Expenditure
Types of Fixed Assets Estimated Cost (RM)
Administrative/Organisation
Land & Building 100,000
Sales/Marketing
Operations/Technical
Total 100,000
Depreciation method
Straight line
Fi
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URE PROJECTION
aan Aset Tetap
Estimated Economic Life

(years)
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Main Menu
© 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM
PRE-OPERATING & WORKING CAPITAL
Pra-Operasi & Modal Kerja

Pre-Operating & Working Capital Projections
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Costs (one-off)
Development cost
Business incorporation
Deposit (rent, utilities, etc.)
Other pre-operating & incorporation costs
Sales & Marketing Costs (monthly)
marketing and sales
General & Administrative Costs (monthly)

salary
kwsp
socso
Operations & Technical Costs (monthly)

Purchase of Raw Materials/Goods
Carriage Inwards
Salaries, Wages, EPF & SOCSO
Other Expenditure (annually)
Total Pre-Operations & Working Capital Expenditure

Annual Increase in Working Capital (if any)
Year 2
Year 3
Tax Rates
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Fi © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC
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KING CAPITAL
asi & Modal Kerja
RM
100
500
600
0%
0%
0%
0%
25%
25%
25%
25%
25%
Main Menu

SALES & PURCHASES
Jualan & Bellian
Sales & Purchase Projections
Sales Projections RM Purchase Projections

January 2018 50,000 January 2018
February 2018 700 February 2018
March 2018 8,000 March 2018
April 2018 300 April 2018
May 2018 550,000 May 2018
June 2018 6,000 June 2018
July 2018 90 July 2018
August 2018 90 August 2018
September 2018 70 September 2018
October 2018 1 October 2018
November 2018 2 November 2018
December 2018 3 December 2018
Total 2018 615,256 Total 2018
Total 2019 Total 2019
Total 2020 Total 2020
Sales Collections Purchase Payments

In the month of sales 100% In the month of purchase
One month after sales 0% One month after purchase
Two months after sales 0% Two months after purchase
Ending Inventory of Raw Materials RM Ending Inventory of Finished Goods

End of 2018 End of 2018
same dgn purchases
Fi © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MED
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RM
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
100%
0%
0%
RM
Main Menu

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION COST
Kos Pelaksanaan Projek

Project Implementation Cost
Capital Expenditure Cost Sources of Financing

0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Working Capital 1 months
Sales & Marketing Costs (monthly) -
General & Administrative Costs (monthly) -
Operations & Technical Costs (monthly) -
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Costs (one-off) 600
Other Expenditure (annually) -
Provision for Contingencies 0% 0
TOTAL 100,600
Main Menu
F © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM
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Complimentary Edition SOURCESSumber
OF PROJECT FINANCING
Pembiayaan Projek
Sources of Project Financing
Own Contributions
Capital Expenditure Cost Loan
Cash Existing F. Assets
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Working Capital
Sales & Marketing Costs (monthly) 0 -
General & Administrative Costs (monthly) 0 -
Operations & Technical Costs (monthly) 0 -
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Costs (one-off) 600 600
Other Expenditure (annually) 0 -
Provision for Contingencies 0 -
TOTAL 100,600 0 0 600
Proposed Terms of Loan (if required) Proposed Terms of Hire-Purchase (if required)
Interest rate 5% Interest rate 5%

Loan tenure (years) 10 Tenure (years) 5
Main Menu
FinePlanner © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab M

PROJECT FINANCING
Hire-Purchase
0
LOAN AMORTIZATION & HIR
Jadual Bayaran Balik Pinj
LOAN AMORTIZATION SCHEDULE
Amount (RM) 600
Interest Rate 5%
Duration (yrs) 10
Method Annual Rest
Instalment Payments
Year
Principal Interest Annual Payments
0 - - -
1 48 30 78
2 50 28 78
3 53 25 78
4 55 22 78
5 58 20 78
6 61 17 78
7 64 14 78
8 67 11 78
9 70 7 78
10 74 4 78
11 0 (0) 0
12 0 (0) 0
13 0 (0) 0
14 0 (0) 0
15 0 (0) 0
16 0 (0) 0
17 0 (0) 0
18 0 (0) 0
19 0 (0) 0
20 0 (0) 0
FinePlanner
RTIZATION & HIRE-PURCHASE SCHEDULES
Jadual Bayaran Balik Pinjaman & Sewa-Beli
CHEDULE HIRE-PURCHASE REPAYMENT SCHEDULE
Amount (RM) 0
Interest Rate 5%
Duration (yrs) 5
Bayaran Ansuran
Principal Balance Tahun
Pokok Faedah BayaranTahunan
600 0 - - -
552 1 - - -
502 2 - - -
450 3 - - -
394 4 - - -
336 5 - - -
276 6 - - -
212 7 - - -
144 8 - - -
74 9 - - -
(0) 10 - - -
(0) 11 - - -
(0) 12 - - -
(0) 13 - - -
(0) 14 - - -
(0) 15 - - -
(0) 16 - - -
(0) 17 - - -
(0) 18 - - -
(0) 19 - - -
(0) 20 - - -
DULES
HEDULE
Baki Pokok
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Main Menu
Complimentary Edition DEPRECIATION OF FIXED
Susutnilai Aset Tetap
Type of Fixed Asset 0
Cost (RM) 0
Depreciation Method Straight Line
Economic Life (yrs) 5
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
Depreciation Depreciation
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -
FinePlan
ON OF FIXED ASSETS
utnilai Aset Tetap

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -
Main Menu

PVIFA= 0.6139
7.7217349292
Loan amt Principal Int annual paymBalance

1 600 48 30 78 552.30
2 50 28 78 502.21
3 53 25 78 449.62
4 55 22 78 394.40
5 58 20 78 336
6 61 17 78 276
7 64 14 78 212
8 67 11 78 144
9 70 7 78 74
10 74 4 78 -
11 0 (0) 0 -
12 0 (0) 0 -
13 0 (0) 0 -
14 0 (0) 0 -
15 0 (0) 0 -
16 0 (0) 0 -
17 0 (0) 0 -
18 0 (0) 0 -
19 0 (0) 0 -
20 0 (0) 0 -
177 777 954.05


MONTH Pre-Operations January February
CASH INFLOW
0
Capital (Cash)
Loan 600
Cash Sales 50,000 700
Collection of Accounts Receivable 0 0
TOTAL CASH RECEIPT 600 50,000 700
CASH OUTFLOW
Pre-operating & Incorporation Expenditure 600

Sales & Marketing Expenditure 0 0
General & Administrative Expenditure 0 0
Operations & Technical Expenditure 0 0
Other Expenditure 0
Purchase of Fixed Assets 0
Hire-Purchase Repayment:
Principal 0 0
Interest 0 0
Loan Repayment:
Principal 4 4
Interest 3 3
Tax Payable 0 0
TOTAL CASH OUTFLOW 600 6 6
CASH SURPLUS (DEFICIT) 0 49,994 694
BEGINNING CASH BALANCE 0 49,994
ENDING CASH BALANCE 0 49,994 50,687
FinePlan
PRO-FORM
2018 MONTHLY CASH FLOW
March April May June July
8,000 300 550,000 6,000 90

0 0 0 0 0
8,000 300 550,000 6,000 90
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
4 4 4 4 4
3 3 3 3 3
0 0 0 0 0
6 6 6 6 6
7,994 294 549,994 5,994 84
50,687 58,681 58,974 608,968 614,961
58,681 58,974 608,968 614,961 615,045
PRO-FORMA CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Aliran Tunai Pro-forma
August September October November December
90 70 1 2 3
0 0 0 0 0
90 70 1 2 3
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
4 4 4 4 4
3 3 3 3 3
0 0 0 0 153,782
6 6 6 6 153,788
84 64 (5) (4) (153,785)
615,045 615,128 615,192 615,186 615,182
615,128 615,192 615,186 615,182 461,397
EMENT
2018 2019 2020
0 0 0
600 0 0
615,256 0 0
0 0 0
615,856 0 0 0 0
600
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 - -
0 - -
0
0 - -
0 - -
48 50 53
30 28 25
153,782 0 0
154,459 78 78 0 0
461,397 (78) (78) 0
0 461,397 461,319
461,397 461,319 461,241
PRO-FORMA INCOME STATEMENT

Penyata Pendapatan Pro-forma
Pro-forma Income Statement
Years 2018 2019 2020
Sales 615,256 0 0
Less: Cost of Sales (Notes 1 & 2) 0 0 0 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Gross Profit 615,256 0 0 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Less: Expenditure
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Expenditure 100
General & Administrative Expenditure 0 0 0 0 0
Sales & Marketing Expenditure 0 0 0 0 0
Other Expenditure 0 0 0
Interest on Hire-Purchase 0 0 0
Interest on Loan 30 28 25
Depreciation of Fixed Assets 0 0 0
Total Expenditure 130 28 25
Net Income Before Tax 615,126 (28) (25) #VALUE! #VALUE!
Tax 153,782 0 0 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Net Income After Tax 461,345 (28) (25) #VALUE! #VALUE!
Accumulated Net Income 461,345 461,317 461,292 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Note 1
Cost of Sales
Opening Inventory of Finished Goods 0 0 0
Add: Total Production Cost (Note 2) 0 0 0
0
Less: Ending Inventory 0 0 0
0 0 0 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Note 2
Raw Materials 0 0 0
Opening Inventory 0 0 0
Add: Current Year Purchases 0 0 0 0 0
Add: Carriage Inwards 0 0 0 2020
Less: Ending Inventory 0 0 0
2019
2018
(500,000) - 5
PRO-FORMA BALANCE SHEET

Kunci Kira-Kira Pro-forma
Pro-forma Balance Sheet
2018 2019 2020 Main Menu
ASSETS Pro-forma Cash Flow
Non-Current Assets (Book Value) Pro-forma Income S

Land & Building 100,000 100,000 100,000 Pro-forma Balance
Other Fixed Assets - - - Financial Perform
Other Assets
Deposit 500 500 500
SUMMARY
100,500 100,500 100,500 0 0
Current Assets 2018
Inventory of Raw Materials 0 0 0 2019
Inventory of Finished Goods 0 0 0 2020
Accounts Receivable 0 0 0
Cash Balance 461,397 461,319 461,241
461,397 461,319 461,241 0 0
TOTAL ASSETS 561,897 561,819 561,741 0 0 2013
Owners' Equity
Capital 0 0 2012
0
Accumulated Income 461,345 461,317 461,292 #VALUE! #VALUE!
461,345 461,317 461,292 #VALUE! #VALUE!
2011
Long-Term Liabilities
Loan Balance 552 502 450
2010
2013
2012
2011
Hire-Purchase Balance 0 0 0 #VALUE! #VALUE! 2010

552 502 450 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable 0 0 0 2009
TOTAL EQUITY & LIABILITIES 461,897 461,819 461,741 #VALUE! #VALUE! 0 100000200000300000400000500
FinePlanner
Complimentary Edition FINANCIAL P
Prestas
Financial Ratio Analysis 2018
LIQUIDITY
Current Ratio NA
Quick Ratio (Acid Test) NA
EFFICIENCY
Receivable Turnover NA
Inventory Turnover #DIV/0!
PROFITABILITY
Gross Profit Margin 100.00%
Net Profit Margin 74.98%
Return on Assets 82.10%
Return on Equity 100.00%
SOLVENCY
Debt to Equity 0.12%
Debt to Assets 0.10%
Time Interest Earned 20,503
Break-even Analysis 2018

Total projected sales(RM) 615,256
Total variable costs (cost of sales) -
Contribution margin 615,256
Contribution margin ratio 100%
Fixed costs 130
Total costs 130
Net Profit 615,126
Break-even sales 130
Percentage of break-even to sales 0%
Current Ratio
10
9
8
7
6
Current Ratio
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Receivable Turnover
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Gross Profit Margin

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Return on Assets
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
Return on Assets
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
-10% 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Debt to Equity
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Time
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
2018 2019
-5000
FinePlanner
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Prestasi Kewangan
..
2019 2020 2021 2022

Main Menu
NA NA #VALUE! #VALUE! Pro-forma Income Statement
NA NA #VALUE! #VALUE! Pro-forma Balance Sheet
Financial Performance
NA NA #VALUE! #VALUE!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #VALUE! #VALUE!
PAYBACK PERIOD FOR

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #VALUE! #VALUE! START-UP FUND
0.00% 0.00% #VALUE! #VALUE! Less than 1 year
-0.01% -0.01% #VALUE! #VALUE!
0.11% 0.10% #VALUE! #VALUE!

0.09% 0.08% #VALUE! #VALUE!
(2) (2) #VALUE! #VALUE! INTERNAL RATE OF
RETURN (IRR)
2019 2020
359%
- -
- - #VALUE! #VALUE!
- - #VALUE! #VALUE!
28 25
28 25 #VALUE! #VALUE! TIME TO BREAK-EVEN
(28) (25) #VALUE! #VALUE!
Less than 1 year
Ratio Quick Ratio (Acid Test)

10
9
8
7
6
Ratio Quick Ratio (Acid Test)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2021 2022 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
urnover Inventory Turnover

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2021 2022 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Margin Net Profit Margin

80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2021 2022 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Assets Return on Equity

100%
80%
60%
Assets Return on Equity
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
2021 2022 -20%
quity Debt to Assets

0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
2021 2022 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Time Interest Earned

25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
-5000

2018 2019
Current Ratio NA NA
2018 2019
Quick Ratio (Acid Test) NA NA
2018 2019
Receivable Turnover NA NA
2018 2019
Inventory Turnover #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
2018 2019
Gross Profit Margin 100% #DIV/0!
2018 2019
Net Profit Margin 75% #DIV/0!
2018 2019
Return on Assets 82% 0%
2018 2019
Return on Equity 100% 0%
2018 2019
Debt to Equity 0% 0%
2018 2019
Debt to Assets 0% 0%
2018 2019
Time Interest Earned 20503 -2
2022
2022
2022
2022
mail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

2020 2021 2022
NA #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022

NA #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022

NA #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022

#DIV/0! #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022

2020 2021 2022

2020 2021 2022

0% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022

0% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022
0% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022

0% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2020 2021 2022

-2 #VALUE! #VALUE!
BRIEF REPORT
TIME TO BREAK-EVEN
Less than 1 year

Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
PAYBACK PERIOD FOR START-UP FUND
Less than 1 year

Back to Main Menu

\
BRIEF REPORT
INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)
359%
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BRIEF REPORT
TOTAL PROJECT COST
RM
Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
TOTAL PROJECT COST
100,600
Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
SOURCES OF FINANCING
Cash
Existing F. Assets
Loan
Hire-Purchase
Total
Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
SOURCES OF FINANCING
RM0
RM0
RM600
RM0
RM600
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09 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
CASH BALANCE
2018 RM
2019 RM
2020 RM
Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
CASH BALANCE
461,397
-78
-78
Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
NET INCOME BEFORE TAX
2018 RM
2019 RM
2020 RM
Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
T INCOME BEFORE TAX
615,126
-28
-25
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Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
OWNERS' EQUITY (ACCUMULATED)
2018 RM
2019 RM
2020 RM
Back to Main Menu

BRIEF REPORT
NERS' EQUITY (ACCUMULATED)
461,345
461,317
461,292
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2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
TOTAL ASSETS & LIABILITIES (ACCUMULATE
ASSETS
2018 RM 561,897
2019 RM 561,819
2020 RM 561,741
Back to Main Menu

F REPORT
BILITIES (ACCUMULATED)
LIABILITIES
RM 552
RM 502
RM 450
Main Menu
.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
ESTIMATED MONTHLY LOAN PAYMENT
RM 6
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BRIEF REPORT
D MONTHLY LOAN PAYMENT
per month
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mail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
ESTIMATED MONTHLY HIRE-PURCHASE PA
RM 0
Back to Main Menu

EF REPORT
LY HIRE-PURCHASE PAYMENT
per month
to Main Menu
Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

FinePlan
FINANCIAL PLANNING PACKAGE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES
PROF. MADYA DR. ISMAIL AB.WAHAB, MALAYSIAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT CENTRE (MEDEC),
FACULTY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, SHAH ALAM, SELANGO R
FinePlanner is an MS Excel-based financial planning package for generating comp

professional and presentable financial projections for start-up entrepreneurs and
Based on market survey and assumptions, FinePlanner generates cash flow, incom
sheet forecasts for up to five years ahead. It makes it suitable for managers and e
knowledge in finance and accounting and who have no previous experience in fin
planning.
Objective
FinePlanner is a tool that can assist small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in the
professional, comprehensive and presentable financial projections for business st
Novelty
Dual language: English and Malay Generate comprehensive and presentable finan
years
Suitable for businesses engaged in manufacturing, trading or services
Suitable for incorporated or unincorporated businesses
Suitable for all levels of existing and potential entrepreneurs: students & graduate
corporate entrepreneurs, rural entrepreneurs, agro entrepreneurs, etc.
USER 'S GUIDE
FinePlan
FINANCIAL PLANNING PACKAGE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES
PROF. MADYA DR. ISMAIL AB.WAHAB, MALAYSIAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT CENTRE (MEDEC),
FACULTY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR
FinePlanner is an MS Excel-based financial planning package for generating comprehensive, highly

professional and presentable financial projections for start-up entrepreneurs and small business operators.
Based on market survey and assumptions, FinePlanner generates cash flow, income statement and balance
sheet forecasts for up to five years ahead. It makes it suitable for managers and entrepreneurs with minimal
knowledge in finance and accounting and who have no previous experience in financial or business
planning.
Objective
FinePlanner is a tool that can assist small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in the preparation of
professional, comprehensive and presentable financial projections for business start-up and expansion.
Novelty
Dual language: English and Malay Generate comprehensive and presentable financial projection up to five
years
Suitable for businesses engaged in manufacturing, trading or services
Suitable for incorporated or unincorporated businesses
Suitable for all levels of existing and potential entrepreneurs: students & graduates entrepreneurs,
corporate entrepreneurs, rural entrepreneurs, agro entrepreneurs, etc.
Getting Started
Before you start the planning process, select the language by clicking “English” or “Malay” buttons planning period.
v Select the planning period (3 or 5 years).
v Choose first year of planning period and first month of planning period.
v Select the legal form of business (private limited company or sole-proprietorship and others)
v Select nature of business (manufacturing, trading/distribution or service)
Financial Forecasting
v Click Capital expenditure projections menu for entering the projected cost of each fixed assets required for th
business. Please key in the cost of new fixed assets and/or the market value for existing fixed assets (if any
Determine the number of years of economic or productive life for each asset (except land & building). The econom
life of an asset refers to the period (normally expressed in number of years) whereby the asset can be economica
used i.e. without much maintenance or breakdowns.
v Next, select the depreciation method for all assets. The recommended method for calculating depreciation
either straight-line or declining balance. The simplest and most commonly used is straight line method. It is calculate
by taking the purchase or acquisition price of an asset subtracted by the salvage value divided by the total producti
years the asset can be reasonably expected to benefit the company [called “useful life” in accounting jargon]. F
planning purposes, the salvage value can be zero. The declining method of depreciation accelerates depreciatio
faster than the straight-line method because it bases each year's depreciation on the assets’ previous-year net bo
value.
v Go back to the main menu.
Projection of Pre-operating and Working Capital Expenditure
v First, determine the pre-operating and incorporation costs. The pre-operating cost can includes busine
registration and licences, legal fees , stamp duties etc.
v Next, estimate the sales and marketing costs, general and administrative costs, and operations an
technical costs. These costs are incurred every month and are generally known as working capital. Other cos
which are not paid monthly but are incurred every year can be included under other expenditure (annually) catego
such as payment of road tax and insurance for motor vehicles, licences etc.
v Estimate the increment rate for working capital expenditure (if any). Next, choose the current and estimated rate
of corporate taxation from the list. The system will only calculate the amount of tax for private limited company.
Projections for Sales and Purchases
v Fill in the sales projections table. Sales (or revenues) refers to the sales forecast derived from the
marketing plan. It is the total of forecasted cash and credit sales for each year throughout the planned
period. Sales are to be forested monthly (first planning year) and annually (after first year).
v The amount of monthly purchases in the purchase Projections table should be equal to the amoun
of purchases that have been projected in the working capital section under operations and technical
costs category.
v If there some credit sales or purchases, choose the percentage of credit sales collections and cred
purchase payments in the columns provided.
v Next, estimate the ending inventory of raw materials and finished goods (for manufacturing
businesses only). For trading and distribution businesses, the ending inventory figures are to be entered
in the ending inventory of finished goods column only. It is assumed that there is no ending inventory
for businesses involved in service industry. If your businesses are involved in both trading and service
activities, please select trading/distribution category under nature of business in the main menu.
Project Costs and Financing

v The project cost is the total cost of implementation of the proposed project. The project cost
schedule incorporates both long and short terms expenditure needed to start the business. The
components of this schedule include capital expenditure, working capital, pre-operating and incorporatio
costs, other expenditure and provision for contingency.
v The sources of financing schedule shows various sources of finance available to fund the business
These could be internal and external sources of finance. The internal sources of finance include equity
contributions in cash and/or existing assets. External sources may include term loan and hire purchase
For planning purposes, other sources such as grants and money borrowed from individuals should be
considered as own cash contributions. For each asset and working capital required, p lease choose the
type of financing from the list provided in the sources of financing column.
v The amount of working capital is dependent upon the period until the business can generate enoug
sales to cover its short-term expenditure. Therefore, the amount of working capital needed could be in
the range of one to six months. Please select the number of months from the list provided in relevant
column.
v The final component of the project cost is provision for contingency. This cost is added to the total cost of th
other four components based on a certain percentage (usually between 5 to 10 percent). The reason for includin
contingency cost in the project implementation cost schedule is to take care of any variance of the actual from th
budgeted expenditure. For example, if the cost of materials increases during the planned period, the firm can utili
this fund to cover the extra cost without having to search for new funding.
This section presents the supporting schedules relating to the information that have been provided in the forecasting sectio
The schedules are project cost and sources of funds summary, fixed assets and depreciation schedules, and loan amortizatio
schedule.
REPORTS AND ANALYSIS
This section presents the pro-forma financial statements and analysis of the financial performance and position of the propose
project.
Pro-forma cash flow statement
v Pro forma cash flow statement refers to the projected statement of cash inflows and outflows throughout the planne
period. Under normal circumstances, the pro forma cash flow statement is prepared between three to five consecutive yea
with monthly details for the first year. The pro forma cash flow statement shows the following information:
· Cash inflows – the projected amount of cash flowing into the company.
· Cash outflows – the projected amount of cash flowing out of the company.
· Cash deficit or surplus – the difference between cash inflows and cash outflows.
· Cash position – the beginning and ending cash balances for a particular period.
Pro-forma Income Statement
v The pro forma income statement shows the expected profit for the planned period. The statement shows the
following information:
· Gross profit
· Net profit
v Gross profit is the gross margin realised after deducting the cost of goods sold from sales. It represents the
amount of profit before deducting other operating expenditure such as administration expenditure, marketing
expenditure, operations expenditure (for a trading entity), interest charges, depreciation charges on fixed assets
(except for a manufacturing concern) and other miscellaneous expenditure incurred throughout the year in order
to obtain the net profit before tax.
Pro-forma Balance Sheet
v While the pro forma income statement shows the financial performance of the company for the planned
period, the pro forma balance sheet shows the financial position of the company at a specific point in time in
terms of assets owned and how those assets are financed. The pro forma balance sheet is prepared for a period o
three years.
v The general elements of the pro forma balance sheet include:

· assets
· owner’s equity
· liabilities
v Assets are the economic resources of a business that are expected to be of benefit in the future. Assets
reported in the balance sheet are generally categorised into two categories: non-current and current assets.
v Non-current assets include fixed assets and other assets that are owned and usually held to produce product
or services. These assets are not intended for sale in the short term. Examples: property, plant, machinery,
equipment, vehicles, major renovations and long-term investments. For fixed assets, the values shown in the
balance sheet are the book value i.e. the original cost less the accumulated depreciation.
v Current assets are short-term assets that can be converted into cash within a year. Examples: cash, inventorie
(raw materials, work-in-process and/or finished goods), receivables and other short-term investments.
v Owners’ equity refers to capital contributions from the owners or shareholders in terms of cash or assets plus
the accumulated amount of net income. However, if the business suffers a loss, the amount of loss will be
deducted from the capital contributions.
v Liabilities are the amounts owed by the business to outsiders. They are categorised as non-current (long-term
and current liabilities.
v Non-current or long-term liabilities refer to the long-term obligations of the business that mature in a period
of more than one year. They usually include long-term loans as well as hire purchase.
v Current liabilities refer to the short-term obligations of the business that mature within a period of less than a
year. The most common forms of current liabilities are accounts payable and accrued payments
Financial Analysis
v Financial analysis is a technique of examining financial statements to help the entrepreneur analyse the
financial position and performance of the business.
v Financial analysis involves two basic steps: generating the information from the financial statements and
interpreting the results.
v The most common form of financial analysis is “ratio analysis”.
v Financial ratios are normally used to compare figures from the financial statement with other figures, so that
the true meaning of financial pictures can be obtained.
v There are various financial ratios that the entrepreneur can look at. However, the most commonly considered
ratios in small business decision-making fall into four categories: liquidity, efficiency, profitability and solvency.
v Liquidity Ratio: The term liquidity refers to the availability of liquid assets to meet short-term obligations. Thus, liquidi
ratios measure the ability of the business to pay its monthly bills.The most widely used liquidity ratios are current ratio and qui
ratio. Current ratio can be determined by dividing total current assets by total current liabilities. Generally, this ratio shows th
business’ ability to generate cash to meet its short-term obligations. Quick ratio, also known as the acid test ratio, measures t
extent to which current liabilities are covered by liquid assets. To determine quick ratio, the calculation of liquid assets does n
take into account inventrories since it is sometimes difficult to convert them into cash quickly.
v The efficiency ratios measure how efficient the business uses its assets to generate sales. The most widely used efficien
ratio for planning purposes is inventory turnover ratio. Inventory turnover (or stock turnover) measures the number of tim
inventories have been converted into sales and indicates how liquid the inventory is. All other things being equal, the higher th
turnover figure, the more liquid the business is. This ratio divides the cost of sales (or cost of goods sold) by the average value
inventory. The average value of inventory is derived by adding the opening and closing balance of and dividing the total by two
v Profitability ratios are important indicators of the business’ financial performance. Investors will particularly be interested
these ratios since they measure the performance and growth potential of the business. Some of the commonly use
profitability ratios are gross profit margin, net profit margin, return on assets and return on equity. Gross profit margin give
good indication of financial health of the business. Without an adequate gross margin, the business will be unable to pay
operating and other expenses. Gross profit margin is calculated by dividing the business gross income by sales. Net pro
margin is an indication of how effective the business is at cost control. The higher the net profit margin, the more effective th
business is at converting sales into actual profit. Net profit margin is calculated by dividing the business net income by sale
Return of assets measures the overall return that the business is able to make on its assets. This ratio is derived by dividing th
business net profit by total assets. Return of equity shows what the business has earned on its owners’ investment in th
business. This ratio is derived by dividing the business net profit by total equity.
This final category of ratios i.e. Solvency Ratios, is designed to help the entrepreneur measure the degree of financial risk that
his business faces. By referring to this ratio, the entrepreneur can assess his level of debt and decide whether it is appropriate
for the business. The most commonly used solvency ratios are total debt (liabilities) to equity (also known as leverage or
gearing), total debt to total assets, and times interest earned (also known as interest coverage). The total debt to equity ratio
measures the percentage of the business’ assets financed by creditors relative to the percentage financed by the owners. This
ratio is calculated by dividing the the total debt by total equity. The debt to asset ratio measures the percentage of the
business’ assets financed by creditors relative to the percentage financed by the entrepreneur. This ratio is calculated by dividin
the total debts by total assets. Times interest earned ratio measures the number of times interest expense can be covered by
profit before interest and tax. This ratio is calculated by dividing total inte
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Name of Business/Company USER'S GUIDE

Capital Expenditure Projections

Project Cost and Sources of Finance Summary

Types of Fixed Assets Estimated Cost (RM)

Estimated Economic Life

Pra-Operasi & Modal Kerja

….Please type your company's name here…..

General & Administrative Costs (monthly)

Operations & Technical Costs (monthly)

Other Expenditure (annually)

Total Pre-Operations & Working Capital Expenditure

Fi © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC

© 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

Sales Projections RM Purchase Projections

Sales Collections Purchase Payments

Ending Inventory of Raw Materials RM Ending Inventory of Finished Goods

Fi © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MED

© 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

….Please type your company's name here…..

Capital Expenditure Cost Sources of Financing

F © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

Interest rate 5% Interest rate 5%

FinePlanner © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab M

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

© 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

Loan amt Principal Int annual paymBalance

177 777 954.05

….Please type your company's name here…..

MONTH Pre-Operations January February

TOTAL CASH RECEIPT 600 50,000 700

Pre-operating & Incorporation Expenditure 600

2018 MONTHLY CASH FLOW

March April May June July

8,000 300 550,000 6,000 90

8,000 300 550,000 6,000 90

August September October November December

2018 2019 2020

PRO-FORMA INCOME STATEMENT

PRO-FORMA BALANCE SHEET

Non-Current Assets (Book Value) Pro-forma Income S

TOTAL ASSETS 561,897 561,819 561,741 0 0 2013

Hire-Purchase Balance 0 0 0 #VALUE! #VALUE! 2010

Financial Ratio Analysis 2018

Break-even Analysis 2018

Gross Profit Margin

2019 2020 2021 2022

PAYBACK PERIOD FOR

0.11% 0.10% #VALUE! #VALUE!

Ratio Quick Ratio (Acid Test)

urnover Inventory Turnover

Margin Net Profit Margin

Assets Return on Equity