Grp 4 .

Questions
1) .what is life-cycle cost analysis of a building?
Answer: Is a process of evaluating the economic performance of a building over its entire life.
Sometimes known as “whole cost accounting” or “total cost of ownership,” life-cycle cost
analysis balances initial monetary investment with the long-term expense of owning and
operating the building.
2) How Energy Efficient Approach (EEA) can be used in reduction of life-cycle cost of a
building? Who will use it?
Answer: Cost of energy consumption can be reduced by using renewable sources as well as by
using modern techniques. Solar energy technique has been adopted. Lowest life-cycle cost : is
the most straightforward and easy to interpret measure of economic evaluation. Other commonly
used measures are Net Savings, Savings to Investment Ratio, Internal Rate of Return, and
Payback Period.
It will be used by Building economists, certified value specialists, cost engineers, architects,
quantity surveyors, operations researchers, might use any or several of these techniques to
evaluate a project.
3) Which are Building Envelope Systems and it should be complying with?

Answer

a) Foundation system: Slab on Grade and Crawl Space.

Building Enclosure Integration Strategies: Walls, Floors and Roof/Ceiling/Attic.
b) It should be comply with
➢ Structure system
➢ Insulation and Air Infiltration
➢ Water Management, Drainage, Vapor Diffusion
➢ Interaction with Mechanical Systems

4) What is a house and In order to function as an environmental separator, the elements,

components, assemblies, and sub-systems that comprise a house must be meet with which
specific objectives?

Answer

a) A house is an environmental separator whose function is to separate the inside from the
outside as required by the local environment and the wishes of its occupants.
b) Its specific objective is including the following:
➢ Control of heat flow
➢ Control of airflow
➢ Control of rainwater
 ➢ Control of groundwater

5) What and how are the advantages of Tankless water heaters over the traditional storage
tank water heaters for a number of reasons?

• Energy savings: Tankless water heaters have a higher energy factor compared to tank water
heaters and are, therefore, a more energy-efficient option.

• Space savings: Tankless water heaters are dimensionally smaller and save space compared to
storage tank water heater. This allows for installation in spaces with limited area or in locations
closer to the point of use.

• Longer life expectancy and favorable life cycle costs: The tankless water heater has a life
expectancy of 15 to 20 years compared to a typical 9 years for storage-tank water heaters. When
the replacement of a tank water heater is combined with the lower operating costs, the life-cycle
costs of a tankless water heater are generally lower than a tank-type water heater.

6) Briefly discuss about ways of reducing construction wastes?

ANSWERS

There are a number of ways of working together for reducing construction waste:

✓ Recycling of Construction Materials:

No matter how efficient our use of wood, there will be some waste—cuts-offs from both solid-
sawn lumber and sheathing. Even for the most efficiently framed buildings, wood waste will be
one of the largest components of the new construction waste stream.
✓ Compact Duct Systems
A framing plan can do more than just lay out floor joists. There are opportunities to value-
engineer the floor system and obtain a proper joist count, to ensure that all plumbing is
coordinated with the floor framing, to ensure that all HVAC is coordinated with the floor
framing, and to ensure that the “stack framing” concept is followed on the job site. Most
importantly, all these issues are resolved on paper prior to casting the foundation.
✓ Choose durable materials. Waste can be prevented and money saved over the life of a structure
by designing buildings that are energy efficient and last longer.

✓ Consider long range goals for the structure and work with the architect to create a design that is
adaptable for future needs.

✓ Request that designs include space for storage and separation of materials, recycling, or
composting
7) Air Distribution Systems is one of the ways to achieve energy saving for advanced residential
building. What are the requirements to be applied in design of duct system to achieve a
30%whole –house energy reduction?

ANSWERS

• Ductwork should be located within the thermal envelope of the house; in some climate zones
they may be buried in attic insulation.
• Ducts should not be located in exterior walls.
• Ducts must be air-sealed using UL 181-approved mastic or equivalent for the particular duct
type
• “Panning” between joists and the use of stud cavities for supply or return air is not
recommended.
• Ducts may be of galvanized sheet metal, duct board, or flex duct.
• There must be continuity of the vapor barrier on insulated ducts not running inside conditioned
spaces. Sometimes duct systems need to run in unconditioned spaces.