WORD CHOISE

I. Many / Few
+ Used for count nouns.
Ex: I have many houses.
+ Followed by plural nouns.
Ex: He has many wifes/wives.
*Note:
A few Few
Positive meaning Negative meaning
Nghĩa tốt Nghĩa xấu
Ex:
_ I have a few cookies. ( Tôi còn một ít bánh quy bạn cứ việc ăn )
_ I have few cookies. ( Tôi còn một ít bánh quy thôi bạn đừng ăn )

II. Much / Little

+ Used for uncount nouns.
Ex:
_ He doesn’t have much time.
_ I don’t have much money.
_There’s too much noise in Sai Gon.
*Note:
A little Little
( một ít ) ( ít )
Positive meaning Negative meaning
Ex:
_ I have a little milk in the bottle.
_I have little milk in the bottle.

III. Some / Any

Note:
1. Some:
_ luggage ( u ): hành lý
+ Used in affirmative and questions.
_ suitcase ( c ): vali
Ex:
_ They have some cars.
_ Are there some women in the kitchen?
_ I need some help.
Note:
_ Can I have some help?
_ Khi muốn nói “còn lại” thì vẫn
….…………… dùng “có” (have/has…) nhưng ở
+ Used for count nouns and uncount cuối có từ “left”.
nouns.

2. Any: Note:
+ Used in negative and questions. _ I don’t do anything.
Ex: = I don’t do nothing. (slang)
_ I don’t have any friends. = I ain’t do nothing.
_ Are there any letters for me?
_ I don’t have any luggage. ain’t = don’t, be not, didn’t, haven’t
….……………..
+ Used for count nouns and uncount nouns.

IV. So … (that) / Such…(that)

1. So … (that) ( quá … đến nỗi / quá … cho nên )
_ Formation: So + adj ( có thể + noun trong trường hợp đặc biệt )
Ex:
_ This street is so long.
Note:
_ She is so tall.
Make SB to do ST : bắt ai đó làm
_ Today, I’m so exhauted. việc gì
_ The shelf is so tall that I couldn’t reach it.
2. Such … (that) ( quả là … tới nỗi )
_ Such + a/an +(adj) + noun
Ex:
_ She is such a gorgeous girl.
_ This is such a good book.
_ Today is such a hot day.
_ Yesterday was such a cold day that I had to wear a coat.

V. Too / Enough
1. Too … ( to ) ( quá … (cho nên không thể) )
Ex:
_ This coffee is (much) too hot (for me) to drink.
2. Enough ( đủ ) Note:
* Adj + enough ( to… ) * Adj + enough (for O)
+ to V
Ex: * Enough + noun
(để mà)
_ I’m tall enough to play basketball.
_ She isn’t rich enough to buy 10 houses. Ex:
….…… _ Do you have enough time to talk
* Enough + noun to me a minute (a moment) ?

Ex: _ There aren’t enough chairs for

students to sit.
_ There isn’t enough money.
_ I bought enough soft drinks for
_ There aren’t enough students in class. everyone to drink.
_ She doesn’t have enough money to give
beggars.
_ Are there enough chairs in class ?
VI. No / None
1. No
* No ( count noun ) => plural
* No ( uncount noun ) => singular
Ex:
_ I have no money.
_ I have no time.
_ There is no ink in the printer. Note:
_ There are no chairs in this room. _ None / Nothing (pronoun)
_ I have no idea = I don’t know. _ … (n) : khoanh “no”
_ I have no acquaintances in Sai Gon. _ … (adj) : khoanh “not”
2. None
* Used individually ( dùng một mình )
Ex: Noting examples:
_ Yesterday, I went to my parents’ house. A: Do you B: I don’t have money.
There is none there. have money ?
B: I have no money.
_ Last week, I bought 10 pens. B: I have none.
There is none left.
_ 10 years ago, my dad bought 2 houses.
None is mine.

VII. Ever / Never

1. Ever ( đã từng, có bao giờ )
* Used in positive statements and questions.
Quá khứ Hiện tại Tương lai
*

Ex:
_ Have you ever had girlfriends / a girlfriend ?
_ Have you ever seen ghosts ?
_ Richard is the most handsome guy I have ever met.

2. Never ( chưa từng, chưa bao giờ )

* Used in negative statements.
Note:
Quá khứ Hiện tại Tương lai
“Fish” ở dạng đếm được nhưng
* vẫn giữ nguyên mẫu vì “fish” là
trường hợp đặc biệt.

Ex:
_ I have never eaten fish.
_ I have never eaten any dishes (meal) as awful as this dish.
_ I have never lie to anyone in my life.
VIII. Most / Almost / The most
1. Most ( đa số )
* Before noun
Ex:
_ Most cars of mine are well - operated.
_ Most students here are good.
* Most of the … (always subject) (uncount noun)
Ex:
_ I don’t like most of students here.
_ I really like most of the time I’m here.
_ Most of the money I earn is from gambling.
2. The most ( nhất )
* Used in superlative (so sánh nhất)
Ex:
_ I like Mr.Richard ( the ) most.
3. Almost ( hầu hết )
* Sau “Almost” phải có determiners hoặc quantifiers. 1. Adv + adj
* Almost = Nearly = Not quite = Not completely. 2. V+ adv
* Almost (adv) nhưng với “almost” chỉ có tính chất 1.
Ex:
_ This glass is almost empty.
S (be) adv adj
IX. Neither / Either / Both
1. Neither ( Nor ) / Not … either (cũng không)

Ex: Ex:
# I don’t know him. # I’m not thief ( he’s not / he isn’t )
_ Neither (Nor) do I. = I do not, either. _ Neither is he. = He is not, either.
# She doesn’t have anything. # She wasn’t here last night.
_ Neither does he. = He does not, either. _ Neither was I. = I am not, either.
# They don’t buy anything. # I can’t swim.
_ Neither do we. = We do not, either. _ Neither can we. = We can’t, either.
2. Neither / Either / Both (cả hai)
Note:
(cả hai … không)
Both + plural
* Use with a noun
Either / Neither + sigular
Ex:
_ Both restaurants are good.
Ex:
_ Neither restaurant is expensive.
_ Both books (plural)
_ I could go to either restaurant.
_ Either restaurant (singular)
( one or the other)
_ You can buy either one Iphone.

Auxiliary Verbs with Modal Verbs

1. Can ( Could )
* Present ability / inability ( khả năng hiện tại [ biết ] )
Ex:
_ My dad can’t drink alcohol / wine.
_ Can you cook ?
* Asking for permission ( xin phép ) [ được, có thể ]
Ex:
_ Can I go out for a while ?
_ Can I get you something to drink ?
_ Can I use it ?