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INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

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 •Semester: VII , Branch: Common to All Branches
Subject: Humanities & Social Sciences, Code: HSS4104
(Public Administration & Financial Management)
COURSE CONTENT

•UNIT-I: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Meaning, Nature, Scope and Significance, Public and Private Administration.
•UNIT-II: PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
Hierarchy, Unity of Command, Span of Control, Centralization and Decentralization, Delegation-
Supervision & Control.
•UNIT-III: ADMINISTRATIVE BEHAVIOUR
Decision- Making, Leadership, Motivation & Communication.
•UNIT-IV: INTRODUCTION TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Meaning, Nature and Scope of Local Programmes, Growth and Development of Local Government,
Rural Development Programmes (73rd Constitutional Amendment Act), Urban Development
Programmes (74th Constitutional Amendment Act).
•UNIT-V: INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC FINANCE
Public Financial Management and Budgeting, Government finance at the centre, state and local
levels.

• Text Books:
•Public administration - Mohit Bhattacharya
•Civil Services in India: Indian administration - S.R. Maheswari, State
•District and local administration: State administration - J.D. Shukla
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WHAT IS
ADMINISTRATI
ON?
• Administration is a
goal-oriented, a
purposive and
cooperative group
effort to
accomplish some
common goal or
goals.
• For instance, two
men cooperate to
roll a stone to built
a house.
 WHAT IS ADMINISTRATION?

• Administration excludes non-purposive and non-

cooperative group activities such as a man
watching a stone.
• Administrative activity is as old as organized social
life. It is a universal process which is carried on in a
variety of public and private organizations
ELEMENTS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

People

Public Organisation
Servants

PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION

Public Public
Finance Policy

Law and
Regulations
 FEATURES OF
ADMINISTRATION
• It is a process consists of planning,
organizing, budgeting, directing
(steering), coordinating and controlling.
• Administration is occurred in formal
organization in the form of hierarchy
(arrangement of items –objects, names,
values, positions etc. in which the items
are represented as being above-below,
superior-subordinate)
• Ordered and coherent activities.
 SOME DEFINITIONS OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION

• Public administration is the study of the management of

the public agencies that carry out public policies in order
to fulfill the state purposes in the public interest.
• Public administration is the activities of the executive
branches of the national (central) and local governments.
• Public administration comprises the activities that are
involved in carrying out the policies and programs of
governments.
 SOME DEFINITIONS OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION

• Public administration describes the structure and the

functions of the power of the public. It is a procedural and
operational instrument of the state. In this sense, public
administration encompasses every type of public service
and organization.

• Public administration is an organizational execution of

administration, together with provision of public services
and activities. (Kapucu, Palabıyık: 105)
BRANCHES OF THE STATE AND PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION

STATE

Legislative Executive
Judicial Branch
Branch Branch

Political Administrative
Organizations Organizations
MODERN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

• is co-operative group effort in a public setting,

• focuses on the executive branch of the state, but not excludes
legislative and judicial branches,
• has an important role in the formulation of public policy,
• is different in significant ways from private administration (or
management),
• is closely associated with the people in providing public services
• is interdisciplinary in nature as it draws upon other social sciences
like political science, economics and sociology.
SCOPE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AS A
DISCIPLINE
• Administrative functions/Processes of administration
– POSDCORB (Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Direction, Coordinating,
Reporting, Budgeting
• Substantive concerns (matters of administration) such as defense,
health care, education, social security and welfare, police, fire
protection, agriculture, industry and so on.
• Public personnel administration
• Public financial administration
• Comparative public administration
• Public policy (the process of policy-making, the contents of policy, its
implementation and the policy outputs.
 The POSDCoRB view
• The POSDCoRB view Several writers have defined the scope of public administration in varying terms. Gullick
sums up the scope of the subject by the letters of the word POSDCoRB which denote: Planning,
Organisation, Staffing, Directing, Co-ordinating reporting the Budgeting. Planning means the working out in
broad outline the things to be done, the methods to be adopted to accomplish the purpose.
• Organisation means the establishment of the formal structure of authority through which the work is sub-
divided, arranged, defined and coordinated.
• Staffing means the recruitment and training of the personnel and their conditions of work.
• Directing means making decisions and issuing orders and instructions.
• Coordinating means inter-relating the work of various divisions, sections and other parts of the organisation.
• Reporting means informing the superiors within the agency to whom the executive is responsible about
what is going on.
• Budgeting means fiscal planning, control and accounting.
• According to Gullick the POSDCoRB activities are common to all organisations. They are the common
problems of management which are found in different agencies regardless of the nature of the work they
do.

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PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION

• As a co-operative group activity, administration is truly universal and

operates in all types of public and private organizations, and also non-
governmental organizations.
• But on the basis of the nature of institutional setting, public
administration can be roughly distinguished from private
administration.
• Public administration is governmental administration concerned with
achieving state purposes.
• Private administration relates to administration of private/business
organizations which are more concerned with the achieving of its own
purposes.
Thank you

All the best!