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DCE 5950

Assignment 2

Univariate Statistics

1. The following table displays test scores for 25 students enrolled in Statistics.
Based on this data, solve for the questions below.

Table 1: Test Scores

78 86 50 75 59 60 90
65 65 67 88 56 72 87
61 81 77 65 83 56 71
55 87 97 90

a. What is the scale of measurement of the above test scores?

The scale of measurement for the above test scores is Interval for
Mean.

b. Calculate measures of central tendencies – mode, median and mean

Mode

x f
50 1
55 1
56 2
59 1
60 1
61 1
65 3
67 1
71 1
72 1
75 1
77 1
78 1
81 1
83 1
86 1
87 2
88 1
90 2
97 1

 Mode = 65

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Median ML = n+1
2

= 25 + 1
2

= 26
2

= 13

 Median = 72

Mean x = x
n

= 50+55+56+56+59+60+61+65+65+65+67+71+72+75+77+78
+81+83+86+87+87+88+90+90+97
25

= 1821
25

= 72.84

c. Calculate measures of dispersion – range, variance and standard deviation

Range = 97 - 50

= 47

Variance

2
x = 78 86 50 75 59 60 90
65 65 67 88 56 72 87
61 81 77 65 83 56 71
55 87 97 90

x2 = 6084 7396 2500 5625 3481 3600 8100


4225 4225 4489 7744 3136 5184 7569
3721 6561 5929 4225 6889 3136 5041
3025 7569 9409 8100

x = 1821 Formula S2 = x2 - (x) 2


x2 = 136963 n
n = 25 n-1

S2 = 136963 - (1821) 2
25
25 - 1

= 136963 - 3316041
25
24

= 136963 – 132641.64
24

= 4321.36
24

= 180.057

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Standard Deviation

S = x2 - (x) 2
n
n-1

=  S2

=  180.057

= 13.42

d. Does the distribution of the test scores meet the assumption of normality?
Use the appropriate statistic to test on the assumption.

Tests of Normality

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

score .120 25 .200* .952 25 .283

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

Kolmogorov-Smirnov is a appropriate statistic to test on the assumption of


normality.

Data is considered normal because Skewness is between -1 and +1. Skewness


is 0.042.

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2. Summary of data on frequency of accessing internet per week among the study
respondents is presented in Table 2. Use the data to respond to the following
questions.

Table 2: Frequency of Accessing Internet

Frequency 5 7 8 10 12 13 15 20
n 7 10 15 33 45 59 18 13

a. What is the sample size for this data set?

Number of cases is the sample size. Number of cases is 200.

b. Calculate mode, median and mean for the frequencies of accessing


internet per week.

Mode

n f
7 5
10 7
15 8
33 10
45 12
59 13
18 15
13 20

 Mode = 13

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Median ML = n+1
2

= 200 + 1
2

= 201
2

= 100.5

 Median = 12+12
2

= 12

Mean x = x
n

= 2392
200

= 11.96

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c. Calculate standard deviation for the frequencies of accessing internet

x = 2392 Formula S2 = x2 - (x) 2


x2 = 91428 n
n = 200 n-1

Standard Deviation

S = x2 - (x) 2
n
n-1

= 91428 - (2392) 2
200
200 - 1

= 91428 – 63574
199

= 27854
199

=  139.97

= 11.83

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3. In a study, commitment is measured on a scale between 1 to 15. Summary
distribution of respondents by the commitment scores is presented in Table 3.

Table 3: Distribution of Commitment Scores

Commitment scores Freq Percent


1–3 8 6.2
4–6 17 13.1
7–9 35 26.9
10 – 12 51 39.2
13 – 15 19 14.6

a. Calculate median and mean of the commitment scores.

Commitment scores f m fm m2 m2f


1–3 8 6.2 49.6 38.44 307.52
4–6 17 13.1 222.7 171.61 2917.37
7–9 35 26.9 941.5 1225 42875
10 – 12 51 39.2 1999.2 2601 132651
13 – 15 19 14.6 277.4 361 6859
Total 130 100 3490.4 185609.89

L = 7, i = 3, n = 130, F = 17, fmd = 35

Median ML = n+1
2

= 130 + 1
2

= 131
2

= 65.5

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The 65.5 value is located in the 7 - 9 class

Md = L+ i n/2 – F
fmd

= 7 + 3 130/2 – 17
35

= 7 + 3 (1.37)

= 7 + 4.11

= 11.11

 Median = 11.11

Mean n = 130 , fm = 3490.4

X = fm
n

= 3490.4
130

= 26.85

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c. Calculate variance and standard deviation of the commitment scores

Variance

Commitment scores f m fm m2 m2f


1–3 8 6.2 49.6 38.44 307.52
4–6 17 13.1 222.7 171.61 2917.37
7–9 35 26.9 941.5 1225 42875
10 – 12 51 39.2 1999.2 2601 132651
13 – 15 19 14.6 277.4 361 6859
Total 130 100 3490.4 185609.89

S2 = 185609.89 - (3490.4)2
130
130 - 1

= 185609.89 – 12182892.16
130
129

= 185609.89 - 93714.55
129

= 91895.34
129

= 712.37

Standard deviation

Varian = 712.37

S =  S2

=  712.37

= 26.69

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