Solution and Collegative

SOLUTION & COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES &
LIQUID STATE
EXERCISE-3
Answer Key & Solution
Question Question Question Question

Solution Solution Solution Solution
Number Number Number Number
1 Click Here 14 Click Here 27 Click Here 40 Click Here
13 Click Here 26 Click Here 39 Click Here
CAREER POINT _______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State |1
Sol.1 [A]
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2 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State ______________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.2 [B]
Tf = – 0.186°C
Kf = 1.86°C
m=?
0.186° = 1.86 × m
m=1
Tb = Kb × m given Kb = 0.512
= 0.512 × 1 = 0.512
Boiling point = 100 + 0.512 = 100. 512
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Sol.3 [A]
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Sol.4 [D]
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Sol.5 [C]
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Sol.6 [C]
for HX  H+ + X–
n=2  = 0.3
i = 1 + (n – 1)
= 1 + 0.3(2 – 1)
= 1.3
given Kf = 1.85, Tf = Kf xi ×m
= 1.85 × 1.3×0.2
0 – freezing point = 0.480
freezing point = – 0.480
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Sol.7 [B]
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Sol.8 [A]
maximum no of ions
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Sol.9 [D]
1   2
=
2
1.64  2.46
=
2
= 2.05
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10 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.10 [B]
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CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 11
Sol.11 [D]
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Sol.12 [D]
Na2SO4  2Na+ + SO 4–2
n=1+2=3
if degree of ionisation = 
i = 1 + (3 – 1) = 1 + 2
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Sol.13 [B]
V.P. of benzene = p° benzene× (mole fraction)
1
= 75 ×
1
1
2
= 50
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Sol.14 [D]
1.5  480  1.2  520
m= = 1.344
520  480
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Sol.15 [D]
Largest no. of salve particle's highest will be B.P.
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Sol.16 [C]
18
760 – p S 180
=
760 18 178.2

180 18
760 – p S 0 .1
=
760 0 .1  9 .9
7600 – 10pS = 76
7600 – 76
PS = = 752.4
10
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Sol.17 [B]
Given 2.05 M solution of CH3COOH in water has denoity = 1.02 g/m2
Now wt of 1000 mL solution
= 1.02 × 1000
= 1020
wt of solvent = 1020 – wt of CH3COOH
wt of solvent = 1020 – wt of CH3COOH
wt of CH3COOH = 2.05 × 60
= 123
wt of solvent = 1020 – 123 = 897
2.05
molality = × 1000 = 2.28
89.7
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Sol.18 [A]
Give 290 = 200(1 – 0.6) + PC 2 H 5OH × 0.6
290 = 200 × 0.4 + PC 2 H 5OH × 0.6
PC 2 H 5OH = 350 mm
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Sol.19 [D]
for isotonic solution
1 = 2
at constant temp
C1 = C2
5.25 1 .5
=
m 60
5.26  60
m= = 210.0 g/mol
1 .5
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Sol.20 [C]
wt of H2SO4 = 306 × 98 = 352.8
71
wt of H2O = 352.8 × = 863.75
29
total wt = 863.75 + 352.8 = 1216.5
1216.5
density =  1.22
1000
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Sol.21 [C]
17.5 – P 18 / 180
=
17.5 18 178.2

180 18
17.5 – P 0 .1
=
17.5 0.10
175 – 10P– 1.75
P = 17.325
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Sol.22 [C]
760 = 520XA + 1000(1 – XA)
760 = 520XA + 1000 – 1000XA
XA = 240 = 0.5 = 50 %
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Sol.23 [A]
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Sol.24 [B]
1 3
550 = p 0x × + p 0y ×
4 4
1 4
560 = p 0x × + p 0y ×
5 5
2200 = p 0x + 3 p 0y .......... (i)
28000 = p 0x + 4p 0y ........... (ii)
(ii) – (i)
p 0y = 600
p 0x = 2200 – 600 × 3 = 400
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Sol.25 [A]
Tf = Kfm
WB 1000
2.8 = 1.86 × 
M B WA
WB 1000
= 1.86 × 
62 1000
= 93.3 g
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Sol.26 [C]
120 1000
M= 
60 1120
1.15
100
=2× × 1.15
112
= 2.05 M
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Sol.27 [A]
Tf = Kf × m × i
Tf 1.91
i = = = 1.02
K f  m 1.86  1
For HI H+ + I–
1 –  +  +  = i = 1.027
1 +  = 1.027
 = 0.027 or 2.7 %
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Sol.28 [A]
Let vapor pressure of A = PA0
Vapour pressure of B = PB0
In first solution,
1 1
Mole fraction of A(xA) = =
1 2 2
2 2
Mole fraction of B(xB) = 
1 2 3
According to Raoult's law, Total vapour pressure = 250 = PA0 x A  PB0 x B
1 0 2 0
250 = PA  PB …(i)
3 3
In second solution
2 2 1
Mole fraction of A(xA) =  
22 4 2
2 1
Mole fraction of B(xB) = 
4 2
 Total vapour pressure = 300
= PA0 x A  PB0 x B
1 0 1 0
300 = PA + PB …(ii)
2 2
1 1
Multiplying equation (i) by and equation (ii) by
2 3
1 0 2 0
PA  PB = 125
6 6
1 0 2 0
PA  PB  100
6 6
1 0
PB  25
6
PB0 = 25 × 6 = 150 mm Hg
On substituting value of PB0 in equation (ii) we get
1 1
300 = PA0 × + 150 ×
2 2
PA0 = 450 mm Hg
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Sol.29 [C]
k f  w  1000
Mol.wt. =
Tf  W
1.86  0.85  1000
=
0.23  125
 55 gm
Where
w = 0.85 g
W = 125 g
Tf = 0ºC – (–23ºC) = 23ºC
M normal 136.3
Now, i = = = 2.47
M observed 55
ZnCl 2 Zn    2Cl –
1   2
Van't Hoff factor (i)

1      2
= = 2.47
1
  = 0.735 = 73.5%
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Sol.30 [C]
M1V1  M 2 V2
Mres. =
V1  V2
(0.5  750)  (2  250)
=
250  750
375  500
= = 0.875 M
1000
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Sol.31 [C]
P º Ps n w M
= = ×
Pº N m W
12 18
0.1 = ×
m 108
12  18
m = = 20
0.1  108
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Sol.32 [C]
Van’t Hoff factor (i) and the degree of association are related as below :
 1
i = 1 –  1  
 n
 1
0.9 = 1 – 0.2 1  
 n
On solving,
 1 1
1   =
 n 2
1 1 1
=1– =
n 2 2
 n =2
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Sol.33 [C]
The relation between molarity (M) and molality (m) is
1 M2 
d = M   , M2 = mol. Mass of solute
 m 1000 
On putting value
1 58.5 
1.252 = 3   
 m 1000 
On solving m = 2.79
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Sol.34 [B]
PA = PAo × xA = total pressure × yA

PB = PBo × xB = total pressure x yB
Where x and y represents mole fraction in liquid and vapour phase respectively.
PAo x B y B PBo (1  x A ) 1  y A
= ; =
PAo x A yA PAo x A yA
119(1  0.50 ) 1  yA
On putting values =
37  0.50 yA
On solving yA = 0.237
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Sol.35 [D]
Tf = Kfm
where m= molality
w
273 – 268 = 1.86 ×
M V
w
5 = 1.86 ×
32  10
5  32  10
w =
1.86
= 860.2  868.06 g
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Sol.36 [A]
From molarity equation
M1V1 + M2V2 = MV(total)
10 200 210
2× + 0.5 × =M×
1000 1000 1000
120 = M × 210
120
M= = 0.57 M
210
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Sol.37 [D]
   = 100%
i = no. of particles given by an electrolyte
0.500 M C2H5OH (aq.) ; i = 1
0.100 M Mg3(PO4)2 (aq.) ; i = 5
0.250 M KBr (aq.) ; i=2
0.125 M Na3PO4 (aq.) ; i=4
according to formula of osmotic pressure,
  (i × C)
( C2H5OH )  1 × 0.5
( Mg3 ( PO4 )2 )  5 × 0.1
(KBr)  2 × 0.25
( Na 3PO 4 )  4 × 0.125
All have same osmotic pressure
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Sol.38 [B]
If we plot a graph between the vapour pressure and the temperature. We would get a curve that rises faster as
T increases, giving a curved line
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Sol.39 [A]
Given ob= 10.8 atm
nor = CST = 0.10 × 0.0821 × 298 = 2.446
Now experimental value of (i)
Observed osmotic pressure
=
Normal osmotic pressure
10.8
= = 4.42
2.446
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Sol.40 [D]
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Sol.41 [B]
P° = 185 torr,
PS = 183 torr
Wsolute = 1.2 g, Wsolvent = 100 g
MMsolute = ? MMsolvent = 58 g/mol
P o  PS Wsolute  MM solvent
 
PS Wsolvent  MM solute
185 – 183 1.2  58


183 100  MM solute
1.2  58  183
MM solute  64 g/mol.
2  100
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Sol.42 [C]
We assume the solution is prepared at boiling point temperature of water
P° = 760 mm Hg
P  Ps n

P nN
760 – Ps 0 .1

760 9 .9  0 .1
Ps 0 .1
1 
760 10
Ps
1 – 0.01 =
760
Ps = 752.4 mm Hg or torr.
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Sol.43 [B]
 Tf = i × Kf × m
i  5.12  0.2  1000
0.45 =
60  20
i = .527
 i   .527
 =  .946 or 94.6 %
1  1/ n 1  1/ 2
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Sol.44 [D]
 Na2SO4  2Na+ + SO24 
i = 1 + (3 – 1) 0.815 = 2.63
5  1000
3.82  1.86  2.63 
142  X
1.86  2.63  5000
x = 45 gm
142  3.82
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Sol.45 [C]
 Molar mass of CHCl3 = 119.5 g/mol
Molar mass of CH2Cl2 = 85 g/mol
11.95
Molar of CHCl3 = = 0.1 mol
119.5
8 .5
Molar of CH2Cl2 = = 0.1 mol
85
0 .1
Molar fraction of CHCl3 = = 0.5 mol
0 .2
0 .1
Molar fraction of CH2Cl2 = = 0.5 mol
0 .2
(Given – Vapour pressure of CHCl3 = 200 mm
Hg = 0.263 atm
Vapour pressure of CH2Cl2 = 415 mm
Hg = 0.546 atm)
(1 atm = 760 mm Hg)
 P(above solution) = Mole fraction of CHCl3
× (Vapour pressure of CHCl3)
+ Mole fraction of CH2Cl2
×(Vapour pressure of CH2Cl2)
= 0.5 × 0.263 + 0.5 × 0.546 = 0.4045
Mole fraction of CHCl3 in vapour form
0.1315
= = 0.325
0.4045
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Sol.46 [A]
V  45 (800  V )  20 800  29.875
 + =
100 100 100
9V V
 + 160 – = 239
20 5
 V = 316
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Sol.47 [B]
 Tf (Freezing point depression)  n(no. of particles)
 If no. of particles  freezing point is more
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Sol.48 [D]
 ( Ksp) pbCl2 = 3.2 × 10–8 = 32×10–9
PbCl2 Pb2   2Cl 
s 2s
Ksp = [Pb2+][Cl–]2
Ksp = 4s3 = 32 × 10–9
s3 = 8 × 10–9
s = 2 × 10–3 M
w 1
 = 2 × 10–3
M.W. VL
0.1 1
 = 2 × 10–3
278 VL
0.1  1000
VL = = 0.18 L
278  2
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Sol.49 [B]
M M
 75 mL HCl + 25 mL NaOH
5 5
M M
25 mL NaOH will neutralize 25 mL HCl
5 5
M
75 – 25 = 50 mL HCl will remain.
5
Total volume will be 75 + 25 = 100 mL
M
50 mL HCl is diluted to 100 mL
5
M 50 M
[H+]= [HCl] = × =
5 100 10
M
pH= – log10[H+] = –log10 =1
10
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Sol.50 [A]
 The relationship between molar masses of the two solvents is
3
MX = MY …(i)
4
The relative lowering of vapour pressure of the two solutions is
 P   P 
  =m  
 P X  P Y
But, the relative lowering of vapour pressure of solutions is directly proportional to the mole fraction of
solute.
Given 5 molal solution, means 5 mole of solute are dissolved in 1 kg (or 1000 g) of solvent.
1000g
The number of moles of solvent =
M
5 5
The mole fraction of solute = =M×
1000 / M 1000
Hence
5 5
MX × = m × MY × …(ii)
1000 1000
Substitute equation (i) in equation (ii)
3 5 5
× MY × = m × MY ×
4 1000 1000
3
m=
4
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Sol.51 [C]
 Molar mass of octane = 114 g/mol
From the lowering of vapour pressure we have
W2
P M2
=
P W2 W1

M 2 M1
W2
75 50g / mol
=
100 W2 114g

50g / mol 114g / mol
W2
0.75 = 50
W2
1
50
W2 W2
+1=
50 50  0.75
W2 = 150 g
Note : W2 and M2 are mass and molar mass of solute and W1 and M1 are mass and molar mass of octane.
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SOLUTION & COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES &

Question Question Question Question

Van't Hoff factor (i)

PA = PAo × xA = total pressure × yA

( Mg3 ( PO4 )2 )  5 × 0.1

All have same osmotic pressure

185 – 183 1.2  58

 If no. of particles  freezing point is more

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