INTRODUCTION TO AUTO CAD

Contents
Definition: -.....................................................................................................................................3
Importance of Auto Cad: -...............................................................................................................3
Classification: -................................................................................................................................3
Introduction of Software interface: -...............................................................................................4
3D DRAWINGS: -...........................................................................................................................6
FOR LIMITS SETTINGS: -............................................................................................................7
ZOOM SETTINGS: -......................................................................................................................7
DRAW TOOLBAR: -......................................................................................................................8
MODIFY TOOLBAR: -...................................................................................................................8
Line: -...............................................................................................................................................8
Erase: -.............................................................................................................................................8
Ortho mode: -...................................................................................................................................9
Dimension line: -.............................................................................................................................9
Offset: -............................................................................................................................................9
Trim :-............................................................................................................................................10
Copy objects: -...............................................................................................................................10
Mirror: -.........................................................................................................................................11
Move: -...........................................................................................................................................11
Rotate: -.........................................................................................................................................12
Pan: -..............................................................................................................................................12
Zoom window: -............................................................................................................................12
Fillet: -...........................................................................................................................................14
Drafting tabs: -...............................................................................................................................14
SNAP: -..........................................................................................................................................14
GRID: -..........................................................................................................................................14
ORTHO: -......................................................................................................................................15
POLAR: -.......................................................................................................................................15
OSNAP: -.......................................................................................................................................15
OTRACK: -...................................................................................................................................15
LWT: -............................................................................................................................................15
MODEL: -......................................................................................................................................15
Layers: -.........................................................................................................................................15
Multiple point: -.............................................................................................................................16
Measure: -......................................................................................................................................17
Circle: -..........................................................................................................................................17
PROPERTIES TOOLBAR: -.........................................................................................................18
Rectangle: -....................................................................................................................................19
POLYGON: -.................................................................................................................................20
SCALE: -.......................................................................................................................................20

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STRETCH: -..................................................................................................................................21
ARRAY: -.......................................................................................................................................21
ARC: -............................................................................................................................................21
Spline: -..........................................................................................................................................22
REGION: -.....................................................................................................................................23
EXPLODE: -..................................................................................................................................23
PEDIT:-..........................................................................................................................................23
BREAK:-.......................................................................................................................................24
POLYLINE:-..................................................................................................................................24
CONSTRUCTION LINE:-............................................................................................................25
BLOCK:-.......................................................................................................................................25
INSERT BLOCK:-.........................................................................................................................26
DESIGN CENTER: -.....................................................................................................................26
TOOL PALETTES: -.....................................................................................................................27
HATCH: -.......................................................................................................................................28
INQUIRY TOOL BAR: -...............................................................................................................29
DISTANCE: -................................................................................................................................29
AREA: -.........................................................................................................................................29
REGION/MASSPROPERTIES.....................................................................................................30
LIST: -............................................................................................................................................30
LOCATE POINT: -........................................................................................................................31
THEN GO FOR SOME COMPLEX DESIGNING: -...................................................................33
AND THEN MAKE ITS ELEVATION: -.....................................................................................34
Foundation Cross Section: -...........................................................................................................35
DIMENSION TOOLBAR: -..........................................................................................................36
LINIER DIMENSION: -...............................................................................................................36
ALIGNED DIMENSION: -...........................................................................................................36
ORDINATE DIMENSION: -........................................................................................................36
RADIUS DIMENSION: -..............................................................................................................36
DIAMETER DIMENSION: -........................................................................................................36
ANGULAR DIMENSION: -.........................................................................................................37
QUICK DIMENSION: -................................................................................................................37
CONTINUE DIMENSION: -........................................................................................................37
QUICK LEADER: -......................................................................................................................37
CENTER MARK: -.......................................................................................................................37
DIMENSION EDIDT: -.................................................................................................................38
DIMENSION TEXT EDIT: -........................................................................................................39
MULTILINE TEXT: -....................................................................................................................39
Converting 2d into 3d View: -.......................................................................................................40
VISUAL STYLE TOOL BAR: -...................................................................................................41
VIEW STYLE TOOL BAR: -.......................................................................................................41
MODELING TOOL BAR: -..........................................................................................................42
SOLIDS EDITING TOOL BAR: -................................................................................................42
RENDER TOOL BAR: -...............................................................................................................42

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Definition: -
CAD stands for "Computer Aided Design." AutoCAD is a line of two-dimensional and three-
dimensional design software produced by the Autodesk company. It includes a powerful
suite of features to improve workflow and create true-to-life maps, diagrams, structures and
schematics.

Importance of Auto Cad: -

AutoCAD is a software program which has been used in various industries for many years.
This software can help architects, designers, engineers and more create designs and then
see if they will work before spending money and taking a risk on the project.
This particular product is used for the engineering of new bridges, buildings, stadiums,
homes, electrical and so much more.

This software is actually very helpful for engineering students, especially those that which to
enjoy the impact of engineering

Classification: -
1) 2D Two dimensions

2) 3D Three Dimensions

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Introduction of Software interface: -
Store commands that you frequently access in AutoCAD. By default, you can access
New, Open, Save, Plot, Undo, and Redo from the Quick Access toolbar. Add commands
to the Quick Access toolbar using the shortcut menus of all commands on the ribbon,
menu browser, and toolbars

2D DRAWINGS :-

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5
3D DRAWINGS: -

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First of all, we have to set drawing units and limits for starting a drawing

For this

Type

UN 

FOR LIMITS SETTINGS: -

LIMITS 

100’,100’

ZOOM SETTINGS: -

Z

A

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We are now ready to start a new drawing

we shall learn some commands from draw toolbar and modify toolbar then make

drawings

DRAW TOOLBAR: -

MODIFY TOOLBAR: -

Line: -
L

Specify first point then, next point, and next point’

Esc for end.

Erase: -
used for deleting objects

E

Select object then 

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Ortho mode: -
For straight line on/off key ‘F8’

Dimension line: -
L  click once and give direction & enter dimension like 10’  if double  then I have

a one line of dimension 10’.

NOW MAKE THIS DRAWING

Offset: -

To create copy of line at a given distance.

O

Specify offset distance suppose 25’ 

Select object

Click on object with the help of mouse.

Give direction with the help of mouse by one click.

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Trim :-
Used for cutting the edges of lines those have a cross “X” contact with each other.

TR  

Select edge of line

Extend: - used to extend lines with the near target.

EX  

Select object to extend:-

Copy objects: -
CO 

Select object

Specify base point or displacement or multiple

Drake mouse and click

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Mirror: -
Mi 

Select objects 

Specify first point of mirror line click

Specify second point of mirror line click

If I want to delete the source object then Y 

Move: -
For moving objects

M

Select objects and

Click on object and drag and click. It is moved.

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Rotate: -

It is used for rotating objects.

RO 

Select objects 

Select objects with mouse and give angle like 65

Note that the object will move around the point where u has clicked.

Pan: -
For moving sheet with objects.

P

Zoom real time: - for zooming like zoom in and zooms out.

Z

Zoom window: -
For zooming window like area.

Z

Zoom previous: -

for showing previous zoom.

Z P

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Chamfer: - for making one corner into two corners.

It is applied crossing lines with any angle

Cha 

Cha  D 

Specify first chamfer distance:- 15’

Specify second chamfer distance:- 15’

Then select lines one by one

If cha  A  for angle

Specify chamfer distance on the first line:- 10’

Specify chamfer angle from the first line:- 30

Click on one line and then click on second line.

If cha  T 

Used for trimming the corner after the chamfer.

Cha  T 

If I want to trim after chamfer then T 

If I want no trim after chamfer then N 

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Fillet: -
Used for making one corner into curve.

F

If F  R  r for radius

Specify fillet radius:- 5’

Then click on one line then click on other.

If F  T 

If I want to trim after fillet then T 

If I want to no trim after fillet then N 

Drafting tabs: -

SNAP: -
On/off key ‘F9’

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GRID: -
On/off key ‘F7’

ORTHO: -
On/off key ‘F8’

POLAR: -
on/off] key ‘F10’

OSNAP: -
On/off key ‘F3’

OTRACK: -
On/off key ‘F11’

LWT: -
On off just clicking.

MODEL: -
Used in printing / plotting.

Listen to the lectures carefully for the above useful tabs.

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Layers: -
LA 

Listen to the lectures carefully for layers.

Match properties: -

Used to convert the layer of one object

to another layer

Ma 

Select object then

Select another object

The layer of the object is changed.

Single point: -

Used to draw a point in the drawing.

Po 

Click on anywhere on the sheet. It is single point

Multiple point: -
Click on DRAW menu then click on multi points

Used to draw multiple points in the drawing

Divide: -
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used to divide a line in equal parts

DIV 

Select line to divide

Enter number of segments. Suppose 10

Then

Click on Format menu

Click on point style

Select required point style and OK

Measure: -
ME 

Select line to measure

Give specify length of segment suppose 2’

Then

Click on Format menu

Click on point style

Select required point style and OK

Circle: -
C

Click for the center point for circle

Drag to the second point and click

If I want a circle of radius 10’ then c click on anywhere in the sheet, then give radius

10’

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PROPERTIES TOOLBAR: -

REFER TO THE INSTRUCTOR FOR PROPERTIES TOOLBAR

If I want a circle of diameter 10’ then c click on anywhere in the sheet, then d give

diameter 10’

circle within three points then

C  3p 

click any three points.

make circle within two points then

C  2p 

click any two points.

make circle between two circles then

C  tetra  (tangent tangent radius)

Click on one circle then click on second circle then 

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Rectangle: -
REC 

Specify first corner point by one click then specify second point by one click.

REC 

Click anywhere and D

Specify length for rectangles:- 30’

Specify width for rectangles:- 40’ then click

REC  C 

Same like chamfer

Specify first chamfer distances 5’

Specify second chamfer distances 5’

draw the rectangle by giving two specific points by mouse.

REC  F 

Specify fillet radius for rectangles:- 10’

draw the rectangle with the help of mouse.

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REC  T 

Specify thickness for rectangles:- 9”

Draw the rectangle with the help of mouse.

REC  W 

Specify line width for rectangles:- 9” 

Draw the rectangle with the help of mouse.

POLYGON: -
POL 

Draw a circle [10’] then

POL 

Enter number of sides:- 8

Specify center of polygon by click on center of the circle

If U need Inscribed circle then I 

If U need circumscribed about circle then C 

ELLIPSE: -
EL 

Specify first point then specify second point and then specify third point in opposite axis

of the two given points, for detail contact to the instructor.

It is simple ellipse

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SCALE: -
SC 

Select objects 

Specify base point click on any point of the object

Then give scaling factor:- 2

STRETCH: -
S

Select objects 

Click on selected corner of the object and drag mouse

ARRAY: -
AR 

RECTANGUALR ARRAY: -

POLAR ARRAY: -

Refer to the instructor,

21
he will teach in detail.

ARC: -
A

Click on one point then click on second point and lastly click at third point.

It is simple three-point arc

For other methods

Click on Draw menu then click on Arc

1 3point

2 Start, Center, End

3 Start, Center, Angle

4 Start, Center, Length

5 Start, End, Angle

6 Start, End, Direction

7 Start, End, Radius

8 Center, Start, End

9 Center, Start, Angle

10 Center, Start, Length

11 Continue

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You must practice all the ways of drawing arc by following the above-mentioned ways.

Spline: -
SPL 
Use the line type for irregular path and pound and land shapes etc.

REGION: -
Used to join a close traverse.

REG 

Select all the lines that makes a close traverse, then 

1 region created.

Remember, to create a region the lines making a close traverse should be closed,

otherwise no region will create.

EXPLODE: -
Used to remove region.

X

Select objects then 

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PEDIT:-
Used to join objects. Mostly used to join open traverse.

PE 

Select line,

Want to change into one Y 

Then

J

Select lines making an open traverse and  

BREAK:-
BR 

Select objects

Specify second break point

If click second point then the object is break within these two points

POLYLINE:-
PL 

Specify start point

Specify next point or  Specify next point or 

Note the line formed is one line

then A 

Give specify arc length and 

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If PL  then click L 

Give specify length and 

If PL  then click U 

It is used for undo

If PL  then W 

Specify starting width:- 1’

Specify ending width:- 3’

CONSTRUCTION LINE:-
infinity line. Used in making elevation.
XL 
If XL  & H  for horizontal
Click any where in sheet
If XL  & V  for vertical
Click any where in sheet
If XL  & A 
Enter angle of construction 45
Click any where in sheet

BLOCK:-
B

Opens a block window.

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Give name

Click on Pick point

Then specify base point

And then click on select object 

Then click on OK. One block formed

INSERT BLOCK:-
I

Select your required name form list

Click on ok

Click on sheet

For detail attend lecture, carefully

DESIGN CENTER: -
CTRL + 2
Design center is use to import a default drawing templet in AutoCAD material library.

Use a Design Center shortcut menu to create a tool palette tab with predetermined

content.

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TOOL PALETTES: -
CTRL + 3
Drag tools from your drawing. Tools include geometric objects, dimensions, fills,
blocks, xrefs, raster images, and tables. You can also add lights, cameras, visual
styles, and materials (not available in AutoCAD LT).

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HATCH: -
H

Listen to the lectures carefully for hatch.

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INQUIRY TOOL BAR: -

DISTANCE: -
DI 

Specify first point

Then specify second point

It will give distance between two points.

Like

Delta X = 100’-1”, Delta Y = 0’-0”,

Delta Z = 0’-0”

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AREA: -
AA 

Click on all the corners on a closed traverse

one by one and , suppose u have a close

traverse having corners A,B,C,D then click on

A then click on B then click on C then click on

D and again click on A,

If u want to add area then AA  and A 

Same procedure should be kept that is mentioned above for adding new area in the

previous area

If u want to subtract area from the previous calculated area then S 

And the same procedure goes on for the subtraction of new area from the previous

calculated area.

If u want to calculate the area of an object like circle, rectangle etc. then

AA 

O

Select objects

The area will appear on command prompt line along its all details

REGION/MASSPROPERTIES
Firstly, region the objects

MASSPROP 

Select objects

30
And 

A window will appear that shows all

the details such as area, perimeter etc.

LIST: -
LI 

Same as MASSPROP.

MASSPROP and LIST has little difference,

Li 

Select object and 

A window will appear that shows all the details such as area, perimeter etc.

LOCATE POINT: -
ID 

Specify point

U have on command line:- X = 253.254, Y = 452.987, Z = 0.0000

It shows the location of that point in UCS coordinate system

AFTER LEARNING THESE ALL COMMANDS

PREPARE THIS MAP

PLAN AND THEN ITS ELEVATION

31
32
33
THEN GO FOR SOME COMPLEX DESIGNING: -

34
AND THEN MAKE ITS ELEVATION: -

35
Foundation Cross Section: -

36
DIMENSION TOOLBAR: -
D

This is a very important topic. For creating a new dimension style listen to the lecture

carefully.

LINIER DIMENSION: -
DLI 

ALIGNED DIMENSION: -
DAL 

ORDINATE DIMENSION: -
DOR 

RADIUS DIMENSION: -
DRA 

Used for finding the radius of the circle or arc

DIAMETER DIMENSION: -
DDI 
37
Used for finding the diameter of the circle or arc

ANGULAR DIMENSION: -
DAN 

Used to find the angle between two lines

QUICK DIMENSION: -
QDIM 

It is used to take quick dimension

BASELINE DIMENSION: -
firstly u have to take a linear or aligned dimension then u will take command

DBA 

CONTINUE DIMENSION: -
Firstly u have to take a linear or aligned dimension then u will take command

QUICK LEADER: -
QLEADER  sets leader and annotation format.

CENTER MARK: -
DIMCENTER  Used to find the CENTER point of CIRCLE and ARC.

38
DIMENSION EDIDT: -
Used to edit dimension.

DIMEDIT 

N  for new

R  for rotate

Specify angle for dimension text:- 45 

Select object 

O  for oblique

Select objects 

Enter oblique angle70

39
DIMENSION TEXT EDIT: -
DIMTEDIT 

Used for dimension text edit

Select dimension

Specify new location for dimension text

L  for left

R  for right

C  for center

A  for angle

MULTILINE TEXT: -
MT 

Opens a text window like MS word

Select font style, select font size and write the text u want to write, and click on ok

40
 ABC
Converting 2d into 3d View: -
Like This

41
we shall learn these tool bars

VISUAL STYLE TOOL BAR: -

42
VIEW STYLE TOOL BAR: -

MODELING TOOL BAR: -

SOLIDS EDITING TOOL BAR: -

RENDER TOOL BAR: -

AFTER STUDING THESE TOOLBARS YOU SHALL BE ABLE TO CONVERT THE 2D

DRAWINGS INTO 3D

43
Final Rendering & Materials Applying, Background Image,
Camera Views: -

44
 Practical No1
Plans of Drawing

45
 Practical No2

46
 Elevation

Practical No 3

Section

47
 Practical No 4

Section
48
49