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Spring
“Spring” from Vivaldi’s 4 seasons
Symbols used
Tutti ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------played by all
f--------------------------------------------------------forte-------------------------------------loud
p-------------------------------------------------piano-------------------------------------------soft
7------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------quaver rest
Tr----------------------------------------trill--------------------------------decoration on note
Solo vln-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------solo violin
<dot above note>-------------------------staccato----------------------------short note
<three lines through note>---------tremolo-------------------------play lots of notes
<eye shape>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------pause
C--------------------------------------------------------------------------------4⁄4 common time
<squiggle above note>----------mordent--------------------decoration like a trill
<top hat>-----------------------------------------------------------------minim rest (2 beats)
Programme music
This is music that paints a picture or tells a story eg spring.
(A) bars 1-3: bright, loud happy tune for “spring”
(B) bars 14-27: high trills (tr) & mordents (m) for “birds”
(C) bars 31-40: smooth semiquaver rhythm on violins for “murmuring”
(D) bars 44-55: ascending scales, repeated notes, tremolo, triplet semiquavers
for “thunder”
(E) bars 59-65: 3 solo violins, repeated notes + trills, ascending chromatic scale
for “return to calm”
L’Arlesienne suite
L’Arlesienne suite – farandole movement 4
Theme March rei Danse fris March rei / March rei &
danse fris / danse fris
march rei /
danse fris
Tonality D minor D major B minor D major
(key)
Metre (time) 4/4 2/4 2/4 2/4
Tempo Allegro deciso Allegro vivo et ditto Ditto
(speed) (tempo de deciso – fast,
Marcia) – fast lively and
and decisive decisive
(marching
pace)
texture Homophonic & homophonic homophonic polyphonic
polyphonic
L’Arlesienne suite
L’Arlesienne suite no. 1 – dictionary
Strs-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------strings
ww---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------woodwind
hns-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------horns
fff-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------extremely loud
p-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------soft
allegretto moderato-------------------------------------------------------moderately fast
<small crossed out note before note>------------------------grace note (short) acci
acatura
(+ob)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------oboe
Allargando-----------------------------------------------------------------------broadly – slow
Cresc. Molto-----------------------------------------------------------------get much louder
Molto rit.----------------------------------------------------------------ritornello – slow down
Dim. Molto------------------------------------------------diminuendo – get much softer
<8ra-------->------------------------------------------------------------------------up an octave
ff---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------very loud
pp--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------very soft
>below note-------------------------------------------------------------------------------accent
^above note------------------------------------------------------------------------------accent
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------sharp
b-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------flat
sf----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------forced note
7-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------quaver rest 1⁄2
Key signatures
3 sharps: f# C# G# in key signature
This should be key of A major however the G# is changed to G natural regularly
therefore this piece is not in a major key, it is in an old type of key called a mode.
Traditional irish pieces are often in modes (modal).