V.

DATA PERCOBAAAN

Pin
- Perhitungan cos φ=
3V I

- Perhitungan Q

sinφ=¿ sin (cos-1 φ ¿

Q = 3 Vp Ip sinφ

VI. ANALISIS

PARAMETER MOTOR

Table 1 Empirical distribution of leakage reactances in induction motors

Motor class Description X1 /(X1 +X2) X2 /(X1 +X2)

A Normal starting torque, normal starting current 0.5 0.5
B Normal starting torque, low starting current 0.4 0.6
C High starting torque, low starting current 0.3 0.7
D High starting torque, high slip 0.5 0.5
Wound rotor Performance varies with rotor resistance 0.5 0.5
Source: IEEE Standard 112
[1] Soemarwanto, Hery Purnomo, 2000, Mesin Elektrik 1, Univ. Brawijaya
[2] Fitzgerald A.E.,cs., 2003, Electric Machinery, Edt.-6, Mc. GrawHill

Motor induksi 3 fasa hubungan bintang: 1,5 kW, 220-V, 3,8 A, 1415 rpm, 4 kutub dengan rotor sangkar ganda
(double-squirrel-cage rotor) class C (high-starting-torque, low-starting current):

Tentukan parameter motor

Test 1: No-load test, Tegangan,V = 230 V line-neutral, Arus fasa Inl = 2,60 A, Power Pnl = 90 W
Test 2: Blocked-rotor test, Tegangan Vbl = 43 V line-neutral, Arus fasa lbl = 3,1 A, Power Pbl = 100 W
Test 3: Resistansi dc per stator /fasa R1 = 6,3 Ω
Perhitungan:
NO LOAD

230 V
Impedansi tanpa beban : Znl= =88,46Ω
2,60 A

S = Vnl.Inl = 230 . 2,60 = 598 VA

Q= √ S2 −P 2=√ 5982−902 =591,19VAR

Pnl 90 W
Resistansi, Rnl= = =13,314 Ω
Inl 2 2,602 A

Reaktansi, Xnl= √ Znl 2−Rnl2= √ 88,46 2−13,3142=87,454 Ω

BLOCK ROTOR

Vbl 43 V
Rotor terkunci : Impedansi, Zbl= = =13,871 Ω
Ibl 3,1 A
 S = Vbl.Ibl = 43 . 3,1 = 133,3 VA

Q= √ S2 −P 2=√ 133,32−1002=88,14 VAR

Pbl 100 W
Resistansi, Rbl= = =10,406 Ω
Ibl 2 3,12 A

Reaktansi, Xbl= √ Zbl 2−Rbl2= √ 13,8712−10,406 2=9,1718 Ω

DC TEST

VDC 6,3
Resistansi, R 1Y = = =3,15 Ω
2. IDC 2.1

Dari tabel 1, motor klas C: X1 /(X1 +X2) = 0,3 dan X2 /(X1 +X2) = 0,7

sedang, X1 + X2 = Xbl

maka, X1 = 0,3× 9,1718 Ω = 2,75154 Ω

X2 = 0,7× 9,1718 Ω = 6,42026 Ω

Reaktansi pemagnit, Xm = Xnl – X1 = 87,454 Ω – 2,75154 Ω = 84,70 Ω

2
x 2 + Xm 6,42026+84,70 2
R 2=( Rbl−R 1Y ) ( Xm ) ¿ ( 10,406−3,15 ) ( 84,70 ) = 8,39Ω

Gambar 1. Rangkaian Paramater Motor Induksi [1]

n s−n r 1500−1415
Slip, s= = × 100 %=5,67 %
ns 1500

V 1 . jXm
Tegangan terinduksi pada rotor, Vab=
R 1+ j X 1+ jXm

220 . j84,70
¿
3,15+ j(2,75154+ 84,70)

¿ 212,80+ j7,665 V

Vab= 212,80 V

jXm( R 1+ j X 1)
Impedansi a b, Zab=
jXm+(R 1+ j X 1)
 j 84,70 . (3,15+ j 2,75154 )
¿
j 84,70+(3,15+ j2,75154 )

¿ 2,95+ j2,77 Ω

Rab = 2,95 Ω

Xab = 2,77 Ω

Gambar 2. Rangkaian Pengganti Motor Induksi [1]

´
Vab
I´2=
Arus Rotor,
( Rab+ Rs2 )+ j ( Xab+ X ) 2

Vab 212,8
I 2= ¿
2
R2 8,39 2 ¿ 1,40 A
√( Rab+
s )
+ ( Xab+ X 2 )2
√( 2,95+
0,0567 )
+ ( 2,77+6,42026 )2

Daya mekanik, Pmekn=3 × ( I 2 ) × R 2

2
( 1−ss ) ¿ 3 x ( 1,40) ×8,39( 1−0,0567
2
0,0567 )
¿ 820,74 W

Pmek 820,74 W
Tmekn= ¿ =5,54 Nm
Torsi mekanik, nr 1415 rpm
2π 2π
60 60

VII. TUGAS

(1) Grafik cos φ fungsi beban (torsi)

R2
(3) Slip maksimum, sm = 2 2
√( Rab ) + ( Xab+ X ) 2

R2
3× Vab2 ×
sm
(4) Torsi maksimum, Tmaks= ( Nm)
R2 2
ωs Rab+
{(
sm )
+ ( Xab+ X 2 )2
}
ns
𝝎s = lintasan medan stator per detik ¿ 2 π ×
60
 R2
3 ×Vab2 ×
1
Torsi start, Tst = ( Nm)
R2 2
{(
ωs Rab+
1 )
+ ( Xab+ X 2)
2
}
saat start; putaran, n = 0
slip, s = 1

´
Vab
I ´2 st =
(2) Arus start rotor, R2
( Rab+
1 )
+ j ( Xab+ X 2 )

Vab
I 2 st =
R2 2
√( Rab+
1 )+ ( Xab+ X 2 )2

Arus nominal, (dari gambar 1)

jXm
I´2= × I´1
(5) Arus persamaan rotor, R2
jXm+ + j X 2
s

R2
+ j(Xm + X 2 )
maka, ´I = s
1 × I´2
jXm