BRIDGE ACROSS JAM RIVER AT NARSINGHI CH:76+320

ABSTRACT OF HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS

Discharge using Empirical method

Discharge using Rational Method/SUH method
Discharge using A-V method
Design Discharge
Afflux and Linear Waterway
Scour depth and founding level calculatios

1 Catchment Area 975.00 sq. km

2 Existing span arrangement 7 x 12.00 m
3 Propoosed span arrangement RECONSTRUCTION 8 x 20.00 m

4 Design discharge 1879.174 cumecs

5 Velocity through vent 3.16 m/s
6 LBL 371.295 m
7 Design HFL 377.3 m
8 Afflux -0.112 m
9 Affluxed HFL 377.300 m
10 Vertical Clearance 1.200 m
11 Free-board requird - m
12 FRL required EL 380.500 M
13 Existing FRL -
14 FRL to be provided EL 381.118 M Safe
15 Bank to bank width at HFL 150
16 Required linear waterway 195.07 m
17 Linear water way provided 151 m
18 Scour depth at Abutment 8.24 m
19 Max Scour level at Abutment 369.062 M
20 Scour depth at Piers 12.97 m
21 Max Scour level at Pier 364.327 M
1. Hydrological Calculations for Major Bridge by Rational Method

Catchment Area (A) = 975 Sq kms

Length of Longest Stream (L) = 59 km

Head (H) = 153 mts

Run Off Coefficient( C ) = 0.300 factor

Point Rainfall (F) = 240.000 mm

Time of concentration
tc=(0.87*L3/H)0.385 = 15.169 hours

Lc= (F/24) ((24 +1)/(tc+1)) = 15.462 mm/ hour

Q=0.277 *C*A*Lc
Q = 1252.78 m3/sec
 Discharge calculation by Synthetic Unitgraph Method

1 Description JAM RIVER @ CH:76+320

Name and Number of Subzone - Lower Godavari Subzone - 3(f)
Name of Site - NARSINGHI
Shape of the Catchment - FAN shaped
Topography - flat slope

2 Design data
Catchment Area (A) = 975 sqkm
Length of Longest Stream (L) = 59 km
Length of Longest Stream from cg to site (Lc) = 18 km
Unit Duration of Unitgraph (tr) = 1 hr
Loss Rate = 2 mm/hr for A < 75sqkm
5 mm/hr for A > 75sqkm
p
3 Computation of Equivalent Stream Slope (S)

Reduced Reduced
Sl. No. distance levels Li Di Di-1 + Di Li(Di-1 + Di)
(kms) (m) (kms) (m) (m) (mxkm)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 0 371.00 0 0 - -
2 0.56 380.00 0.56 9.00 9.00 5.04
3 5.96 390.00 5.40 19.00 28.00 151.20
4 22.63 400.00 16.67 29.00 48.00 800.16
5 32.45 420.00 9.82 49.00 78.00 765.96
6 39.45 440.00 7.00 69.00 118.00 826.00
7 45.69 460.00 6.24 89.00 158.00 985.92
8 53.27 480.00 7.58 109.00 198.00 1500.84
9 49.3 500.00 3.61 129.00 218.00 786.98
9 55.39 524.00 2.12 153.00 262.00 555.44
59 Σ 6377.54
Slope (S) = 1.83 m/km

4 Determination of Synthetic 1-hr Unitgraph Parameters

L Lc / S = 784.60
tr = 1 hr
tp = 0.348(L Lc / /S )0.454 = 7.17 hrs ~ 7.5 say
qp =1.842 * (tp)-0.804 = 0.38 cumec/sqkm
W50 = 2.353 * (qp)-1.005 = 6.26 hrs
W75 = 1.351 * (qp)-0.992 = 3.55 hrs
WR50 = 0.936 * (qp)-1.047 = 2.59 hrs
WR75 = 0.579 * (qp)-1.004 = 1.54 hrs
0.894
TB =4.589 *(tp) = 26.72 hrs 27 say
tm = tp + tr/2 = 8.00 hrs
Qp = q p x A = 368.36 cumec

UG Ordinates from above formulaes

X-value Y-value
0 0.00 0 0.00
tm-WR50 5.41 Qp*0.5 184.18
tm-WR75 6.46 Qp*0.75 276.27
tm 8.00 Qp*1.0 368.36
tm+W75-WR75 10.01 Qp*0.75 276.27
tm+W50-WR50 11.67 Qp*0.5 184.18
TB 27.00 0 0.00
 Graph plotted with above known values

y = 4.0742x2 + 14.152x - 0.5742

400

350

300

Discharge (cumec)
250

200

150

100

50

0
0 10 20 30
Time (hrs)
y = -289.8ln(x) + 941.63

UG Ordinates from graph(from equation for rising and recession limb)

values from values from

the first the Second Adjusted
Abcissa equation equation values
0 0.00 0.00 0.00
1 17.65 17.65 10.00
2 44.03 44.03 28.00
3 78.55 78.55 55.00
4 121.22 121.22 95.00
5 172.04 172.04 145.00
6 231.01 231.01 202.00
7 298.13 298.13 262.00
8 373.39 373.39 320.00
9 304.87 304.87 292.00
10 301.39 274.34 252.00
11 246.72 246.72 218.00
12 221.50 221.50 185.00
13 198.31 198.31 160.00
14 176.83 176.83 142.00
15 156.84 156.84 120.00
16 138.13 138.13 100.00
17 120.56 120.56 80.00
18 104.00 104.00 65.00
19 88.33 88.33 52.00
20 73.47 73.47 38.00
21 59.33 59.33 25.00
22 45.85 45.85 15.00
23 32.96 32.96 8.00
24 20.63 20.63 3.00
25 8.80 8.80 2.00
26 -2.57 -2.57 1.00

Σ 3631.98 3604.93 2875.00

Depth (d) = 1.34 1.33 1.06 Depth (d) = (0.36*ΣQ*tr)/A

Synthetic Unit Hydrograph

350

320
300
292
262
250 252
Discharge (cumec)

218
200 202
185
150
160
145 142
120
100 95 100
80
65
50 55 52
38
28 25
10 158
0 0 321
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (hrs)
 5 Design Storm Rainfall
Desgn Storm Duration (TD)= 1.1* tp = 8.25 9 say

Storm Point Rainfall

Reading the value of point rainfall for various duration from plates 8(a) to 8(h)
from CWC Publication for sub-zone 3(h)

y = 0.643x + 10.24
Point Rainfall

Point Rainfall (cm)

Duration (cm) 30
25
1 7.7 20
3 12.5 15
6 15.6 10
9 17.5 5
12 19 0
15 20.4 0 10 20 30
18 21.8 Duration (hrs)
24 24
50 Year TD - Hour Point Rainfall 17.50 cm

Storm Areal Rainfall

From fig 10(a) &10(b) of CWC Publication for sub zone 3(h)
Areal to Point Rainfall Ratio = 0.74

Areal Rainfall = 12.95 cm

Time Distribution of input storm

%age of Cumulative Cumulative

Storm %age of Total Rainfall Rainfall
Time Duration Rainfall Depth Increments
1 2 3 4 5
0 0.00 0 0.00 0
1 11.11 40 5.18 5.18
2 22.22 60 7.77 2.59
3 33.33 72 9.32 1.55
4 44.44 80 10.36 1.04
5 55.56 87 11.27 0.91
6 66.67 92 11.91 0.65
7 77.78 96 12.43 0.52
8 88.89 98 12.69 0.26
9 100.00 100 12.95 0.26

Note : Values in Col (3) to be read from fig.9 of CWC Publication for sub zone 3(h)
in accordance with col(2)

6 Rainfall Excess Hyetograph

Sequence
Sl.No SUG Rainfall Net rainfall of rainfall Reverse
. Time ordinates increment Loss rate Excess excess sequence Direct runoff
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
2 1 10.00 5.18 0.5 4.68 0.00
3 2 28.00 2.59 0.5 2.09 0.02 0.56
4 3 55.00 1.55 0.5 1.05 0.15 8.25
5 4 95.00 1.04 0.5 0.54 0.41 38.95
6 5 145.00 0.91 0.5 0.41 0.54 78.30
7 6 202.00 0.65 0.5 0.15 1.05 212.10
8 7 262.00 0.52 0.5 0.02 2.09 547.58
9 8 320.00 0.26 0.5 4.68 4.68 1497.60
10 9 292.00 0.26 0.5 2.09 0.00
11 10 252.00 0.00 0.5 1.05 0.00
12 11 218.00 0.00 0.5 0.54 0.00
13 12 185.00 0.00 0.41 0.00
14 13 160.00 0.00 0.15 0.00
15 14 142.00 0.00 0.02 0.00
16 15 120.00 0.00
17 16 100.00 0.00
18 17 80.00 0.00
19 18 65.00 0.00
20 19 52.00 0.00
21 20 38.00 0.00
22 21 25.00 0.00
23 22 15.00
24 23 8.00
25 24 3.00
26 25 2.00
27 26 1.00
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

Total 2383.34
 7 Computation of Design Flood Hydrograph total
SUG Surface
Time ordinates Direct surface runoff(cumec) due to rainfall excess flow Base Flow Total flow
0 0.02 0.15 0.41 0.54 1.05 2.09 4.68 col H + I
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.75 48.75
2 28.00 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.20 48.75 48.95
3 55.00 0.00 0.56 1.50 0.00 2.06 48.75 50.81
4 95.00 0.00 1.10 4.20 4.10 0.00 9.40 48.75 58.15
5 145.00 0.00 1.90 8.25 11.48 5.40 0.00 27.03 48.75 75.78
6 202.00 0.00 2.90 14.25 22.55 15.12 10.50 0.00 65.32 48.75 114.07
7 262.00 0.00 4.04 21.75 38.95 29.70 29.40 20.90 0.00 144.74 48.75 193.49
8 320.00 0.00 5.24 30.30 59.45 51.30 57.75 58.52 46.80 309.36 48.75 358.11
9 292.00 0.00 6.40 39.30 82.82 78.30 99.75 114.95 131.04 552.56 48.75 601.31
10 252.00 0.00 5.84 48.00 107.42 109.08 152.25 198.55 257.40 878.54 48.75 927.29
11 218.00 0.00 5.04 43.80 131.20 141.48 212.10 303.05 444.60 1281.27 48.75 1330.02
12 185.00 0.00 4.36 37.80 119.72 172.80 275.10 422.18 678.60 1710.56 48.75 1759.31
13 160.00 0.00 3.70 32.70 103.32 157.68 336.00 547.58 945.36 2126.34 48.75 2175.09
14 142.00 0.00 3.20 27.75 89.38 136.08 306.60 668.80 1226.16 2457.97 48.75 2506.72
15 120.00 0.00 2.84 24.00 75.85 117.72 264.60 610.28 1497.60 2592.89 48.75 2641.64
16 100.00 2.40 21.30 65.60 99.90 228.90 526.68 1366.56 2311.34 48.75 2360.09
17 80.00 2.00 18.00 58.22 86.40 194.25 455.62 1179.36 1993.85 48.75 2042.60
18 65.00 1.60 15.00 49.20 76.68 168.00 386.65 1020.24 1717.37 48.75 1766.12
19 52.00 1.30 12.00 41.00 64.80 149.10 334.40 865.80 1468.40 48.75 1517.15
20 38.00 1.04 9.75 32.80 54.00 126.00 296.78 748.80 1269.17 48.75 1317.92
21 25.00 0.76 7.80 26.65 43.20 105.00 250.80 664.56 1098.77 48.75 1147.52
22 15.00 0.50 5.70 21.32 35.10 84.00 209.00 561.60 917.22 48.75 965.97
23 8.00 0.30 3.75 15.58 28.08 68.25 167.20 468.00 751.16 48.75 799.91
24 3.00 0.16 2.25 10.25 20.52 54.60 135.85 374.40 598.03 48.75 646.78
25 2.00 0.06 1.20 6.15 13.50 39.90 108.68 304.20 473.69 48.75 522.44
26 1.00 0.04 0.45 3.28 8.10 26.25 79.42 243.36 360.90 48.75 409.65
27 0.00 0.02 0.30 1.23 4.32 15.75 52.25 177.84 251.71 48.75 300.46
28 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.82 1.62 8.40 31.35 117.00 159.34 48.75 208.09
29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 1.08 3.15 16.72 70.20 91.56 48.75 140.31
30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.54 2.10 6.27 37.44 46.35 48.75 95.10
31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 4.18 14.04 19.27 48.75 68.02
32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.09 9.36 11.45 48.75 60.20
33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.68 4.68 48.75 53.43
34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.75 48.75
35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.75 48.75
36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.75 48.75
37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.75 48.75

50 Year Peak Discharge 2641.64 cumec

7 Design Flood Hydrograph

Design Flood Hydrograph

3000

Peak Discharge 2641.64 cumec

2500
Discharge (cumec)

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 10 20 30 40
Time (hrs)
3. Hydrological Calculations for Major Bridge by Area Velocity method

Bridge @ C/L ACROSS JAM RIVER AT NARSINGHI

i) Cross Section at the centre line of Proposed bridge

Bed slope
Bed level at 170 m U/S = 371.209 m
Bed level at 170 m D/S = 370.812 m

Bed slope= 0.0012

2 Calculation of discharge for each cross section

Avg. Vertical
Depth of Wetted
Chainage Bed level HFL Depth of Distance Area Ht at Bed
water perimeter
water level
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sq.m) (m) (m)
0.000 373.199 376.000 2.801
5.000 372.068 376.000 3.932 3.367 5 16.833 1.131 5.126
8.000 371.809 376.000 4.191 4.062 3 12.185 0.259 3.011
20.000 371.295 376.000 4.705 4.448 12 53.376 0.514 12.011
35.000 371.309 376.000 4.691 4.698 15 70.470 0.014 15.000
50.000 371.436 376.000 4.564 4.628 15 69.413 0.127 15.001
75.000 371.220 376.000 4.780 4.672 25 116.800 0.216 25.001
85.000 371.832 376.000 4.168 4.474 10 44.740 0.612 10.019
90.000 373.746 376.000 2.254 3.211 5 16.055 1.914 5.354

4.586 Σ 399.870 Σ 90.522

Area of Cross Section A = 399.870 Sqm

Perimeter P = 90.522 m
Hydraulic mean depth R = 4.417 m
Rugosity co-efficient n = 0.030
Bed slope of stream S = 0.0012
Velocity (R2/3*S1/2/n) V = 3.067 m/s
Discharge (A*V) Q = 1226.203 cumecs

C/s at 20m D/S

377.000
376.000
375.000
Bed Level

374.000
373.000
372.000
371.000
370.000
0.000 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000 80.000 90.000 100.000

Chainage

Distance (in m)
Bed Level (in m)
HFL (in m)
 ii) Cross Section at 200 m D/S from centre line

Avg. Vertical
Depth of Wetted
Chainage Bed level HFL Depth of Distance Area Ht at Bed
water perimeter
water level
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sq.m) (m) (m)
-5.000 373.919 376.000 2.081
0.000 371.522 376.000 4.478 3.280 5 16.398 2.397 5.545
5.000 370.943 376.000 5.057 4.768 5 23.838 0.579 5.033
8.000 370.879 376.000 5.121 5.089 3 15.267 0.064 3.001
33.000 370.788 376.000 5.212 5.166 25 129.163 0.091 25.000
63.000 371.063 376.000 4.937 5.075 30 152.235 0.275 30.001
66.000 371.744 376.000 4.256 4.596 3 13.790 0.681 3.076
70.000 372.541 376.000 3.459 3.857 4 15.430 0.797 4.079
75.000 373.215 376.000 2.785 3.122 5 15.610 0.674 5.045
Σ 381.73 Σ 80.78

Area of Cross Section A = 381.73 sqm

Perimeter P = 80.8 m
Hydraulic mean depth R = 4.73 m
Rugosity co-efficient n = 0.0300
Bed slope of stream S = 0.0012
Velocity (R2/3*S1/2/n) V = 3.21 m/s
Discharge (A*V) Q = 1224.396 cumecs
C/s at 200m on D/s side

377.000
376.000
375.000
Bed Level

374.000
373.000
372.000
371.000
370.000
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Distance (in m)
Chainage
Bed Level (in m)
HFL (in m)
 iii) Cross Section at 200 m U/S from centre line

Avg. Vertical
Depth of Wetted
Chainage Bed level HFL Depth of Distance Area Ht at Bed
water perimeter
water level
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sq.m) (m) (m)
0.000 373.422 376.000 2.578
5.000 372.571 376.000 3.429 3.003 5 15.017 0.851 5.072
7.000 372.095 376.000 3.905 3.667 2 7.334 0.476 2.056
15.000 370.161 376.000 5.839 4.872 8 38.976 1.934 8.230
35.000 370.573 376.000 5.427 5.633 20 112.660 0.412 20.004
45.000 371.278 376.000 4.722 5.075 10 50.745 0.705 10.025
65.000 371.687 376.000 4.313 4.517 20 90.350 0.409 20.004
70.000 371.930 376.000 4.070 4.191 5 20.958 0.243 5.006
75.000 372.489 376.000 3.511 3.791 5 18.953 0.559 5.031

Σ 354.99 Σ 75.43

Area of Cross Section A = 354.99 sqm

Perimeter P = 75.4 m
Hydraulic mean depth R = 4.71 m
Rugosity co-efficient n = 0.0300
Bed slope of stream S = 0.0012
Velocity (R2/3*S1/2/n) V = 3.20 m/s
Discharge (A*V) Q = 1135.558 cumecs

C/s at 100 m on U/s side

377.000
376.000
375.000
Bed Level

374.000
373.000
372.000
371.000
370.000
369.000
0.000 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000 80.000

Chainage
Distance (in m)
Bed Level (in m)
HFL (in m)

4 Mean discharge
Based on Discharge Calculations at different locations
Avearge section of river = 378.864 Sq.m
Mean Velocity = 3.158 m/sec
Average discharge by AV method = 1195.386 Cumecs
Discharge near bridge crossing = 1226.203 Cumecs
Discharge by Area Velocity Method = 1226.203 Cumecs
(Max of average or discharge near crossing)

5 Design discharge
Discharge by Rational Method = 1252.783 Cumecs
Discharge by Area Velocity Method = 1226.203 Cumecs
Discharge by SUH Method = 2641.640 Cumecs
 Comparing all above discharges,
Maximum Discharge of Above methods = 2641.640 Cumecs
Second Highest discharge = 1252.783 Cumecs
Increase second highest discharge by 50% = 1879.174 cumecs

Hence Design Discharge = 1879.174 Cumecs

6 Peak Flood Discharge (Adopted in design report) = 1879.174 Cumecs

7 Calculation of Waterway cum check for Afflux

i) Design discharge Q = 1879.174 cumecs
Velocity of river V = 3.639 m/s
Area of section at bridge A = 516.871 sqm
Low bed level = 371.295
Observed HFL = 376.000
Design HFL 377.300
Sill level = 371.300
Depth of water d = 3.500
Average Width of Pier = 1.000 m
Available waterway A1 8 20 3.50 = 560.000
Linear Water Way = 195.072
Bank to bank width at HFL = 150.000
Linear Water Way provided = 151.000

As per IRC:89 1997: Appendix 1a para 4.6.3.,

There is no afflux as the waterway has not been constricted .
Afflux H [(v²/17.88)+.0015]*[(A/A1)²-1] = -0.112

ii) Mean depth of scour

Design discharge for foundation (increase by 30%) = 2443
Ksf for clay has been calculated using
Ksf = F(1+( c)0.5 ) (as per IRC: 78_ Cl-703.2.2.2)
Silt factor (Ksf) (for CLAY) = 2.200

Normal depth of scour (Dsm=0.473*((Q/Ksf)1/3)) = 4.898

As the length of the bridge is contracted (less than the regime width)
Discharge per metre width (q) = 16.178
Mean depth of scour dsm= 1.34(q^2/ Ksf)^1/3 = 6.486

8 Scour depth
HFL = 377.300
Lowest Bed level = 371.30
NSL = 373.20

For Abutments
Maximum scour depth, (Dm=1.27 x Dsm) = 8.24
Maximum scour level (HFL-Dm) = 369.062
For Piers
Maximum scour depth, (Dm=2 x Dsm) = 12.97
Maximum scour level (HFL-Dm) = 364.327
3. FIXING HFL

Bridge @ C/L

DESIGN DISCHARGE 1879.174

Bed slope= 0.0012

DESIGN HFL = 377.3

Avg. Vertical Ht
Depth of Wetted
Chainage Bed level HFL Depth of Distance Area at Bed
water perimeter
water level
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sq.m) (m) (m)
0.000 373.199 377.300 4.101
5.000 372.068 377.300 5.232 4.667 5 23.333 1.131 5.126
8.000 371.809 377.300 5.491 5.362 3 16.085 0.259 3.011
20.000 371.295 377.300 6.005 5.748 12 68.976 0.514 12.011
35.000 371.309 377.300 5.991 5.998 15 89.970 0.014 15.000
50.000 371.436 377.300 5.864 5.928 15 88.913 0.127 15.001
75.000 371.220 377.300 6.080 5.972 25 149.300 0.216 25.001
85.000 371.832 377.300 5.468 5.774 10 57.740 0.612 10.019
90.000 373.746 377.300 3.554 4.511 5 22.555 1.914 5.354

Σ 516.871 Σ 90.522

Area of Cross Section A = 516.871 Sqm

Perimeter P = 90.522 m
Hydraulic mean depth R = 5.710 m
Rugosity co-efficient n = 0.030
Bed slope of stream S = 0.0012
Velocity (R2/3*S1/2/n) V = 3.639 m/s
Discharge (A*V) Q = 1880.759 cumecs

C/s at 20m D/S

378.000
377.000
376.000
Bed Level

375.000
374.000
373.000
372.000
371.000
370.000
0.000 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000 80.000 90.000 100.000

Chainage

Distance (in m)
Bed Level (in m)
HFL (in m)
9 CATCHMENT AREA

PROPOSED
BRIDGE

BRIDGE ACROSS JAM RIVER

CATCHMENT AREA- 975 SQKM
LENGTH OF LONGEST STREAM
- 59 KM HEAD
=524-371= 153M