Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Lord Lister
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR
FIRST CLINICAL YEAR 4. Differential staining methods.
5. Growth requirement of bacteria and describe their 17. Dry heat sterilization (2)
gaseous requirements.
18. Hot air oven(4)
6. Sterilization methods, HEPA filter, Protocol to
19. Sterilization by chemical agents microbial agents
sterilize major surgical OT
and
7. Sterilization by moist heat, Autoclave,
Disinfectants.(2) 20. Non sporing anaerobes (2)
55.Immunoflourescence endotoxin
8. Passive immunity
9. Adjuvants(1)
10. IgG
11. IgM(3)
12. Ig A , (Secretary IgA)(3)
13. IgE (2)
14. Lymphokines
45. Autoimmunity (3)
15. B lymphocyte (3)
46. Mechanism of autoimmunization
16. T – lymphocyte (3)
47. GVH Reaction
17. T cell subsets
48. Oncofetal antigen
18. Cell mediated Immunity and T-Lymphocytes(2)
49. Protocols for safe blood transfusion
19. Antigen presenting cells
50. Human leukocyte antigen
20. NK cells
51. MHC
21. Precipitation in gel
52.Abnormal Ag
22. Compliment fixation test
53.Immunological tolerance
23. Heterophile antigen
54.Hemolytic disease of the new
24. Applications of agglutination reactions
born/erythroblastosis fetalis
25. Passive agglutination (3) 55.herd immunity
26. Coombs test (3) 56.Tumour antigens (2)
27. Western blot technique(1) 57.Immunosurveillance
28. ELISA 58.Systemic autoimmunity
29. Applications of ELISA (2) 59.Theories of immune response
30. Antibody sensitivity test 60.Agglutination reaction
33. Complement
36. Anaphylaxis
microbiology
V.cholerae
ESSAYS
17. Y.pestis, lab diagnosis of plague
1. Classify streptococci, details about infective
18. Zoonosis, bacteria causing zoonotic diseases,
endocarditis
details about leptospirosis
2. Causes of meningitis and its pathogenicity, lab
19. Zoonotic bacterial diseases, details about
diagnosis, role of BACTEC in rapid diagnosis of
brucellosis
causative agents in bacterial meningitis
20. Classify Mycobacteria , details about
3. Bacteria causing meningitis, details about
pulmonary tuberculosis and lab diagnosis (6)
acute pyogenic meningitis caused by any one
21. Classify Spirochetes, details about diagnosis
of them
of syphilis
4. Organism causing meningitis, lab diagnosis of
22. Organism causing STDs, details about syphilis
meningococcal Meningitis (2), / lab diagnosis
(4)
of cerebrospinal fever
23. Bacteria causing UTI, details about lab
5. C.diptheriae , add note on it’s prophylaxis
diagnosis of UTI
6. B.antharacis (2)
24. Bordetella pertussis-Etiology,pathogeneis and lab
7. Biological weapons, organism used as diagnosis
biological weapon, details about B.anthracis 25. Leptospirosis
8. Classify clostridia , details about clostridium
45. Lab diagnosis of pulmonary TB (3) 79. Distinguish between alpha haemolytic streptococci
and pneumococci80.ETEC
46. Extra pulmonary TB
81.Listeria monocytogenes
18. Name the three special species of brucella
82.Clostridiun perfringens and toxins
19. Mantoux test
83. Non suppurative streptococcal disease
20. X and V factors
84. Anaerobic vaginitis
85.Melioidosis
6. Name four specific serologic tests for syphilis 15. Lab diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis
19. Various methods for isolation of viruses in lab 30. Lab Diagnosis of HBV
33. Slow viruses / slow viral disease of man and prions different plasmodia
(2) 3. Parasitic zoonotic diseases, details about
34. Viral hemorrhagic fever (5) toxoplasmosis
35. Rota Virus (3) 4. Classify cestodes, details taenia solium , lab
36. Viral diarrhea (4) diagnosis of tap worm infection (3)
37. Mechanism of Viral oncogenesis (2) 5. Classify cestodes, details about Echinococcus
40. Lab diagnosis AIDS (2) ankylostoma duodenale, lab diagnosis of hook
41. Methods of HIV transmission worm infection and enumerate parasites causing
8. Universal precautions
44. Onchocerca valvulus
9. Milk born diseases and prevention
4. PCR
10. Presumptive coliform count
5. Role of vectors in transmission of infectious agents
11. Emerging and Reemerging infections
6. Normal microbial flora
5. Trichomonas Vaginalis.
7. Complications of ascariasis
(roundworm infestation).
causing a. Anemia
17. chlamydospore
SHORT NOTES:
1.UTI – lab diagnosis (2)
2.Antibiogram
3.Universal precautions
PATHOLOGY
PAPER I 2.ACUTE AND CHRONIC
1. CELLULAR ADAPTATION, CELL INFLAMATION
4. Leukotrienes
1. Metastatic calcification (3)
5. Adhesion molecules
2. Necrosis (2)
6. Leucocyte endothelium adhesion molecules
3. Phagocytosis (5)
7. Granulomatous inflammation(2)
4. Gangrenous necrosis
8. Fungal granulomas
5. Difference between the dysplastic and
9. Pathogenesis of TB granuloma
metastatic calcification
10.Arachidinic metoblites in inflammation
6. Free radical cell injury (5)
11.Outcomes of acute inflammation
7. Dystropic calcification and examples (2)
12.Defects in glucoside function
8. Fat necrosis
13. Vascular events in acute inflammation
9. Cellular swelling
14.Chemokines
10. Pathological calcification(2)
3. Wound healing second intention, difference 10. Amniotic fluid embolism (2)
between the first and second intention, factor 11. Air embolism (2)
5.GENETIC DISORDERS:
4.HEMODYNAMIC DISORDERS
SHORT NOTES:
ESSAY: 1. Turner’s syndrome (7)
1. Thrombosis (7) 2. Klinefelter’s syndrome (6)
2. Define, classify , pathogenecity & morphology 3. Sex chromatin (2)
of septic shock (7) 4. Gaucher’s disease (3)
3. Edema, etiopathogenesis ,pathophysiology of 5. G6PD deficiency anemia
generalized edema, clinical significance of cerebral 6. Hypercholestrolemia (2)
and pulmonary edema (2) 7. X linked diseases
4. Edema, classification, etiopathogenesis of 8. Down syndrome (2)
various types of edema and examples (2) 9. Niemann pick disease (2)
10. Trisomy 21
16. Retinoblastoma
7.NEOPLASIA 17. Hamartoma (2)
ESSAY: 18. Tumor antigens
1. Classify neoplasia, difference between benign 19. Grading and staging of tumor (2)
1. Define Gangrene , types, details about gas 3. Hemolytic diseases of newborn (5)
2. TB 5. Kwashiorkor (2)
8. Miliary TB (2)
11.RED BLOOD CELL AND BLEEDING
9. Primary Atypical pneumonia DISRODERS
10. Gangrene – pathogenesis (2)
ESSAY:
11. Difference between the dry and wet gangrene
1. Classify hemolytic anemia, details about sickle
12. Leprosy
cell disease (4)
13. Mycetoma
2. Classify bleeding disorders and its lab
14. Tertiary syphilis
investigations
15. Immunology of leprosy
3. Classify hemolytic anemia, compare
16. Viral haemorrhagic fever
etiopathogenesis and lab findings of
17. Morphology of leprosy
Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia
18. Morphology of Pulmonary tuberculosis
4. Classify anemia, details about iron deficiency 20. Osmotic fragility test
5. How will you interpret bone marrow, bone 22. DIC lab diagnosis (3)
15. Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma 15. Mention 4 indications of bone marrow
18. Lab investigation of plasma cell myeloma 17. Henoch – Schonlein purpura
OTHERS:
1.Automatic tissue processor (2)
2. Protiens in urine
4. Cystic fibrosis
SHORT ANSWERS:
1. What are different types of necrosis?
3. Fate of thrombi
rearrangements
9. Define leukemia
10. Microscopic picture of acute appendicitis
1. A farmer 45 year old with severe breathlessness. O/E severe pallor nails, mucus membrane. Diagnosis? Etiology? Lab
diagnosis?
2. 40 year old male with H/O chronic fatigue, weight loss for 6 months. O/E pallor, marked splenomagaly +, Find out the
characteristic peripheral blood finding and course of disease
Lab reports:
Hb 10 g%
TC: 215000 cell per cumm
Platelet 4 lakh per cumm
3. A 70 yr old woman admitted with anemia and pathological fracture of the humerus had on ESR of
120mm in one hour. Her peripheral smear showed
increased rouleax formation. Xray of skull shows multiple punched out osteolytic lesions.
a. diagnosis , etiopathogenesis
b. bone marrow changes
c. laboratory investigations
d. complications
4.A 40 yr male with normocytic normochromic anemia, pathological fractures of femur and proteinuria, X-ray revealed
punched out lesions in calvarium and peripheral smear shows rouleax formation
a. diagnosis
b. pathogenesis, morphology and clinical feature of above said disorders
5. A 23 yr female presented with oral ulcer, malar rash, photo sensitivity and non-erosive arthiritis involving both
knees. Laboratory investigations show persistent proteinuria and leucopenia
a. Diagnosis
b . Pathogenesis and morphology of kidney
6. A 40 yr old male presented with h/o fever, vomiting, diarrhea. Patient had a temperature of 103 F. Weak rapid pulse,
hypotension, tachypnoea. Cold, clammy, cyanotic skin. Blood culture - gram negative bacterial infection positive.
a. diagnosis
b. explain pathogenesis and morphology
7. A 12 yr old boy weighing 70 kg doesn’t play any outdoor games and is always in front of his play-station with snacks
beside him. What is he having? What are the methods to assess it.
What is etiopathogenesis. Enumerate the complications
PATHOLOGY 6. Fallot’s tetrology
8. Enzymes in MI
1.BLOOD VESSELS
9. Frozen section
ESSAY: 10.Dilated Cardiomyopathy (2)
1. Atherosclerosis (3) 11. Vegetation of heart
2. Atheroma , risk factors for atherosclerosis , role of 12. Infarct morphology
lipid and endothelial injury , and its pathogenesis (2)
3.THE LUNG
SHORT NOTES:
ESSAY:
1. Buerger’s disease (TAO)
1. Bronchogenic carcinoma –etiopathogenesis and
2. Dissecting aneurysm (4) morphology of various subtypes (2)
3. Heart vegetation 2. Classify bronchogenic carcinoma, details
4. Atheromatous plaque about small cell carcinoma
5. HUS 3. Bronchial asthma (2)
6. Hamartoma 4. Define and classify emphysema, details about
7.Anuerysm panacinar emphysema
8.Consequence of artherosclerotic disease 5. Emphysema (2)
9. Raynaud’s Phenomenon 6. Lobar pneumonia
2. THE HEART
SHORT NOTES:
ESSAY:
1. Oat cell carcinoma (3)
1. MI (2)
2. Bronchiectasis (7)
2. Infective endocarditis / bacterial endocarditis
3. Good pasteur’s syndrome
(2)
4. Carcinoid tumors of lung (2)
3. Define Rheumatic fever, details about RHD(3)
5. Silicosis (2)
6. Bronchoalveolar carcinoma
7. Mesothelioma (2)
SHORT NOTES:
8. Etiopathology of CA lung
1. Rheumatic cardiac lesion
9. Small cell carcinoma lung (2)
2. Lab diagnosis of acute MI (2)
10. Pneumoconiosis (4)
3. Hypertensive heart disease
11. Asbestosis
4. Infective endocarditis
12. ARDS (2)
5. Cardiac lesions in RHD
13. Pathology of bronchial asthma
5. Paraganglioma
ESSAY:
1. Classify cirrhosis details about portal
cirrhosis
5. GIT
2. Classify cirrhosis of liver, details about
ESSAY: alcoholic cirrhosis / any one of the most
1. IBD, crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (5) common type (6)
2. Peptic ulcer 3. PM appearance of cirrhosis of liver
3. Ulcerative lesions of small and large 4. Tumours of liver- classification, etiopathology and
intestine
diagnosis
(2)
SHORT NOTES:
SHORT NOTES:
1. Cholelithiasis (7) 8. THE KIDNEY
2. Investigation of viral hepatitis (2)
ESSAY:
3. Grey hepatitization
1. Classify acute glomerular nephritis, details
4. Chronic acute hepatitis (4)
about acute post streptococcal glomerulo
5. Etioclassification of liver cirrhosis (2)
nephritis (2)
6. Morphology of alcoholic liver disease (5)
2. Chronic pyleonephritis (2)
7. Chronic persistent hepatitis (3)
3. Mechanism of glomerular injury in primary
8. LDL
glomerular diseases
9. Gall stones (2)
4. Nephritic syndrome
10. Lab diagnosis of hepatitis (2) 5. Nephrotic syndrome.
1. Cervical cancer (4) 5. Phyllodes tumor breast and Mention the stromal
tumours(3)
2. Classify ovarian tumor, details about germ
6. Gynaecomastia (2)
cell ovarian tumor (2)
7. Prognostic and predictive factors of carcinoma
3. Mucinous cystadenoma of ovary breast
4. Classify ovarian tumour. Detail about serous 8. Fibroadenoma
tumour
SHORT NOTES:
12.THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
1. Endometriosis (3)
2. Uterus leiomyomas
ESSAY:
3. Choriocarcinoma 1.Etiopathogenesis of diabetes and complication
4. Cervical carcinoma etiopathology (4) 2. Neoplam of thyroid. Explain in detail about papillary
CA of thyroid
5. CIN (5)
15. Osteochondroma
1. Malignant melanoma (3)
16. Rhabdomycosarcoma
2. Precancerous lesion skin (2)
3. Intradermal naevus
4. Astrocytoma (4)
14.BONES, JOINTS, AND SOFT 5. Neuro fibroma
TISSUE TUMORS 6. Glioblastoma
2. A 15 year old boy presents with huge swelling around knee with stretched out shiny skin, X-
ray shows bony mass in the lower third of femur with soft tissue involvement and sun ray appearance . Detail the lesion
.
3. A 52 year old male was admitted with persistent abdominal pain, gastric distention and vomiting , he had H/O loss of
appetite and loss of weight and hematemesis, Diagnosis and etiopathogenesis?
4. A 74 year old male presented with altered bowel habits, tarry stool , loss of weight, fatigue, weakness of six month
duration after an endoscopic biopsy colon left hemicolectomy was done. Diagnosis ? etiopathogenesis , morphology of
target organ.
5. 40 year old female present with post coital bleeding, foul smelling discharge PV, she lost
15 % weight in two months with loss appetite.
Diagnosis? Etiopathogenesis & morphology of target organ(2)
6. 20 year old female, H/o pain, swelling, tenderness over the lower end of right femur for the past three month,
suddenly developed breathlessness, during her treatment and
died , clinical autopsy conducted. Diagnosis ?
Two investigation to arrive at diagnosis . Etiopathogenesis , gross microscopy of lesion, two autopsy confirmed lesion
leading to death. (2)
7. A 30yr old man with history painless cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy with h/o loss of weight, fever and night
sweating and was found to have cutaneous allergy. No hepatosplenomegaly
a.diagnosis
b.manifestation of condition c. morphology of any 2 types
8. A 50 yr old man collapses suddenly while climbing the stairs with severe chest pain and profuse sweating.
a. clinical diagnosis
b. etiopathogenesis
c. complications
d. risk factors.
e. biochemical test and their role in diagnosis
9. A 12 yr old boy presented with fever oliguria and highly colored urine. He had sore throat 3 weeks back.
a. diagnosis
b.etiopathogenesis
c. releveant investigations
10. A 13 yr old female with massive edema ,puffiness of face, decreased urine
a. diagnosis
b. probabale renal pathology
c. write in detail about minimal change disease
11. A 44 yr old nullparous women presented with hard,fixed non tender mass of about 6*4*4 cms in the upper outer
quadrant of right breast with axillary lymphadenopathy.
a. diagnosis
b. detail the prognostic and predictive factors of your diagnosis
12. An 8 yr old boy with old scars of scabies skin lesion with history of hematuria, oliguria and puffiness of face.
a. diagnosis
b. etiopathogenesis and lab diagnosis
13. A 50 yr old male painless firm testicular swelling with loss of testicular sensation.
a. diagnosis
b. classification and etiopathogenesis
14. A 47 yr male patient with acute onset of dyspnoea, profuse sweating, chest pain radiating to left shoulder.
Lab investigations: eleveated troponin T
a.diagnosis
b. pathogenesis c.morphology
15. A 60 yr old male patient with anemia, loss of weight, persistent abdominal pain, distention and vomiting, upper GI
endoscopy and biopsy done.
a. diagnosis
b. etiopathogenesis and morphology
16. A 65 yr male patient presented with bleeding PR. Colonoscopy- rectosigmoid hard mass
a. Diagnosis
b. Discuss various neoplasm arising in rectosigmoi and write in detail about morphological types and staging systems
SHORT ANSWERS:
1. What are the different stages of Pneumonia?
9. Features of diabetic retinopathy
2. Enumerate 4 different types of Emphysema
10. Different types of giant cells
3. 2 differences between crohn’s disease &
11. Exfoliative cytology
Ulcerative colitis
12. mention four pre-malignant – lesions
4. Gross differences between benign and
13. Gohn’s lesion (2)
malignant ulcers of stomach
14. Cerebrospinal fluid finding in pyogenic
5. Enumerate 4 different types of renal
meningitis
stones
15. Mention four opportunistic infections in AIDS
6. Microscopic feature of leiomyoma
16. Cryptorchidism
7. Mention 2 important microscopic features of
17. Analgesic nephropathy
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
18. Mention four germ cell tumors
8. Enumerate 2 radiological features of
19. Condyloma acuminatum (warts)
osteosarcoma
20. 4 Pathological effects of gall stones.
16.SKELETAL MUSCLE SYSTEM:
1.Ducheme muscular dystrophy
OTHERS:
5. chemoprophylaxis
SHORT NOTES:
6. Post marketing surveillance during newer 1. Timolol
9. Advantages of metaprolol
13. Blood brain barrier
21. Aspirin
20. Ipratropium bromide
22. Sumatriptan
21. Dicyclomaine
23. Methotrexate
22. Mydriatics
4.HORMONES
23. Uroselective alpha blockers.
ESSAYS:
3. AUTACOIDS
1. Drugs in DM – Mech. of action, Adverse
ESSAYS:
Effects or oral hypoglycemics (2)
1. Analgesics (non-narcotic) – Mechanism, uses of
2. Antithyroid drugs – Mech. Of action, thyroid
salicylates (4)
crisis, thionamides (2)
2. NSAIDs – Actions, uses & adverse effects of aspirin
3. Glucocorticoids, Pharmacological actions,
(4)
uses, precautions on long term therapy
3. Classify H1 receptor blockers, mast cell stabilisers,
4. Classify anti - fertility agents
pharmacology, H2 receptor blockers, uses
5. classify oral hypoglycemic drugs (2)
SHORT NOTES:
6. classify adrenal corticosteroids (2)
1. Second generation antihistamines
7. Hormonal contraception- various methods ,
2. D – penicillamine (3) mechanism of action and complictions
19. Tocolytic agents (3) uses, Adverse effects . α -tubocurarine its action and
37. Zoledronate
41. Gonadotropins- uses and adverse effects uses . Dopamine agonist and L-dopa(4)
45. Clinical uses of somatostatin and octreotide Side effects of 3 groups of drugs. Diphenyl hydantoin
ESSAY: 17.Statins
1. Diuretics – Mechanism, adverse effects (2) 18. Epsilon amino caproic acid
19. GP IIB/IIIA antagonists
7. Urokinase 9. Pantoprazole
6. cefotaxime
ESSAY:
7. INH
1. Antimalarial drugs – classify, mechanism,
8. Gentamycin (2)
uses, adverse effects of chloroquine, Drug
9. Artemisinin derivatives
therapy for P. vivax (4)
10. Rifampicin (3)
2. Antiamoebic drugs. Nitroimidazole, nitazoxanid,
metronidazole- mechanism of action, spectrum of 11. Niclosamide
activity and uses
12. Cotrimoxazole (4)
3. Antileprotic drugs (3)
13. Amphotericin B
4. Antituberculous treatment – Classify, uses,
14. Antiamoebic drugs
Adverse effects .short course treatment of TB(4)
15. Praziquantel
5. Penicillin – Classify, spectrum, uses, adverse
16. Metronidazole (7)
effect of benzyl penicillin G (3)
17. Ketoconazole (4)
6. ß – lactum antibiotic – mechanism, adverse
18. Albendazole(2)
effects, uses any 3
19. Fluoroquinolones & therapeutic uses
7. Antiviral drugs – mechanism, action, adverse
20. Quinolones (2)
effect, uses in AIDS. (2)
21. Treatment of Chloroquine resistant malaria
8. Tetracycline (4)
22. Primaquine
9. Classify the drugs used in the treatment of
23. Short term therapy of TB
fungal infection. Ketaconazole – action, uses and
adverse effects (2) 24. Multidrug therapy of TB (2)
10. Classification of Macrolide antibiotics , 25. Zidovudine or Azidothymidine (2)
Erythromycin 26. Mebendazole
11. Aminoglyocside antibiotics- mechanism of action, 27. Broad Spectrum penicillins
adverse effects, therapeutic uses of gentamycin
28. Drugs used in syphilis
29. Management of UTI 64. Fusion inhibitors in HIV infections
33. 3rd generation cephalosporins (3) 68. Artemisinin based combination therapy
3. Penicillamine
6. Vit A (2)
ESSAY:
7. Vit C
1.Antimetabolites used in neoplastic disease-
classification. Mechanism of action of methotrexate , 8. Desferrioxamine or Desferal (2)
uses and treatment of methotrexate toxicity 9. Sun screens
SHORT NOTES: 10. Mycophenolate Mofetil
action , adverse effects, uses of calcinurin inhibitors and their therapeutic uses
prophylaxis of migraine.
23. Dimercaprol
the rationale.
31. Mention four 2nd generation cephalosporins.
indication.
route of administration.
3. Dactylography (5)
2.MEDICAL LAW AND ETHICS 4. Application of X-ray in FM
ESSAY: 5. Superimposition
1. The functions and state medical council and 6. Tattoo marks (2)
4. Infamous animation
SHORTNOTES:
7.MECHANICAL INJURIES 1. Grievous hurt (5)
2. Indecent assault
ESSAY:
3. Section 320 IPC
1. Mechanical injuries, Difference between
4. Dowry death
Suicidal and homicidal / Difference between
5. Defence wounds
laceration and inside wounds. (2)
4. Joule burn
SHORTNOTES:
7. Genital examination in rape victim
11.MECHANICAL ASPHYXIA
8. Section 375 of I.P.C
ESSAY:
9. Collection of evidence in rape cases
1. Define & Classify hanging & discuss complete
10. Inter sex and its medico legal importance
hanging (2)
11. Sodomy (2)
2. Classify asphyxial forms of death and difference
12. Masturbation
between hanging and strangulation by ligature (2)
13. Sexual perversions
3. Various types of violent Asphyxial Death ,
14. Custodial Rape
Signs, symptoms, Treatment & post mortem
15. Masochism
appearance of Drowning
16. Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP act
SHORT NOTES: 1971) (4)
1. Manual strangulation 17. Rules of MTP
2. Postmortem finding in throttling 18. Maceration (3)
3. Fracture of hyoid bone (3) 19. Dead born foetus
4. Traumatic asphyxia (2) 20. Signs of live birth
5. Café coronary 21. Hydrostatic test (2)
6. Postmorterm appearance of drowning (2) 22. Crib death (SIDS)
7. Gettlers test 23. Disputed paternity
24. Precipitin Test
8. Diatoms test
25. Acid digestion test
9. Sexual asphyxia
26. Pond fracture.
10. Bansdola
CHAPTERS 15 - 20
21. FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY
ESSAY:
ESSAY :
1. Artificial insemination (4)
1. The restraints of an Insane person
2. Define Rape & Examination of Victim (4)
3. Impulse
SHORTNOTES:
4. Obsession
1. Hymen (3)
5. Civil responsibility of insane person
2. Signs of virginity
6. Testamentary capacity insanity (2)
3. Battered baby syndrome
7. Mc Naughten’s Rules
4. Gonadal dysgenesis
8. A.L.I Test
5. Super foetation
9. Criminal responsibility of mentally ill person
6. Signs of recent delivery in the dead
10. Kleptomania
8. Phytotoxin
1. Classify poisons & the duties of a doctor in a case of 16. Run amok (2)
10. Hippus
12. Sulphuric acid poisoning
11. Perjury
7. Mechanical poisons