Problem 9-19 Optimum min(Using Example 9-8) Network

Input Data: := 0.35 MAR := 0.15

Stream Data:
Stream S1
kJ Stream S2
CP_S1 := 50
s• C kJ
CP_S2 := 55
In_S1_spec := 20 C s• C
In_S2_spec := 120 C
Out_S1_spec := 160 C
Out_S2_spec := 260 C
xS1a := 0.48

CP_S1a := xS1a • CP_S1

(
CP_S1b := 1 − xS1a • CP_S1 )
Stream S3 Stream S4
kJ kJ
CP_S3 := 30 CP_S4 := 40
s• C s• C
In_S3_spec := 280 C In_S4_spec := 180 C

Out_S3_spec := 60 C Out_S4_spec := 20 C
Hot Utility Cold Utility
T_HOS := 320 C T_CWS := 10 C

T_HOR := 310 C T_CWR := 20 C

−6 −6
CHO := 2.25 • 10 $/kJ CCW := 0.25 • 10 $/kJ

Exchanger Capital Cost Estimate

0.6
Cost_Exchr ( A ) := 1000 • A where A is the surface area in m 2
Exchanger Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients
W W W W
UE1 := 1 UE2 := 1 UE3 := 1 UE4 := 1
2 2 2 2
m •s m •s m •s m •s
W W W
UE5 := 1 UC1 := 1 UH1 := 1
2 2 2
m •s m •s m •s
Set up calculations for sequence of T min
Pinch Information
Tpinch := 120 C klast := 81 DT first := 2 DT last := 22

k := 1 , 2 .. klast

:=
(DTlast − DTfirst)
klast − 1
 :=
(DTlast − DTfirst) Tmin := DT first + ( k − 1) • Sequence of Tmin
klast − 1 k

Define Functions Useful In Calculations

QDOT ( CP , T) := CP • T Heat Rate
( T1 − T2 )
TLM ( T1 , T2 ) := log-mean temperature difference
 T1 
ln  
 T2 
QDOT
Area ( QDOT , U , LMTD) := Exchanger Surface Area
U • LMTD
For network on p.432 - starting at the pinch - calculations repeated for each k
Exchanger E-3
In_S4E3 := In_S4_spec
Out_S4E3 k := Tpinch + Tmin
k
In_S2E3 := In_S2_spec

Tk := In_S4E3 − Out_S4E3 k
kJ
DQE3 := QDOT ( CP_S4 , Tk) Heat Rate
k s
DQE3
k
Out_S2E3 k := In_S2E3 +
CP_S2

T1 k := In_S4E3 − Out_S2E3 k

T2 k := Out_S4E3 k − In_S2E3

LMTD_E3 k := TLM ( T1 k , T2 k)

A E3 := Area  DQE3 , UE3 , LMTD_E3 k

k k 
CE3 := Cost_Exchr  A E3  $
k  k

Exchanger E-2
In_S4E2k := Out_S4E3 k

In_S1bE2 := In_S1_spec

Out_S1bE2 := Tpinch

T := Out_S1bE2 − In_S1bE2

kJ
s
 kJ
DQE2 := QDOT ( CP_S1b , T) Heat Rate
s
DQE2
Out_S4E2 k := In_S4E2k −
CP_S4
T1 k := In_S4E2k − Out_S1bE2

T2 k := Out_S4E2 k − In_S1bE2

LMTD_E2 k := TLM ( T1 k , T2 k)

2
(
A E2 := Area DQE2 , UE2 , LMTD_E2 k
k
) m

CE2 := Cost_Exchr  A E2  $
k  k

Exchanger E-4
Out_S1E4 := Out_S1_spec

In_S1E4 := Tpinch

Out_S3E4 k := Tpinch + Tmin

k
T := Out_S1E4 − In_S1E4

kJ
DQE4 := QDOT ( CP_S1 , T) Heat Rate
s
DQE4
In_S3E4k := Out_S3E4 k +
CP_S3

T1 k := In_S3E4k − Out_S1E4

T2 k := Out_S3E4 k − In_S1E4

LMTD_E4 k := TLM ( T1 k , T2 k)

2
(
A E4 := Area DQE4 , UE4 , LMTD_E4 k
k
) m

CE4 := Cost_Exchr  A E4  $
k  k

Exchanger E-1
In_S3E1k := Out_S3E4 k

Out_S3E1 := Out_S3_spec

In_S1aE1 := In_S1_spec

Out_S1aE1 := Out_S1bE2
Tk := In_S3E1k − Out_S3E1
 Tk := In_S3E1k − Out_S3E1
kJ
DQE1 := QDOT ( CP_S3 , Tk) Heat Rate
k s
T1 k := In_S3E1k − Out_S1aE1

T2 := Out_S3E1 − In_S1aE1

LMTD_E1 k := TLM ( T1 k , T2 )

2
A E1 := Area  DQE1 , UE1 , LMTD_E1 k m
k  k 
CE1 := Cost_Exchr  A E1  $
k  k

Exchanger E-5
In_S2E5k := Out_S2E3 k

In_S3E5 := In_S3_spec

Out_S3E5 k := In_S3E4k

Tk := In_S3E5 − Out_S3E5 k

kJ
DQE5 := QDOT ( CP_S3 , Tk) Heat Rate
k s
DQE5
k
Out_S2E5 k := In_S2E5k +
CP_S2
T1 k := In_S3E5 − Out_S2E5 k

T2 k := Out_S3E5 k − In_S2E5k

LMTD_E5 k := TLM ( T1 k , T2 k)

2
A E5 := Area  DQE5 , UE5 , LMTD_E5 k m
k  k 
CE5 := Cost_Exchr  A E5  $
k  k

Exchanger C-1
In_CWC1 := T_CWS

Out_CWC1 := T_CWR

In_S4C1k := Out_S4E2 k

Out_S4C1 := Out_S4_spec

Tk := In_S4C1k − Out_S4C1
kJ
s
 Tk := In_S4C1k − Out_S4C1
kJ
DQC1 := QDOT ( CP_S4 , Tk) Heat Rate
k s
T1 k := In_S4C1k − Out_CWC1
T2 := Out_S4C1 − In_CWC1

LMTD_C1 k := TLM ( T1 k , T2 )

2
A C1 := Area  DQC1 , UC1 , LMTD_C1 k m
k  k 
CC1 := Cost_Exchr  A C1  $
k  k
Exchanger H-1
In_S2H1 k := Out_S2E5 k

Out_S2H1 := Out_S2_spec

In_HOH1 := T_HOS

Out_HOH1 := T_HOR

Tk := Out_S2H1 − In_S2H1 k
kJ
DQH1 := QDOT ( CP_S2 , Tk) Heat Rate
k s
T1 k := Out_HOH1 − In_S2H1 k

T2 := In_HOH1 − Out_S2H1

LMTD_H1 k := TLM ( T1 k , T2 )
2
A H1 := Area  DQH1 , UH1 , LMTD_H1 k m
k  k 
CH1 := Cost_Exchr  A H1  $
k  k

Cost Summary
Cost_Hot k := DQH1 • CHO • 3600 • 24 • 365 $/y
k

Cost_Coldk := DQC1 • CCW • 3600 • 24 • 365 $/y

k

Cost_Util k := Cost_Hot k + Cost_Coldk

Cap_Exchr k := CE1 + CE2 + CE3 + CE4 + CE5 + CC1 + CH1 $

k k k k k k k

Ths := 5 • Cap_Exchr k $ Estimated Total Investment Cost

k
Cap_Exchr k
Ann_Depr k := $/y
7
CT := Cost_Util k • ( 1 − ) + Ann_Depr k • ( 1 − ) + MAR • Ths $/yTotal Annual Cost
k k

Construct Table of Answers and Plot

∆Tmin CT CUTIL
ANS k , 1 := Tmin 1 2 3
k
1 2 2.425?0 5 1.99?0 5
ANS k , 2 := CT 2 2.25 2.412?0 5 2.003?0 5
k 3 2.5 2.402?0 5 2.016?0 5
4 2.75 2.393?0 5 2.03?0 5
ANS k , 3 := Cost_Util k 5
5 3 2.386?0 2.043?0 5
6 3.25 2.379?0 5 2.056?0 5
7 3.5 2.374?0 5 2.069?0 5
ANS = 8 3.75 2.37?0 5 2.082?0 5
9 4 2.366?0 5 2.096?0 5
10 4.25 2.364?0 5 2.109?0 5
11 4.5 2.362?0 5 2.122?0 5
12 4.75 2.36?0 5 2.135?0 5
13 5 2.359?0 5 2.148?0 5
14 5.25 2.358?0 5 2.162?0 5
15 5.5 2.358?0 5 2.175?0 5
16 5.75 2.358?0 5 ...

Total Cost vs Delta T min

2.7

2.6
Total Cost (10^5 $)

(ANS〈2〉 )
2.5
5
10

2.4

2.3
2 2.83.64.45.2 6 6.87.68.49.21010.8
11.6
12.4
13.21414.8
15.6
16.4
17.21818.8
19.6
20.4
21.222
〈 1〉
ANS
Delta T min (C)
 Total Cost vs Delta T min
2.7

2.6
Total Cost (10^5 $)

(ANS〈2〉 )
2.5
5
10

2.4

2.3
2 2.83.64.45.2 6 6.87.68.49.21010.8
11.6
12.4
13.21414.8
15.6
16.4
17.21818.8
19.6
20.4
21.222
〈 1〉
ANS
Very flat optimum between T minof 5Delta
to 6Tdegrees
min (C) C. Largest exchanger area

is 181 m2.