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P A S T O R A L P O E T R Y. ㄴ subject complement : talking about the

- poetry that has to do with pastures – where subject
sheep are tended by shepherds - The hardest part is ORGANIZING the
- life if shepherds rather than the evils of the event.
city PARTICIPLES : functions only as an adjective,
- idealistic view of rural life usually appearing before the noun it modifies
- characters are innocent, pure, free from
corruption of city and court ㄴ present participle
- about death, ideal life, love - ends in -ing
CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE ----------------- - refreshing water
ㄴ English playwright, poet, translator of the ㄴ past participle
Elizabethan era - ends in -d, -ed, -t, -en, -n
- baked salmon
ㄴ greatly influenced Shakespeare (born in the
***participial phrases : participle + modifiers
same year as him)
ㄴcan appear in various places in a sentence
ㄴ THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE
SIR WALTER RALEIGH ------------------- F L A S H F I C T I O N .
ㄴ English writer, poet, soldier, courtier, - nano-fiction, micro-fiction, short stories,
explorer postcard fiction
ㄴ one of Queen Elizabeth’s favorites - max. 1000 words
- to tell a complete story in which every word
ㄴ THE NYMPH’S REPLY TO THE SHEPHERD is absolutely essential
- brief
V E R B A L S . - has a beginning, middle, and end
- a verb which functions as a different part of - twist/surprise at the end
speech (noun, adjective, etc.)
INFINITIVES : to + base form V I G N E T T E .
ㄴ subject - picture with words - can’t stand alone
- TO PROMOTE peace is one of the - incomplete plot
responsibilities of a great leader. - short, descriptive, poetic sketch
ㄴ complement of ‘be’; subject complement - short scene that captures a single moment or
a defining detail
- One of her wishes is TO HAVE world
- impressionistic scenes
peace.
ㄴ effect, feeling or image retained as a
ㄴ adjective : modifies nouns and pronouns
result of experience
- ‘IT’is definitely a movie TO WATCH.
- immersive moments
ㄴ adverb : modifies verbs, adjectives, adverbs
ㄴ engage wholly or deeply in something
- I realized I was too young TO REALIZE
HOW TO WRITE A VIGNETTE:
what was right or wrong.
1. establish contest
GERUNDS : verbs ending in -ing functioning as
2. keep it short and simple
a noun
3. decide on the structure
ㄴ subject 4. brainstorm
- EATING is the best when you are
stressed. :D ***Ernest Hemmingway : created 6-word stories
ㄴ direct object
- He misses SEEING his family everyday. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY .
- genre of writing where a writer makes an
ㄴ subject of the preposition
argument about an issue
- I helped her in DOING her homework.
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- convince readers to agree with your point of call for action : what people can do to help
view support your advocacy
F E A T U R E S
ㄴ highly persuasive and logical in nature THEATER & ONE-ACT PLAY TERMS .
- using facts and arguments that make one-act play : play & form of art that is
sense to convince your readers independent ; presents a single situation/conflict
where there are few characters being developed
ㄴ provides a clear thesis statement
playwright : the one who writes a play
- your stand on a certain issue
setting : place and time the scene/act takes
ㄴ supporting sources place
- real, reliable, and relevant characters : persons involved in the action of the
ㄴ has pros and cons play
ㄴ refutes opposing arguments
**protagonist : main character
- to go against using arguments/evidences
**antagonist : counterpart of ^^
S T E P S
1. choose topic plot : series of events arranged & unified to
2. make a pro and con list develop the theme
3. research & make notes dialogue : communicated the thoughts, feelings,
4. write outline desires, motives, ideas, etc. through
5. write draft the lines the character speaks
6. proofread theme : central point about the subject of the
7. rewrite final & edited version play; overall impact of the entire work
imagery : mental picture using vivid and
P A R T S : 5 paragraphs (one paragraph :‘ ) descriptive words or phrases
‘INTRODUCTION motif : theme that recurs within a literary work
hook : grabs attention symbolism : use of an object to represent an
introduction of issue : background of topic idea or quality greater than the
thesis statement : your stand as a writer object itself
summary of arguments : 2 reasons why readers dramatic irony : expected result is known to
should support ur stand readers but not to the characters
BODY tragic irony : result of one’s actions, which is
‘ARGUMENT 1 contrary to the character’s desire
topic sentence : 1 reason to support your stand juxtaposition : placement of 2 or more ideas,
supporting evidences : facts & statements characters, actions, or words side
supporting your argument by side to compare, contrast,
concluding sentence : summary of argument create effect, and develop a
‘ARGUMENT 2 character
(pareho lang sa argument 1) exposition : introduces characters, setting,
‘OPPOSITION AND REFUTATION important backgrounds
- has the opposing side’s view on the matter conflict : problem in the play
opposing argument : argument against you rising action : series of events that create
refuting statement : your defense against the tension and suspense
opposing argument climax : turning point of a play; point of highest
concluding sentence : summarize why opp. arg. tension; decisive moment
is incorrect/invalid falling action : series of events following the
‘CONCLUSION climax; tension settles down
restate thesis statement : restate your stand resolution : ending/conclusion; conflict resolved
paraphrased 2 arguments : paraphrase the 2 stage directions : instructions of the playwright
reasons people should that tell how he/she imagined
agree
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the play to be enacted and
shown onstage
blocking : smooth movement of actors around the
stage as they act and deliver lines
acting : use of the face, body, and voice to make
a character alive
dialog : lines that characters say and shows their
personality; also reveals the plot
monolog : long speech of a character in a
conversation
aside : character’s personal thoughts spoken
directly to audience, unheard by other
characters
soliloquy : long speech by a character to himself
chorus : delivered by a group of characters as a
narration
scenery : theatrical equipment that establish the
setting
costume : clothing & accessories worn by actors
props : movable objects that appear onstage
lights : suggest feeling or mood
sounds : intensifies a scene
makeup : painting, enhancing, altering the face