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1. Visit the National Museum near Rizal Park. Write a narrative report on the different
important things you saw around. Give your reaction on the impact it has on you as
an Art Appreciation student.

NATIONAL MUSEUM: A NARRATIVE REPORT

As I have gotten to the National Museum last December 8, 2019, I have seen the
different types of natural treasure we have and being seeing them personally is a great
experience. Inside are a really majestic treasures of the Philippines and it aimed to give
people visiting them a huge knowledge how our country has developed.

The main thing that have really attract my attention upon entering the museum is
how the National Museum is arranged. Everything is in a place where you will not be lost.
It is like a chapter by chapter experience, that once you’ve finished the first chapter, you
will just keep on going until you’ll meet the end part and meet another chapter after several
realizations. You will be amazed and dazed on the different things that is not familiar with
your eyes. It is a relaxing and fresh experience too.

You will consider everything after entering the Museum. You will see the
environment different, it will also lead you to curiousness and made you feel relaxed after
entering. Your heart will felt warmed because upon entering, it is also the day you will
meet the history, the pride, and our identification as a Filipino people.
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2. Select two (2) paintings which you considered the best, explain the reason for your
choice.

Hula’t Sweldo by Nunelucio

Alvarado

I considered this as one of the best

because it really hooked me while
having a good sight around the
Museum. It catches me on something
and I think it is the whole arrangement
of the canvas. It is like once you are a
Filipino worker or laborer, to feed up
your whole family, to gain something

for them, if you can also see the

sharp blades, the cross above the
people, for me, it just means one
simple Filipino phrase “kapit sa
patalim”. Filipino workers are doing
their best to survive the daily
chances of life.

A Tragic Lesson (The Fall of

Bataan) by Gene Cabrera

Another piece that I considered best

is this because it tells so much story once you have seen it. Base on the title, I will consider it as a
hint that people needs to not forget the era where the Fall of Bataan happen. It is the sacrifices of
our ancestors to protect the country. They have given their life to fight against Japanese invasion
and give the Philippines its rights on the Philippine World War II.
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3. Scout around and submit two (2) buildings or churches with pictures and find out the
type of architectural design these buildings or churches of your choice have.

Nuestra Senora de Gracia Church Makati

The Nuestra Señora de Gracia Church, also known as Guadalupe Church, is a Baroque Roman
Catholic church in Makati, Philippines. The parish church and its adjacent monastery are currently
administered by the Augustinian friars of the Province of Santo Niño de Cebu.

Taal Basilica Church, Taal Batangas

The Taal Basilica Church is a centuries-old Catholic church famous for its Baroque architecture
and trompe l’oeil (deceives the eye) painted ceilings. It is dubbed as the largest Catholic Church
in Asia with 88.6 meters long and 48 metres wide.
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4. Who are some of our great Filipino architects? Cite some of their works.

FRANCISCO MANOSA – A Filipino Architect who is considered as the “Father of Philippine

Neo-vernacular Architecture”. He is known for championing Filipino architectures in the late 20th
century. Mañosa devoted his life's work to creating a Filipino identity in architecture, advocating
design philosophies that harken “back to the bahay kubo and the bahay na bato,” and other
traditional vernacular forms. Mañosa became known for combining these traditional forms and
indigenous materials with modern building technology to create structures which he felt were those
best suited to the Philippines’ tropical climate.

Major Works:

 San Miguel Building, Ortigas Center, Pasig City (designed with the Mañosa Brothers)
 Chapel of the Risen Lord, Las Piñas City
 Our Lady of Peace Shrine, EDSA, Quezon City
 World Youth Day Papal Altar, Quirino Grandstand, Manila, 1995
 Metrorail Transit System Stations for LRT 1, circa 1980s
 Quezon Memorial Circle Development Plan
 Lanao del Norte Provincial Capitol, Tubod, Lanao del Norte
 Tahanang Pilipino (Coconut Palace), CCP Complex, Manila
 Amanpulo Resort, Palawan
 Pearl Farm Resort, Samal Island, Davao, completed 1994
 La Mesa Watershed Resort and Ecological Park, La Mesa Dam, Quezon City

LEANDRO LOCSIN - Leandro V. Locsin was a Filipino architect, artist, and interior designer,
known for his use of concrete, floating volume and simplistic design in his various projects. He
was proclaimed a National Artist of the Philippines for Architecture in 1990 by the late former
President Corazon C. Aquino.

Major Works:

 Church of the Holy Sacrifice

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 Ayala Museum
 Makati Stock Exchange
 Hyatt Regency Hotel
 Philippine Pavilion
 Expo '70
 Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex.

JUAN NAKPIL – architect, teacher, and civic leader is a pioneer and innovator in Philippine
architecture. In essence, Nakpil’s greatest contribution is his belief that there is such a thing as
Philippine Architecture, espousing architecture reflective of Philippine traditions and culture. It is
also largely due to his zealous representation and efforts that private Filipino architects and
engineers, by law, are now able to participate in the design and execution of government projects.
He has integrated strength, function, and beauty in the buildings that are the country’s heritage
today. He designed the 1937 International Eucharistic Congress altar and rebuilt and enlarged the
Quiapo Church in 1930 adding a dome and a second belfry to the original design.

Major Works:

 Geronimo de los Reyes Building

 Magsaysay Building
 Rizal Theater
 Capitol Theate
 Captain Pepe Building
 Manila Jockey Club
 Rufino Building
 Philippine Village Hotel
 University of the Philippines Administration
 University Library
 Reconstructed Rizal house in Calamba.
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5. Explain what is meant by “ sound construction must come first before appreciation”
Before appreciating a thing, we need to construct first how will be sounding in terms of
hearing by others. Sometimes a good appreciative phrase for us might be an offense to the
listener. We should always choose the usage of our language before telling it.

6. Why were the Renaissance architects able to conceive imposing and majestic designs?

Renaissance architecture, style of architecture, reflecting the rebirth of Classical culture that
originated in Florence in the early 15th century and spread throughout Europe, replacing
the medieval Gothic style. There was a revival of ancient Roman forms, including the column and
round arch, the tunnel vault, and the dome. The basic design element was the order. Knowledge
of Classical architecture came from the ruins of ancient buildings and the writings of Vitruvius.
As in the Classical period, proportion was the most important factor of
beauty; Renaissance architects found a harmony between human proportions and buildings. This
concern for proportion resulted in clear, easily comprehended space and mass, which distinguishes
the Renaissance style from the more complex Gothic.

7. Describe how gothic design looks like. Name some prominent gothic designs.

Gothic style is defined by light and ornate decorations, yet it can also have a serious or somber
tone. It is also a design that is dramatic, exciting, and all-around fit for a king. It is characterized
by cavernous spaces with the expanse of walls broken up by overlaid tracery.
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1. The Cologne Cathedral, Left Unfinished for 350 years

The mighty Gothic cathedral of Cologne is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne. The entire
structure took around 600 years to build. Construction began in 1248 and was later abandoned
in 1473. It would remain unfinished for over 350 years. Work resumed again in the 1840's with its
final completion in 1880 to the original plans. Cologne Cathedral is the largest Gothic cathedral in
Northern Europe. It also has the second tallest spires which are built in an entirely Germanic
Gothic style.

During WW2 it sustained several bomb hits that badly damaged it. Despite the damage, it remained
largely intact as the Cologne was flattened around it. It also witnessed a large tank battle between
German and American divisions in March of 1945. After the war, the cathedral underwent
extensive repair works a process ongoing to this day.
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2. The Cathedral Church of Milan, the Largest Church in Italy

Milan Cathedral was another example of Gothic Architecture that took almost 600 years to
complete. The ground was broken in 1386 and the bulk of the construction wasn't completed until
well into the 19th Century in 1865. Building work was further stalled during WW2, thanks to allied
bombing of Milan.

The building in its current form was finally completed in 1965. Construction was initially very
rapid with half the cathedral actually completed by 1402. After this point, a lack of funds meant
construction stalled.

It is the third largest cathedral in the world and is famous for its forest of spires and pinnacles. Not
to mention its highly ornate facade. The complex forest of spires and pinnacles provides both
aesthetic and structural purposes.
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8. Why do you think gothic churches or cathedrals symbolize wealth and power?

The Gothic style became prevalent in European religious architecture in the 11th century and has
been revived and improved upon in countless cathedrals all over the world. In France and other
countries entering into the Middle Ages cathedrals were renovated from drab fortresses to Gothic
masterpieces of stained glass and natural sculpture. Notable for its vaulted ceilings and incredibly
detailed facades, the Gothic style symbolized the glory of God and the church's central place in
European society for hundreds of years.

A key aspect of the widespread growth of Gothic architecture during the middle ages was a belief
that beauty was the spiritual path to God. Pope Benedict XVI said that "the Gothic cathedral
intended to express in its architectural lines the soul's longing for God, " but certainly validation
of the church's power was a nice by-product. The union of beauty with power, money and religion
was what gave rise to some of the most sprawling and detailed structures ever built.

I believe that Gothic Cathedrals, being the imposing building they are, kept the locals in constant
awe of the power of the Church. The mere size and style of the Cathedrals, with all its spirals and
towers, would remind the peasants how powerful the Church was and how insignificant they were.

9. Differentiate Roman architecture from Greek and Egyptian architecture.

Greek Architecture

Greek architecture is a very influential and historical movement which is used to inspire many
architects today. This movement was based on the post and lintel system which is simply a system
made up of columns. Although the concept of columns may seem simple, the Greeks carved the
columns into something beautiful – including carvings of mythological creatures. They created
some of the most precise and distinctive designs in the history of architecture. The Greeks interest
in simplicity and proportion in their buildings went on to influence Roman architects.

Roman Architecture
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The Greek tradition in architecture was continued on by the Romans, their interest is evident in
many of their buildings – especially their use of the Corinthian Order. The Romans were known
as “great innovators” because of the way they adopted new techniques and new materials and the
way they adapted on existing techniques. The Romans introduced the use of domes and arches to
create a new architectural style. They continued to use the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian orders –
however adapting the capital of the Corinthian to make it more decorative.

Greek and Roman architecture is relatively similar, they were inspired by the Greeks existing work
and adapted their own styles around it.

10. Are there buildings or churches in our country which were inspired by Roman
architecture? Name them.

San Sebastian Church Manila

National Museum
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11. What is the most nearly perfect building in the world?

DUBAI’S BURJ KHALIFA

Burj Khalifa has redefined what is possible in the design and engineering of supertall
buildings. By combining cutting-edge technologies and cultural influences, the building serves as
a global icon that is both a model for future urban centers and speaks to the global movement
towards compact, livable urban areas. Burj Khalifa’s architecture has embodied references to
Islamic architecture and yet reflects the modern global community it is designed to serve. In
concept and execution, Burj Khalifa has no peer. More than just the world's tallest building, Burj
Khalifa is an unprecedented example of international cooperation, symbolic beacon of progress,
and an emblem of the new, dynamic and prosperous Middle East. The Burj Khalifa is more than
just the world's tallest building, it comprises of luxury apartments, restaurants, oberservation
towers, spa facilities, gyms and much, much more besides.'
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12. In what aspects is sculpture similar with painting and architecture?

Sculpture is similar with painting and architecture because they are all forms of art. The most
used element in a sculpture which is mass and space are also used within paintings and
architectures. They only differ from the forms they are created.

13. Name some of the great sculptors of all time including their works.

MICHELANGELO - He was a “Renaissance man” or “Universal Genius” who excelled in

various fields including painting, architecture, poetry and engineering. However, above all, he
is widely regarded as the greatest sculptor of all time.

Major Works:

 David (1504)
 Pietà (1499)
 Moses (1515)

AUGUSTE RODIN – He modeled the human body with realism and suggested emotion through
his mastery in inter-playing between light and shadow; and through detailed, textured surfaces.
Some of his sculptures were so realistic that he was accused of surmoulage that is having taken a
cast from a living mode.

Major Works:

 The Thinker (1902)

 The Kiss (1889)
 The Hand of God (1907)

DONATELLO – Donatello gave a different direction to Western sculpture taking it away from
the prevalent Gothic style, which was marked by softly curved lines and an expressionless face, to
the Classical style with dramatic expressions and detailed realism. Donatello was the leading
sculptor of the early Renaissance and he created some of the most renowned sculptures in the
world including the Bronze David and the Equestrian statue of Gattamelata.

Major Works:
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 The Bronze David (1440s)

 Equestrian statue of Gattamelata (1453)
 Penitent Magdalene (1455)

14. On an Oslo paper draw your own artwork, your masterpiece.

15. Why do you think straight line imply simplicity?

Simplicity is defined as plain and easy to understand. There isn't a bit of complication in a straight
line. Just like a simple answer of yes or no a witness is asked to give in a court proceeding, there
is little to negotiate in a straight line, it starts here, goes straight and ends there.

16. What do you mean by color harmonies?

Color harmony is quite simple: It is the process of creating balanced combinations of color that
are pleasing to view put simply, this means utilizing colors that go together. Determining which
colors combine well can be accomplished by consulting a color wheel, where you can select a
color palette that includes colors that interact well based on their locations. Let's break down the
different ways these combinations can be selected.

17. In paintings, how do artists present a long road?

In my opinion, artists present a long road in paintings in terms of their journey. Being an artist is
quite hard because you need to be patient, you need to allot time to do a piece. It is not easy to sit
for hours and not be able to finish it in an instance, being an artist really gives hard time when they
do canvas. The road, the path, the journey – it all summarizes the things an artist is doing to finish
a beautiful artwork.

18. What is chiaroscuro?

The word chiaroscuro is Italian for light and shadow. It's one of the classic techniques used in the
works of artists like Rembrandt, da Vinci, and Caravaggio. It refers to the use of light and shadow
to create the illusion of light from a specific source shining on the figures and objects in the
painting. Along with linear perspective, chiaroscuro was one of the new techniques used by
painters of the Renaissance to make their paintings look truly three-dimensional.
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Art
Appreciation

Submitted by:

Francis Allen Carandang

BSRadTech 1-1