Natura 2000 in Romania

Management deficiencies of 6240*,

62C0*, 6410 and 6430 grassland habitats
in Romania
Dr. Adrian OPREA
University “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Iaşi,
Botanic Garden “Anastasie Fătu”

Follow up event of the Natura 2000 seminar for the

Pannonian, Black Sea and Steppic Regions
4-6 November 2015, Arad, Romania
 Steppic habitats in Romania

Code: 6240* Sub-Pannonic steppic grasslands

ROSCI0218 Dealul Mocrei-Rovina-Ineu

source: http://wff-yo.blogspot.ro/2013_05_01_archive.html
Distribution and occurrence: Year 2012 = 28,669 ha, in 21 SCI‟s
ROSCI0035 Cheile Turzii
ROSCI0040 Coasta Lunii
ROSCI0079 Fânaţele de pe dealul Corhan-Săbed
ROSCI0093 Insulele stepice Şura Mică-Slimnic
ROSCI0099 Lacul Ştiucilor-Sic-Puini-Bonţida
ROSCI0187 Pajiştile lui Suciu
ROSCI0210 Râpa Lechinţa
ROSCI0211 Podişul Secaşelor
ROSCI0218 Dealul Mocrei-Rovina-Ineu
ROSCI0227 Sighişoara-Târnava Mare
ROSCI0236 Strei-Haţeg
ROSCI0238 Suatu-Cojocna-Crairât
ROSCI0295 Dealurile Clujului Est
ROSCI0300 Fânaţele Pietroasa-Podeni
ROSCI0322 Muntele Şes
ROSCI0331 Pajiştile Balda-Frata-Miheşu de Câmpie
ROSCI0333 Pajiştile Sărmăşel-Mila-Urmeni
ROSCI0346 Pajiştea Ciacova
ROSCI0348 Pajiştea Jebel
ROSCI0402 Valea din Sânandrei
ROSCI0408 Zau de Câmpie
Distribution of 6240* in Pannonian Biogeographic region
Description and identification

● xerophilous grasslands, on southern slopes and plateaux, in most of

Transylvania, Crişana, and Banat, dominated by graminaceae
cespitosae (as Festuca valesiaca, Bothriochloa ischaemum etc) +
other perennials, in Festucion valesiacae, as well as other related
coenotaxa
● geology: rocky substrates and sedimentary loamy-sand strata, rich in
gravels; sometimes on loessoids deposits
● pedology: A-C profile, chernozems, eutricambosoils, phaeozioms; pH
neutral
● altitudes: 100–350 m
● climate: T = 9,5 > 8 °C; P = 750 mm > 600 mm
● origin: natural and anthropogenic

Site conditions and limitative factors

● soil low humidity during vegetation season ➨ lack of moisture
● precipitation amounts = cca 600 mm/year ➨ evenly distributed
● rainfall run-off on slopes ➨ humidity deficit
● intense evaporation of surface water ➨ premature drying of
vegetation
Key species (characteristic and dominant)
Festucion valesiacae: Festuca valesiaca, F. rupicola, Bothriochloa ischaemum,
Cleistogenes serotina, Allium flavum, Gagea pusilla, Hesperis tristis, Ranunculus
illyricus, Teucrium chamaedrys, Medicago minima, Helianthemum canum,
Scorzonera austriaca, Potentilla arenaria, Seseli hippomarathrum, Dorycnium
herbaceum, Alyssum alyssoides, Artemisia austriaca, Chrysopogon gryllus,
Oxytropis pilosa, Stipa capillata, S. joannis, Iris humilis subsp. arenaria, I.
pumila, Carex humilis, Veronica orchidea, Echium vulgare, E. maculatum, Crambe
tataria, Pulsatilla patens, Agrimonia pilosa, Astragalus peterfii, A. exscapus
subsp. transsilvanicus, A. onobrychis, Salvia transsylvanica, Centaurea ruthenica,
C. trinervia, Jurinea mollis subsp. transylvanica, Iris pontica, etc.

Plant community types (associations/alliance)

Medicagini minimae-Festucetum valesiacae Wagner 1941, Pulsatillo-Festucetum
rupicolae (Dostál 1933) Soó 1963; Botriochloëtum ischaemi (Krist. 1937) Pop
1977; Agrostio-Festucetum valesiacae Borisavljevič et al. 1955; Thymo pannonici-
Chrysopogonetum grylli Doniţă et al. 1992; Danthonio-Chrysopogonetum grylli
Boşcaiu (1970) 1972; Campanulo lingulatae-Brometum riparii (Roman 1974) Sanda
et Popescu 1999; Danthonio-Stipetum stenophyllae Ghişa 1941; Stipetum
capillatae (Hueck 1931) Krausch 1961; Festuco rupicolae-Caricetum humilis Soó
(1930) 1947; Festucetum valesiaco-rupicolae Csűrös et Kovács 1962; Koelerietum
macranthae (Răvăruţ et al. 1976) Popescu et Sanda 1988; Salvio nutantis-
Paeonietum tenuifoliae Mititelu 1990 …
 The assessment of conservation status of 6240*
(cf. Mihăilescu et al. 2015)

Bioregion/Parameter ALP CON PAN PON MBLS STE

Area (Km2) n/a 5400 n/a n/a n/a n/a

FV

Surface (Km2) n/a 2800 n/a n/a n/a n/a

FV

Structure and n/a FV n/a n/a n/a n/a

features

Prospects n/a U1 n/a n/a n/a n/a

Legend:
FV = favorable Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul
conservation sintetic privind starea de conservare a speciilor şi habitatelor de
status interes comunitar din România /Summary report on the
U1 = inadequate conservation status of species and habitats of community interest
conservation in Romania/. Constanţa: Edit. Dobrogea, pag. 231
status
Major threats
➨ most often pastures are
overgrazed

➨ both intensification of
agricultural nearby / inside
SCI’s or even abandonment of
pastures
➨ threatening natural habitats, animal & plant species, human
beings, by:
i) risks and harms of fracking (as an unconventional gas and
oil extraction = shale gases)

!!! E.g.1: Bozânta Mare tailing ponds / January, 30th, 2000 / one of the
largest environmental disasters in whole Europe after the explosion of
Chernobyl (Ukraine)

Bozânta Mare tailing ponds

source:http://www.digi24.ro/
ii) mineral extraction (gold, silver, etc.) associated with cyanide
tailing ponds (“...with a plethora of recurring problems and
harms that cannot be averted or cannot be sufficiently averted
through regulatory frameworks...”
[http://concernedhealthny.org])

!!! E.g.2: Roşia Montană gold and silver exploitation / ROSCI002

Apuseni /
Conservation measures taken and needed

➲ prohibition of afforestation
➲ a controlled, moderately grazing or mowing of the meadows
➲ colonizing and invasive species (plant & animal species) control
➲ cutting down shrubs and juvenile trees in meadows, e.g.: Rubus
spp., Rosa spp., Crataegus monogyna, Ulmus minor, Prunus
spinosa, Ailanthus altissima, Robinia pseudacacia,
Elaeagnus angustifolia, etc.
➲ avoiding burning the dry, wild vegetation
 References

■ Coldea Gh., 1991, Prodrome des associations vegetales des Carpates du sud-est (Carpates Roumaines),
Documents Phytosociologiques, Camerino, Nouvelle Serie, XIII: 317-539
■ Doniţă N., Popescu A., Pauca-Comănescu M., Mihăilescu S., Biriş I.-A. 2005, Habitatele din
România, Bucuresti: Edit. Tehnica Silvica, 496 pp.
■ Donita N., Popescu A., Pauca-Comanescu M., Mihailescu S., Biris I.-A. 2006, Habitatele din
România. Modificari conform amendamentelor propuse de România si Bulgaria la Directiva
Habitate (92/43/EEC), Bucuresti: Edit. Tehnica Silvica, 95 pp.
■ Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul sintetic privind starea de conservare a
speciilor şi habitatelor de interes comunitar din România /Summary report on the conservation
status of species and habitats of community interest in Romania/. Constanţa: Edit. Dobrogea,
pag. 231
■ Pop I., 1977, Studiu comparative asupra pajistilor de Botriochloa ischaemum din Romania. Contrib.
Bot. Cluj-Napoca: 111-120.
■ Pop I., colab., 1988, Le conspectus des associations vegetales sur l’entendue de department de Cluj.
Contrib. Bot.: 9-23.
■ Sanda V., Popescu A., Stancu D. I. 2001, Structura cenotica si caracterizarea ecologica a
fitocenozelor din România, Edit. Conphis, 359 pp.
■ Sanda V., 2002, Vademecum ceno-structural privind covorul vegetal din România. Bucuresti: Edit.
Vergiliu, 331 pp.
■ Sârbu A., Sârbu I., Oprea Ad., Negrean G., Cristea V., Coldea G., Cristurean I., Popescu G., Oroian S.,
Baz A., Tanase C., Bartok K., Gafta D., Anastasiu P., Crisan F., Costache I., Goia I., Marusca
Th., Otel V., Samarghitan M., Hentea S., Pascale G., Radutoiu D., Boruz V., Puscas M., Hiritiu
M., Stan I., Frink J. 2007. Arii speciale pentru protectia si conservarea plantelor în
România, Bucuresti: Edit. Victor B Victor, 397 pp.
■ ***2005-2006. Project „Completarea sistemului informatic pentru inventarierea siturilor naturale de
interes comunitar – Natura 2000 cu siturile propuse pentru grupele de habitate: pajisti si
tufarisuri, plante din Directiva Habitate”; MMGA/INCDDD Tulcea
Code: 62C0* Ponto-Sarmatic steppes
 Beştepe
ROSCI0215 Recifii jurasici /Jurassik Hills
Recifs/ - Dobrogea
Cheia (Dobrogea)

ROSCI0041 Coasta/Slope/ “Rupturile”

Tanacu
ROSCI0053 Dealul/Hill/ Allah-Bair (Dobrogea)
Distribution of 62C0* in Steppic Biogeographic region
Distribution of 62C0* in Black Sea Biogeographic region
Distribution and occurrence
ROSCI0012 Braţul Măcin
ROSCI0022 Canaralele Dunării
ROSCI0041 Coasta “Rupturile” Tanacu
ROSCI0053 Dealul Alah Bair
ROSCI0057 Dealul Istriţa
ROSCI0058 Dealul lui Dumnezeu
ROSCI0059 Dealul Perchiu
ROSCI0060 Dealurile Agighiolului
ROSCI0065 Delta Dunării
ROSCI0067 Deniz Tepe
ROSCI0071 Dumbrăveni-valea Urluia-
lacul Vederoasa
ROSCI0077 Fânaţele Bârca
ROSCI0080 Fânaţurile de la Glodeni
ROSCI0081 Fânaţele seculare Frumoasa
ROSCI0082 Fânaţele seculare Ponoare
ROSCI0083 Fântâniţa Murfatlar
Year 2012 = 4,998 ha in 32 SCI„s
ROSCI0117 Movila lui Burcel
ROSCI0123 Munţii Măcinului
ROSCI0139 Pădurea Breana-Roşcani
ROSCI0149 Pădurea Esechioi-lacul Bugeac
ROSCI0157 Pădurea Hagieni-Cotul Văii
ROSCI0167 Pădurea Roşcani
ROSCI0171 Pădurea şi pajiştile de la Mârzeşti
ROSCI0172 Pădurea şi valea Canaraua Fetii-
Iortmac
ROSCI0201 Podişul Nord Dobrogean
ROSCI0202 Silvostepa Olteniei
ROSCI0215 Recifii Jurasici Cheia
ROSCI0265 Valea lui David
ROSCI0278 Borduşani-Borcea
ROSCI0286 Colinele Elanului
ROSCI0335 Pădurea Dobrina-Huşi
ROSCI0399 Suharău-Darabani
Description and identification
- West-Pontic steppe habitats; phytocoenose of alliances: Festucion
valesiacae, Stipion lessingianae, Agropyro-Kochion, Pimpinello-T
hymion zygioidi
- dry grasslands, on various slopes of steppic hills of East and South of
Romania

Site conditions and limitative factors

- xero-termophilous / dry / heliophylous grasslands
- in steppe and forest-steppe areas, with obvious continental features
- on various slopes of steppic hills, on soils rich in bases and high
trophic, chernozems, white of steppe etc., on loess or
limestones, with moisture shortages in summer
- altitudes: 650-50 m; temperatures: 10,5-8,5 °C; precipitations: 550-
400 mm/year
- limiting factors: low precipitation amounts, fast erosion of soils, high
insolation rates, etc.
Key species (characteristic and dominant)
Festucion valesiacae: Festuca valesiaca, F. callieri, Chrysopogon gryllus, Bothriochloa
ischaemum, Poa angustifolia, Stipa capillata, S. lessingiana, S. pulcherrima, S. ucrainica,
Koeleria lobata, Agropyron brandzae, A. ponticum, Elymus repens, E. hispidus, Kengia
bulgarica, K. serotina, Kochia prostrata, Teucrium polium subsp. capitatum, Taraxacum
serotinum, Thymus zygioides, Pimpinella tragium subsp. lithophila, Satureja coerulea,
Dianthus pseudarmeria , D. nardiformis, Euphorbia dobrogensis, Paeonia tenuifolia,
Centaurea jankae, Crambe tataria, Iris aphylla subsp. hungarica, Pulsatilla vulgaris
subsp. grandis, Galium moldavicum, Scorzonera mollis, Hyacinthella leucophaea, Adonis
volgensis, Bellevalia speciosa, Convolvulus cantabrica, Linum borzeanum, Cytisus jankae,
Scutellaria orientalis var. pinnatifida , Achillea thracica ...

Plant community types (associations/alliance)

FESTUCO-BROMETEA:
Carici humilis-Stipetum joannis Pop et Hodişan 1985; Chrysopogono-Caricetum humilis
Zolyomi (1950) 1958; Stipetum stenophyllae Soó 1944; Stipetum lessingianae Soó (1927
n.n.) 1947; Stipetum pulcherrimae Soó 1942; Astragalo ponticae-Stipetum ucranicae
(Dihoru 1969, 1970) Sanda et Popescu 1999; Stipo ucrainicae-Festucetum valesiacae
Dihoru 1970; Artemisio austriacae-Poëtum bulbosae Pop 1970; Cynodonto-Poëtum
angustifoliae (Rapaics 1926) Soó 1957; Koelerio-Artemisietum lerchianae Dihoru 1970;
Agropyro-Kochietum prostratae Zolyomi (1957) 1958; Agropyretum pectiniforme (Prodan
1939) Dihoru 1970; Taraxaco serotinae-Bothriochloetum ischaemi (Burduja et al. 1956)
Sârbu et al. 1999; Taraxaco serotinae-Festucetum valesiacae (Burduja et. al 1956, Răvăruţ
et al. 1956) Sârbu et al. 1999; Elytrigietum hispidi (Dihoru 1970) Popescu et Sanda 1988;
Festucetum callieri I. Şerbănescu 1965 ined.
 The assessment of conservation status of 62C0*
(cf. Mihăilescu et al. 2015)

Bioregion/Parameter ALP CON PAN PON MBL STE

S

Area (Km2) n/a 5400 n/a n/a n/a 5200

FV FV

Surface (Km2) n/a 2800 n/a n/a n/a 2200

FV FV

Structure and features n/a FV n/a n/a n/a FV

Prospects n/a XX n/a n/a n/a U1

Legend:
FV = favorable conservation status
U1 = inadequate conservation status
XX = unknown
Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul
sintetic privind starea de conservare a speciilor şi habitatelor
de interes comunitar din România/Summary report on the
conservation status of species and habitats of community
interest in Romania/. Constanţa: Edit. Dobrogea, pag. 231
Major threats:
➨ most often are overgrazed

ROSCI0139 Pădurea Breana-Roşcani

➨ land / soil erosion and
lanslides

ROSCI0067 Deniz Tepe

➨ rocks and soils exploitation

Granite exploitation – ROSCI0201 North

Dobrgea Tableland
 ➨ both intensification of
agricultural use or/and
abandonment of some other
grasslands

ROSCI0053 Dealul Alah Bair

➨ burning dry vegetation

ROSCI0286 Colinele Elanului

 ➨ risks and harms of
fracking itself
(unconventional gas and oil
extraction), even those so-
called exploration operations
to identify these natural
resources, deep in substrate

➨ risks posed by fracking

infrastructure, including
pipelines, compressor
stations, and silica sand
mining operations
!!! Case study: ROSCI0286
Colinele Elanului (Vaslui
county)
Conservation measures taken and needed:
➲ keeping the remaining surfaces as they are now, being governed both grazing
and haymaking, to maintain the floristic richness/biodiversity
➲ do not change the actual land use of lands
➲ a controlled, moderately grazing of the meadows
➲ cutting down shrubs and trees in meadows e.g.: Rosa spp., Crataegus
monogyna, Ulmus minor, Prunus spinosa, Cotinus coggygria, Paliurus
spina-christi, Robinia pseudacacia, Ailanthus altissima, Buddleja
davidii, Elaeagnus angustifolia, etc.
➲ avoiding burning the dry, wild vegetation
➲ a total forbidden of fracking (unconventional gas and oil extraction)
 References

■ Chifu T., colab., 2006, Flora si vegetatia Moldovei (România), 1-2, Edit. Univ. “Al. I. Cuza” Iasi
■ Coldea Gh. 1991, Prodrome des associations vegetales des Carpates du sud-est (Carpates Roumaines),
Documents Phytosociologiques, Camerino, Nouvelle Serie, XIII: 317-539
■ Doniţă N., Popescu A., Paucă-Comanescu M., Mihailescu S. & Biris I.-A. 2005, Habitatele din România,
Bucuresti: Edit. Tehnica Silvica, 496 pp.
■ Doniţă N., Popescu A., Paucă-Comanescu M., Mihailescu S. & Biris I.-A. 2006, Habitatele din România.
Modificari conform amendamentelor propuse de România si Bulgaria la Directiva Habitate
(92/43/EEC), Bucuresti: Edit. Tehnica Silvică, 95 pp.
■ Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul sintetic privind starea de conservare a
speciilor şi habitatelor de interes comunitar din România /Summary report on the c
onservation status of species and habitats of community interest in Romania/. Constanţa:
Edit. Dobrogea, pag. 231
■ Sanda V., Popescu A. & Stancu D. I. 2001, Structura cenotica si caracterizarea ecologica a
fitocenozelor din România, Edit. Conphis, 359 pp.
■ Sanda V., 2002, Vademecum ceno-structural privind covorul vegetal din România. Bucureşti: Edit.
Vergiliu, 331 pp.
■ Sârbu A., Sârbu I., Oprea A., Negrean G., Cristea V., Coldea G., Cristurean I., Popescu G., Oroian S.,
Baz A., Tanase C., Bartok K., Gafta D., Anastasiu P., Crisan F., Costache I., Goia I., Marusca
Th., Otel V., Samarghitan M., Hentea S., Pascale G., Radutoiu D., Boruz V., Puscas M., Hiritiu
M., Stan I. & Frink J. 2007, Arii speciale pentru protectia si conservarea plantelor în
România, Bucureşti: Edit. Victor B Victor, 397 pp.
■ Tzonev R., Roussakova V. & Dimitrov M. 2006. The Western-Pontic Steppe Vegetation in Bulgaria,
Hacquetia, 5(1): 5-23
 Tall herbs, seminatural humid
grasslands in Romania

Code: 6410 Molinia meadows on calcareous,

peaty or clayey-silt-laden soils (Molinion
caeruleae)
ROSCI0065 Danube Delta (Caraorman sand levee)
Distribution and occurrence Year 2012=4,247 ha, in 28 SCI„s

ROSCI0002 Apuseni ROSCI0092 Igniş

ROSCI0006 Balta Mică a Brăilei ROSCI0093 Insulele stepice Şura
ROSCI0007 Bazinul Ciucului de Jos Mică-Slimnic
ROSCI0013 Bucegi ROSCI0096 Lacul Bâlbâitoarea
ROSCI0015 Buila-Vânturariţa ROSCI0113 Mlaştina după Luncă
ROSCI0019 Călimani–Gurghiu ROSCI0122 Munţii Făgăraş
ROSCI0020 Câmpia Careiului ROSCI0124 Munţii Maramureşului
ROSCI0024 Ceahlău ROSCI0205 Poienile cu narcise de
ROSCI0065 Delta Dunării la Dumbrava Vadului
ROSCI0069 Domogled-Valea ROSCI0214 Râul Tur
Cernei ROSCI0226 Semenic-Cheile
ROSCI0082 Fâneţele seculare Caraşului
Ponoare ROSCI0236 Strei-Haţeg
ROSCI0085 Frumoasa ROSCI0241 Tinovul Apa Lină-
ROSCI0087 Grădiştea Muncelului- Honcsok
Ciclovina ROSCI0279 Borzont
ROSCI0089 Gutâi-Creasta ROSCI0295 Dealurile Clujului Est
Cocoşului ROSCI0300 Fânaţele Pietroasa-
Podeni
Distribution of 6410 in Pannonian Biogeographic region
Distribution of 6410 in Black Sea Biogeographic region
Distribution of 6410 in Steppic Biogeographic region
Description and identification
► Molinia grasslands are spread from lowlands to mountains, on more or less
moistured soils, with low contents in nitrogen and phosphorus
► The habitat is represented by several subtypes, as:
» subtype 37.311: on neutral-alkaline soils up to limestones, with
variable level of groundwater; soils are swampy sometimes, becoming
dry during the summer; relatively rich in plant species (Eu-Molinion);
» subtype 37.312: more frequent on acidic soils, more specific to
Junco-Molinion, being poor in plant species (relatively rare, associated
with Nardus stricta)
► a rich floristic composition, with meso-hygrophilous, hygrophilous, and
mesophyllous plant species; there are to be meet some rare species,
sometimes (e.g. Gentiana pneumonanthe, Allium ericetorum subsp.
pseudosuaveolens, Narcissus poeticus subsp. radiiflorus, Peucedanum
rochelianum, etc.)

Site conditions and limitative factors

► altitudes: depressions and terraces, between 300 m and 900 m
► climate: average annual temperatures between 9 °C and 6 °C; precipitations
between 950 mm and 700 mm /year
► soils: brown-luvics or brown-acids, often gleyics; sometimes moist peaty
Key species (characteristic and dominant)

Molinia coerulea, Dianthus superbus, Gentiana pneumonanthe, Cirsium tuberosum,

Colchicum autumnale, Narcissus poeticus subsp. radiiflorus, Inula salicina, I.
britannica, Silaum silaus, Sanguisorba officinalis, Serratula tinctoria,
Tetragonolobus maritimus, Galium boreale, G. uliginosum, Ranunculus
polyanthemos subsp. polyanthemoides, Juncus atratus, J. conglomeratus, Iris
sibirica, Stachys officinalis, Selinum carvifolia, Viola persicifolia, V. palustris,
Crepis paludosa, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Lotus uliginosus, Potentilla erecta,
Carex pallescens, Lysimachia punctata, Agrostis stolonifera, Angelica sylvestris,
Gladiolus imbricatus, etc.

Plant community types (associations/alliance)

Junco-Molinietum caeruleae Preising 1951 ex Klapp 1954; Peucedano rocheliani-

Molinietum caeruleae Boşcaiu 1965; Molinio-Salicetum rosmarinifoliae Magyar
ex Soó 1933; Nardo-Molinietum Gergely 1958
 The assessment of conservation status of 6410
(cf. Mihăilescu et al. 2015)

Bioregion/Parameter ALP CON PAN PON MBLS STE

Area (Km2) 3300 2600 100 200 n/a 200

FV FV FV U1 FV

Surface (Km2) 1700 1600 100 100 n/a 400

FV FV FV U1 FV

Structure and features FV FV FV FV n/a FV

Prospects FV FV U1 U1 n/a FV

Legend
FV = favorable Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul
conservation status sintetic privind starea de conservare a speciilor şi habitatelor de
interes comunitar din România/Summary report on the
U1 = inadequate
conservation status conservation status of species and habitats of community interest
in Romania/ Constanţa: Edit. Dobrogea, pag. 231
Major threats:
➨ burning of the dry vegetation
» habitats destruction

source: http://romaniaregional.ro/salaj

➨ changing in land use of grasslands

» habitats loss

source: http://www.recolta.eu/
 ➨ drought and drainage of many
wet areas ROSCI0065 Danube Delta
» habitats loss

source: http://www.wwf.ro

➨ building railways, warehouses,

roads & highways
» habitats fragmentation

source: http://www.revistaconstructiilor.eu/
➨ adventive and invasive
plant species: Paulownia
tomentosa, Rudbeckia
laciniata, Solidago
canadensis, Echynocystis
lobata...
» replacing native
vegetation

➨ meadows and pastures Elaeagnus angustifolia in Danube Delta

abandonment
» suppression of wild
vegetation by
removing grazing
and mowing

Molinia coerulea
➨ endangered species vanish,
along
with their habitats
» loss of biodiversity

6410 / Angelica palustris

new proposed SCI’s Bahna Mare

➨ overgrazing
» habitats alteration

Letea levee sand (ROSCI0065 Danube Delta)

source: http://www.agroinfo.ro/agricultura-ecologica/
 RESULTS: habitats loss & alteration in many SCI‟s !!!

Conservation measures taken and needed

➲ grasslands maintained by extensive management, sometimes by late
fall mowing
➲ halting drainage marshes/wetlands, especially those with a peaty
feature
➲ a strictly prohibition of wetlands dessication
➲ control agriculture and forestry works
➲ fight against invasive plant species (e.g. Pteridium aquilinum, Paulownia
tomentosa, etc.)
➲ avoiding harvesting rare plant species, as Narcissus poeticus subsp.
radiiflorus, Iris sibirica, Gladiolus palustris, G. imbricatus,
Gentiana pneumonanthe, orchids, etc.
 References
■ Borza, Al. 1946 Vegetatia muntelui Semenic din Banat, Bul. Grad. Bot. Muz. Bot. Cluj, 26(1-2): 24- 53
■ Borza, Al., Ratiu F. 1970, Molinietele din Bazinul Giurgeului, Contr. Bot. Cluj, 111-122
■ Boscaiu, N., 1965, Cercetari fitocenologice asupra asociatiei Peucedano (rocheliani)-Molinietum
coeruleae din Banat si Tara Hategului, Contr. Bot. Cluj, 251-264
■ Boscaiu, N., Soran, V., Diaconeasa, B., 1964, Contributii la cunoasterea molinietelor din regiunea Oas-
Maramures, Contr. Bot. Cluj, 241-248
■ Buia, Al., Les associations a Nardus stricta de la R. P. R. Rev. Roum. Biol., VIII, 2, 119-137
■ Chifu T. et al. 2006, Flora si vegetatia Moldovei (România), Edit. Univ. “Al.I. Cuza” Iasi
■ Ciobanu, V. (red.), 2002, Rezervatia naturala „Dumbrava Vadului” Sercaia-Judetul Brasov. Trecut,
prezent si viitor, Brasov
■ Donita, N., Popescu, A., Pauca-Comanescu M., Mihailescu S., Biris I.-A. 2005. Habitate din
România, Edit. Tehnica Silvica Bucuresti
■ Dragulescu, C., 1981, Ecologia, corologia si cenologia populatiilor de Narcissus poeticus L. ssp. stellaris
(Haw.) Dost. in Carpati, Ocrot. nat. med. inconj. XXV, 1, 49-55
■ Dragulescu, C., 1986, Molinietele cu Peucedanum rochelianum Heuff. în sudul Transilvaniei, Stud. cerc.
biol., ser. biol. veget. XXXVIII, 1, 28-37
■ Dragulescu, C., 1987, Die Coenologie der Narzisse (Narcissus poeticus L. ssp. stellaris (Haw.) Dost. in
den Karpaten im Vergleich zu ihrer Vergesellschaftung in anderen Teilen Europas, Tuexenia,
Gottingen, Neue Serie, 7, 233-243
■ Dragulescu, C., 1995, Flora si vegetatia din bazinul Vaii Sadului, Edit. Constant Sibiu
■ Dragulescu, C., 2003, Consideratii asupra fitodiversitatii fostei pajisti cu narcise (Narcissus radiiflorus)
din Dumbrava Sibului (mscr.)
■ Gergely, I., Ratiu F. 1973. Vegetatia mlastinilor eutrofe din bazinul superior al Ciucului, Contr. Bot.
Cluj-Napoca, 143-165
■ Gergely I., Ratiu, O., 1980, Asociatii vegetale din “Tara Oasului” (Jud. Satu Mare) si importanta lor
economica, Contr. Bot. Cluj-Napoca, 89-142
■ Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul sintetic privind starea de conservare a
speciilor şi habitatelor de interes comunitar din România /Summary report on the
conservation status of species and habitats of community interest in Romania/. Constanţa:
Edit. Dobrogea, pag. 231
■ Mititelu D. et Elekes E. 1984, Vegetatia rezervatiilor botanice de la Sâncraieni, judetul Harghita,
Vol. festiv, Muz. Sti. Nat. Iasi, 123-128
■ Mititelu, D. et Dorca, M., 1987, Flora si vegetatia din împrejurimile municipiului Baia-Mare, Contr. bot.
Cluj-Napoca, 143-160
■ Mititelu D., Elekes E. 1984, 1989, Flora si vegetatia rezervatiilor botanice de la Vlahita si Capâlnita
(judetul Harghita), Contr. Bot. Cluj-Napoca, 45-53
■ Navrotescu T. M., Mititelu, D., 1993, Contributii la studiul raspândirii asociatiilor vegetale
palustre si acvatice în bazinul Prutului, Stud. Cerc. Biol.-Muzeol., Muz. Sti. Nat. Piatra Neamt,
VII: 25-30
■ Parascan, D., Danciu, M., 1976, Vegetatia mlastinii de la Stupini (Jud. Brasov), Ocrot. Nat. Med.
Inconj. 20(2): 113-121
■ Ratiu, O., Moldovan, I., 1972, Consideratii cenologice asupra vegetatiei mlastinei “Izvoarele” (Platoul
vulcanic Gutâi-Oaş), Contr. Bot. Cluj, 149-159
■ Resmerita, I. 1969, Contributii la studiul molinietelor din Transilvania, Stud. cerc. biol., Ser. Bot.
21(1): 45-51
■ Samarghitan M. 2005, Flora si vegetatia Vaii Gurghiului, University Press Targu-Mures
■ Serbanescu, I., 1960, Poienile cu narcise din Dumbrava Vadului, Ocrot. Nat. 5: 33-46
■ Serbanescu, I., 1964, Cercetari geobotanice în depresiunea Fagarasului, Anuar. Comit. Geol. Bucuresti,
36, II, 311-370
 Code: 6430 Hydrophilous tall herb fringe
communities of plains and of the montane to
alpine levels
ROSCI0162 Lunca Siretului Inferior (Mălina pond, South-West of Galaţi town)
Distribution and occurrence: Surface: 2012=28,669 ha in 48 SCI's
ROSCI0002 Apuseni ROSCI0077 Fânaţele Bârca
ROSCI0006 Balta Mică a Brăilei ROSCI0085 Frumoasa
ROSCI0012 Braţul Măcin ROSCI0087 Grădiştea Muncelului -
ROSCI0013 Bucegi Ciclovina
ROSCI0015 Buila - Vânturariţa ROSCI0089 Gutâi - Creasta Cocoşului
ROSCI0016 Buteasa ROSCI0090 Harghita Mădăraş
ROSCI0019 Călimani – Gurghiu ROSCI0092 Igniş
ROSCI0020 Câmpia Careiului ROSCI0093 Insulele stepice Şura Mică-
ROSCI0021 Câmpia Ierului Slimnic
ROSCI0022 Canaralele Dunării ROSCI0099 Lacul Ştiucilor-Sic-Puini-
ROSCI0024 Ceahlău Bonţida
ROSCI0025 Cefa ROSCI0105 Lunca joasă a Prutului
ROSCI0027 Cheile Bicazului – Hăşmaş ROSCI0158 Lunca Mureşului Inferior
ROSCI0030 Cheile Lăpuşului ROSCI0111 Mestecănişul de la Reci
ROSCI0031 Cheile Nerei-Beuşniţa ROSCI0122 Munţii Făgăraş
ROSCI0035 Cheile Turzii ROSCI0124 Munţii Maramureşului
ROSCI0038 Ciucaş ROSCI0125 Munţii Rodnei
ROSCI0043 Comana ROSCI0126 Munţii Ţarcu
ROSCI0045 Coridorul Jiului ROSCI0128 Nordul Gorjului de Est
ROSCI0046 Cozia ROSCI0129 Nordul Gorjului de Vest
ROSCI0047 Creasta Nemirei ROSCI0149 Pădurea Esechioi-lacul Bugeac
ROSCI0048 Crişul Alb ROSCI0156 Munţii Goşman
ROSCI0062 Defileul Crişului Repede - ROSCI0157 Pădurea Hagieni-Cotul Văii
Pădurea Craiului ROSCI0172 Pădurea şi valea Canaraua Fetii-
ROSCI0063 Defileul Jiului Iortmac
ROSCI0065 Delta Dunării ROSCI0182 Pădurea Verdele
ROSCI0069 Domogled - Valea Cernei ROSCI0188 Parâng
ROSCI0071 Dumbrăveni-Urluia-lacul ROSCI0190 Penteleu
Vederoasa
ROSCI0194 Piatra Craiului ROSCI0264 Valea Izei şi Dealul Solovan
ROSCI0196 Pietrosul Broştenilor - ROSCI0270 Vânători - Neamţ
Cheile Zugrenilor ROSCI0280 Buzăul Superior
ROSCI0198 Platoul Mehedinţi ROSCI0283 Cheile Doftanei
ROSCI0205 Poienile cu narcise de la ROSCI0285 Codrii seculari de la
Dumbrava Vadului Strâmbu–Băiuţ
ROSCI0206 Porţile de Fier ROSCI0290 Coridorul Ialomiţei
ROSCI0207 Postăvarul ROSCI0294 Crişul Alb între
ROSCI0208 Putna-Vrancea Gurahonţ şi Ineu
ROSCI0212 Rarău–Giumalău ROSCI0318 Măgura Târgu Ocna
ROSCI0213 Râul Prut ROSCI0322 Muntele Şes
ROSCI0214 Râul Tur ROSCI0323 Muntii Ciucului
ROSCI0217 Retezat ROSCI0326 Muscelele Argeşului
ROSCI0221 Sărăturile din valea Ilenei ROSCI0328 Obcinele Bucovinei
ROSCI0222 Sărăturile Jijia ROSCI0344 Pădurile din sudul
Inferioară-Prut Piemontului Cândeşti
ROSCI0226 Semenic-Cheile Caraşului ROSCI0354 Platforma Cotmeana
ROSCI0227 Sighişoara-Târnava Mare ROSCI0379 Râul Suceava
ROSCI0229 Siriu ROSCI0381 Râul Târgului-Argeşel-Râuşor
ROSCI0239 Târnovu Mare-Latoriţa ROSCI0386 Râul Vedea
ROSCI0248 Tinovul Mohoş-lacul Sf. ROSCI0391 Siretul Mijlociu-Bucecea
Ana ROSCI0395 Soveja
ROSCI0255 Turbăria de la Dersca
Distribution of 6430 in Pannonian Biogeographic region
Distribution of 6430 in Black Sea Biogeographic region
Distribution of 6430 in Steppic Biogeographic region
Description and identification
► Herb fringe communities of riverbanks or riverine forests - characterized by tall
species; very diversified in floristic composition anphytocoenotic structure
► The habitat is represented by subtypes:
» subtype 37.7: nitrophyllous communities of tall weeds, on the edge of water
courses and along the tree stand lines
◆ belong to Glechometalia hederaceae and Convolvuletalia sepium
(Senecion fluviatilis, Aegopodion podagrariae, Convolvulion sepium,
Filipendulion)
◆ it is spread throughout the Romania, especially along the river banks, on
medium and lower water courses
» subtype 37.8: includes tall vegetation along the riverside valleys, in mountain and
alpine belts, along the entire Carpathian chain; belong to Betulo-
Adenostyletea class

Site conditions and limitative factors

■ plains/hills to subalpine belts of vegetation (500-2260 m alt.), with yearly
average temperatures (-1,5°C > 7,5°C), precipitations: 800 mm/year >
1400 mm/year
■ substrates: gravels, small stones, on lithosoils, colluvial humid soils,
pseudogleics and rendzinae, pH neutral to low acidic (7 > 6,7), often
rich in nitrates, humid
Key species (characteristic and dominant)
Glechoma hederacea, Epilobium hirsutum, Senecio fluviatilis, Filipendula ulmaria, Angelica
archangelica, Petasites spp., Telekia speciosa, Aruncus dioicus, Cirsium oleraceum, C.
waldsteinii, Chaerophyllum hirsutum, Aegopodium podagraria, Alliaria petiolata, Geranium
robertianum, Silene dioica, Lamium album, Crepis paludosa, Lysimachia punctata, Aconitum
lycoctonum, A. napellus, A. anthora, Geranium sylvaticum, Adenostyles alliariae, Cicerbita
alpina, Doronicum austriacum, Heracleum palmatum, etc.

Plant community types (associations/alliance)

Aconitetum taurici Borza 1934 ex Coldea 1990, Adenostylo-Doronicetum austriaci Horvat
1956 (syn.: Adenostyletum alliariae banaticum Borza 1946); Cirsio waldsteinii-Heracleetum
transsilvanici Pawł. ex Walas 1949 (syn.: Cardueto-Heracleetum palmati Beldie 1967,
Heracleetum palmati auct. rom.); Petasitetum kablikiani Szafer et al. 1926 (syn.: Petasitetum
glabrati Morariu 1943); Telekio-Petasitetum hybridi (Morariu 1967) Resmerita et Ratiu 1974
(syn.: Petasitetum hybridi auct. rom., Aegopodio-Petasitetum hybridi auct. rom., Telekio-
Petasitetum albae Beldie 1967, Petasitetum albae Dihoru 1975, Petasiteto-Telekietum
speciosae Morariu 1967); Telekio-Filipenduletum Coldea 1996; Telekio speciosae-Aruncetum
dioici Oroian 1998; Angelico-Cirsietum oleracei Tuxen 1937; Scirpetum sylvatici Ralski 1931
em. Schwich 1944; Filipendulo-Geranietum palustris Koch 1926; Chaerophyllo hirsuti-
Filipenduletum Niemann et al. 1973; Lysimachio vulgaris-Filipenduletum Bal.-Tul. 1978;
Chaerophylletum aromatici Neuhauslova-Novotna et al. 1969; Arunco-Petasitetum albi Br.-Bl.
et Sutter 1977; Convolvulo-Eupatorietum cannabini Gors 1974; Convolvulo-Epilobietum hirsuti
Hilbig et al. 1972; Aegopodio-Anthriscetum nitidae Kopecky 1974; Angelico sylvetris-
Cirsietum cani Burescu 1998
 The assessment of conservation status of 6430
(cf. Mihăilescu et al. 2015)

Bioregion/Parameter ALP CON PAN PON MBLS STE

Area (Km2) 5600 6000 1000 300 n/a 2800

FV FV FV FV FV

Surface (Km2) 1700 175 700 300 n/a 2000

FV FV FV FV FV

Structure and features FV FV FV FV n/a FV

Prospects FV FV U1 FV n/a FV

Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul sintetic
Legend
privind starea de conservare a speciilor şi habitatelor de interes
FV = favorable
conservation status
comunitar din România/Summary report on the conservation status of
species and habitats of community interest in Romania/. Constanţa: Edit.
Dobrogea, pag. 231
Major threats:
➨ Low-lying communities
are often highly degraded
and invaded by weeds,
sometimes even massively
invaded by some alien plant
species (e. g. Helianthus
tuberosus, H. decapetalus,
Rudbeckia laciniata,
Reynoutria japonica, R. x
bohemica, R. sacchalinensis, Impatiens glandulifera in ROSCI0294 Crişul Alb
Solidago canadensis, between Gurahonţ and Ineu
Impatiens glandulifera etc.)

» displacing native vegetation by

alien plant communities (e.g. ass.
Helianthetum tuberosi...)

Helianthus tuberosus in ROSCI0030

Cheile Lăpuşului
 ... or phytocoenoses of Robinia
pseudacacia ...

ROSCI0157 Pădurea Hagieni-Cotul Văii

➨ minerals extraction (e.g. chalk, limestone)

ROSCI0172 Pădurea şi valea Canaraua Fetii-Iortmac

https://peterlengyel.wordpress.com/2011
RESULTS: habitat loss & alteration in many SCI’s !!!

Conservation measures taken and needed

➲ prohibition of drainage
➲ prohibition of deforestation
➲ prohibition of vegetation fires
➲ prohibition of other forest road construction
➲ colonizing and invasiving (plant & animal species) control
➲ these communities often complement by their high biomass those
riverine forest habitats (forest-galleries) (e.g. habitat 91E0*)
and plays role of ecological corridors ➪ the conservation issues
of habitat 6430 must be corellated with maintaining a proper
structure and functioning of the corridors
 References
■ Alexiu, V., 1998, Vegetatia Masivului Iezer-Papusa, Edit. Cultura Pitesti
■ Anghel, Gh. & colab., 1965, Studiu si cartarea pasunilor din corpul Crint-Muntii Cibinului, Com. bot. 3: 47-
80
■ Ardelean, A., 1999, Flora si vegetatia din Valea Crisului Alb, Vasile Goldis University Press Arad
■ Barabas, N., 1974, Contributii la studiul vegetatiei din bazinul Tazlaului, Stud. Comunic. Muz. Sti. Nat.
Bacau, 7: 93-178
■ Beldie, Al., 1967, Flora si vegetatia Muntilor Bucegi, Edit. Acad. Bucuresti
■ Borza, Al., 1934, Studii fitocenologice în muntii Retezatului, Bul. Grad. Bot. Muz. Bot. Cluj, 14(1-2): 1-84
■ Borza, Al., 1946, Vegetatia muntelui Semenic din Banat, Bul. Grad. Bot. Muz. Bot. Cluj, 26(1-2): 24-53
■ Borza, Al., 1959, Flora si vegetatia vaii Sebesului, Edit. Acad. Bucuresti
■ Boscaiu, N., 1971, Flora si vegetatia Muntilor Tarcu, Godeanu si Cernei, Edit. Acad. Bucuresti
■ Buia Al., Păun M., Pavel C., 1962, Pajistile din Masivul Parâng si îmbunatatirea lor, Edit. Agro-Silvica
Bucuresti
■ Chifu T. et al. 2006, Flora si vegetatia Moldovei (România), Edit. Univ. “Al.I. Cuza” Iasi
■ Coldea Gh. 1990, Muntii Rodnei. Studiu geobotanic, Edit. Acad. Bucuresti
■ Coldea Gh., 1991, Prodorme des associations vegetales des Carpates du sud-est (Carpates Roumaines),
Documents Phytosociologiques Camerino, 13: 317-539
■ Coroi, A. M. 2001, Flora si vegetatia bazinului râului Milcov (jud. Vrancea), Edit. Tehnopres Iasi
■ Coroi, M., 2001, Flora si vegetatia bazinului râului Susita (jud. Vrancea), Edit. Tehnopres Iasi
■ Coroi, M., Coroi, A.M., 1995, Contributii la studiul vegetatiei mezohigrofile si higrofile de la limita estica
a Sucarpatilor Neamtului, Bul. Grad. Bot. Iasi, 5: 241-250
■ Csuros St., Kovacs, A., Moldovan, I., 1964, Cercetari de vegetatie în rezervatia stiintifica a Parcului
National Retezat, Contr. Bot. Cluj, 167-188
■ Danciu, M., 1973, Contributii la studiul asociatiilor aliantei Filipendulo-Petasition din sudul muntilor
Baraolt, Bul. Univ. Brasov, Ser. C. Matem.-Fit.-Chim.-St. Nat., 15, 123-131
■ Dihoru, Gh., 1975, Învelisul vegetal din muntele Siriu, Edit. Acad. Bucuresti
■ Doniţă, N., Popescu, A., Pauca-Comanescu M., Mihailescu S. & Biri. I.-A. 2005. Habitate din
România, Edit. Tehnica Silvica Bucuresti
■ Dragulescu, C., 1995, Flora si vegetatia din bazinul Vaii Sadului, Edit, Constant Sibiu,
■ Dragulescu, C., 2004, The vegetation of the Cibin Valley (Southern Transylvania), Kanitzia, Sombathely,
12, 25-42
■ Fink, G.H., 1977, Pflanzengesellschaften der Schulergebirges (Sudostkarpaten), Staphia, Linz, 2
■ Grigore, St.,1968, Vegetatia nitrofila din zona de interfluviu Timis-Bega, Lucr. Sti. Inst. Agron.
Timisoara, 11, 471-491
■ Hodisan, I., 1966, Vegetatia higrofila din Bazinul Fenesului (raionul Alba, reg. Hunedoara), Contr. Bot, II,
49-56
■ Huml, O., Leps, J., Prach, K., Rejmanek, M., 1979, Zur Kenntnis der Quelflusen alpinen Hochstadenflusen
und Gebüsche des Fagaras-Gebirges in den Südkarpaten, Preslia, Praha, 51, 1, 35-45
■ Mihailescu S. 2001, Flora si vegetatia masivului Piatra Craiului, Edit. Vergiliu Bucuresti
■ Mihăilescu S., Strat D., Cristea I. & Honciuc V. 2015. Raportul sintetic privind starea de conservare a
speciilor şi habitatelor de interes comunitar din România/Summary report on the conservation
status of species and habitats of community interest in Romania/. Constanţa: Edit. Dobrogea,
pag. 231
■ Mititelu, D.& Barabas, N., 1975, Vegetatia din lunca Prutului, Stud. Com. Muz. Sti. Nat. Bacau, 8, 163-218
■ Mititelu, D. et al., 1986, Contributie la studiul vegetatiei ierboase din muntii Calimani, Anal. Sti. Univ.
“Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi (Ser. nouă), 32, s. II-a Biol.: 33-35
■ Monah F. 2001, Flora si vegetatia cormofitelor din lunca Siretului, Edit. Const. Matasă, Piatra Neamţ
■ Nechita, N., 2003, Flora si vegetatia cormofitelor din masivul Hasmas, Cheile Bicazului si Lacul Rosu,
Muz. Sti. Nat. Piatra Neamt
■ Nyárády, A., 1968, Date fitocenologice din România I, Petasitetum kablikianii Pawł. 1936, Notulae bot.
Hort. Agrobot. Cluj, 61-66
■ Oroian, Silvia, 1998, Flora si vegetatia defileului Muresului între Toplita si Deda, Edit. Casa de Editura
Mures
■ Pascal, P., Mititelu, D., 1971, Contributie la studiul vegetatiei din bazinul Bistritei Aurii (jud. Suceava),
Com. Sti. Inst. Ped. Iasi: 331-363
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den Sudkarpaten, Phytocoenologia, 9(3): 257-309
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(Muntii Apuseni), Contr. Bot. Cluj: 131-152
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Bucuresti
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Brukenthal Sibiu, Sti. Nat. 21: 115-212
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Brukenthal Sibiu, St. nat., 22, 173-188
■ Sămărghiţan M. 2005, Flora si vegetatia Vaii Gurghiului, University Press Târgu-Mureş
■ Todor, I., Culica, S., 1967, Contributii la studiul pasunilor din masivul Gîrbova (Studiu geobotanic si de
productie), Comunic. Bot. Bucuresti, 4, 23-55
■ Vicol, C., Schneider-Binder, Erika, Coldea, Gh.,1971, Contributii la vegetatia muntilor Vrancei, Comunic.
Bot. Bucuresti, 12, 349-358
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Nat., 9: 61-79
 OTHER THREATS / IMPACTS ON
HABITATS 6240*, 62C0*, 6410, 6430
change mode in land using
intensive agriculture and its extension (conversion of steppes to arable lands)
drought and drainage of many wet areas
irrigation leading to land salinization
desertification
terracing slopes
suppression of wild vegetation by removing grazing and mowing
burning of the dry vegetation (fall, spring)
planting terraces with trees or/and shrubs etc.
meadows and pastures abandonment
more and more wind power plant (as renewable energies)
unauthorized harvesting of wild flora and fauna, for marketing or industrial
processing
changes in rivers hydrology
introduction of non-native species
growing tourism
funding intensification on wind- and hydro-energies
natural and artificial successions
stakeholder involvement
 Building railways, warehouses,
Overgrazing dry meadows (Hab. *62C0)
roads & highways (W of Techirghiol lake)
ROSCI0165 Pogăneşti Forest

Alien herbaceous plant invasion over the river

habitats loss & alteration sand vegetation
Habitats loss & alteration
ROSCI0022 Canaralele Dunării ROSCI0072 Sand dunes at Hanu Conachi
 Extension of alien lignaceous species (Robinia
pseudacacia) over the river sand vegetation
Introduction of non-native species ROSCI0072 Sand dunes at Hanu Conachi
ROSCI0157 Hagieni forest-Cotul Văii (habitat 62C0* / 6120*)
(habitat 62C0*)

Many wind power plant

Meadows and pastures abandonment
ROSCI0201 North Dobrogean Tableland
(habitat 6240*)
(habitat 62C0*)
 Sand storm, 9th of April, 2015
between Călţuna and Pogoanele,
county of Buzău

http://www.romaniatv.net/
 PRO & CONS – lessons learned

Case study 1
Actions / Interventions:
Fencing nature reserves / SCI’s (with a small surface)
Consequenses / Effects:
Positives: protection against anthropogenic and zoo
impacts
Negatives: “sautéing” vegetation by suppression
grazing and mowing

Case study 2
Mowing
Consequenses / Effects:
Positives: twinning and sprouting of some individuals
reviving shorter vegetation
Negatives: destruction of some invertebrates “nests”
 Case study 3
Actions / Interventions:
Burning dry vegetation
Consequenses / Effects:
Positives: - provision of minerals in soil
- removing “sautéing” over the shorter vegetation
Negatives: destruction parts of regenerative buds and/or
some animals on soils
Case study 4

Ploughing lands on top of the hills and on north slope

Consequenses / Effects:
Positives: -
Negatives: - disruption of water/precipitations migrations
- massif landslides on southern slope by water
infiltrates beneath the high ground layers
 Case study 5
Actions / Interventions:
Terracing the southern hill slopes (prone to landslides)
Consequenses / Effects:
Positives: a reduction of the landslides
Negatives: strong changes in vegetation structure, as a
consequence of alternating land stripes
(horizontals lands / steep slope)

Case study 6
Planting terraces with acacia, persian olive,
etc.
Consequenses / Effects:
Positives: “fixing” lands
Negatives: - emergence of a monoculture
- extinding of trees/shrubs in those areas of
SCI’s, unaffected by landslides
- replacement of rare plant species by weeds
Special issue: GRAZING
- increased grazing intensity leads to an abrupt decrease of
the presence of some plant species, while increasing the
coverage of others, and a rapid installation and spreading of
the invasive species (Stoddart L. A., Smith A. D. & Box T. W. 1975. Range
Management. 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York)

- the prohibition of grazing in some "strictly protected

areas", for example, on some parts of Grindul Lupilor (part
of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve): the adverse
consequences - areas invaded by swamps vegetation and
thickets full of wild boar ... and useless for bird species,
which needed more open habitat ... and all of these areas
have become protected for ...

- ruderalisation - such as in ROSCI0073 Dunele marine de la

Agigea, can easily lead to the loss of the natural values of
the protected area
Official data base (IBIS) is under continue and constant upgrading
 Good practice of grasslands management
Traditional hay-making in ROSCI0265 Valea lui David (Iaşi county)
mowing not every year; some parts abandoned; some parts grazed
Traditionally beehives in ROSCI0171 Pădurea şi pajiştile /
Forest and meadows from / Mârzeşti (Iaşi county)
Mowing lawns twice a year

© Victor Bortaş
Habitat 62C0* conservation by setting strict nature reserves
ROSCI0083 Fântâniţa Murfatlar (Constanţa county)
Public involvement in grasslands management
ROSCI0265 Valea lui David (Iaşi county) (I)
(II)
 Conclusions
- some habitats are specific to certain bio-geographical region(s) (e.g.
6240*, 62C0*), while others have a wider distribution (e.g.
6410, 6430)
- there are habitats and SCI’s that enjoys an acceptable protected
status, while for others particular measures are inadequate;
also, insufficient data still persist on some
- there are doubts over the quality of data already included in
standard files on the habitats and plant / animal species
- N2K habitats distribution isn’t uniform over the bio-geographical
regions
- most habitats either have a random distribution or an aggregate
one
- distribution upgrading is needed at national level of N2K habitats
- it is necessary to complete the database on habitats distribution,
a new guide for habitats identification, implementation of
monitoring schemes, etc.
- administrative efforts are still insufficient, following that for
habitat conservation to implement practical measures with
maximum efficiency to minimize the effects of negative
impacts
 Adrian Oprea

a_aoprea@yahoo.co.uk