TEAM

SPORTS
Submiited by:
CHLARINCE JOY BARDE
DAN IAN BARTOLO
ERICA MAE BUHAT
JOY GRACE SANZ
JOSEF ANTHONY MONTEBON
JOHN LESTER DELA CRUZ
RENISHKA GRACE FLORINO
PRECELLA DEJERO
SCHARLETTE ANGEL DOLLETE
ABEGAIL AMANCA
JAYRIEN LAURENTE
PRINCE ANDREW BULQUERIN
ASHLEY BESA
1.Basketball
 HISTORY OF BASKETBALL:
The game of basketball as it is known today was created by Dr. James Naismith
in December 1891 in Springfiel, Massachusetts, to condition young athletes
during cold months. ... The objective of the game was to throw the basketball
into the fruit baskets nailed to the lower railing of the gym balcony.
The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield,
Massachusetts by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith as a
less injury-prone sport than football. Naismith was a 31-year old graduate
student when he created the indoor sport to keep athletes indoors during the
winters. The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as
the 20th century progressed, first in America and then in other parts of the world.
After basketball became established in American colleges, the professional
game followed. The American National Basketball Association (NBA),
established in 1946, grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the
century, and basketball became an integral part of American culture.
RULES ON HOW TO PLAY
BASKETBALL:
There were only thirteen rules of "basket ball":
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or
both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or
both hands.
3. A player cannot run with the ball, the player must
throw it from the spot on which he catches it,
allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball
when running at good speed.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands, the
arms or body must not be used for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or striking
in any way the person of an opponent shall be
allowed. The first infringement of this rule by any
person shall count as a foul, the second shall
disqualify him until the next goal is made, or if there
was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole
of the game, no substitute.
6. A foul is striking the ball with the fist, violation of
rules 3 and 4, and such as described in rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall
count a goal for opponents.
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or
batted from grounds into the basket and stays there.
If the ball rests on the edge and the opponent moves
the basket it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds it shall be thrown
into the field and played by the person first touching
it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it
straight into the field. The "thrower-in" is allowed five
seconds. If he holds it longer it shall go to the
opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game,
the umpire shall call a foul on them.
10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and
shall note the fouls, and notify the referee when
three consecutive fouls have been made.
11. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and
shall decide when the ball is in play, in-bounds, and
to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He
shall decide when a goal has been made and keep
account of the goals with any other duties that are
usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be fifteen-minute halves, with
five-minute rests between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time
shall be declared the winner. In the case of a draw,
the game may, by agreement of the captains, be
continued until another goal is made.
14. The side making the most goals in that time
shall be declared the winner. In the case of a draw,
the game may, by agreement of the captains, be
continued until another goal is made.
2.VOLLEYBALL
HISTORY OF
VOLLEYBALL:

The game of volleyball, originally called “mintonette,”

was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan after the
invention of basketball only four years before. Morgan, a
graduate of the Springfield College of the YMCA, designed
the game to be a combination of basketball, baseball,
tennis, and handball.
Two years later, the first two-man beach volleyball game
was played, though the professional side of the sport did
not emerge until much later. Not surprisingly, the first
beach volleyball association appeared in California
(1965), and the professional players united under the
auspices of the AVP (American Volleyball Professionals) in
1983.

During the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, American men

and women took gold and silver medals in indoor
volleyball competitions. Four years later at the Olympics
in Korea, the men once again scored gold. Starting in
1996, two-man beach volleyball was officially introduced
to the Olympics. Today, there are more than 800 million
volleyball players worldwide, 46 million of them in the
U.S.

RULES ON HOW TO PLAY

VOLLEYBALL:
Basic Volleyball Rules
1.6 players on the floor at any one time - 3 in the
front row and 3 in the back row
2.Maximum of 3 hits per side
3.Points are made on every serve for wining
team of rally (rally-point scoring).
4.Player may not hit the ball twice in succession.
(A block is not considered a hit.)
5.Ball may be played off the net during a volley
and on a serve.
6.A ball hitting a boundary line is in.
7.A ball is out if it hits an antennae, the floor
completely outside the court, any of the net or
cables outside the antennae, the referee stand
or pole, the ceiling above a non-playable area.
8.It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a
player’s body.
9.It is illegal to catch, hold or throw the ball.
10. A player cannot block or attack a serve
from on or inside the 10-foot line.
11. After the serve, front-line players may
switch positions at the net.
12. Matches are made up of sets; the number
depends on level of play. 3-set matches are 2
sets to 25 points and a third set to 15. Each set
must be won by two points. The winner is the
first team to win 2 sets. 5-set matches are 4
sets to 25 points and fifth set to 15. The team
must win by 2 unless tournament rules dictate
otherwise. The winner is the first team to win
three sets.
3.SOFTBALL
HISTORY OF
SOFTBALL:
Softball began in 1887 when George Hancock, a
reporter for the Chicago Board of Trade, invented
"indoor baseball". By the spring of 1888, the
game had spread outdoors. It was originally called
either mushball, kittenball or indoor baseball, but
by the 1920s it had acquired the name of softball.
The sport became organised in the United States in
1933 with the formation of the Amateur Softball
Association of America (ASA). The sport was
originally played by men and did not become
popular with women until the formation of the ASA.
RULES ON HOW TO PLAY
VOLLEYBALL:

The basic rules of softball

 Two teams (of nine players) alternate turns at
batting and fielding (often called defense).
 The aim for the team batting is to advance a
runner around all bases to the home plate to
score runs.
 The defending team tries to defend its bases
by getting three outs and not allowing the
batting team to score.
 The team that scores the most runs in seven
innings wins. (A tiebreaker procedure comes
into play if the scores are tied after the seventh
innings.)
 Each team’s innings ends when three of its
batters have been ruled out and then the team
that was defending goes in to bat.
4.SOCCER
HISTORY OF
SOCCER:

Records trace the history of soccer back more than

2,000 years ago to ancient China. Greece, Rome,
and parts of Central America also claim to have
started the sport; but it was England that
transitioned soccer, or what the British and many
other people around the world call “football,” into
the game we know today. The English are credited
with recording the first uniform rules for the sport,
including forbidding tripping opponents and
touching the ball with hands.

As the sport developed, more rules were

implemented and more historical landmarks were
set. For example, the penalty kick was introduced
in 1891. FIFA became a member of the
International Football Association Board of Great
Britain in 1913. Red and yellow cards were
introduced during the 1970 World Cup finals. More
recent major changes include goalkeepers being
banned from handling deliberate back passes in
1992 and tackles from behind becoming red-card
penalties in 1998.

RULES ON HOW TO PLAY

SOCCER:

Rules of Football (Soccer)

 A match consists of two 45 minutes halves with a 15
minute rest period in between.
 Each team can have a minimum off 11 players
(including 1 goalkeeper who is the only player
allowed to handle the ball within the 18 yard box)
and a minimum of 7 players are needed to constitute
a match.
 The field must be made of either artificial or natural
grass. The size of pitches is allowed to vary but must
be within 100-130 yards long and 50-100 yards wide.
The pitch must also be marked with a rectangular
shape around the outside showing out of bounds, two
six yard boxes, two 18 yard boxes and a centre
circle. A spot for a penalty placed 12 yards out of
both goals and centre circle must also be visible.
 The ball must have a circumference of 58-61cm and
be of a circular shape.
 Each team can name up to 7 substitute players.
Substitutions can be made at any time of the match
with each team being able to make a maximum of 3
 substitutions per side. In the event of all three
substitutes being made and a player having to leave
the field for injury the team will be forced to play
without a replacement for that player.
 Each game must include one referee and two
assistant referee’s (linesmen). It’s the job of the
referee to act as time keeper and make any
decisions which may need to be made such as fouls,
free kicks, throw ins, penalties and added on time at
the end of each half. The referee may consult the
assistant referees at any time in the match regarding
a decision. It’s the assistant referee’s job to spot
offside’s in the match (see below), throw ins for
either team and also assist the referee in all decision
making processes where appropriate.
 If the game needs to head to extra time as a result of
both teams being level in a match then 30 minutes
will be added in the form of two 15 minute halves
after the allotted 90 minutes.
 If teams are still level after extra time then a penalty
shootout must take place.
 The whole ball must cross the goal line for it to
constitute as a goal.
 For fouls committed a player could receive either a
yellow or red card depending on the severity of the
foul; this comes down to the referee’s discretion. The
yellow is a warning and a red card is a dismissal of
that player. Two yellow cards will equal one red.
Once a player is sent off then they cannot be
replaced.
 If a ball goes out of play off an opponent in either of
the side lines then it is given as a throw in. If it goes
out of play off an attacking player on the base line
then it is a goal kick. If it comes off a defending
player it is a corner kick.