Booklets answers

Unit 1: Force& Motion Lesson one: Types of levers

Worksheet 1:
Q1: Complete the following:
1. The levers are tools that help man to perform heavy tasks more
easily such as the crowbar
2. The fulcrum is a fixed point of a rigid bar.
3. The force of effort is inflicted by a person to equilibrate the
resistance.
4. The lever is a rigid bar rotates on a fixed point.
5. Simple machines make the tasks easier by increasing the force,
distance or speed.
6. The Forces of resistance are resulted from the body we want to
move it.
7. Simple machines make the tasks easier by increasing the force as in
crowbar, nutcracker or increasing the distance as in manual broom
Or increasing the speed as in hockey bat.
Q2: Define
levers: is a rigid bar that rotates around a fixed point called the
fulcrum and is affected by effort force and resistance force.

fulcrum: A fixed point on which a solid bar is placed.(the lever rotates

Q3: Mention the function of:

1. Tweezers: to pick up very small objects

2. Broom: Increase distance by exerting a force for a small distance to
move object large distance.
3. Hockey stick: Increase speed of object that affect on
4. Nut cracker: save the effort exerted by using small force to move
heavy load
5. Coal holder: Avoid dangers like heat.

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Q4: Examine each picture and write the name and function of each:

 Bottle opener  Scissors  Nut cracker  Seesaw

 Open bottles  Cut papers  Peal nuts easily  playing

 tweezers  fish hook  wheel barrow  manual broom

 pick up very small  to fish  carry heavy  make rubbish
objects things move longer
distance

 Hockey bat  stapler  Hammer

 ice holder  Move ball for  put staples into  Fix nails
 hold ice longer distance sheets of paper

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Worksheet 2:
Q1: Mention the type of lever of the following:

2nd class 3rd class 3rd class 3rd class

1st class 3rd class 3rd class 2nd class

2nd class 2nd class 3rd class 1st class

Q2: Compare between:

First class lever Second class lever Third class lever
Fulcrum lies between Resistance lies between Force lies between
force and resistance force and fulcrum resistance and fulcrum

Examples: Examples: Examples:

 See-saw swing  bottle opener  manual broom
 Crowbar  nutcracker  sweet holder
 scissors  wheel barrow  fishing rod
The middle point: The middle point: The middle point:
Fulcrum Force of resistance Force of effort

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Q3: Give reason for :

1. Scissors & scales are from the 1st lever class.
Because the fulcrum is between the resistance and force.
2. Wheel burrow & nut cracker are from the 2nd lever class.
Because the resistance is between the force and fulcrum
3. Fishhook & broom are from 3rd type of lever.
Because the force lies between the resistance and fulcrum.
4. Levers are very important in our daily life.
Because it increases force and transfers it from one place to another. it
also helps us to carry out some jobs with precision and makes us avoid
dangers.
5. Some lever save effort.
Because the resistance is between the force and fulcrum
6. Nail clipper is first class lever.
Because the fulcrum is between the resistance and force.
7. Hockey bat is third class lever.
Because the force lies between the resistance and fulcrum.
8. Bottle opener is second class lever.
Because the resistance is between the force and fulcrum
9. Doctors and watch maker use tweezers as a lever.
Because they use them to pick up minute objects.
10. The manual broom is an increasing distance lever.
Because the hand moves a small distance from the top while the bottom
part moves a longer distance.

Q4: Draw and label the three types of levers:

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Worksheet 3:
Unit 1: Force and motion lesson 2: Law of levers
Q1: Complete the following:
1. The wheel burrow conserves (saves) effort because the force arm is longer
than the resistance arm.
2. The tweezers don’t save effort because the resistance arm is longer than
the force arm.

Q2: Write the scientific term:

1. The type of levers which always saves effort. Second class lever
2. The type of lever which always does not save effort. Third class lever
3. The lever in which the arm of force is shorter than the arm of resistance.
Third class lever
4. The lever in which the arm of force is equal to the arm of resistance. first
class lever
5. Levers that sometimes conserve the effort. first class lever
6. Strong stalks moving around fulcrum& affected by force & resistance
lever.
7. A fixed point with a solid stalk based on it. fulcrum.

Q3:Problem:
A lever is affected by 500 Newton force& its arm length is 20 m& also is
affected by 10000 Newton resistance & its arm length is 5 m, is this lever
is in equilibrium state?
The arm of force > resistance arm .: lever conserves effort

Q4: Mention the type of levers in each:

1. Can opener: Second class lever
2. Swing: First class lever.
3. Fish hook: Third class lever.
4. Nutcracker: Second class lever.
5. Hockey stick: Third class lever
6. Paddle: first class lever .
7. Manual broom: Third class lever.
8. Scissors: first class lever

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Worksheet 4:
Unit 2: Electrical energy lesson 2: Law of levers

Q1: Complete the following:

1. The electric lamp is a tool that converts electric energy into light energy
which is done by passing an electric current through it.
2. The sun is the main source of energy.
3. The torches and candles are examples of artificial sources of energy.
4. The electric current is the flow electric charges [electrons] through a
material conducting electricity
5. Some of the types of the electric lamps are light bulbs(glowing lamps)&
fluorescent lamps(gaseous lamps)
6. The light bulb is the most popular source of artificial light.
7. The light bulb consists of filament, a glass bulb with inert gas & base of
the light bulb.
8. The fluorescent lamp contains the inert argon gas.
9. The filament of the light bulb is made of tungsten & that is because it has a
high melting point.
10. The filament is a coiled thin wire made of tungsten; the electricity reaches it
through connecting wires made of copper & lead.
11. The components of the fluorescent lamp are 2filaments of tungsten, glass
tube & points of connection.
12. The glass tube is vacuumed & contains an inert gas [Argon] & a little of
mercury and the inner tube surface is covered with a phosphoric material.

Q2: Mention the function of:

1. The inert gas in light bulbs.
Avoid burning of the filament and increase its life time.
2. The tungsten filament.
Its melting point is high; this protects it from melting in high temperatures.

Q3: Write the scientific term:

1. Means of converting the electric energy to lightning. Electric lamps
2. They are known as Neon lamps. Fluorescent lamps
3. The flow electric charges [electrons] through a material conducting
electricity. Electric current

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4. A tool that converts electric energy into light energy which is done by
passing an electric current through it. Electric lamps

Worksheet 5:
Unit 1: Electrical energy lesson 2: Dangers of electricity

Q1: Complete the following:

1. Wood & plastic are examples of electric insulators.
2. Water& human body are examples of electric conductors.
3. You cannot put out the electric fires with water because water is good
conductor of electricity.
4. Electricity reaches our houses from electric power stations where the
electric current is transmitted through metal cables.
5. When conductors are present in an electric circuit it completes the
circuit which causes the electric current to flow in the whole circuit.

Q2: Compare between conductors and insulators (in a table)

Good conductors of electricity Electric insulators
Substances that allow electric Substances that don’t allow
current to flow electric current to flow
Examples: water-metals Examples: wood-plastic
In the presence of an electric In the presence of an electric
circuit, the circuit closes and the circuit, the circuit opens and the
electric current flows through the electric current doesn’t flow
whole circuit. through the whole circuit.

Q3: Give reason for the following:

1. Water is not used to put off the fire from electricity.
Because water is good conductor of electricity

2. Wood& plastic are insulators of electricity.

Because in the presence of an electric circuit, the circuit opens and the
electric current doesn’t flow through the whole circuit.

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Revision – Model Answers for

(Units 1 & 2)
1- Write the Scientific term:
1- The force that is resulted from the body we want to move.
(Resistance)
2- A simple machine that increases force and is used to avoid dangers. (Levers)
st
3- The most popular type of levers. (1 class levers)
4- The type of force in the second class lever, that is between the force and
fulcrum.
(Resistance)
rd
5- The type of levers that it’s mid-point is the effort force. (3 class levers)
6- Force x its arm = resistance x its arm (law of levers)
7- A force that increases when the resistance arm is shorter than the force arm.
(Resistance)
8- A type of lever that sometimes its arm of force equals its arm of resistance.
(1st class levers)
9- A type of lever where the effort force maybe larger or smaller than the
resistance force. (1st class levers)
10-A type of lever where the effort force is always greater than the resistance
force. (3rd class levers)
11- A part of the light bulb that is made of thin glass and contains an inert gas.
(Glass bulb)
12-It carries the lamp upright and connects the lamp to the electric source.
(Lamp base)
13-A closed path in which electricity can pass through. (Electric circuit)
14-A danger that occurs when you place flammable materials near electric devices
that generate heat. (electric fires)
15-The material that can be used to extinguish electric fires. (Sand)
16-The danger that occurs when the body is in a closed circuit. (Electric shock)
17-A danger that causes damage to the body tissue. (Electric Burn)

2- What is meant by …?
1- Effort force: The force exerted on the Lever.
2- Arm of resistance: The distance between the fulcrum and resistance.
3- Arm of force: The distance between the fulcrum and effort
4- Law of levers: Effort x its arm = resistance x its arm
5- Lever that saves effort: When we use a small effort to move a large
resistance.
6- Lever that has no mechanical benefit: When we use a large effort to move a
small resistance.
7- Electric lamp: A device that converts electric energy into light energy.

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8- Electric current: The flow of electrons through materials that conduct
electricity.
9- Electric circuit: The closed path through which electricity can pass through.

3- Give reasons for:

1- The pincer, scissors and water pump are considered as levers.
Because they consist of a rigid bar that rotates around a fulcrum and affected by
effort force and resistance force.
2- Doctors and watch makers use tweezers as a lever.
To perform accurate tasks.
3- When the arm of resistance is greater than the arm of effort the lever doesn't
conserve effort.
Because we use a large effort to move a small resistance.
4- When the arm of force is greater than the arm of resistance the lever has mechanical
benefit.
Because we use a small effort to move a large resistance.
5- The force doesn't equal the resistance in 2nd class levers.
Because the arm of force is always greater than the arm of resistance.
6- Nutcracker and wheel barrow have mechanical benefit.
Because the arm of force is greater than the arm of resistance.
7- Copper and lead wires are connected with the filament from one end and the lamp base
from the other end.
To connect the filament to the electric source.
8- The fluorescent lamp is important in our lives.
Because we use it to light houses, offices, factories and advertisements.
9- In decorative lights, if one light bulb burns out the others stay lit.
Because they are connected in parallel.
10-Electric energy is important in our lives.
Because we use it in lighting, cooking and preserving food and operating machines.
11- Plugging many devices in one socket causes an electric fire.
Due to the occurrence of an electric overload.
12-We must disconnect the electric current from devices that generate heat like the
electric iron.
To avoid an electric fire.

13-If we insert an iron nail in an electric circuit, the electric current will pass through and
the circuit will be closed.
Because iron is an electric conductor.
14-If we insert a piece of wood in an electric circuit, the electric current will not pass
through.
Because glass is an electric insulator.
15-We cover unused sockets with a piece of plastic.
To avoid children from inserting objects in the socket and getting an electric
shock.

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4- What happens when … ?

1- The arm of force equals the arm of resistance.
The force will equal the resistance.
2- The arm of effort is longer than the arm of resistance.
The effort is smaller than the resistance and the lever conserves effort.
3- The resistance arm is longer than the force arm.
The effort is larger than the resistance and the lever doesn’t conserve
effort.
4- The resistance is larger than the effort.
The lever conserves effort
5- The effort arm and resistance arm equal 7 cm.
The effort will equal the resistance.
6- There is no glass bulb around the parts of the lamp.
The filament will burn.
7- There is no battery in the electric circuit.
There will be no electric source.
8- Many lights are connected in series.
The light intensity will decrease and if one light bulb burns out the others will
turn off.
9- A light bulb burns out in an electric circuit connected in series.
The other light bulbs will turn off.
10-The electric current passes through the tungsten filament.
It heats up and glows to produce light.
11- Plugging several machines in one socket.
It will cause an electric overload causing an electric fire.
12-A piece of glass is placed in an electric circuit.
Electricity will not pass through.
13-You touch an electric device with wet hands.
You will get an electric shock.
14-You try to fix an electric machine while it is switched on.
You will get an electric shock.
15-A part of your body touches an iron connected with electricity.
You will get an electric burn.

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Write the observation and conclusion for the following experiments:

1.

Observation: The light bulb lights.

Conclusion: The metal key is an electric conductor.

2.

Observation: The light bulb doesn’t light.

Conclusion: The rubber is an electric insulator.

Unit 3: solar eclipse

1. Earth, moon & sun / straight / moon
2. Shadow / sunlight
3. Shadow area (umbra) & semi-shadow (penumbra)
4. Total solar eclipse, partial solar eclipse & annular solar eclipse
5. Total solar eclipse
6. Partial solar eclipse
7. Annular solar eclipse
8. Blindness / retina
9. Movement of the moon

1. Because the outer solar corona keeps on emitting harmful rays to the eye as
ultraviolet & infra red rays
2. Because the moon size appears smaller to that of the sun, so the sun appears as a
lighted ring
3. Due to the difference in the part of the sun that than the moon hides during its
passage in front of the sun.

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Total solar eclipse Partial solar eclipse
Formation In the shadow area of In the semi-shaded
the moon area of the moon

The sun appears Dark disc (disappears Part of the sun can be
completely) seen

1. It increases the life of the filament& protects it from burning.

2. It glows& emits light.

1. Electric lamp
2. Series connection.
3. Parallel connection.
4. Fluorescent lamp.
5. Parallel connection.
6. The electric current.
7. Electric lamp

1. To connect the electricity to the lamp.

2. Because when one of the lamps is damaged or turned off all the lamps of the house
do not turn off.

3. Because it has high melting point, so it does not burn at high temperature.

1. The filament will burn.

2. It will be melted at high temperature.
3. When one of the lamps is damaged or turned off, all the other lamps
will turn off.

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Worksheet 12
Q1: complete
1. Photosynthesis
2. Phosphorus/ magnesium / calcium / zinc
3. Fix (hold) the plant in the soil / absorb water & minerals salts from the soil /
raise water & minerals to the shoot system
4. Water & mineral salts
5. Transpiration
6. Quard
7. Open / close.

Q2: What is meant by?

1. It is the transmission of water molecules through semi permeable membrane from
area of high concentration of water to area of flow concentration of water
2. It is the losing of water in the form of water vapor from the leaves & green parts
through holes (stomata)

Q3: write scientific term:

1. Osmosis
2. Transpiration
3. Root hair
4. Guard cells
5. Xylem (wood tissue)

Q4: Choose
1. Short
2. Thin
3. Transpiration
4. Leaf lower surface
5. Osmosis
6. Losing

Q5. Correct the underlined words:

1. Root
2. Transpiration
3. Guard
4. Sticky
5. Osmosis
6. Stomata.

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