286-9000-1-B Gemini Operators Manual

286-9000-1
Rev. B
February, 2008
™
Gemini Parcel
X-Ray Inspection
System
Operator Manual
American Science and Engineering, Inc.

829 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821
(978) 262-8700 ©Copyright 2008
as-e.com
EXCLUSION OF WARRANTIES:
The materials contained in this manual are based upon the latest information available
to American Science and Engineering, Inc. (AS&E) at the time this manual was pre-
pared. AS&E believes this information to be accurate and complete. However, nothing
contained in this manual is intended to create any warranty or guarantee of any of the
performance specifications, descriptions or instructions set forth herein. Questions or
confirmations should be directed to the AS&E Field Service Department.
The express warranty contained in the AS&E’s standard terms and conditions or the
express warranty provisions of the purchase and sale agreement entered into between
the purchaser and AS&E at the time the equipment was first purchased (Express War-
ranty) constitutes the complete and exclusive agreement between AS&E and the pur-
chaser with respect to warranties. Except as expressly set forth in the Express Warranty,
AS&E EXTENDS NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUD-
ING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Without in any way limiting the generality of the foregoing, AS&E does not warrant:
(a) any product, components, or parts not manufactured by AS&E; (b) defects caused
by failure to provide a suitable installation or operational environment for the product;
(c) damage or malfunction caused by use of the product for purposes other than those
for which it was designed; (d) damage or malfunction caused by disasters or acts of
God such as fire, flood, wind, and lightning; (e) damage or malfunction caused by
unauthorized attachments or modifications; (f) damage or malfunction caused by
repair, maintenance or operation by untrained personnel; (g) damage or malfunction
resulting from failure to follow instructions for use or repair; (h) damage during ship-
ment; or (I) damage or malfunction resulting from any other abuse or misuse by the
purchaser.
With respect to any product, components, or parts not manufactured by AS&E (includ-
ing any van o r other vehicle in which AS&E’s X-ray equipment is installed), the user is
directed to refer to the manuals, warranties and instructions, if any, provided by the
manufacturer of those products, components or parts.
 2008 American Science and Engineering, Inc.
Revision History:
286-9000-1 Rev. A Released: August, 2007
286-9000-1 Rev. B Released: February, 2008
American Science & Engineering, Inc. (AS&E), a Massachusetts corpora-
tion, is a leading worldwide supplier of innovative X-ray inspection and screening sys-
tems. With more than 45 years experience in developing advanced X-ray security
systems, the Company’s product line utilizes a variety of technologies including pat-
ented Z® Backscatter™, Shaped Energy™ and Radioactive Threat Detection (RTD).
These technologies offer superior detection of threats including plastic explosives, plas-
tic weapons, illegal drugs, other contraband, dirty bombs and nuclear devices. AS&E
offers a complete range of X-ray inspection products including Z® Backscatter screen-
ing systems, CargoSearch™, and ParcelSearch™ inspection systems, used for critical
detection and security applications to combat terrorism, drug and weapon smuggling,
trade fraud, and illegal immigration.
Gemini is the first parcel inspection system on the market to combine dual-energy
transmission and proprietary Z Backscatter X-rays, allowing operators to obtain the
most information about the contents of a parcel. Operators simultaneously view two
images, a Z Backscatter image and a dual-energy image, dramatically increasing the
likelihood of finding illegal materials hidden in parcels.
AS&E's highly skilled Field Service Engineers (FSE) provide support services world-
wide. Each FSE, with a technical degree in electrical and mechanical engineering or
equivalent experience, is trained in the operation and repair of electronics, hydraulics,
pneumatics, mechanics, electrical systems, and computers. Available 7 days a week, 24
hours a day, FSEs are located at AS&E offices in Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and
North America.
For more information on AS&E products and technologies, please visit www.as-e.com.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Intended Audience ............................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Document Layout .............................................................................................. 1-2
1.3 General Description .......................................................................................... 1-2
1.4 Personnel Requirements .................................................................................. 1-3
1.5 Hazards .............................................................................................................. 1-3
1.6 Safety Information ............................................................................................. 1-3
1.6.1 Gemini is Safe to Use ................................................................................ 1-3
1.6.2 Safety Notation Conventions ..................................................................... 1-3
1.6.3 Safety Procedures ..................................................................................... 1-5
1.7 Radiation Protocols .......................................................................................... 1-6
1.8 X-Ray Safety ...................................................................................................... 1-6
1.8.1 Operator Safety ......................................................................................... 1-6
1.8.2 Visual Warnings – X-ray Generation .......................................................... 1-6
1.9 The Emergency Stop Button ............................................................................ 1-7
1.10 Bag Jams ........................................................................................................... 1-7
1.11 System Interlocks ............................................................................................. 1-8
1.12 How the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Works ............................. 1-9
1.12.1 How the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Generates X-Rays .... 1-9
1.12.2 How X-Rays Work .................................................................................... 1-9
Chapter 2 Hardware Description .................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Major Hardware Exterior Components ............................................................ 2-2
2.2 Shelf .................................................................................................................... 2-3
2.3 Tunnel ................................................................................................................. 2-3
2.3.1 Package Sensors ....................................................................................... 2-4
2.3.2 Tunnel Curtains .......................................................................................... 2-4
2.3.3 Conveyor Belt Movement .......................................................................... 2-5
2.4 Panel Interconnect ............................................................................................ 2-5
2.5 Operator Console .............................................................................................. 2-6
2.6 Operator Present Switch (Scan Pendant) ....................................................... 2-6
2.7 Image Monitors .................................................................................................. 2-7

Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B v
Table of Contents
Chapter 3 The Operator Console ................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 About the Operator Console ............................................................................ 3-2
3.2 About the Emergency Stop Button .................................................................. 3-4
3.3 The System Control Buttons ............................................................................ 3-5
3.3.1 The Database Button ................................................................................. 3-6
3.3.2 The Quick Save Button .............................................................................. 3-6
3.3.3 The Menu Button ....................................................................................... 3-6
3.3.4 The Scan Button ........................................................................................ 3-6
3.3.5 The Logout Button ..................................................................................... 3-6
3.3.6 The Print Button ......................................................................................... 3-7
3.3.7 The Subsystem Status Button ................................................................... 3-7
3.3.8 The Special Package Button ...................................................................... 3-7
3.4 The Power Off/On/Start Keyswitch .................................................................. 3-8
3.5 The Operator Console Keypad ......................................................................... 3-8
3.6 The Scan Pendant with the Operator Present Switch .................................... 3-9
3.7 The Context Sensitive Buttons ...................................................................... 3-10
3.8 The Dialog Box Navigation Buttons .............................................................. 3-10
3.9 About the Image Manipulation and Enhancement Tools ............................. 3-12
3.10 About the Conveyor Control and Review Buttons ...................................... 3-14
3.10.1 The Conveyor Right Button .................................................................... 3-14
3.10.2 The Conveyor Left Button ...................................................................... 3-14
3.10.3 The Conveyor Stop Button ..................................................................... 3-14
3.11 About the Operator Console Indicators ........................................................ 3-15
Chapter 4 Operating the System .................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Before Powering Up the System ...................................................................... 4-2
4.2 Powering Up the System .................................................................................. 4-3
4.3 The Mode Display .............................................................................................. 4-5
4.4 Scanning the Parcels ........................................................................................ 4-5
4.5 Stopping a Scan ................................................................................................ 4-6
4.6 What About Bag Jams ...................................................................................... 4-6
4.7 Saving an Image ................................................................................................ 4-7
4.8 Restoring an Image ........................................................................................... 4-7
4.9 Analyzing the Scans ......................................................................................... 4-7
4.10 Changing the User Access Level .................................................................... 4-8
4.11 Powering Down the System ............................................................................. 4-9
4.12 About the Subsystem Status Screen ............................................................ 4-10

vi Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B
Table of Contents
Chapter 5 Analyzing Scans ............................................................................................. 5-1

5.1 The Main Image Areas ...................................................................................... 5-2
5.2 The Information Area of the Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray Screen ........ 5-2
5.2.1 The Zoom Indicator .................................................................................... 5-4
5.2.2 Thumbnail Area ......................................................................................... 5-4
5.3 Image Enhancement Tools ............................................................................... 5-6
5.3.1 VIEW Z ...................................................................................................... 5-6
5.3.2 The High Penetration Button ..................................................................... 5-7
5.3.3 AS&E Frame .............................................................................................. 5-8
5.3.4 Metallic Stripping ........................................................................................ 5-9
5.3.5 Organic Stripping ..................................................................................... 5-10
5.3.6 NEG ......................................................................................................... 5-11
5.3.7 Color ........................................................................................................ 5-12
5.3.8 Density Expand ........................................................................................ 5-12
5.3.9 Edge Enhance ......................................................................................... 5-15
5.3.10 Auto-Enhance ........................................................................................ 5-16
5.3.11 The Image Reset Button ........................................................................ 5-17
5.4 Image Navigation Controls ............................................................................. 5-17
5.4.1 The Image Zoom Buttons ........................................................................ 5-17
5.4.2 The Pan Buttons ...................................................................................... 5-18
5.5 Thumbnail Navigation ..................................................................................... 5-19
5.5.1 Review Earlier Images ............................................................................. 5-19
5.5.2 Review Later Images ............................................................................... 5-20
Chapter 6 System Administration .................................................................................. 6-1

6.1 About System Administration Functions ........................................................ 6-2
6.2 Navigating the Menus and Dialog Boxes ........................................................ 6-2
6.3 Displaying the Main Menu ................................................................................ 6-3
6.4 Re-Normalizing the System .............................................................................. 6-6
6.5 Selecting Transport Modes ............................................................................... 6-6
6.5.1 Selecting Auto-Stop Mode ......................................................................... 6-7
6.5.2 Selecting Auto-Return Mode ...................................................................... 6-7
6.5.3 Selecting Normal Mode ............................................................................. 6-7
6.5.4 Selecting Reverse Scan ............................................................................ 6-7
6.6 Displaying the Config Menu ............................................................................. 6-8
6.6.1 Setting Reverse Scan Direction ................................................................. 6-8
6.6.2 Enabling Frames ........................................................................................ 6-9
6.7 Exporting an Image ........................................................................................... 6-9

Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B vii
Table of Contents
6.8 Displaying the System Menu .......................................................................... 6-11

6.8.1 Setting Up the Time Stamp (ADMIN only) ............................................... 6-12
6.8.2 Setting Up the Frames (ADMIN only) ...................................................... 6-13
6.8.3 Committing the Changes (ADMIN only) ................................................... 6-14
6.8.4 Changing the Time (ADMIN only) ............................................................ 6-15
6.9 Archiving Images (ADMIN only) ..................................................................... 6-15
6.10 Displaying the Administration Menu ............................................................. 6-16
6.10.1 About Database Maintenance ................................................................ 6-17
6.10.2 Configuring the Database ...................................................................... 6-20
6.10.3 Archiving Images .................................................................................... 6-21
Chapter 7 The Image Database ...................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Displaying the Database ................................................................................... 7-2
7.2 The Image Database Window Items ................................................................. 7-3
7.3 About the Image Database ............................................................................... 7-4
7.3.1 About the Columns in the Image Database Window ................................. 7-4
7.3.2 Restoring Images ....................................................................................... 7-7
7.3.3 Restoring Archived Images ........................................................................ 7-7
7.4 The Image Database Operation Buttons ......................................................... 7-7
7.4.1 Selecting Images in the Database ............................................................. 7-9
7.4.2 Editing Inspection Data ............................................................................ 7-10
7.4.3 Querying the Database ............................................................................ 7-11
Appendix A Specifications .................................................................A-1

A.1 Equipment Specifications .................................................................................A-2
A.2 Environmental Specifications ..........................................................................A-2
A.3 Overall Size and Weight Specifications ..........................................................A-3
A.4 Power Requirements .........................................................................................A-3
A.5 Scan Tunnel (Parcel Size) Dimensions ............................................................A-4
A.6 Conveyor Specifications ...................................................................................A-4
A.7 System Image Specifications ...........................................................................A-4

viii Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B
Preface
About AS&E®
With nearly 50 years experience in developing advanced X-ray security systems, American Science and
Engineering, Inc. (AS&E®) utilizes a variety of technologies including patented Z BackscatterTM, Shaped
Energy™, and Radioactive Threat Detection (RTD) in its product lines. These technologies offer superior
detection of threats including plastic and liquid explosives, dirty bombs, nuclear devices, weapons, illegal
drugs and other contraband. Our signature technology — Z Backscatter — gives our systems unparalleled
detection capabilities, making it the technology of choice when the highest levels of security are required.
Z Backscatter Technology
AS&E’s Z Backscatter is a patented technology based on the X-ray Compton Scattering effect. As X-rays
hit an object, some are absorbed, producing a dual-energy transmission X-ray image, and others are
“scattered.” Z Backscatter images are formed from the X-rays that are scattered back toward the X-ray
source. Compton Scattering effect is material-dependent, with the lower atomic number materials
scattering more strongly than the higher numbered ones. Z Backscatter detects and highlights these “low
Z” materials (items that contain low atomic number elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen). Low Z materials include explosives, drugs, alcohol, and tobacco. These items appear bright and
well defined in Z Backscatter images, making it easy to identify hidden organic materials that might be
security threats. The high quality and clarity of Z Backscatter images reduces operator fatigue while
increasing productivity. AS&E holds more than 20 patents on Z Backscatter technology.
Products and Markets

AS&E offers several lines of X-ray systems for critical security applications to combat terrorism, drug and
weapon smuggling, trade fraud, and illegal immigration. These systems include Cargo and Vehicle
Inspection, Z Backscatter-Only Inspection, Parcel, Mail and Baggage Inspection, and Personnel
Screening.
Z Backscatter Inspection Systems include the Z Backscatter Van™ (ZBV™) and ZBV Military Trailer™,
mobile cargo and vehicle screening systems, and Z Portal™, a drive-through cargo and vehicle screening
system. Z Backscatter X-ray technology provides high-quality, photo-like images that offer outstanding
detection of organic materials, such as plastic explosives and drugs. These systems allow for rapid
screening of containers and vehicles for terrorist threats, trade fraud, stowaways, and contraband. The
ZBV is an industry leader for drive-by screening systems because of its low-cost, flexibility, and
maneuverability — all contained in a commercially available delivery van. ZBV Military Trailer is a
rugged X-ray system built onto a standard 5-ton military trailer. AS&E’s Z Portal is a multi-view, drive-
through inspection system capable of scanning cars, vans, trucks, and their cargos for threats and
contraband.
Cargo and Vehicle Inspection includes the OmniView™ Gantry, a relocatable high energy inspection
system which utilizes both dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter technologies. It is ideal for
inspecting vans, trucks, and air and sea cargo containers for a variety of materials including explosives,

Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B ix
drugs and weapons. The OmniView Gantry is the only multi-view relocatable system available today that
combines 6.0 MeV high-energy X-ray transmission inspection plus three Z Backscatter views for left,
right, and topside imaging of cargo. Our cargo and vehicle inspection systems are designed to combat
terrorism, trade fraud, drug trafficking, and weapons smuggling.
Parcel, Mail, and Baggage Inspection (ParcelSearch™) Systems include Gemini, a multitechnology
parcel system that combines dual-energy transmission X-ray technology and Z Backscatter X-ray
technology for the most complete and accurate threat detection available. Dual-energy transmission X-ray
provides outstanding image quality, and enables the quick detection of a wide variety of threats such as
guns, knives, and wires for explosive devices. Gemini’s Z Backscatter X-rays simultaneously generates an
image that provides enhanced detection of organic materials such as plastic explosives (including sheet
and liquid explosives), drugs, and plastic weapons. The combination of technologies dramatically
increases the likelihood of finding illegal materials hidden in parcels. AS&E also offers parcel systems
with varying tunnel sizes and configurations to fit diverse applications and inspection environments.
These systems are primarily used in government facilities, airports, high-security federal facilities,
commercial office buildings, and convention centers.
Personnel Screening (SmartCheck™) System is a safe, non-intrusive system that allows operators to
detect threats and contraband hidden on a person. The system displays both organic and inorganic
materials, revealing objects such as guns and knives, plastic and liquid explosives, composite weapons,
and other hidden threats and contraband. The SmartCheck system employs a software algorithm to protect
the privacy of screened passengers while still effectively displaying threats. The privacy-filtered image
provides operators with information to identify the nature and location of any threats, but it will not show
revealing images of the screened individual. The privacy-filtered image shows an outline of the passenger
and outlines any potential threats on the person.
Service and Support

To help AS&E’s customers accomplish their security missions, AS&E has built a worldwide Service &
Support organization which uses the latest CRM technology to keep team members in touch, leverage
talents and expertise, and place them wherever and whenever they are needed. The Company also
provides comprehensive, cost-effective Spare Parts solutions customized to the customer’s particular
system. AS&E maintains strategically located spare parts depots globally for rapid parts deployment.
Additionally, the company offers comprehensive technical training that goes beyond the basics. Its
extensive network of Service and Training representatives is available worldwide, 24 hours a day, 365
days a year.
Customers
AS&E’s customers include leading governmental agencies, border authorities, military bases, airports,
and corporations worldwide, including the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Department of
Defense, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, NATO, Royal Thai Police, HM Revenue & Customs
(U.K.) and Hong Kong Customs. To date our installed base consists of over 2,100 parcel and personnel
inspection systems, over 300 Z Backscatter screening systems and more than 90 cargo and vehicle
inspection systems. Our Z Backscatter Van is the single largest selling container and vehicle inspection
system with over 50 customers in 25 countries.
Company History
AS&E has a strong and storied history of scientific innovation, particularly in the field of X-ray
technology. Formed in 1958, AS&E began as a developer of scientific instruments and applications for
NASA. In 1959, Dr. Riccardo Giacconi joined AS&E and created an X-ray astronomy team. In the

x Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B
coming decades, Dr. Giacconi's team made a succession of pioneering discoveries and developments in
the field of X-ray technology, including the discovery of the first known X-ray source outside the solar
system (1962), the first successful soft X-ray photograph of the sun (1965), the launch of the first satellite
dedicated completely to X-ray astronomy (1970), and the launch of the Einstein Observatory — the
world's largest X-ray telescope (1978). Dr. Giacconi's pioneering work at AS&E later earned him the
Nobel Prize in Physics.
In subsequent years, AS&E also developed innovative technologies in the fields of defense, education,
medicine, non-destructive testing, and security. AS&E's additional technological achievements include:
development of low energy, high resolution Computed Tomography (CT) scanning of the human body,
derivatives of which are used today in medical scanning systems worldwide; as well as development of
the first practical rail car inspection system used by the U.S. Government to scan rail cars leaving Russian
missile factories, to confirm compliance with the 1972 Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. AS&E
also designed and implemented high-resolution non-destructive testing systems to inspect aluminum
welds on the U.S. Space Station.
Today, AS&E X-ray systems offer the most advanced technologies available to detect threats and
contraband. Governments and businesses around the globe count on AS&E detection systems to combat
terrorism and trade fraud.
Contact Information
Sales: sales@as-e.com
International Sales: intlsale@as-e.com
www.as-e.com

Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B xi
xii Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B
Chapter 1. Introduction
This chapter explains what you should know before you read the remainder of this document and before
you operate the system.
This chapter contains the following:
Topic Section Page

Intended Audience....................................................................... 1.1.............................1-1
Document Layout ........................................................................ 1.2.............................1-2
General Description ..................................................................... 1.3.............................1-2
Personnel Requirements ............................................................. 1.4.............................1-3
Hazards ....................................................................................... 1.5.............................1-3
Safety Information ....................................................................... 1.6.............................1-3
Radiation Protocols ..................................................................... 1.7.............................1-6
X-Ray Safety ............................................................................... 1.8.............................1-6
The Emergency Stop Button........................................................ 1.9.............................1-7
Bag Jams..................................................................................... 1.10...........................1-7
System Interlocks ........................................................................ 1.11 ...........................1-8
How the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Works ........... 1.12...........................1-9
1.1 Intended Audience

This manual is intended to be used by properly trained users and administrators of the Gemini™ Parcel X-
Ray Inspection System. Users are, but are not limited to Screeners, Operators Screeners-In-Charge.
Administrators are, but are not limited to, Station Managers, Guard Company Managers, Checkpoint
Security Supervisors, and Ground Security Coordinators.
This manual contains all the features and functionality, available to the user and administrator. It does not
contain features and functionality available only to the super user or field service. Any feature or function
specific to the user or to the administrator is noted.
The default account for the administrator is SITEADMIN. The default account for the user is USER.

Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B 1-1
Introduction
1.2 Document Layout

This document is laid out as follows:
Table of Contents
Preface About American Science and Engineering, Inc. company and products.
1. Introduction Lists things you must know before operating the Gemini Parcel X-Ray
Inspection System.
2. Hardware Description A general walk-around of the system. It shows you where to find different
parts of the system such as warning lights, the main circuit breaker, the
package sensor, etc.
3. The Operator Console
Explains the Operator Console buttons, functionality, and indicators.
4. Operating the System
Explains the every day operation of the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection
System. This includes powering up, logging in, scanning, displaying reports,
logging out, and powering down.
5. Analyzing Scans Explains how to use the image control features to analyze scans and detect
threats. It shows where these features are on the Operator Console and how
they work.
6. System Administration
Explains the operations that need to be done before scanning and after
scanning. It is an explanation of how to set up system parameters and what
to do with images once you have scanned the parcels.
7. Database Administration
Explains about databases, how to manage records, how to delete records and
how to save them.
Appendix A Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Specifications.
1.3 General Description

The Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System X-ray Inspection System from AS&E combines dual-
energy transmission X-ray technology with patented Z Backscatter technology for the most
comprehensive threat detection available for mail, parcel, and baggage screening.
Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System's unique capability to detect both metallic and non-metallic
threats — even in cluttered environments — makes it an invaluable inspection tool for security officials.
The power of the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System lies in its ability to simultaneously detect both
organic and inorganic materials with its combination of dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter
X-rays — two complementary, advanced, and commercially proven technologies. Together they provide
the most information available about the contents of a parcel.
Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System's dual-energy transmission X-ray generate a high resolution
image in which metallic threats such as guns and knives are easily detected and fine details such as tiny
wires, that could indicate an improvised explosive device, can be discerned.

1-2 Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B
Introduction
Dual-energy transmission X-ray technology uses two X-ray energy levels to determine the “effective”
atomic number of objects in the parcel and then colorizes the image based on material type. Gemini Parcel
X-Ray Inspection System's Z Backscatter X-rays generate an image that highlights organic materials —
such as sheet explosives, bulk explosives, narcotics, and plastic weapons — frequently missed in
transmission-only detection systems. Z Backscatter’s photo-like images facilitate image interpretation and
reduce operator fatigue.
1.4 Personnel Requirements

Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System is designed to be operated by one person.
1.5 Hazards
Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System equipment includes, but is not limited to, the following potential
hazards:
• Deadly high voltages (via access panels)
• Moving parts (via access panels)
• X-rays (via equipment inside the scanner cabinet)
1.6 Safety Information
1.6.1 Gemini is Safe to Use

During normal operation the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System is very safe and presents no danger
to the operator or people adjacent to the system. Safety is assured as long as the system is secure, all
panels are in tact and all interlocks are operating properly.
In general:
• There is no harm to pregnant women; people with pacemakers; people with other medical
conditions.
• Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System is safe for all materials, including all speed films;
magnetic media; medications; foods.
1.6.2 Safety Notation Conventions

To make information regarding safety issues instantly identifiable, this manual applies standard safety
symbol and information box conventions where appropriate.
1.6.2.1 Safety Symbols
Symbol (colors vary) Explanation
Danger - Warning -Caution. Risk of danger or damage. Refer to Field

Service Manual. See “Admonitions”.

Introduction
Earth - ground connection
Caution. Risk of electric shock.
CAUTION X-RAYS
This equipment produces X-rays when energized.
RADIATION HAZARD
Risk of radiation exposure. Take recommended precautions.
Caution laser. Risk of damage to vision. Do not look into active source.
1.6.2.2 Admonitions
Throughout this manual, safety messages are enclosed in different types of information boxes. These
admonition formats are described below.
Danger
DANGER indicates an imminent hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, can
result in death or serious injury. This admonition is limited to extreme situations.
WARNING: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could

cause bodily injury.
CAUTION: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may

damage system equipment. It may also be used to alert against unsafe
practices.
NOTE: A Note is intended to convey pertinent information about a task to be performed.

Introduction
1.6.3 Safety Procedures
WARNING: System power distribution set-up and teardown should be done by a

certified Field Service Engineer.
Certified and trained Operators may set-up the power system with the
approval of their governing authority.
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System is designed for safe operation. Improper use of the
equipment may create radiation, electrical, or mechanical hazards.
NOTE: IMPORTANT: All certified service personnel must complete a training course
covering radiation safety and the use and operating principles of the Gemini Parcel
X-Ray Inspection System.
All users must observe the following safety rules.

• Read this manual before operating the equipment!
Pay attention to all DANGER, WARNING and CAUTION messages in the manuals.
• Allow only authorized and certified persons to operate and service this equipment.
Do not open the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System panels unless you are a trained Field Ser-
vice Engineer.
Do not leave the system unattended at any time while it is in operation.
Do not attempt to service AS&E X-ray equipment unless trained and certified by the manufacturer.
• Observe safety precautions.
Before performing any maintenance operation, turn the power key to OFF on the Operator Console.
Do not override any of the safety interlocks.
Do not insert any part of the body (or any other objects) into X-ray generating equipment or elec-
tronic housings while X-rays are being generated.
• Maintain the equipment properly.
Inspect and maintain equipment in accordance with published schedules.
Report any change or damage to the high-voltage circuits, safety circuits, shielding, detectors, and/
or system alignment to AS&E Field Service.
WARNING: X-ray generating equipment employs high voltages, which can be lethal if
contacted. To avoid accidents, only AS&E-certified service personnel are
authorized to service this system.
Operate, service, and maintain the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System in a proper manner as
described in this operator’s manual.

Introduction
1.7 Radiation Protocols

The system does not expose operating personnel or the general public to radiation-related health hazards.
The radiation does not affect high-speed photographic film, magnetic tapes and disks, or prescription
medicines. Please refer to Appendix A, Specifications for further radiation specifications.
An annual radiation survey performed by qualified service personnel is required as part of scheduled
preventive maintenance and whenever non-routine service involving the X-ray source is performed. The
purpose of this requirement is to monitor the continuing safety of the system and to help ensure that the
installation continues to meet all radiation safety design goals. Certified service personnel using the
appropriate calibrated equipment must perform radiation surveys. AS&E Field Service will perform
annual surveys during maintenance visits.
WARNING: Never reach into the tunnel while X-rays are being generated. Turn X-rays
off if access to tunnel area is required.
1.8 X-Ray Safety

The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System X-ray Inspection System complies fully with radiation
performance standards for Cabinet X-ray Systems as set forth by the Center for Devices and Radiological
Health (CDRH) of the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under 21 CFR, Subchapter J, Section
1020.40 requiring less than 0.5 mR/hour exposure at 2” (5 cm) from the surface of the cabinet.
1.8.1 Operator Safety

The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Scanner emits less than 0.1 mR in any one hour @ 2” (5 cm)
from the surface in any hour, from all sides of the system.
1.8.2 Visual Warnings – X-ray Generation

The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System has three visual X-ray generation indicators:
• One X-ray status indicators on the Operator Console (below).
X-ray On indicator
• On the X-ray tunnel, two red indicator lights at the top of each end of the tunnel illuminate during
X-ray generation (below).

Introduction
X-ray On Indicator
Front Rear
Figure 1-1: The X-Ray On Indicators
1.9 The Emergency Stop Button

Emergency Stop buttons (E-stop) are installed on the Operator’s Console, the conveyor tunnel entrance,
and the conveyor tunnel exit.
Emergency Stop
Button (typical)
Pressing an E-stop button terminates all power; the conveyor stops and the system shuts down.
Twisting an E-stop button clockwise unlatches the button and returns it to the ready position.
NOTE: If you press the E-stop button you must restart the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection
System system using the key on the Operator Console to continue scanning.
1.10 Bag Jams

If the parcels jam in the tunnel, do not attempt to remedy the situation before taking the proper steps to
assure that the conveyor belt is stopped and the X-Rays are turned off.
See Section 5.7, What About Bag Jams for this procedure.

Introduction
1.11 System Interlocks
Danger
Never disable any interlock.
System interlocks form a network of looped, serial switches, which must all be closed prior to turning on
X-rays. All interlocks are accessible only via the access panels. These interlocks take a variety of forms as
described below.
X-Ray Tube
The X-ray interlock consists of a High Voltage Power Supply heat sensor and two roller switches that
indicate the X-ray components are assembled correctly.
Scan Pendant and Operator Present Switch

The Scan Pendant, attached to the Operator Console by a coiled cable, includes a button at the free end
called the Operator Present Switch. Depress and hold the Operator Present Switch for the entire warm up
period and the entire time scanning takes place. Releasing the switch while scanning stops the
conveyor, turns off X-rays and halts scanning.

Introduction
1.12 How the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Works

The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System uses two different X-ray systems to analyze the contents of
a parcel, dual-energy transmission X-ray (Tx) and Z Backscatter (Bx).
1.12.1 How the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Generates X-Rays
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System has two X-ray tubes (see Figure 1-2) that run on high-
voltage electricity and generate X-rays. When the system turns off the input voltage the X-rays turn off.
The X-rays turn on only when there is a parcel on the conveyor belt, the belt is moving, and the parcel is
inside the lead-lined tunnel.
Figure 1-2: Typical X-Ray Generation Tube
The X-ray tubes are not radioactive devices. That is, when the power is turned off, there is no emission of
X-rays.
1.12.2 How X-Rays Work

X-rays transmit from the tube in all directions but the system turns this spherical emission into a flat beam
so it can be directed to the parcel. When the X-ray beam hits matter, three things happen:
• The X-rays stop when they hit the matter (absorption)
• The X-rays pass through the matter (transmission).

Introduction
• The X-rays bounce off the matter in varying degrees (scatter).
Figure 1-3: Three Effects of Matter on X-Ray Transmission
Generally, things that are organic tend to scatter X-rays, while things that are not organic tend to absorb X-
rays.
Generally, Z Backscatter technology is better at detecting organic material, and dual-energy transmission
X-ray technology is better at detecting inorganic material
Looking at Z Backscatter and dual-energy transmission X-ray images together provides the best chance of
finding anomalies.
Examples of Organic Material:

• People
• Drugs
• Paper money
• Explosives
• Cigarettes
• Plastic guns
Examples of Inorganic Material:

• Metal guns
• Knives
• Wires

Chapter 2. Hardware Description
This chapter describes the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System hardware.
Topic Section Page

Major Hardware Exterior Components ........................................ 2.1.............................2-2
Shelf ............................................................................................ 2.2.............................2-3
Tunnel.......................................................................................... 2.3.............................2-3
Panel Interconnect....................................................................... 2.4.............................2-5
Operator Console ........................................................................ 2.5.............................2-6
Operator Present Switch (Scan Pendant) ................................... 2.6.............................2-6
Image Monitors ............................................................................ 2.7.............................2-7

Hardware Description
2.1 Major Hardware Exterior Components

The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System major exterior hardware components are shown in Figure 2-
1 and Figure 2-2, and described in following subsections.
NOTE: The opening of the tunnel that has the longer conveyor segment is the front of the
Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System system, The opening of the tunnel that
has the shorter conveyor segment and interconnect panel is the rear of the Gemini
Parcel X-Ray Inspection System system.
Monitors Top Front Access Panel
X-ray On Indicator
Top Cover
Front E-Stop Button
Tunnel - Entrance
Curtain
Conveyor
Operator Console
and Pendant Front Trim Panel
Left Side Trim Panel
Left Front View
Figure 2-1: Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Front Main Exterior Components
Top - Rear Keyed Access Panel

Top Cover Cable Port
X-ray On Indicator
Rear E-Stop Button
Tunnel - Exit
Curtain
Right Side Trim Panel Conveyor
Fan
Panel Interconnect
Rear Trim Panel
Left Rear View
Figure 2-2: Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Rear Main Exterior Components

2.2 Shelf
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System includes a removable shelf (see Figure 2-3) for the Operator
Console.
The shelf braces are equipped with hook tabs to slip and hook into slots in the chassis shelf support
structure. The shelf can be mounted on either side, and adjusted to the desired height.
Hook Tabs
Shelf (removable)
Figure 2-3: Removable Shelf and Braces for Operator Console
2.3 Tunnel
The lead lined tunnel (see Figure 2-4) surrounds the conveyor and contains:
• Transmission Detection Slots with X-ray beam sources and detectors mounted underneath the
conveyor.
• Package sensors
• Tunnel curtains

Tx Detection slot Rear Curtain
Belt
Package sensor
Lead side
Front View
Figure 2-4: Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Tunnel (inside view)
2.3.1 Package Sensors

Two infrared package sensor (source and receiver) setups are mounted in the scan tunnel; approximately
15.2 cm (6 in.) in from the front and back of the tunnel. Parcel presence on the conveyor is detected when
a parcel breaks a sensor’s infrared beam.
The system can be configured for parcels to pass through the tunnel in either direction.
X-rays turn on when the first parcel sensor detects the presence of a bag.
X-rays turn off after a pre-set interval when the package sensor detects that the parcel is no longer
blocking the infrared beam.
NOTE: Pressing the Special Package button on the Operator Console disables the
package sensor.
2.3.2 Tunnel Curtains

Tunnel top mounted, vertical lead-composition rubber curtain panels provide X-ray protection at the
tunnel entrance and exit.

2.3.3 Conveyor Belt Movement

These conveyor movement configurations are available:
• Normal (no other mode buttons pushed): Moves continuously from the tunnel entrance toward the
tunnel exit.
• Auto Stop: Stops when the parcel has been scanned.
• Special Package: Defeats the package sensors and allows the operator to scan unusually large and/
or unusually long parcels.
• Auto Return: Reverses motion and returns the scanned parcel to the front.
• Reverse Scan: Scans the parcels in the opposite direction to Normal.
2.4 Panel Interconnect

Panel Interconnect
USB Port
Operator Console Connector (RJ245)
Host (remote - RJ245)
Operator Console Connector (DB15)
Input Power connection

Main Circuit Breaker
Figure 2-5: Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Panel Interconnect
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System panel interconnect (see Figure 2-5) contains the following:
• USB Port (exterior connection to Acquisition Chassis)
• Operator Console (RJ245) - Ethernet connection for Operator Console
• Operator Console (DB15pin) - connection for Operator Console
• Host (RJ245) - Ethernet connection
• Input Power - power cord connection to mains
• CB1 - system circuit breaker

2.5 Operator Console

The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Console (see Figure 2-6 and Figure 2-7) provides
the control point for scanning and image analysis functions.
Figure 2-6: Operator Console and Scan Pendent
Operator Console Signal and control cables Jack for Scan Pendant
Figure 2-7: Operator Console Rear View
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Console is linked via two signal and control cables
to the System Controller on the electronics panel inside the machine via the Panel Interconnect.
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Console can be placed at an operator station
adjacent to the machine, or be remotely stationed (limited by length of optional cables).
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Console also contains a phono jack connector for
the Operator Present switch.
For details on the Operator Console functions, refer to paragraph Section 3.1 on page 3-2.
2.6 Operator Present Switch (Scan Pendant)

The system is provided with a handheld Operator Present Scan Pendant (see Figure 2-6) connected to the
back of the Operator Console with a phono jack.
The Operator Present switch is a momentary contact, normally open switch, on a coiled cord. The operator
presses and holds the button on the Scan Pendant (or stands on the floor mat) to begin and continue
scanning. Releasing the button (or stepping off the floor mat) stops the scanning.

2.7 Image Monitors

The single X-ray source Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Tx Only uses one monitor. The two X-
ray source Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System uses two monitors; one for dual-energy transmission
X-ray images, one for Z Backscatter images.
A monitor (see Figure 2-8) is typically located on the top of the unit and connected to Acquisition Chassis
inside the machine via the cable port in the top cover.
LCD Display
Monitor Connector
Panel (cover
removed)
Display Controls Stand Power Connector VGA Cable Connect
Monitor Front Monitor Rear
Figure 2-8: Typical Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Image Monitors


Chapter 3. The Operator Console
This chapter describes the operation of the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System. This includes the
tasks performed by the user logged in with operator permissions. Some of these tasks include powering up
the system; logging in; saving images; identifying threats; manipulating image quality; managing the
image database.
Topic Section Page

About the Operator Console ........................................................ 3.1.............................3-2
About the Emergency Stop Button .............................................. 3.2.............................3-4
The System Control Buttons........................................................ 3.3.............................3-5
The Power Off/On/Start Keyswitch .............................................. 3.4.............................3-8
The Operator Console Keypad .................................................... 3.5.............................3-8
The Scan Pendant with the Operator Present Switch ................. 3.6.............................3-9
The Context Sensitive Buttons .................................................... 3.7...........................3-10
The Dialog Box Navigation Buttons ............................................. 3.8...........................3-10
About the Image Manipulation and Enhancement Tools ............. 3.9...........................3-12
About the Conveyor Control and Review Buttons ....................... 3.10.........................3-14
About the Operator Console Indicators ....................................... 3.11 .........................3-15
CAUTION: Before operating the system, read and thoroughly understand the
radiation warnings and safety precautions described in Chapter 1,
Introduction.

The Operator Console
3.1 About the Operator Console

The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Console is a control panel that sits on a removable
shelf, desk, or table in full view of the dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter displays. The
console enables one person to operate the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System and manipulate the
images from the same location.
The console provides the control point for power control, scan initiation, database image analysis,
scanning, and image analysis. It has an Emergency Stop button for shutting down the system if a situation
arises that might harm a person or damage the equipment.
2 System Control Buttons

1 Emergency Stop Button 3 Off/On/Start Keyswitch
OFF
4
ON
Keypad
START
5 Operator
Present
Pendant
6 Context Sensitive Buttons 7 Not Used 8 Dialog Box

Navigation Control
9 Image Enhancement Tools 10 Image Navigation Control
11 Scan and Conveyor Belt Control
Figure 3-1: Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Console and Pendant

Table 3-1: Major Operator Console Functions
Index Function Description Section Page
Emergency Turn the system power off. Push to stop all system
1 3.2 3-4
Stop Button functions including conveyor belt motion and X-rays.
System Control These button allows you to access system functions.

2 3.3 3-5
Buttons Most are not functional if scanning is in progress.
Off/On/Start Use this keyswitch to power up, start, and power

3 3.4 3-8
Keyswitch down the system.
These buttons are laid out similar to that of a cell

4 Keypad 3.5 3-8
phone.
Operator The Scan Pendant plugs into the back of the

5 Present Switch Operator Console. At the end of the pendant is the 3.6 3-9
and Pendant Operator Present Switch.
Context- Definitions of these buttons change depending on

6 Sensitive what dialog box you are looking at. In general, they 3.7 3-10
Buttons are mapped to OK, Done, Cancel, Apply and others.
7 Suspect Not defined at this time.
Dialog Box
Use these buttons to move about and select items in
8 Navigation 3.8 3-10
an open dialog box.
Control
Image
Manipulation
These buttons change the characteristics of an image
9 and 3.9 3-12
so you can better identify the contents of a parcel.
Enhancement
Tools
See “Image
Image
Use these buttons when viewing an image on the Navigation
10 Navigation
monitor to zoom in, zoom out, pan and reset. Controls” on
Control
page 5-17.
Scanning and
These buttons control X-ray generation and conveyor
11 Conveyor Belt 3.10 3-14
belt movement.
Control

3.2 About the Emergency Stop Button
CAUTION: Push the Emergency Stop button only to avoid injury to people or damage
parcels or equipment. Recovery requires a full system power up.
Repeated use may damage the system.
The Emergency stop (E-Stop) button is a red dual-position push button. It is located on the Operator
Console.
To avoid or halt an emergency situation, push the Emergency Stop button. This immediately shuts off all
power to the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System, X-ray system and the conveyor belt. The display
screens blank and Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System immediately stops the process without storing
the image of the scan in progress.
CAUTION: Never use the Emergency Stop button to cancel a scan routinely.
Use the Emergency stop if a scan is underway, and:

• A person’s safety due to malfunctioning equipment is in jeopardy.
• The safety or X-ray exposure of anyone is in question.
• Someone or something is caught in the conveyor belt or tunnel.
• Any part of the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System system emits unusual noises or smells.
Pushing an E-stop button will latch it in the activated position. To power up again and resume scanning:
1. Resolve the emergency.
2. Twist the button clockwise while pulling it out to return it to the normal position.
3. Restart the system (see Section 3.4 on page 3-8).

3.3 The System Control Buttons
Table 3-2: The System Control Buttons
Button Function Description Section Page
See Chapter 7,
Allows you to manipulate the image
Database
database.
The Image
Database
Quick Save Saves the current image. 3.3.2 3-6
Menu Displays the Main Menu. 3.3.3 3-6
Toggles X-rays enable. This button

Scan executes a warm-up when pressed for the 3.3.4 3-6
first time once the system has initialized
Logout Allows the current user to logout. 3.3.5 3-6
Displays a dialog box for generating

hardcopies of the dual-energy transmission
Print 3.3.6 3-7
X-ray and / or Z Backscatter displays. (If
optional printer installed).
The
Opens a screen that summarizes the
Subsystem
operational state of Gemini Parcel X-Ray 3.3.7 3-7
Status
Inspection System subsystems.
Screen
Used to override the package sensor to

allow the operator to manually control the
scan duration.
Special
Note: In Special Package mode, the image 3.3.8 3.3.8
Package
on the screen does not stop when done
scanning. You must press the Stop button
to stop the image.

3.3.1 The Database Button

To view a list of images stored in the database, press the Database button to access the Save/Query
Inspection window.
Go to Chapter 7, The Image Database for more information about the Save/Query Inspection window
and other database functions.
3.3.2 The Quick Save Button

Press the Quick Save button to store the most recent image displayed to the database on the hard drive.
The saved file includes both dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter images.
NOTE: Images can no longer be saved after depressing the Scan button on the Operator
Console to begin a new scan; after restoring an image file from the database; or
after turning off the system.
For identification, Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System associates the following information with
each saved file:
• Scan ID - Chronologically incriminated number.
• Scan Date - The date the image was saved in the format mm/dd/yyyy.
• Scan Time - The time the image was saved in the format hh:mm:ss AM or PM.
Operators may enter comments for association with a saved file from the Record tab of the Information
System dialog box:
• Contents
• Bag ID
• Bag Type:
• Comments
3.3.3 The Menu Button

Pressing the Menu button opens a menu of features available for both dual-energy transmission X-ray and
Z Backscatter images. Most of the functions associated with the Menu button are covered in Chapter 6,
System Administration.
3.3.4 The Scan Button

Press the Scan button to place Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System in Scan Mode. This mode
activates the other buttons on the Operator Console that are required for scanning.
3.3.5 The Logout Button

To log off the system press the Logout button.

3.3.6 The Print Button

If the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System system includes the optional printer, press the Print button
one time to generate a hardcopy of the image that appears in the Main Image Display of either the dual-
energy transmission X-ray or Z Backscatter display, or hardcopies of the image on both displays.
The printed images include any enhancements or positioning changes that appear in the Main Image
Areas when the print request is initiated.
To print:
1. Select the set of images to print. To print more than one item on a sheet of paper, center the desired
area in the Main Image Area using either the pan buttons (Section 5.4 on page 5-17).
2. Enhance the images in the Main Image Areas so they reflect the conditions preferred included in
the printout.
3. Press the Print button.
Each printout includes a time and date stamp that reflects the image file history:
• Saved: Data from the last time image was saved.
• Restored from database: Data from the image header.
• Never saved: Current data.
3.3.7 The Subsystem Status Button

Press the Subsystem Status button to open the Subsystem Status screen. This screen summarizes the
current status of each major Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System subsystem. The indicator in the
Sequencer area reflects the overall control system status. See Section 4.12 on page 4-10 for more
information.
3.3.8 The Special Package Button

Press the Special Package button to override the tunnel’s package sensor if necessary to scan an
irregularly shaped object, or an object (skis, for example or something very thin like an envelope) that is
longer than Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System is configured to scan.
To begin scanning in Special Package mode, press the Conveyor Forward button (Section 3.10.1 on page
3-14). If the X-ray tubes are warmed up and the system has normalized, scanning begins immediately,
whether or not there is a package in the tunnel.
NOTE: If the conveyor is moving forward when the Special Package button is pressed,
scanning begins immediately.
Scanning continues until directed to stop by:

• Pressing the Conveyor Stop button to halt conveyor belt movement.
• Pressing the button again to disable Special Package mode.
The system remains in Special Package mode from session to session (even if the system is powered down
between sessions) until the mode is disabled by pressing the Special Package button again. If the conveyor
was in a different mode when the Special Package button was pressed, that conveyor configuration
resumes when the Special Package mode is disabled.

3.4 The Power Off/On/Start Keyswitch

See Section 4.2 on page 4-3 for details on the functionality and operation of the Off/On/Start keyswitch.
3.5 The Operator Console Keypad

The Operator Console keypad is a dual-function keypad. In normal operation (scanning parcels) the keys
reflect the image enhancement functions. (See Chapter 5, Analyzing Scans.) When applicable, the
keypad has the look and feel of that of most cell phones. Use it to enter text, numbers, and symbols. You
need this functionality extensively in Chapter 6, System Administration.
Caps Lock
Figure 3-2: The Operator Console Keypad
Table 3-3: The Operator Console Keypad Definitions
Key Command Function
The number one. Each button press will

1~`!@#$%^&*()_-+=
iterate through the specified 16 symbols.
2,A,B,C
3,D,E,F
4,G,H,I
5,J,K,L

Table 3-3: The Operator Console Keypad Definitions
Key Command Function
6,M,N,O
The Caps Lock toggling functionality is only

available if you are entering data. If you are
analyzing images, the Caps Lock functionality
Caps Lock is disabled.
To set Caps Lock, press and release the
minus (-). To reset Caps Lock, press and
release the minus (-) again.
8,T,U,V
9,W,X,Y,Z
Space Space
The number zero. Each button press iterates

0 { } [ ] \ |; : " ' , . < > ? /
through the specified 16 symbols.
Backspace Backspace
3.6 The Scan Pendant with the Operator Present Switch

The handheld Scan Pendant with the Operator Present switch at the end connects to the back of the
Operator Console.
The Operator Present switch is a momentary contact, normally open switch, on a coiled cord. Press and
hold the button on the Scan Pendant in order to scan. Releasing the button halts scanning. To resume
scanning, press and hold this switch again. When the X-ray tube is fully energized, Gemini Parcel X-Ray
Inspection System shows images on the dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter screens as
each parcel moves through the tunnel.

3.7 The Context Sensitive Buttons

There are three context sensitive buttons on the Operator Console.
Context sensitive buttons
Example confirmation box

containing context sensitive
buttons.
Figure 3-3: Context Sensitive Buttons
3.8 The Dialog Box Navigation Buttons

When a dialog box appears on the screen, use the dialog navigation buttons to navigate.
D E
A
C B
(not used) (not used)
Figure 3-4: The Dialog Box Navigation Buttons
A Select Selecting push buttons, check boxes and radio buttons.
B TAB Navigating clockwise through dialog box controls.
C SHIFT+TAB Navigating counter-clockwise through dialog box controls.
Pan left in grid control, property sheet tabs navigation for XP Date/Time
D LEFT CURSOR
Dialog
Pan right in grid control, property sheet tabs navigation for XP Date/
E RIGHT CURSOR
Time Dialog (infrequently used)
F UP CURSOR Navigation up through list controls, drop lists, grids.
G DOWN CURSOR Navigation down through list controls, drop lists, grids.

To navigate through control areas press B (TAB) or C (SHITF+TAB).
Figure 3-5: Navigating Through Dialog Box Control Areas
To navigate fields within a control area press F (UP CURSOR) or G (DOWN CURSOR).
Figure 3-6: Navigating Fields in a Control Area
How Do I Change a Number with a Decimal Point in a Field

1. In a dialog box containing a field with a number (e.g., 1.5 to be changed to 2.5), TAB to the that
text field using the TAB button (B).
2. Backspace three times to delete the five, then the decimal point, then the one.
3. Press numerical keypad #2 to insert a 2.
4. Press numerical keypad #0 several times until the decimal point appears after the 2.
5. Pres the numerical keypad #5 to insert a 5.
6. Press Enter when done.

3.9 About the Image Manipulation and Enhancement Tools

The Operator Console has several buttons to make the image more visible by highlighting edges,
highlighting organic matter, enhancing the contrast, and therefore making it easier to inspect the parcel’s
contents.
Table 3-4: The Image Enhancement Buttons
For Examples go to:
Button Command Function Section Page
Pressing the View Z button toggles the dual-

energy transmission X-ray image between the
View Z default color (best for identifying material and 5.3.1 5-6
determining areas of interest) and grayscale (best
for making out the details of object shapes).
If a parcel contains items that are considered

“high penetration” such as a weapon made of
High metal, the resulting image may show little contrast
5.3.2 5-7
Penetration or distinction. Pushing High Penetration changes
the contrast of the image so the details of the high
penetration area is more defined.
If an area cannot be penetrated with X-rays,

Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System
silhouettes the area in black on the dual-energy
AS&E
transmission X-ray display. When enabled 5.3.3 5-8
Frame
(default), AS&E Frame encloses up to the first
nine unpenetrated objects encountered, each
with a red rectangle.
While the Metallic Stripping button is held down,

Metallic highlights detected organic (and mixed 5.3.4 5-9
Stripping
composition) elements on the dual-energy
transmission X-ray display.
While the Organic Stripping button is held down,

Organic
highlights detected metals and other inorganic 5.3.5 5-10
Stripping
materials on the dual-energy transmission X-ray
display.
Holding down the NEG button reverses dark and

NEG light areas on both the dual-energy transmission 5.3.6 5-11
X-ray and Z Backscatter displays.
Pressing the Color button toggles the Z

Color Backscatter image between monochrome and 5.3.7 5-12
color.

Table 3-4: The Image Enhancement Buttons (continued)
For Examples go to:
Button Command Function Section Page
Pressing either the left or right side of the Density

Expand rocker button decreases (- on the left
Image side) or expands (+ on the right side) the density
Density
of the light and dark areas on both the dual-
5.3.8 5-12
Expand
energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter
displays.
Holding down the Edge Enhance button will make

Edge the edges of objects sharper on both the dual-
5.3.9 5-15
Enhance energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter
screens.
Holding down the Auto-Enhance button

Auto- maximizes contrast among different objects in the
image on both the dual-energy transmission X- 5.3.10 5-16
Enhance
ray and Z Backscatter screens.
Press the Image Reset button to remove the

Image effect of an applied image enhancement or
5.3.11 5-6
Reset repositioning and restore the image to its original
appearance.

3.10 About the Conveyor Control and Review Buttons

To scan a parcel, press the following buttons in this order:
1. The Operator Present button located on the Scan Pendant
2. The Scan button
3. The Conveyor Right button
3.10.1 The Conveyor Right Button

Pressing this button moves the conveyor belt from left to right. The X-ray tube generates X-rays. If
the Scan button is pressed and the Operator Present switch is held down, Gemini Parcel X-Ray
Inspection System scans parcels as they move through the tunnel.
Green
Indicator
When Conveyor Right button is active, the green indicator in the upper-right corner of the button
illuminates.
3.10.2 The Conveyor Left Button

Pressing this button moves the conveyor belt from right to left. This mode allows the operator to
move the parcels to the left side of the tunnel.
When Reverse is active, the green light in the upper left corner of the button illuminates.
Green
Indicator
3.10.3 The Conveyor Stop Button

Pressing the Conveyor Stop button stops the conveyor belt and turns off the X-rays. The system
does not finish any partially scanned parcels. The partially scanned parcel is finished when
scanning continues.
NOTE: There may be a short delay before the conveyor resumes moving to allow the X-
ray tube to fully energize.
NOTE: When you resume scanning after pressing the Conveyor Stop button, the conveyor
belt may backup slightly before scanning begins.

3.11 About the Operator Console Indicators

There are several indicator lights on the Operator Console.
1 Status 2 Conveyor Reverse 3 X-Rays On 4 Special Package 5 Power On
6 Conveyor
Forward
7 Button Activit
Initiated
Figure 3-7: Operator Console Lights and Indicators
Illuminates green when the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System

1 Status system is ready to scan (after X-ray warm-up and normalization
complete).
2 Conveyor Reverse Indicates the conveyor is moving in the reverse direction.
Illuminates while scanning takes place (conveyor belt in motion and X-

3 X-Rays On
rays on).
4 Special Package Indicates the system is in Special Package mode.
5 Power On Illuminated when the Operator Console has power.
6 Conveyor Forward Indicates the conveyor is moving in the forward direction.
This indicator flashes every time a button has been successfully

7 Button Activity Initiated
pressed.


Chapter 4. Operating the System
This chapter describes the tasks of system operation. It starts with turning the system on, then goes
through the scanning operations, and ends with turning the system off.
This chapter describes daily scanning operations on a functional basis. That is, push this button, and then
push that button. It also references other chapters for more details on certain operations. But the main flow
of this chapter is designed to get you through daily operational tasks.
Topic Section Page

Before Powering Up the System ................................................. 4.1.............................4-2
Powering Up the System ............................................................. 4.2.............................4-3
The Mode Display........................................................................ 4.3.............................4-5
Scanning the Parcels................................................................... 4.4.............................4-5
Stopping a Scan .......................................................................... 4.5.............................4-6
What About Bag Jams ................................................................. 4.6.............................4-6
Saving an Image.......................................................................... 4.7.............................4-7
Restoring an Image ..................................................................... 4.8.............................4-7
Analyzing the Scans .................................................................... 4.9.............................4-7
Changing the User Access Level ................................................ 4.10...........................4-8
Powering Down the System ........................................................ 4.11 ...........................4-9
About the Subsystem Status Screen ........................................... 4.12.........................4-10

Operating the System
4.1 Before Powering Up the System
CAUTION: Before operating the system, read and thoroughly understand the
radiation warnings and safety precautions described in Chapter 1,
Introduction.
The following is a list of tasks you should perform before operating the system. Reference Figure 4-1.
On a daily basis, before turning the system on, do the following:
1. Make sure there is nothing in the tunnel.
2. Make sure all the access panels are closed and secure.
3. Make sure that the system is plugged in to the power outlet.
4. Make sure that all the conveyors and rollers are free to move and clear of obstruction.
5. Make sure that the system is free of loose cables or cords that may affect operation if accidently
moved or dislodged.
6. Make sure that the Operators Console and shelf are clear of foreign obstacles and debris.
Access
Panel
Access
Panel
Operator
Console
Tunnel and Shelf
Conveyor
Belt
Access
Access Panel
Panels
Figure 4-1: System Quick Check

4.2 Powering Up the System

To power up the system, do the following (ref. Figure 4-2):
1. Assure the Main Circuit Breaker is on (see Figure 4-2).
2. Insert the key into the key switch at the upper-right of the Operator Console.
3. Turn the key to the Start position (clockwise) until the system powers up.
A light next to the key switch illuminates green to indicate that the Operator’s Console has power.
NOTE: At this point it is good practice to check the cooling fans in the front and back
panels for proper operation.
E-Stop
Off/On/Start
Key Switch
Cooling
Fan Power On
Main Circuit
Breaker
Figure 4-2: System Power Up
Figure 4-3: The AseInspection Splash Screen
4. Initialization completes when the Graphical User Interface (GUI) appears on the screens with the
words IMAGE NOT PRESENT in the Main Image Area of each screen.
5. The Message Indicator at the bottom of the Tx screen displays X-ray power interlocked.

6. On the Operator’s Console, the Status light illuminates (Figure 4-4).
Status
Indicator
Figure 4-4: The Status Indicator
7. X-ray warmup begins. The X-ray tube may require a warm-up period, depending on the amount of
time that the system has been off:
System off X-ray warm up time
0 - 8 hrs 0 minutes
8 - 24 hrs < 5 minutes
> 24 hrs <15 minutes
X-ray warmup completes.
8. When the X-ray tubes are ready to scan, the Message Indicator displays:
Press Scan to Clear Belt.
9. Press the Scan button on the Operator Console.
10. The conveyor belt rolls backward (opposite the scan direction) for eight seconds to clear the tunnel
area.
NOTE: Be aware that if there are any parcels in this areas they may move backwards far
enough to fall off the belt.
11. The DarkOffest Correction progress bar displays.

12. The system Normalizes, X-ray On indicator illuminates.
13. The Message Indicator displays Ready to Scan.

4.3 The Mode Display

The mode of the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System appears in the Mode display.
Mode Display
Mode indicators that appear here are:

• X-Ray Scanning Mode
• Maintenance Management
• Field Image Archive Mode
• Review Mode
4.4 Scanning the Parcels

1. To scan the parcels:
a. When the parcel is in position on the conveyor belt, depress and hold the Operator Present
switch on the Scan Pendant.
Scan Pendant
Operator Present
Switch
b. Press the conveyor button in the direction for scanning:
NOTE: Hold down the Operator Present switch continuously or the system stops scanning.
While scanning takes place:

• The X-ray Indicator indicator on the Operator’s Console illuminates to signify that Gemini Parcel
X-Ray Inspection System is both producing X-rays and scanning:
• The X-Ray On (red) lights on each end of the tunnel illuminate (see Figure 1-1 on page 1-7 for
location).

• As Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System scans, the parcel displays on the Tx and Bx screens
(see Figure 4-5 below).
• Sensors inside the tunnel turn scanning on and off as it senses the beginning and end of each parcel
(see Figure 2-4 on page 2-4 for location).
• To resume scanning, the Operator continues to hold the Operator Present Switch on the Scan
Pendant and presses the Conveyor Start button on the Operator’s Console.
• Special Package - The conveyor moves forward without stopping and scanning continues. Reverse
Scan can be enabled with any of the above modes.
4.5 Stopping a Scan

To stop scanning:
Release the Operator Present Switch on the Scan Pendant,
or,
Push the Stop button on the Operator Console.
4.6 What About Bag Jams

Occasionally the parcels in the tunnel jam and the scanning can not complete. If this happens, do the
following:
1. Stop the scan by pressing the Stop Button (above).
Make sure the conveyor belt stops.
2. Turn off the X-rays by pressing the Scan button.
Make sure the X-Rays On indicator on the operator panel turns off.
3. Remove the parcels involved in the bag jam from the tunnel.
NOTE: You may need to rescan these parcels.

4.7 Saving an Image

After scanning a parcel, you may want to save the image that appears on the monitors. There are four
ways to save an image:
Quick Pressing the Quick Save button saves the most current image to the
Save image database. (See Section 3.3.2 on page 3-6 for more information.)
Database Pressing the Open button opens the image database. Here you can edit
and save the most recent image. (See Section 7.1 on page 7-2 for more
information.)
Auto- If the system is running in Auto-Save mode, every image is saved to the
Save image database. (See Section 6.10.2 on page 6-20 for more information
on the Auto-Save function.)
Export You can save all the images on the Tx and the Bx screens by stopping the
belt and opening the Export Image dialog box. Here you can save all the
images that appear on one or both screens in one of three different
formats. (See Section 6.7 on page 6-9 for more information.)
4.8 Restoring an Image

To restore a saved image, see Section 7.3.2 on page 7-7.
4.9 Analyzing the Scans

As you scan the parcels, their images appear on the two monitors.
Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray Scan Image Z Backscatter Scan Image
Figure 4-5: Displaying Bx and Tx Images
Go to Chapter 5, Analyzing Scans for detailed information analyzing scans.

4.10 Changing the User Access Level

The system defaults to the USER level on power up. There are two other user access levels available—
administrator and superuser/field service.
To gain access to another user level, do the following:
Log Out of the System

1. On the Operator Console, press the Logout button (below).
The ASEInspection confirmation box appears.
2. Select OK to log out.
Log Back Onto the System

When you select OK in the AseInspection confirmation box, the Login box appears.
1. Enter the User ID of the administrator or superuser/field service.
2. Select OK.
3. In the next box enter the password.
4. Select OK.
NOTE: The default User ID for the administrator is SITEADMIN. This may be changed
after the system is installed. Also, there can be many user accounts at all levels
that are set up by the system administrator.
Switching Back to the Screener Level

The user at the higher levels can operate the system just as a screener can. But it is probably good practice
to switch back to the screener level before allowing the screener back onto the system. To switch back to
the screener level, do the following:
1. Log out of the system (see above).
2. Here the screener can do one of two things:
a. Log back onto the system as shown above.
The screener needs a User ID and password. The site administrator may have changed this
account after installation. If the screener does not have an account, do this:
b. Power down the system (see Section 4.11) and then powering up the system (Section 4.2 on
page 4-3).

The system was designed to power up running and does not need a User ID and password to operate—
only to access the higher user levels.
4.11 Powering Down the System

To turn off the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System, turn the key switch on the upper-right of the
Operator’s Console to the off position (all the way to the left).
The system initiates an internal shutdown sequence with no external messaging.
After a few seconds:
• The system powers down.
• The fans stops.
• The screens blank.
• The indicators on the Operator’s Console go dark.
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System is powered down completely. Remove the key and store in a
safe place.

4.12 About the Subsystem Status Screen

Press the Subsystem Status button to open the Subsystem Status screen. This view summarizes the
current status of each major Gemini subsystem. The indicator in the Sequencer area reflects the overall
control system status.
Labeled indicators change color to indicate the status of Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System systems:
• Green - Ready
• Yellow - Requires Action
• Red - Error
• Black/Gray - Inactive
Check this view if the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System system is not operating properly. Make
note of which indicator LEDs are not green when reporting trouble to AS&E Field Service, this may help
decrease the amount of troubleshooting time required to address a problem.
Figure 4-6: Subsystem Status Screen
To clear the Subsystem Status Screen, press Subsystem Status button again.

Chapter 5. Analyzing Scans
This chapter details the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System’s tools available to manipulate the
scanned images for better identification of the parcel’s contents.
Use the Gemini Operator Console image manipulation buttons to work with the Graphical User Interface
(GUI) and change the appearance of the images on the dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter
screens to help identification of the contents of bags and parcels.
Topic Section Page

The Main Image Areas .........................................................................5.1 ....................5-2
The Information Area of the Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray Screen.5.2 ....................5-2
Image Enhancement Tools ...................................................................5.3 ....................5-6
Image Navigation Controls ...................................................................5.4 ..................5-17
Thumbnail Navigation ...........................................................................5.5 ..................5-19

Analyzing Scans
5.1 The Main Image Areas

As each parcel moves through the tunnel, its image appears in the Main Image Area of both the dual-
energy transmission X-ray (Tx) and the Z Backscatter (Bx) screens.
Once an image appears in the Main Image Area, you can use the Image Manipulation tools on the
Operator Console to change the appearance of the image to help make objects more easily identifiable.
Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray (Tx) Screen Z Backscatter (Bx) Screen
Figure 5-1: The Gemini Graphical User Interface (GUI)
5.2 The Information Area of the Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray

Screen
1 Date/Time
Stamp
2 Status
Indicators
3 Transmission
Backscatter 4 Mode: 5 Display: 6 User ID: 7 Filter: 8 Region of Interest
9 Zoom: 10 Reverse Video: 11 Message Area 12 Thumbnail Area
Figure 5-2: Information Area of Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray Screen

Analyzing Scans
Table 5-1: The Information Area
Index Function Description
As the system scans the parcels and displays the image on the monitor, it
Time/Date
1 automatically records the date and time to the lower right of each image.
Stamp
Three Status Indicators at the bottom left of the dual-energy transmission X-ray
screen let you know the status of:
System Indicates one of the following conditions:
System The X-ray tube is warming up.
2 Status The system is powered up and ready to scan.
Indicators
X-rays On The system is generating both Bx and Tx X-rays.
Operator Present
Indicates that the Operator Present switch on the Scan Pendent is
depressed.
Trans-
At the bottom left of each monitor are indicators showing which image is being
mission/
3 shown on that particular screen. The dual-energy transmission X-ray screen is
Back-
normally on the left and the Z backscatter image is normally on the right.
scatter
4 Mode The system can be in one of several modes.
The Display field shows which image enhancement mode being displayed in the
5 Display main image area. (See Section 5.4 on page 5-6 for more information on the
image enhancement tools.
6 User ID The User ID field shows the current user logged onto the system.
The Filter field shows which image enhancement filter is being applied to the
7 Filter
image.
A red slider box encompasses the portion of the Thumbnail Area featured in the
Region of main display areas. This featured portion is called the Region of Interest. The
8
Interest Region of Interest shows you which thumbnails are being displayed on the
screen.
9 Zoom See “The Zoom Indicator” on page 5-4.
The image displayed can be in one of two modes:

Reverse
10 • Reverse Video On
Video
• Reverse Video Off

Analyzing Scans
Table 5-1: The Information Area (continued)
Index Function Description
The Message Area at the bottom of the dual-energy transmission X-ray Screen
Message
11 informs you of the state of the X-ray system as Gemini powers up, normalizes
Area
and scans.
Thumb-
12 See “Thumbnail Area” on page 5-4.
nail Area
5.2.1 The Zoom Indicator

The Zoom indicator shows the magnification level of the image on the screen. Use the zoom buttons to
change the Zoom amount. (See Section 5.4 on page 5-17 for more information on the zoom tools.)
1x 16x
(in 40 increments)
5.2.2 Thumbnail Area

A sequence of images appears in the Thumbnail Area on the bottom of the dual-energy transmission X-
ray and Z Backscatter monitors. The current (selected) image is bordered in red.
New image Approx. 14 to 21 images

appears here.
Region of Interest
(red dotted rectangle)
Direction of overflow
The Thumbnail Area includes up to 14 images of 61cm (24 in.) parcels from the session. Each new image
is appended to the right end of sequential images. When the Thumbnail Area reaches capacity, the oldest
image disappears from the left side of the Thumbnail Area, and the new one forms at the right side as
scanning takes place.
Images that appear in the Thumbnail Area remain available for viewing and manipulating until you:
• Restart the system.
• Turn scanning off by pressing the Scan button.
• Restore a saved image. (See 7.3.2 on page 7-7.)

Analyzing Scans
You can only save the most recent image in the database. Once a parcel is scanned, the data for the
previous parcel is no longer available for saving, although you can still analyze it in the Main Image Area
on the screens.
Pressing the Quick Save button (below) on the Operator Console stores the most recent image in the
database
.
For more information about the Thumbnail Area, see Section 5.5, Thumbnail Navigation.

Analyzing Scans
5.3 Image Enhancement Tools

Gemini includes a set of tools that change the image appearance to help reveal potential areas of interest.
Use these tools to:
• Work with colors in an image (on one or both displays) according to the composition of the items
discovered by the scan.
• Increase or decrease the brightness of the image in the Main Image Areas.
• Sharpen the edges or call attention to unidentified items.
5.3.1 VIEW Z
Pressing the View Z button toggles the dual-energy transmission X-ray image between the default color
(best for identifying material and determining areas of interest) and grayscale (best for making out the
details of object shapes), as shown in Figure 5-3.
NOTE: The View Z setting remains active from image to image. Press the Image Reset
button (Section 5.3.11). to return to viewing images without enhancement.
Tx Normal Tx - View Z
(B+W)
Figure 5-3: View Z on Tx Display
View Z assigns color to materials that appear in the image according to each material’s atomic number
(Z):
• Orange - Organic material
• Blue - Metallic
• Black - Impenetrable
• Green - Mixed / Inorganic
• Color Intensity - Item density

Analyzing Scans
5.3.2 The High Penetration Button

If a parcel contains items that are considered “difficult to penetrate,” such as a weapon made of metal, the
resulting image may show little contrast or distinction. Pushing High Penetration changes the contrast of
the image so the details of the high penetration area is more defined.
Tx Normal Tx - High
Penetration
Figure 5-4: High Penetration on Tx Display

Analyzing Scans
5.3.3 AS&E Frame

If an area cannot be penetrated with X-rays, Gemini silhouettes the area in black on the dual-energy
transmission X-ray display.
When enabled (default), AS&E Frame encloses up to the first nine unpenetrated objects encountered, each
with a red rectangle. While you hold down the AS&E Frame button, Gemini removes the red rectangles
that outline these areas.
Figure 5-5 shows two versions of the same dual-energy transmission X-ray image. The version on the left
shows the default image (with AS&E Frame enabled). Note the red rectangles that appear when the button
is not depressed. The rectangles disappear when the button is depressed, as shown on the right version.
This version also demonstrates how the image appears when AS&E Frame is disabled.
Tx Normal Tx - AS&E
Frame
Figure 5-5: The Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray Image Showing AS&E Frame
Disable AS&E Frame by pressing the Menu button and then pressing 3 and 5. (See Section 6.6.2
on page 6-9).

Analyzing Scans
5.3.4 Metallic Stripping

While you hold down the Metallic Stripping button, Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System highlights
detected organic (and mixed composition) elements on the dual-energy transmission X-ray display, as
shown in Figure 5-6.
Tx Normal Tx - Metallic Stripping
Figure 5-6: The Tx Image Showing Metallic Stripping
Metallic Stripping assigns color to materials that appear in the image according to each material atomic
number (Z), and filters out areas with a composition determined as metal (blue). This emphasizes the
location of detected organic materials:
• Orange - Organic material
• Gray - Metallic

Analyzing Scans
5.3.5 Organic Stripping

While you hold down the Organic Stripping button, the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System
highlights detected metals and other inorganic materials on the dual-energy transmission X-ray display, as
shown in Figure 5-7.
Tx Normal Tx - Organic Stripping
Figure 5-7: The Tx Image Showing Organic Stripping
Organic Stripping assigns color materials that appear in the image according to each material atomic
number (Z), and filters out areas with a composition determined as organic (orange). This emphasizes the
location of detected metals and other inorganic materials:
• Gray - Organic material
• Blue - Metallic

Analyzing Scans
5.3.6 NEG
While you hold down the NEG button, Gemini reverses dark and light areas on both the dual-energy
transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter displays, as shown in Figure 5-8 and Figure 5-9.
NOTE: The black and white effect of this on the dual-energy transmission X-ray screen is
the reverse of the that resulting from View Z (Figure 5-3).
Tx Normal Tx - NEG
Figure 5-8: The Tx Image Showing NEG
Bx Normal Bx - NEG
Figure 5-9: The Bx Image Showing NEG

NEG reverses the values of dark and light on the grayscale spectrum:
• Black: Replaces white areas on screen
• White: Replaces black areas on screen
• Shades of gray flip to the shade that corresponds with opposite end of the grayscale spectrum.

Analyzing Scans
5.3.7 Color
Pressing the Color button toggles the Z Backscatter image between monochrome and color, as shown in
Figure 5-9.
Bx Normal Bx - View Color
Figure 5-10: The Bx Image Showing Color
Color on the Z Backscatter screen augments the appearance of artifacts and makes subtleties in the image
more apparent on the Main Image Area.
5.3.8 Density Expand

Pressing either the left or right side of the Density Expand rocker button decreases (- on the left side) or
expands (+ on the right side) the density of the light and dark areas on both the dual-energy transmission
X-ray and Z Backscatter displays.
Up to 40 settings (depending on how your system is configured) are available.

Figure 5-10 shows an example of decreasing density on a sample image, the result of a single decrease
from the unmodified image as it first appears in the Main Image Area.

Analyzing Scans
Tx Normal Tx - View Density

Expand (3+)
Figure 5-11: The Tx Image Showing Density Expand (3+)
Tx - View Density
Bx Normal
Expand (3+)
Figure 5-12: The Bx Image Showing Density Expand (3+)
NOTE: The DENSITY EXPAND setting remains active from image to image.
Images return to the default density when you do one of the following:
- Press the Image Reset button (Section 5.3.11).
- Perform a Quick Save to save the most recent image (Section 3.3.2 on page 3-
6).
- Restart Gemini by powering it off from the keyswitch and powering it on again.
Density Expand increases contrast in the image to help differentiate items in the image:
• Density Expand (-) whites out all areas representing objects with a density value that Gemini
determines falls above the pre-set threshold level.

Analyzing Scans
Decreases the threshold level each time you press the left side (-) of the Density Expand button.
• Density Expand (+) blacks out all areas representing objects with a density value that Gemini
determines falls below the pre-set threshold level.
Increases the threshold level each time you press the right side (+) of the Density Expand button.
Tx Normal Tx - View Density

Expand (3+)
Figure 5-13: The Tx Image Showing Density Expand (3-)
Tx - View Density
Bx Normal
Expand (3+)
Figure 5-14: The Bx Image Showing Density Expand (3-)

Analyzing Scans
5.3.9 Edge Enhance
While you hold down the Edge Enhance button, the Gemini system makes the edges of objects sharper on
both the dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter screens.
Tx Normal Tx - Edge Enhance
Figure 5-15: The Tx Image Showing Edge Enhance
Bx Normal Bx - Edge Enhance
Figure 5-16: The Bx Image Showing Edge Enhance
Edge Enhance improves the resolution of the edges of objects in the image to help make artifacts and
subtleties more prominent.

Analyzing Scans
5.3.10 Auto-Enhance
While you hold down the Auto-Enhance button, Gemini maximizes contrast among different objects in
the image on both the dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter screens, as shown in Figure 5-17.
The effect is more dramatic on an image that you have magnified (zoom-in), so that the affected part of
the image is composed of a high proportion of light or dark areas.
NOTE: To remove the effect of Auto-Enhance, press the Image Reset button
(Section 5.3.11).
Tx Normal Tx - Auto-Enhance
Figure 5-17: The Tx Image Showing Auto-Enhance
Bx Normal Bx - Auto-Enhance
Figure 5-18: The Bx Image Showing Auto-Enhance

Analyzing Scans
5.3.11 The Image Reset Button

Press IMAGE RESET to remove the effect of the an applied image enhancement and restore the image to
its original appearance.
5.4 Image Navigation Controls

Pressing one of the zoom buttons changes the size of the image on the Main Image Area of both the dual-
energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter screens. Pressing the pan buttons moves the image in eight
directions. (See Figure 5-21.)
Pan Up
Pan Up-Left Pan Up-Right

Zoom In
Reset Image
Zoom Out Pan Left Pan Right
Nonfunctional
Pan Down-Left Pan Down-Right
Pan Down
Figure 5-19: The Image Panning and Zooming Buttons
5.4.1 The Image Zoom Buttons
The Zoom In Button

The Zoom In button lets you magnify an image up to 16x in 40 steps. (See Figure 5-20.)
The Zoom Out Button

The Zoom Out button lets you reduce an image that has been magnified. (See Figure 5-20.)
NOTE: The Zoom buttons are disabled during scanning.

Analyzing Scans
The Region of Interest changes to correspond with zoom settings and displayed images.
Zoom 10x Zoom 20x Zoom 30x Zoom 40x
Zoom In
Zoom Out
Figure 5-20: Image Zoomed In 4x on dual-energy transmission X-ray Screen
NOTE: Pressing and holding the Zoom In button continually increases magnification.
5.4.2 The Pan Buttons

The Pan buttons move a magnified image in one of eight directions. (See Figure 5-21.)
Up
Up-Left Up-Right
Left Right
Down-Left Down-Right
Down
Figure 5-21: The Panning Button Functionality

Analyzing Scans
5.5 Thumbnail Navigation

The Thumbnail Area at the bottom left corner of both the dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z
Backscatter displays show the images in the active buffer.
Thumbnail Area
Region of Interest
Figure 5-22: Selected Region of Interest
5.5.1 Review Earlier Images

Pressing this button scrolls the region of interest in the Thumbnail Area toward the preceding (earlier)
image and features it in the Main Image Area.
Holding the button down pans backwards sequentially through the earlier images in the memory and
displays the region of interest in the Main Image Area as panning takes place.

Analyzing Scans
5.5.2 Review Later Images

If the Main Image Area displays an image that is not the most recent that appears in the Thumbnail Area,
pressing this button scrolls the region of interest toward the next (more recent) image and features it in the
Main Image Area.
Holding the button down pans forwards sequentially through the more recent images in the memory and
displays the region of interest in the Main Image Area as panning takes place.

Chapter 6. System Administration
System administration functions set up display appearance; scanning direction; backup and restore the
database; and archive images. You can also change the system location information; display and
download reports; and modify user accounts.
Topic Section Page

About System Administration Functions ...................................... 6.1.............................6-2
Navigating the Menus and Dialog Boxes..................................... 6.2.............................6-2
Displaying the Main Menu ........................................................... 6.3.............................6-3
Re-Normalizing the System ......................................................... 6.4.............................6-6
Selecting Transport Modes.......................................................... 6.5.............................6-6
Displaying the Config Menu......................................................... 6.6.............................6-8
Exporting an Image ..................................................................... 6.7.............................6-9
Displaying the System Menu ....................................................... 6.8........................... 6-11
Archiving Images (ADMIN only)................................................... 6.9...........................6-15
Displaying the Administration Menu ............................................ 6.10.........................6-16

System Administration
6.1 About System Administration Functions

System administration functions are used to configure the system with respect to conveyor movement;
image displays; saving and restoring data; reporting; adding, deleting, and editing users and their
permissions; and more.
Use the following table for quick navigation through the administration functions. The first column is the
task that you want to accomplish. The second column is the name of the button on the Main Menu that
brings you there. Then there is a key sequence beginning with pressing the Menu button and then a
number on the Operator Panel keypad. When you get to the final dialog box you may want more
information about what to do. If so, go to the section and page listed in the two right-hand columns.
6.2 Navigating the Menus and Dialog Boxes

Most of the navigation through the system administration dialog boxes is done by pressing the Menu
button on the Operator Console and then pressing the appropriate number from the Operator Console
keypad (Figure 6-1). Thus, most of the sections in this chapter are accompanied by the key sequence to
get you there.
Caps Lock
Figure 6-1: The Operator Console Keypad
For example:
7 3
means:
1. Press Menu on the Operator Console. (See Section 6.3)
2. When the next menu appears, press 7.
3. When the next menu appears, press 3.
This sequence displays the Maintenance dialog box.

6.3 Displaying the Main Menu

Pressing the Menu button (below) on the Operator Console opens the Main Menu (Figure 6-2).
The Main Menu displays tools available for setting up the system before the scanning operation and for
manipulating the images after the scanning operation. It also has tools to manipulate reports, users, and
data.
Select a task from the Main Menu by pressing the corresponding number on the Operator Console
keypad (Figure 6-1, above).
USER ADMIN
Figure 6-2: The Main Menu
Table 6-1 (below) is Quick Reference Guide for using the Main Menu controls and getting to the
corresponding sections for more details.

Table 6-1: The System Menus Quick Reference
For details go to:
Press
Menu + ...on the Operator Console keypad to go to: Section Page
1 Set Re-Normalize 6.4 6-6
2 Transport Modes... 6.5 6-6
21 Auto-Stop Mode 6.5.1 6-7
22 Auto-Return Mode 6.5.2 6-7
23 Normal Mode 6.5.3 6-7
24 Reverse Scan 6.5.4 6-7
3 Config... 6.6 6-8
34 Reverse Scan Dir 6.6.1 6-8
35 Enable Frames 6.6.2 6-9
4 Export Image... 6.7 6-9
5 System... 6.8 6-11
51 Time Stamp... 6.8.1 6-12
52 Frame Setup... 6.8.2 6-13
53 Commit Changes... 6.8.3 6-14
54 Change Time 6.8.4 6-15
6 Field Image Archiver 6.9 6-15
7 Administration... 6.10 6-16
71 User Manager...(Not Implemented)
72 FDRS (Reports)...(Not Implemented)
73 DB Maintenance 6.10.1 6-17

For details go to:
Press
Menu + ...on the Operator Console keypad to go to: Section Page
74 DB Configuration 6.10.2 6-20
Image
75 6.10.3 6-21
Maintenance

6.4 Re-Normalizing the System
Selecting Set Re-Normalize re-normalizes the two X-ray sources, after you turn X-rays off then on again
(Scan button). It launches the same calibration activity that takes place during the Gemini Parcel X-Ray
Inspection System startup procedure. Extended system use or changes in environmental temperature or
humidity may create conditions requiring re-normalization.
6.5 Selecting Transport Modes
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System has four transport modes. The transport modes pertain only
to the action of the conveyor belt. From the Transport Modes menu (Figure 6-3) you can choose from
several combinations of conveyor operation.
Figure 6-3: The Transport Modes Menu
Number Label Reference
1 Auto-Stop Mode Section 6.5.1 on page 6-7

2 Auto-Return Mode Section 6.5.2 on page 6-7
3 Normal Mode Section 6.5.3 on page 6-7
4 Reverse Scan Section 6.5.4 on page 6-7
NOTE: In order to understand the different transport modes, you should know which is the
front and which is the back of the machine. In Normal mode, the parcels move
from the front to the rear. The front has the longer belt exposure while the rear has
the shorter belt exposure. See Figure 2-1 on page 2-2.
See Section 6.6.1, Setting Reverse Scan Direction for information on setting up the
system for scanning with the operator console and monitors on the other side of
the machine.

6.5.1 Selecting Auto-Stop Mode
2 1
In Auto-Stop mode, the conveyor belt stops when the parcel passes the rear package sensor.
6.5.2 Selecting Auto-Return Mode
2 2
In Auto-Return mode, the conveyor belt reverses when the parcel passes the rear package sensor and stops
when the parcel passes the front package sensor.
6.5.3 Selecting Normal Mode
2 3
In Normal mode, the conveyor belt runs continuously from the front to the rear.
6.5.4 Selecting Reverse Scan
2 4
In Reverse Scan mode the conveyor belt moves from the rear to the front.
NOTE: Normal Mode and Reverse Scan are mutually exclusive. That is, you can select
only one or the other at one time. But you can select Auto-Stop and/or Auto Return
Mode along with either Normal Mode or along with Reverse Scan.

6.6 Displaying the Config Menu
The Config menu (Figure 6-4) displays options used to tune the image display on the monitors. These
options are:
Figure 6-4: The Config Menu
1 Image Tuning (No Permission)

2 Filter Config (No Permission)
3 Thumbnail (No Permission)
4 Reverse Scan Dir Section 6.6.1 on page 6-8
5 Enable Frames Section 6.6.2 on page 6-9
6.6.1 Setting Reverse Scan Direction
3 4
Select Reverse Scan Direction to reverse the direction of the images as they appear on the monitors. If
the images are appearing from left to right, this function causes them to appear from right to left.
This function is useful if you move the operator console and monitors to the other side of the system. Then
the images appear on the screen in the same direction as the parcels move through the tunnel.
NOTE: This function does not reverse the direction of the conveyor belt.
See Section 6.5, Selecting Transport Modes for information on changing the scanning direction
during normal operation.

6.6.2 Enabling Frames
3 5
Select Enable Frames to enable (check) or disable (uncheck) the Image Enhancement tool called AS&E
Frame (Section 5.3.3 on page 5-8).
When enabled (default), AS&E Frame encloses the first nine areas that cannot be penetrated by X-rays
that it encounters in a red rectangle. Each of these areas is represented by a black silhouette on the dual-
energy transmission X-ray display. Figure 5-5 on page 5-8 shows two views of the same dual-energy
transmission X-ray image, one with AS&E Frame enabled and the other without frames.
NOTE: Disabling Enable Frames results in different behavior, depending on how it was
originally configured:
Enabled by Operator: Disabling persists unless enabled again.
Enabled by Field Service: Disabling in effect during a single

scan.
6.7 Exporting an Image
NOTE: This function is disabled if there are no images on the screens.
Select Export Image to save an image to a file in either Bitmap, TIFF, or JPEG format on an internal or
external storage drive.
The file includes any manipulations that appear on the Main Image Area when exporting the image.
Figure 6-5: The Export Image Dialog Box

In the Export Image dialog box (Figure 6-5):

1. Select dual-energy transmission X-ray or Z Backscatter or both from the Images list.
2. Select the file type from the File Type buttons.
3. Select Full Image if desired (Figure 6-7).
The exported file that results from this option includes all of the objects visible in the Thumbnail
Area as well as those that lie beyond its on-screen boundaries, instead of the portion that currently
appears in the Main Image Area.
Figure 6-6: The Saved Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray Image
Figure 6-7: The Saved Dual-Energy Transmission X-ray Image (Full)
4. Select Export.
The Save As dialog box appears. Here you can browse to any save option available to your system.
5. Select Save to save the image.
NOTE: Files in this format cannot be restored to the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection
System.

6.8 Displaying the System Menu
The System button on the Main Menu displays the System menu (Figure 6-8). Here you can change
parameters primarily in the operating system.
ADMIN USER
Figure 6-8: The System Menu
Number Label ADMIN - reference... USER - reference...
1 Time Stamp Section 6.8.1 on page 6-12 (No permission)

2 Frame Setup Section 6.8.2 on page 6-13 (No permission)
3 Commit Changes Section 6.8.3 on page 6-14 (No permission)
4 Change Time Section 6.8.4 on page 6-15 (No permission)

6.8.1 Setting Up the Time Stamp (ADMIN only)
5 1
Selecting the Time Stamp button displays the Time Stamp Setup dialog box (below).
Here you can control all the attributes of the time stamp that appears with the images on the monitors.
Figure 6-9: The Time Stamp Setup Dialog Box
Figure 6-10: Time Stamp Example
Use the Time Stamp Setup dialog box to control the following:
Time Stamp On/Off Uncheck to remove the time stamp from the scan images.
Line Offset Change the X and Y values to move the time stamp location.
Font Press Select to change the time stamp font attributes.
Color The foreground color is the color of the font itself. In the example to the
right, the color is red. Press Select to change it.
The background color is the color to that encloses the font. In the example
the background is yellow.
Mode You can set the mode to Transparent or Opaque. Normally the mode is set to
Transparent and you cannot see the background color. In the example the
mode is set to Opaque.

6.8.2 Setting Up the Frames (ADMIN only)
5 2
The Framing Setup dialog box (Figure 6-11) allows you to configure the framing feature.
Figure 6-11: The Framing Setup Dialog Box (Framing Threats Tab)
The Framing Threats tab has the following features:

Turn On Checking this box turns off the framing feature and no frames appear on the
scans.
Set Color This button displays the Color selection menu. Here you can choose the
color of the frame.
Thin Line This radio button directs the software to display a thin-lined frame.
Thick Line This radio button directs the software to display a thick-lined frame.
Min. # of pixels per frame A threat has to be a certain number of pixels to be framed. If the number of
pixels in the threat is less than this number, it is not framed.
Signal Intensity threshold (%)
This number tells the software where to insert the frame based on the
difference between the threat and the outlying areas of the threat.
CAUTION: Numbers in the Threshold area of the Frame Setup dialog box are
empirical numbers developed by. Do not change these numbers unless
you are directed by.
The Bag Boundaries tab (Figure 6-11) on the Framing Setup dialog box has the following features:
Turn On This check box turns this feature on and off. If off, the system scans all
parcels on the conveyor belt regardless of size.
Min. # of pixels per bag If the system scans a parcel whose size is less than this number, the image is
does not appear on the screen and is not stored. If this number is reduced, the

system includes smaller bags on the screen. If it is increased, only the larger
bags appear on the screen.
Signal Intensity threshold (%)
This number determines where the edge of the bag begins.
CAUTION: Numbers in the Threshold area of the Bag Boundaries tab are empirical
numbers developed by American Science and Engineering, Inc.. Do not
change these numbers unless you are directed by.
Figure 6-12: The Framing Setup Dialog Box (Bag Boundaries Tab)
6.8.3 Committing the Changes (ADMIN only)
5 3
This function saves the changed parameters to become a permanent part of the ASEInspection
Software.When the AseInspection confirmation box appears (Figure 6-13) select yes to commit changes.
Figure 6-13: The Commit Changes Confirmation Box
NOTE: If you make changes to the system and do not finalize them, they will be lost on
restart and the last finalized changes or the system defaults are used.

6.8.4 Changing the Time (ADMIN only)
5 4
Allows the user to set the system time and date. (See Figure 6-14.)
Figure 6-14: The Date and Time Properties Dialog Box
NOTE: Do not check the Automatically adjust clock for daylight saving changes
check box. The embedded XP operating system in the Gemini system does not
support this function. If you check this box, errors will result.
NOTE: After changing any date and time properties, you must commit the changes to
make them a permanent part of the operating system. (See Section 6.8.3 on page
6-14 for this procedure.)
6.9 Archiving Images (ADMIN only)
The Field Image Archiver button allows you to manage the image database.
Refer to Chapter Chapter 7, The Image Database.

6.10 Displaying the Administration Menu
The Administration menu (Figure 6-15) gives you six administration options to choose from.
Figure 6-15: The Administration Menu
1 User Manager Not implemented

2 FDRS (Reports) Not implemented
3 DB Maintenance Section 6.10.1 on page 6-17
4 DB Configuration Section 6.10.2 on page 6-20
5 Image Maintenance Section 6.10.3 on page 6-21
6 Location Manager Not implemented

6.10.1 About Database Maintenance
7 3
Selecting DB Maintenance in the Administration dialog box displays the Maintenance dialog box
(Figure 6-16).
Figure 6-16: The Maintenance Dialog Box
Here you can either backup the current database or restore an archived database.

6.10.1.1 Backing Up the Database
7 3 0
Selecting Backup in the Maintenance dialog box (Figure 6-16) displays the Backup Database dialog
box (Figure 6-17). Here you can browse to the folder where you want to store the backup file and you can
give the file a name or use the default name that is already shown in the File name text box. Selecting
Browse displays the Database Backup Pathname dialog box (Figure 6-18). Here you can browse for the
folder where you want to store the database.
Figure 6-17: The Backup Database Dialog Box
Figure 6-18: The Database Backup Pathname Dialog Box

6.10.1.2 Restoring the Database
7 3 1
Selecting Restore in the Maintenance dialog box (Figure 6-16) displays the Restore Database dialog
box (Figure 6-19). Here you can browse to the folder from where you want to restore the backup file.
Figure 6-19: The Restore Database Dialog Box
Figure 6-20: The Database Restore Pathname Dialog Box
Select the file in the File name text field or select the file and select Restore.

6.10.2 Configuring the Database
7 4
Selecting DB Configuration in the Administration dialog box displays the Settings dialog box
(Figure 6-21)
.
USER
ADMIN
Figure 6-21: The Settings Dialog Boxes
Only ADMIN has permission to change controls.
Auto-Save Images are saved automatically as they are scanned.

Displays the Save/Query Inspections (the database) dialog box (see
Auto show on scan start
Figure 7-1 on page 7-2) on every scan.
Save Images to file system Saves the images to the file system instead of the database.
Local cache directory Sets the storage location where the images are located.
Archive directory When images are archived, they go to this directory.
Browse Select Browse when looking for a cache directory or an archive directory.

6.10.3 Archiving Images
7 5
Selecting Image Maintenance on the Administration menu (Figure 6-15 on page 6-16) displays the
Archive Inspections dialog box (Figure 6-22). Here you can export all the images on the system to
system designated storage medium, such as a floppy disk or a CD-ROM.
Figure 6-22: The Active Inspections Dialog Box
Selecting All the Inspections
7 5 1
In the Archive Inspections dialog box (Figure 6-22) select Select All by pressing 1 on the Operator
Console. This selects all the images in the list.
Selecting Inspections Marked Archive Later
7 5 2
This button selects only the images that are marked “Archive Later.” (See Section 7.4.2 on page 7-10 for
more information on the “Archive Later” feature.)
Export to:
Here you can select the drive where you want the images archived.


Chapter 7. The Image Database
The Database File features allow operators to perform database actions associated with one or more
images.
The actions include saving and deleting images, backing up and restoring the image database, locating
records, archiving one or more images, and restoring an image (from cache or from an archive).
NOTE: The term “image” as used in this section consists of both a TX image and a BX
image in the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System system.
Topic Section Page

Displaying the Database.............................................................. 7.1.............................7-2
The Image Database Window Items............................................ 7.2.............................7-3
About the Image Database .......................................................... 7.3.............................7-4
The Image Database Operation Buttons ..................................... 7.4.............................7-7

The Image Database
7.1 Displaying the Database

Press the Database button on the Operator Console to display the image database.
The Image Database window appears (Figure 7-1).

Use the Operator Console keypad and Navigation Wheel to enter or modify information related to an
image, and select and activate any buttons and other options available on the display.
Figure 7-1: Image Database Window
Use the Operator Console keypad to navigate the display and enter or modify information related to an
image.

The Image Database
7.2 The Image Database Window Items

The Image Database window contains the following main items (indicated in Figure 7-2) that provides
access to the items and actions described in the following subsections.
• A - Image Database
• B - Tool Buttons
Figure 7-2: Image Database Window (sample)

The Image Database
7.3 About the Image Database

An image database is listed (displayed) as shown in the lower portion of Figure 7-2 and in Figure 7-3.
Figure 7-3: Image Database
Each row in the image database containing data is a ‘record’ associated with a saved image and consisting
of system supplied and operator supplied data.
Each record in the database consists of several fields that permit identification, and tracking the location,
of an image.
7.3.1 About the Columns in the Image Database Window

Selecting the Select Column button on in the Save/Query Inspections window displays the Field
Display Settings dialog box (Figure 7-4). Here you can select which columns appear on the Save/Query
Inspections window.
Figure 7-4: The Field Display Settings Dialog Box

The Image Database
Table 7-1: Field Display Settings Definitions
InspectionID Description Comments/Notes
InspectionID Inspection ID number.
Timestamp Date/timestamp indicating when Creation date.

inspection was saved to disk.
Archived Indicates inspection archive Value of “0” denotes image files are
status missing from the file system, “1” indicates
that images are stored in the cache
directory, “2” indicates that the images
have been archived.
TRXModelNo Model number of system that

performed the inspection.
TRXSerialNo Serial number of system that

SystemName System name
SiteCode Airport/site where system is Typically the three-letter FAA airport

installed. code.
SubSiteCode Location within airport/site Possibly the name of the specific airport
where system is installed. terminal where system is installed.
IDCode Unique identifier for screener

who performed the inspection.
FirstName First name of screener who

MiddleName Middle name of screener who

LastName Last name of screener who

Comment Optional comment entered by

the screener at time of
inspection, about the inspection.
BagType Optional bag type
BagID Optional bag identifier assigned

by screener during inspection.
Description Optional bag description entered


The Image Database
Table 7-1: Field Display Settings Definitions (continued)
InspectionID Description Comments/Notes
Contents Optional bag contents entered

SystemTypeID Code indicating the AS&E Typically “1” or “3”, representing

system type on which the “Parcel66” or “Gemini”, respectively.
inspection was performed.
AccessLevelID Access permission level of user “1” = SuperUser

who saved the inspection. “2” = Supervisor
“3” = Lead-in-charge
“4” = Operator
Password Encrypted string representing

the password of the user who
saved the inspection.
Status Status of screener who saved “1” = active user

the inspection. “2” = disabled user
StatusDate Date/timestamp of last update to

screener status.
InspectionSeqNo
ObjectCountSeed Number of objects associated Objects are images, annotations,

with the inspection. timestamps, etc.
ArchiveLater Indicates if inspection is flagged A check-mark in the box indicates that

for archive during the next inspection is flagged for archive.
archival process.
DiscrepFound Optional screener entry A check-mark indicates a discrepancy

indicating that a discrepancy was present.
was identified during the
inspection.
InspectionCount Number of inspections stored on

system.
Name Affiliate to which screener is Possible value is “FAA”.

associated.
DateArchived Date/timestamp indicating when

inspection was archived.

The Image Database
7.3.2 Restoring Images

Double-clicking a record in the image database opens the Restore Images dialog box.
Select Restore, the selected image (consisting of a dual-energy transmission X-ray and Z Backscatter
image) replaces the buffer contents and the restored image is displayed.
Select Cancel to return to previous screen.
NOTE: Any new image will delete/replace a restored image.
7.3.3 Restoring Archived Images

If a selected image is archived, the AseInspection “Insert disk” message appears. Insert the appropriate
disk and select Retry, the archived image is copied into the Cache location associated with the appropriate
Image Database record.
7.4 The Image Database Operation Buttons

There are nine functional buttons on the database window. To initiate an action, either press the numeric
keypad number that corresponds to the database button, or use the positioning tool to select the button and
press select.
Figure 7-5: The Save/Query Inspection Dialog Box

The Image Database
See the following table for definitions of these buttons.
Table 7-2: Image Database Operation Buttons
Button Command Function
Pressing this button displays the Edit Inspection Data dialog box. Here
you can enter information about the latest image before saving. (See
0 Edit
Section 7.4.2 on page 7-10 for the types of information that can be
edited.)
1 Save This button saves the latest image to the database.
Note about Edit and Save: If the Edit and Save buttons are not
available, that means there are no images displayed that have not
already been saved.
Field
Use this function to save/backup the active image file data to a hard drive
2 Image
location, a CD, a USB memory stick, or other operator selected location.
Archiver
Use this function to search for a specific image based on user-entered

3 Query
criteria. Refer to Section 7.4.3 on page 7-11 for information.
4 Delete Use this button to delete an image from the database.
Select Use this function to select one or more database columns for archiving.
5
Columns (See Section 7.3.1 on page 7-4 for more information on columns.)
Previous
6 Use this function to view the previous 10 images in the database.
Page
7 Next Page Use this function to view the next 10 images in the database.
Clear Use this function to clear any selected (highlighted) information in the
8
Selection database window.
Select this button (or the square multifunction button) to close the
Close
database window.

The Image Database
7.4.1 Selecting Images in the Database

Use the dialog navigation buttons (see Section 3.8 on page 3-10) to highlight an image in the database.
When highlighted, a thumbnail of the Tx image appears in the upper-right corner. (See Figure 7-6.)
What to the colors mean?

Red Current selection
Blue Marked
Green Current selection of a marked image
Figure 7-6: The Field Image Archiver (selections)

The Image Database
7.4.2 Editing Inspection Data

After selecting Edit in the Save/Query Inspections dialog box (Figure 7-5 on page 7-7), the Edit
Inspection Data dialog box appears. Here you can add information to the selected image before saving.
Figure 7-7: The Edit Inspection Data Dialog Box
The editable fields in this dialog box are Bag ID, Contents, and Comment. The check boxed are
Discrepancy Found and Archive Later. All other fields are system generated and cannot be changed.
In order to see these fields in the Save/Query Inspections dialog box (Figure 7-5 on page 7-7), you must
have the corresponding column enabled. (See Section 7.3.1 on page 7-4 for information on displaying and
hiding columns.)

The Image Database
7.4.3 Querying the Database

The Inspection Query dialog box is a filter used to display selected combinations of images.
Figure 7-8: The Inspection Query Dialog Box

The Image Database

Appendix A Specifications
This appendix lists the Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System specifications. They include:
Topic Section Page

Equipment Specifications ............................................................ A.1 ........................... A-2
Environmental Specifications....................................................... A.2 ........................... A-2
Overall Size and Weight Specifications ....................................... A.3 ........................... A-3
Power Requirements ................................................................... A.4 ........................... A-3
Scan Tunnel (Parcel Size) Dimensions ....................................... A.5 ........................... A-4
Conveyor Specifications .............................................................. A.6 ........................... A-4
System Image Specifications....................................................... A.7 ........................... A-4

Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B A-1
Table A-1: Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System X-ray System Characteristics
Category Type or Specification
X-ray Source
Radiation Sources Electronic X-ray Tube
140 kV (dual-energy transmission X-ray); 160

Maximum Operating Voltage
kV (Z Backscatter)
Maximum Operating 1.0 mA (dual-energy transmission X-ray); 3.0

Current mA (Z Backscatter)
Maximum Duty Cycle 100%
System Emissions
Exposure Rate to Less than 0.1 mR in any one hour @ 5 cm

Surroundings (2”) from surface
Exposure to Parcel per scan Less than 2.0 mR per inspection
The Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System X-Ray Inspection System

complies fully with radiation performance standards for Cabinet X-ray Systems
as set forth by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) of the
U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under 21 CFR, SUBCHAPTER J,
SECTION 1020.40 requiring less than 0.5 mR/hour exposure at 5 cm (2”) from
the surface of the cabinet.
A.1 Equipment Specifications

The following subsections provide the main equipment specifications for Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection
System.
A.2 Environmental Specifications

For environmental specifications, see Table A-2.
Table A-2: Environmental Specifications
Category Specification
Operating Temperature 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)
Storage Temperature -20°C to 60°C (-4°F to 140°F)

A-2 Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B
Table A-2: Environmental Specifications
Humidity 5–95% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Elevation 0 - 1524 m (0-5000 ft.)
Leveling adjustment range +/-1.9 cm (0.75 in.)
Noise 70 dB or less.
A.3 Overall Size and Weight Specifications

For overall specifications, see Table A-3.
Table A-3: Overall Size and Weight Specifications
Length 170 cm (67 in.)
With Conveyor: 198.12 cm (78 in.)

Width
Without Conveyor: 85.1 cm (33.5 in.)
Height 135.13 cm (53.2 in.)
Weight 820 kg (1800 lb.)
A.4 Power Requirements

For power requirements, see Table A-4.
Table A-4: Power Requirements
Voltage - VAC 120, +/-10%
Amps 20
Hz 60, +/-5%
Phase single

A.5 Scan Tunnel (Parcel Size) Dimensions
For scan tunnel dimensions (hence maximum parcel size), see Table A-5.)
Table A-5: Scan Tunnel Dimensions
Length: Unlimited
Width: 64.7 cm (25.5 in.)
Height: 43.8 cm (16.5 in.)
A.6 Conveyor Specifications

For conveyor specifications, see Table A-6.
Table A-6: Conveyor Specifications
Normal Speed 11.9 m/min. (39 ft./min.)
High Speed 23.8 m/min. (78 ft./min.)
Max Load Capacity 136 kg (300 lb.) continuous use
Auto Return Mode User selectable setting
Special Package Mode User selectable setting.
A.7 System Image Specifications

For system image specifications, see Table A-7.
Table A-7: System Image Specifications
Object Detection (raw resolution) 40 awg tinned copper wire
Target Penetration 30 mm (1.2 in.) steel

Table A-7: System Image Specifications (continued)
• VIEW Z
• METALLIC STRIPPING
• ORGANIC STRIPPING
• COLOR
Image Analysis Tools • NEG
• AUTO-ENHANCE
• DENSITY EXPAND
• EDGE ENHANCE
• AS&E FRAME
Image Acquisition - normal operation Automatic. Start and stop triggered by sensors.
Configurable. Embedded in image upon completion.

Default time format: 24 hr, HH:MM:SS. Default day
Image Acquisition - time/date
format: YYYY/MM/DD
Default location: bottom right corner of image
16 bit (2 byte) pixels. 672 vertical pixels of data per

Image Format line. Number of vertical lines per package dependent
on length of package.
Tx - 120 lines/sec.
Image Acquisition Rate
Bx - 165 lines/sec.
672 pixels/line x 2 bytes/pixel x 1280 lines/screen =

Tx Image File Size - Full screen
approx. 1.7 mb
672 pixels/line x 2 bytes/pixel x 931 lines/screen =

Bx Image File Size - Full screen
approx. 1.3 mb
Image File Size - Full screen - Tx & Bx Approx. 3 mb
14 images of 61 cm (24”) packages. Oldest images are

Image buffer (Thumbnail Area) capacity
overwritten.
Image Storage - Normal Save by User Last complete image savable to hard drive.
Full backup of image allowed on removable (USB)

storage media. Images archived are deleted from hard
Image Archive
drive. Records associated with images remain in
database.
Prints images as they appear on the screen; Print

Image Print and Report
Image Record Reports. Initiate via Operator Console.
Image Database Backup and Restore Standard. Initiate via Operator Console.

Index
A Density Expand 5-12

Edge Enhance 3-13, 5-15
access panel, top rear (keyed) 2-2
Emergency Stop 1-7, 2-2, 3-4
Active Inspections dialog box 6-21
High Penetration 3-12, 5-7
Administration menu 6-16 Image Density Expand 3-13
analyzing scans 4-7, 5-1–5-20 image navigation control 5-17
Archive Later check box 7-10 Image Reset 5-16
archiving images 6-15, 6-21 Logout 3-5, 3-6
AS&E Frame Menu 3-5, 3-6
about 5-8 Metallic Stripping 5-9
button 3-12, 5-8 NEG 3-12, 5-11
display sample 5-8, 5-10 Organic Stripping 5-10
Auto-Enhance button 3-13, 5-16 Pan 5-17
auto-return mode, about 6-7 Print 3-5, 3-7
Quick Save 3-5, 4-7, 5-5
Auto-Save
Reset Image 3-13, 5-17
check box 4-7
Review Earlier Images 5-19
definition 6-20
Review Later Images 5-20
auto-stop mode, about 6-7
Scan 3-5, 3-6, 4-4, 5-4
Select Archive Later 6-21
B Special Package 3-5, 3-7
backing up the database 6-18 Subsystem Status 3-5, 3-7
Backup Database dialog box 6-18 View non-Organic Material 3-12
Backup Database Pathname dialog View Organic Material 3-12
box 6-18 View Z 3-12, 5-6
bag jam procedure 4-6 Zoom 5-17
before starting the system 4-2
belt 2-4
C
buttons cable port (top cover) 2-2
AS&E Frame 3-12, 5-8 caps lock button 6-2
Auto-Enhance 3-13, 5-16 CB1 2-5
caps lock 6-2 changing time
Color 3-12, 5-12 about 6-15
context sensitive 3-10 changing user access level 4-8
conveyor belt control 3-14
circuit breaker (main) 2-5, 4-3
Database 3-5, 4-7

Gemini™ Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Operator Manual 286-9000-1 Rev. B
Index
Color button 3-12, 5-12 Backup Database Pathname 6-18

Config menu 6-8 Database Restore Pathname 6-19
connector panel (monitor) 2-7 Date and Time Properties 6-15
connector, operator console (DB15) 2-5 Export Image 6-9
Field Display Settings 7-4
connector, operator console (RJ245) 2-5
Framing Setup 6-13
context sensitive buttons 3-3, 3-10 Maintenance 6-17
controls (monitor) 2-7 Restore Database 6-19
conveyor 2-2 Save/Query Inspection 7-7
belt movement 2-5 Settings 6-20
forward button 3-14 Time Stamp Setup 6-12
reverse button 3-14 dialog boxes See also menus
stop button 3-14
Discrepancy Found check box 7-10
conveyor belt 2-4
display database button 7-2
cooling fan 4-3
dual-energy transmission X-ray 4-7
curtain 2-2
curtain (rear) 2-4 E
edge enhance
D about 5-15
Database Edge Enhance button 3-13, 5-15
console button 3-5
editing inspections data 7-10
database
Emergency Stop button 4-3
backing up 6-18
about 3-4
configuring 6-20
console 1-7
displaying 7-2
description 3-3
filtering 7-11
front 2-2
maintenance, about 6-17
operation 3-3
operation buttons 7-7
rear 2-2
querying 7-11
Export Image dialog box 6-9
restoring 6-19
window 7-3 exporting an image 6-9
Database button 4-7 exporting images 4-7
Database Restore Pathname dialog
box 6-19 F
Date and Time Properties dialog fan, cooling 2-2
box 6-15 Field Display Settings dialog box 7-4
date/time stamp 5-3 Framing Setup dialog box 6-13
density expand 5-12
Density Expand button 5-12 H
description of system 1-2 Hardware Description 2-1–2-7
dialog box navigation 3-2, 3-10, 6-2 hardware exterior components 2-2
dialog boxes hazards 1-3
Active Inspections 6-21 High Definition button 3-12
Backup Database 6-18
High Penetration button 5-7

Index
host port (remote RJ245) 2-5 M

main circuit breaker 4-3
I
main image area 5-2
Image Database 7-1–7-11 Main Menu 6-3
image database Maintenance dialog box 6-17
about 7-4
Menu button 3-5, 3-6
Image Density Expand button 3-13
menus
image enhancement tools 5-6 Administration 6-16
image maintenance Config 6-8
about 6-21 Main Menu 6-3
image navigation control 5-17 System 6-11
Image Reset button 5-16 Transport Modes 6-6
image restore 7-7 menus See also dialog boxes
indicators metallic stripping
operator console 3-15 about 5-9
operator console lights 3-15 display sample 5-9
Power On 4-3 Metallic Stripping button 5-9
power on 4-3 Metallic Stripping, image sample 5-9
Status 4-4 mode display 4-5
X-ray generation warning 1-6
monitor 2-2, 2-7
X-Ray On 1-7, 2-2
zoom 5-4
N
inorganic material examples 1-10
inspection data navigating dialog boxes 6-2
editing 7-10 NEG button 3-12, 5-11
inspections NEG sample image 5-11
archive later 6-21
Select All button 6-21 O
intended audience 1-1 Off/On/Start keyswitch 3-3, 3-8
interconnect Operating the System 4-1–4-10
rear panel 2-2 Operator Console 3-1–3-15
interlocks 1-8 operator console 2-2, 2-6
Introduction 1-1–1-10 about 3-2
controls 3-2
K indicator lights 3-15
keypad 3-8 indicators 3-2
definitions 3-8 operator console connector (DB15) 2-5
keyswitch 4-3 operator console connector (RJ245) 2-5
operator present pendant 3-3
L operator present switch 1-8, 2-6, 3-3
LCD (monitor) 2-7 operator safety 1-6
Logout button 3-5, 3-6 organic material examples 1-10
Organic Stripping

Index
about 5-10 saved images 6-10

sample image 5-10 saving images 4-7
Organic Stripping button 5-10 scan
pendant 1-8
P pendant and operator switch 3-9
package sensor 2-4 Scan button 3-5, 3-6, 4-4, 5-4
panel interconnect 2-5 scan pendant 2-6
pendant 2-2 scanning parcels 4-5
personnel requirements 1-3 scans
power connector (monitor) 2-7 analyzing 4-7
saving 4-7
power on indicator 4-3
stopping 4-6
power, input connection 2-5
Select Archive Later button 6-21
powering down the system 4-9
Settings dialog box 6-20
powering up the system 4-3
shelf 2-3
things to do before 4-2
Special Package button 3-5, 3-7
Print button 3-5, 3-7
Specifications A-1–A-5
Q stand (monitor) 2-7
Quick Save button 3-5, 4-7, 5-5 Status indicator 4-4
stop button 3-14
R stopping a scan 4-6
radiation protocols 1-6 Subsystem Status button 3-5, 3-7
rear panel interconnect 2-2 Subsystem Status screen 4-10
region of interest image sample 5-19 Suspect button 3-3
Reset Image button 3-13 System Administration 6-1–6-21
restoring the database 6-19 system administration
functions 6-2
return button 3-14
System menu 6-11
reverse scan direction
about 6-8 system power on 4-3
reverse scan, about 6-7 system status indicators 5-3
Review Earlier Images button 5-19
T
Review Later Images button 5-20
reviewing earlier images 5-19 thumbnail
area 5-4
reviewing later images 5-20
navigation 5-19
Time Stamp Setup dialog box 6-12
S
top cover 2-2
safety information 1-3
Transport Modes menu 6-6
safety notation conventions 1-3
trim panel
safety procedures 1-5 front 2-2
safety symbols 1-3 left side 2-2
Save/Query Inspection dialog box 7-7 rear 2-2

Index
right side 2-2

top front 2-2
tunnel curtains 2-4
tunnel entrance 2-2
tunnel, about 2-3
Tx detection slot 2-4
U
USB port 2-5
user access level
changing 4-8
V
VGA cable connector (monitor) 2-7
View Non-Organic Material button 3-12
View Organic Material button 3-12
View Z button 3-12, 5-6
visual warnings 1-6
X
X-ray
generation 1-9
indicator 1-6
safety 1-6
tube 1-9
Z
Z Backscatter image 4-7
zoom
indicator 5-4
zoom buttons 5-17


286-9000-1-B Gemini Operators Manual

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286-9000-1

American Science and Engineering, Inc.

 2008 American Science and Engineering, Inc.

Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 1-1

Chapter 2 Hardware Description .................................................................................... 2-1

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Chapter 3 The Operator Console ................................................................................... 3-1

Chapter 4 Operating the System .................................................................................... 4-1

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Chapter 5 Analyzing Scans ............................................................................................. 5-1

Chapter 6 System Administration .................................................................................. 6-1

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6.8 Displaying the System Menu .......................................................................... 6-11

Chapter 7 The Image Database ...................................................................................... 7-1

Appendix A Specifications .................................................................A-1

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Products and Markets

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Service and Support

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Topic Section Page

1.1 Intended Audience

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1.2 Document Layout

1.3 General Description

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1.4 Personnel Requirements

1.6 Safety Information

1.6.1 Gemini is Safe to Use

1.6.2 Safety Notation Conventions

1.6.2.1 Safety Symbols

Symbol (colors vary) Explanation

Danger - Warning -Caution. Risk of danger or damage. Refer to Field

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Earth - ground connection

Caution. Risk of electric shock.

WARNING: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could

CAUTION: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may

NOTE: A Note is intended to convey pertinent information about a task to be performed.

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1.6.3 Safety Procedures

WARNING: System power distribution set-up and teardown should be done by a

All users must observe the following safety rules.

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1.7 Radiation Protocols

1.8 X-Ray Safety

1.8.1 Operator Safety

1.8.2 Visual Warnings – X-ray Generation

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Figure 1-1: The X-Ray On Indicators

1.9 The Emergency Stop Button

1.10 Bag Jams

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1.11 System Interlocks

Scan Pendant and Operator Present Switch

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1.12 How the Gemini Parcel X-Ray Inspection System Works

Figure 1-2: Typical X-Ray Generation Tube

1.12.2 How X-Rays Work

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• The X-rays bounce off the matter in varying degrees (scatter).

Figure 1-3: Three Effects of Matter on X-Ray Transmission

Examples of Organic Material: