e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com

ELECTRIC POWERED STAIR CLIMBING TROLLEY

Prof. M.P. Sathe*1, Praveen Pardhi*2, Archana Wankar*3, Ankit Kumar*4, Chetan Shinde*5
Narendra Katre*6
*1
Professor, Department Of Mechanical Engineering, Radhikatai Pandav College Of Engg, Umred
Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
*2,3,4,5,6
Students Department Of Mechanical Engineering, Radhikatai Pandav College Of Engg, Umred
Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

I. ABSTRACT
The project aims to develop a mechanism for simple transportation of serious load over stairs. Despite fast
changes within the approach the items are being factory made, we tend to are still accustomed the age of
techniques of producing. The explanations are multifold starting from inertia, rejection of the new technologies,
lack of engineering power, lack of talent & technical power and most significantly worry of losing employment
opportunities. This project aims at developing a mechanism for simple transportation of serious masses over
stairs. The necessity for such a system arises from every day needs in our society. Devices like hand trolleys are
accustomed relieve the strain of lifting whereas on flat ground. However, these devices sometimes fail once it
involves carrying the load over short fleet of stairs. Within the light-weight of this, the project tries to style a
support mounting hand cart which may carry serious objects up the steps with less effort compared to carrying
them manually. In gift project, the tramcar is supplied with Tri-Star wheels that alter America to hold laden and
down the steps and additionally eases the movement of tramcar in irregular surfaces like holes and bumps.

KEYWORD: Stairs, Trolley, Tri-Wheel, Lift, Effort, Rotor.

II. METHODOLOGY
The mild steel frame with square cross section are welded to form as a trolley using wheel additional setup three
in number forming an equilateral triangle shape on both ends of the trolley. The fabrication is made using design
and modeling sketched in CATIA software. Analysis is done on the trolley to find stresses and deformation to
find out the failure criteria on entire trolley setup. The number of nodes and elements formed by meshing
component gives the fine analysis requirement.
1. Identify the Specifications of parts assembled to form a trolley.
2. Make sure about cost estimation for trolley components.
3. Planning and designing for fabrication procedure to be performed.
4. Sketch the trolley in draft and model software and analysis of entire working model.
Procedure:
1. It is made can be fabrication cutting square pipe.
2. Then cut the square pipe joint to electric welding.
3. It is made for frame.
4. The shaft can be made mild steel also mounted on tri-wheel and gear.
5. Then motor mount on sprocket through drive the shaft.
6. From drive the roller chain also gear for gear motor.
7. Battery in used 24v then the starting the gear motor.
8. It is using for PWM circuit then speed regulate the gear motor.
9. Finally project completed and testing.
10. Then the testing is successfully.

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
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III. COMPONENTS AND ITS DESCRIPTION

Tri-wheel :
They were first developed as a module of the Lockheed Tri-star, a commercially unsuccessful automotive
vehicle. A Tri-Star wheel functions as a standard wheel on flat ground, but has the pliability to climb
automatically once associate in nursing impediment to rolling is encountered. This wheel style consists
of three tires, every mounted to a separate shaft. These shafts are settled at the vertices of associate in nursing
regular polygon. The 3 shafts are double-geared to a fourth, central shaft (to that a motor could also be attached)
once double-geared during this quasi-planetary fashion, these triangular sets of wheels will hash out many
varieties of parcel of land, together with sand and mud; they will conjointly permit a vehicle to climb over tiny
obstructions like rocks, holes, and stairs. The wheel assembly could also be gear-driven, with 2 wheels in rolling
contact with the bottom. The third wheel idles at the highest till the lower front wheel hits Associate in
Nursing obstruction. The obstruction prevents the lower front wheel from moving forward however doesn't have
an effect on the motion of the axle. This causes the highest wheel to roll forward into position because the new
front wheel. This wheel sometimes lands on prime of the obstruction and permits the remainder of the assembly
to vault over the obstruction. Tri-Star wheel in motion is shown in figure.

Fig-1 Fig-2 Fig-3

Roller Chain :
Roller chain or bush roller chain is that the range of chain drive most typically used for transmission of
mechanical power on many varieties of domestic, industrial and agricultural machinery, along with conveyors,
wire-drawing and tube-drawing machines, printing presses, cars, motor cycles and bicycles. It consists of a
series of short cylindrical rollers command on by side links it's driven by a wheel called a sprocket it's a
Straightforward, reliable, and economical means that of power transmission.
Sprocket :
A sprocket or sprocket-wheel might be a profiled wheel with teeth, or cogs, that mesh with a sequence, track
or different perforated or indented material. The name 'sprocket' applies generally to any wheel upon that radial
projections move a sequence passing over it. It's distinguished from a gear during this sprockets are never
meshed on directly, and differs from a straightforward machine during this sprockets have teeth and pulleys are
sleek. Sprockets are of assorted styles, a most of potency being claimed for every by its creator. Sprockets
usually don't have a projection. Some sprockets used with belts have flanges to stay the temporal arrangement
belt cantered.

Fig-4

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
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Gear Motor :
As the coil rotates electrical current is passed from the motors terminals to subsequent set of coil windings via
carbon brushes placed round the switch manufacturing another field and every time the coil rotates a
replacement set of coil windings area unit energized forcing the coil to rotate a lot of and a lot of and then on. So
the motility speed of a DC motor depends upon the interaction between two magnetic fields, one created by the
stator’s stationary permanent magnets and additionally the various by the armatures rotating electromagnets
and by dominant this interaction we are able to management the speed of rotation. The field made by the stator’s
permanent magnets is mounted and thus can't be modified however if we modify the strength of the armatures
magnetism field by dominant the present flowing through the windings a lot of or less magnetic flux are going
to be made leading to a stronger or weaker interaction and thus a quicker or slower speed.

Fig-5 Fig-6

Then the motility speed of a DC motor (N) is proportional to the rear electromotive force (Vb) of the motor
divided by the magnetic flux (which for a static magnet could be a constant) times associate mechanical
device constant relying upon the character of the armatures windings (Ke) giving U.S. the equation of : N ∝
V/KeΦ. So however will we management the flow of current through the motor. Well many of us conceive
to management the speed of a DC motor employing a massive resistance (Rheostat) serial with the motor as
shown. Whereas this might work, because it will with Scalextric slot auto racing, it generates a great deal of
warmth and wasted power within the resistance. One easy and straightforward thanks to management the speed
of a motor is to manage the number of voltage across its terminals and this will be achieved mistreatment
“Pulse breadth Modulation” or PWM.

Battery :
Electricity specified they'll be reverted to the first chemical state fall into the class of secondary batteries.
Recharging is settled by passing current through the battery. The oldest type of reversible battery is that the
storage battery. Lead Acid battery market is dominating primarily thanks to the inconvenience of any in a
position competitive resolution within the market which they provide lowest value per work unit despite of their
low specific energy. The need to form these batteries maintenance free, the flooded battery kind evolved
into 2 variants: Sealed Lead Acid or Gel cells and valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) Batteries.

Fig-7

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Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT) Switch :

Battery The batteries during which a reversible reaction is to blame for the generation of a Double Pole Double
Throw (DPDT) switch may well be a switch that encompasses a combine of inputs and 4 outputs; each input
encompasses a combine of corresponding outputs that it will hook up with.

Fig-8 Fig-9
Each of the terminals of a double pole double switch will either be in one of two positions. This makes the
double pole double throw switch a awfully versatile switch. With a pair of inputs, it will hook up with four
completely different outputs. It will reroute a circuit into a pair of completely different modes of operation. A
Double Pole Double Throw Switch is basically two single pole double throw (SPDT) switches.

Pulse Width Modulation or PWM :

There ar many alternative ways that to manage the speed of DCmotors however one terribly straightforward and
simple manner is to use Pulse dimension Modulation. But before we tend to begin staring at the it’s and out’s of
pulse dimension modulation we'd like to grasp a touch a lot of regarding however a DC motor works.
Next to stepper motors, the static magnet DC Motor (PMDC) is that the most typically used style of
tiny electricity motor offered manufacturing a continual move speed that may be simply controlled. Tiny DC
motors ideal to be used in applications were speed management is needed like in tiny toys, models, robots and
alternative such physical science circuits. A DC motor consist essentially of 2 components, the stationary body
of the motor referred to as the “Stator” and therefore the inner half that rotates manufacturing the movement
referred to as the “Rotor”. For D.C. machines the rotor is usually termed the “Armature”.
Generally in tiny light weight duty DC motors the mechanical device consists of a combine of mounted
permanent magnets manufacturing a consistent and stationary magnetic flux within the motor giving these sorts
of motors their name of “permanent-magnet direct-current” (PMDC) motors. The motors coil consists of
individual electrical coils connected along in a very circular configuration around its gold-bearing body
manufacturing a North-Pole then a South-Pole then a North-Pole etc, style of field system configuration.
The current flowing at intervals these rotor coils manufacturing the mandatory magnetism field. The circular
field made by the coils windings produces each north and south poles round the armature that are repelled or
attracted by the stator’s permanent magnets manufacturing a move movement round the motors central axis as
shown.

Fig-10

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Bearing :
The most common material used to produce bearing is Chrome Steel. A ball bearing is a sort of rolling-detail
bearing that makes use of balls to hold the separation among the bearing races. The reason of a ball bearing is to
lessen rotational friction and aid radial and axial loads.

Fig-11

Frame:
The frame is meant as shown below. The frame is meant for a height of concerning 1000mm and is
formed of steel material. The handle is formed perpendicular to the body of the trolley car so the trolley car may
be inclined to any angle. The bottom of the trolley car is welded and it's created of steel material.

Fig-12 Fig-13

Wheel and Shaft Assembly :

The wheel that is mounted to the Tri-Star clamp is then assembled to the hollow shaft as shown below. The Tri-
Star wheel setup is mounted at the either ends of the hollow shaft by attachment. The sprocket is mounted on the
shaft before the attachment method that connects the tiny sprocket and motor with the assistance of chain drive.

Fig-14

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Final Assembly of Trolley :

The final assembly of the tram is completed as shown below. The wheel setup and therefore the shaft assembly
are assembled to the body of the tram with the assistance of bearing. Here, bearing is employed. Currently the
sprockets are connected to the hollow shaft and motor shaft with the assistance of chain drive. Because the
motor rotates, the shaft and Tri-Star assembly rotates with the assistance of the chain drive mechanism. The
front read of the fictitious tram is shown within the fig. The front read offers the clear plan regarding however
the motor is control with the tram. The motor is control to the body with the assistance of 3 M6 bolts. The aspect
of the ultimate assembled tram is shown within the fig. during this read, we will infer that the chain drive
connects the smaller sprocket (fixed to the motor shaft) and therefore the larger sprocket. A plate is welded to
the body of the tram and a gentle steel is placed over it. Then the battery is placed over the cardboard board and
drives the motor.

Fig-15 Fig-16

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The vehicle was moving run out the support. It will pass on flat surface uniformly at twenty rev with none
fluctuation and there was no variation of speed over steps. It had been ascertained that there was terribly low
noise and vibration over flat surface or support it had been ascertained that the vehicle was disturbed
once it round-faced the support of various step sizes. This was attributable to the form and size of the wheel
frame so for a variety of stairs size may be thought-about for this vehicle. Although, totally different sizes
step don't seem to be sometimes accessible in building style.
It showed sensible performance once the step size was uniform. Here during this project separate frame may
be accustomed give the support of various size and form that created its use over wide selection of size of stairs.
From the take a look at run of the vehicle it had been seen that most the utmost the most} height the vehicle
might climb the support whose inclined angle was 44° maximum. If the inclination is quite 44° it'd fail to climb
the support. In building construction, only a few stairs are usually accessible having inclination quite that i.e.
44° the graceful ramp angle (θs) wasn't listed for the vehicle however it may be simply expected that support
inclined angle (θ) is a smaller amount than that of ramp (θs).

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V. CONCLUSION
The design of the tram is compact and thence is in a position to maneuver regarding in most the steps that we
discover at establishments, offices, industries and conjointly at some homes. The planning is created terribly
safe and there's no likelihood of failure of the frame and wheels beneath traditional condition. According to the
tests conducted, the support ascent tram encompasses a capability of carrying a load of 100kgs on flat
surface. It's the flexibility to ascend a flight of stairs of 45-degree elevation carrying a weight of 40kgs. The
main good thing about the project is support ascent mechanism for load carrier with decreasing effort.
Doing higher work with lesser effort has been the most objectives of kinsmen in any field. This project as
platform we tend to gift motorized support case ascent tram with reducing effort. The longer term sweetening of
our project is we've got to rectify the issues that we've got encountered throughout down of the tram in stairs. we
tend to had a swish travel whereas ascending however whereas coming back down from the steps, we tend
to found some vibration downside and to beat this we've got planned to put in springs and braking
system, so tram are going to be during a sensible management whereas down conjointly.

VI. REFERENCES
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[4] Mulik Shriniwas, Salunkhe Rohit, Shaikh Shahrukh, Waghmode Dada, and Swipnil Gaikwad (2016),
Advance material handling trolley using tri-wheel mechanism, International Journal of Recent Research in
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