Problem 2

An economizer is to be purchased for a power plant. The unit is to be large enough

to heat 7.5 kg/s of pressurized water from 71°C to 182°C. There are 26 kg/s of flue
gases (cp = 1000 J/kg K) available at 426°C. Estimate:
(a) the outlet temperature of the flue gases and
(b) the heat transfer area required for a counterflow arrangement if the overall
heat transfer coefficient is 57 W/m2 K.
5°- Properties
Water flow rate ṁw =7.5 kg /s
Water temperatures
T w ,∈¿=71 ° C ¿

T w ,out =182° C

Gas flow rate ṁ g =26 kg /s

J
Gas specific heatc pg=1000
kg . k
Gas inlet temperature T g ,∈¿=426° C ¿
Overall heat transfer coefficient (U) = 57 W/(m2 K)
water at the mean temperature of 126.5 ° C cpw= 4240 J / (kg K)

6°- Calculations
C c =C w =ṁ c c pc =¿

kg J W
¿ 7.5
s(4240 )
kg . K
=31801
K
C h=C g= ṁh c ph=¿

kg J W
¿ 26
s(1000 )
kg . K
=26000
K

matching the balances of the hot fluid and the cold fluid
Cg ¿
 a) from the previous equation we proceed to clear the outlet temperature of the
gases
T g , out =T Cw
g ,∈¿− ¿¿
Cg

31801
¿ 426 ° C− ( 182° C−71° C )
26000
¿ 290 ° C
In the LMTD method, the reason for the heat transfer is determined from
ΔT 1=T g ,∈¿−T w ,out =426° C−182° C=244 ° C ¿

ΔT 2=T g , out −T w ,∈¿=290 ° C−71° C =219 ° C ¿

ΔT 1−Δ T 2 244−219
ΔT ml= = =231° C
ΔT 1 244
ln
( ) ( )
ΔT 2
ln
219

Q̇=U A s Δ T ml

Q̇=C w ¿
b) equalizing the two previous equations, we can clear the area
U A s Δ T ml=C w ¿

A s=C w ¿ ¿

¿ 268 m2