SOIL COMMUNICATION BASED MORDEN GREEN HOUSE

MONITORING SYSTEM
1
Mr.T.Thirunavukkarasu , Muthayammal college of Engineering, arasu455@gmail.com
2
P.Suganya, Muthayammal College of Engineering , sugan146895@gmail.com
3
V.Uma , Muthayammal College of Engineering, umagowri2000@gmail.com
4
M.Vishthiriya, Muthayammal College of Engineering , visthumegu98@gmail.com

ABSTRACT Soil Communication constitutes one in every of the promising application areas of the
recently developed techniques. Automated greenhouse is to easy people once they wish to grow plants. It
helps to observe true, once they don't seem to be reception. the most aim of this paper is to reduce the
human care needed for the plant by automating the green house and monitor the in-house environment
status. one unit of green house structure prototype has been constructed and integrated with the sensors and
micro controller. It provides a model of a little green house, which helps the farmers to hold out the work
may be a farm automatically without the employment of much manual inspections.

INDEX TERMS Smart Greenhouse, Monitoring, Controlling, Sensors, Microcontroller.

1
I. INTRODUCTION
The paper presents about smart green house
system. The growth of the human population
comes the constantly raising demand for
agriculture product. According to the global
population study the population is expected to rise
from 1.8 billion to 4.9 billion in 2030, leading to
drastic rise in demand for daily agricultural
product [1]. So that it will require expansion of
farm lands growth in yield of agricultural products
mean while, due to global warming, crops are
often damaged by extreme weather conditions.
Formers are not only responsible to reduce the
demand of food product, but also everyone have
the same responsibility in order to reduce the food
demand every one must have green house in their
home. Green house is framed or in flated structure
covered with a transport or translucent material in
which fruit/ vegetable/ flower crops can be grown
under the controlled climatic condition of at least
partially controlled environment. In classical time
period green house monitored by with the help of
human resources. Smart green house system is
developed to reduce the human contribution
towards monitoring and controlling the green
house system.
The smart green house system is implemented
using sensors and actuators which are controlled
by a micro controller to monitor and control the
environmental parameters inside the green house,
such as Temperature, Humidity, Detection of
rain, CO2 and Rain water harvesting .
1 through the user interface. IOT provides a tool
Currently, the green house is monitoring and
controlling by the new technologies such as,
Internet of Things (IOT) [2]-[3], Cloud
Computing analysis [4]-[5] and Big Data [6]-[7].
The modern technologies can monitor and control
the green house, when the internet connectivity is
available. These current technologies are replaced
by the soil communication method, in this method
there is no need of internet connectivity.
II. EXISTING SYSTEM
In Many studies, the development of systems
and platforms for a green house containing
agricultural products has been designed to
automates the agricultural procedures [8]. In the
control of environmental variables in green house
proposed in several studies, they designed smart
farming platforms using sensors with a variety of
control techniques and algorithms [9]-[10] to
adapt an ideal climate model within the agriculture
process.
The consumption of energy and water are
critical factors in food production and agricultural
technologies processes. As such as, the use and
tracking of these resources are significant. In this
work, water consumption is measured and
tracked, for any process, as in [11] through the
implementation of the drip irrigation system and
micro-sprinklers, to achieve an optimal use of
resources.
The green house model developed in this
work contains the communication and data
streaming protocol as in [12], geared toward
farmers or actors in the productivity chain,
with an impact on agricultural practices because
farmers will have access to information such as
phytosanitary characteristics and seedling
production parameters [13] – [14]; these
parameters will influence the quality and safety of
the crops. The aim of our research in designing
the traceability system is to provide a long term,
sustainable solution, in which the seedling is
certified and guaranteed for regional good
agricultural practice procedures.
Applying Big DATA for intelligent agriculture-
based analysis, Intelligent agriculture IOT
equipment to monitor the environmental factors
on a farm. The collected data underwent 3D
cluster analysis to yield analysis of the
environmental factors of that farm. The proposed
scheme bears the following features: (1)data
normalization is achieved via the combination of
moving average and average variance; (2) applied
3D cluster analysis to analyze via the relation
between environmental factors subsequently
examine the rules of thumb help by the farmers;
(3) the system determines whether a selected crop
has been placed in the appropriate cluster; and (4)
the system sets a critical value in the cluster based
on future environments and provides advice on
whether a crop is suitable for the farm. Hence
intelligent agriculture IOT equipment in the farm
monitoring purposes and ran an actual-scenario
analysis using the algorithm in our study; results
confirm that existing scheme is indeed feasible[15]
Precision agriculture is showing its potential
and benefits by improving agricultural operations
through better data –driven decision making.
However, to continue this success, precision
agriculture not only requires better technology
and tools to process date efficiently but also at a
reasonable cost such that the received data can be
used to make a field decisions efficiently. For this
purpose, farmers can use cloud service to access
information from predictive analysis institutes so
that they can choose the right product available
according to their specific requirements. Cloud
computing offers an edge to farmers to use
knowledge-based repositories that contain a
treasure of information and experiences related to
farming practices as well as on equipment options.
Surely, moving towards Cloud based services
offer opportunities to explore advancements, but
it comes with new challenges, as well. First, a vast
range of sensors are being developed and used in
precision agriculture, each of which has its own
data format and semantics. Secondly, most of
decisions-support systems are application –
specific while, on the other hand, a farmer can be
in the need of accessing various systems for a
specific application, e.g., soil monitoring.
Considering both of these cases, the cloud-based
decision-support system not only needs to handle
the diversity of data and their formats but also
must be able to configure these formats for
different application [16].
III.PROPOSED SYSTEM
The System composed to monitor and
control the Smart Green House using Soil
Communication process. In the system, the
parameters like Temperature, Humidity, co 2, Rain
detection and Rain water harvesting are going to
monitor, control and upload to PC using Soil
transceiver process.
The soil Transmitter is remodeling the
agribusiness and empowering the agriculturists
through the extensive range of strategies. This
proposed system based on soil communication,
there is no need internet connectivity.
The soil communication process is enabled
by the electrons which is in the soil moisture
between soil transmitter and soil receiver. It
consumes low power to transmit the data and no
loss of communication.
FIGURE 1. Smart Green House
TRANSMITTER BLOCK DIAGRAM

FIGURE 2. Transmitter
RECIVER BLOCK DIAGRAM
FIGURE 3. Receiver
IV. COMPONENTS REQUIRED
II. ATmega328
It is a single chip micro controller, it has a
modified HARVARD architecture 8-bit RISC
processor core, SRAM size is 2kb,EEPROM size
is 1kb, flash memory is 32k band clock speed is
16MHz.
In order to maximize the performance and
parallelism, the AVR uses HARVARD architecture
–with separate memories and buses for program
data.
It supports for both serial communication and
serial peripheral interface. It has 28 pins, in which
14 digital pins of which 6 pins for PWM outputs
and 6 pins for both input and output, then 8 pins
used for power supplies. It has the advantages
robust and easy to use.
FIGURE 4. ATmega328
A. Temperature Sensor
Thermistor
Thermistor is a type of resistor, and it
uses sensors to regulate the cold and heat
conditions, whose resistance depends on
temperature. It can measure the temperature
by measuring the resistance.
When the specific high temperature
threshold is exceeded, preventive action can
be taken by the sensor to lower temperature.
FIGURE 5. Termistor
B. Moisture Sensor
Resistive sensor
This Moisture Sensor used to detect the
moisture of soil, if there is water around the
sensor, let the plants in your garden reach out for
human help. They can be very easy to use, just
insert it into the soil and then read it. It has two
probes to pass the current into the soil, and gets
the value of resistance to measure the value of
water content in soil.
It is equipped with both analog and digital
output. Hence it can be used in both analog and in
digital.
FIGURE 6. Resistive Sensor
C. CO2 Sensor
MQ6
MQ-6 can detect gas concentrations
anywhere from 200 to 10000ppm. it's high
sensitivity to detect the CO2 level. Measuring the
CO2 level is very important in monitoring the
indoor air quality.
FIGURE 7. MQ-6 sensor
D. Rain Detector Sensor
Rain sensor one of switching device used to
detect rainfall. Rain sensing unit detects amount of
rains through LED and photodiode. When infrared
rays emitted from LED are reflected against rain
on the windshield surface, photodiode detects the
amount of rains. Rain sensing unit has glass
transmitting rate compensation circuit so it can
detect rains constantly regardless of transmitting
rays.
FIGURE 8. Rain detector
E. L293D
L293D IC could be a typical motor driver
IC. It allows the DC motor to drive on any
direction. This IC consists of 16-pins which are
accustomed control a collection of two DC
motors instantaneously in any direction. It can
control DC motors yet as drive small and quiet big
motors. A motor driver could be a small current
amplifier. It takes low-current control signal and
switch it into a better current signal which will
drive the motor.
FIGURE 9. L293D
F. RS232
RS232 is an asynchronous
communication protocol, which allows to transfer
the data between electronic devices by serially. It
ensures fast and reliable data transmission
between two devices. It defines electrical
characteristics and timing of signals.
FIGURE 10. RS232
G. Transformer
It is a static device which transfers the
electrical energy from one circuit to another
circuit through the process of Electromagnetic
Induction. The basic function of transformer is to
transfer power efficiently and instantaneously from
one electrical source to the external load
H. Regulator
Regulator is a device which provides
constant voltage level depends on its series. It is
used to avoid fluctuations. It may use an
electromechanical mechanism or electronic
components. Depending on the design it may be
used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.
I. Rectifier
One of most widely used electronic
circuit to convert Alternative current into Direct
current . Since the Rectifier circuit uses the diode
to convert AC into DC.
All power that supply to a modern factory
is alternating current , so it is important to have a
circuit that can convert the AC power to DC
power. Since most soil state device require a
source of DC power to operate.
V. WORKING METHOLOGY
This smart green house system is going to
monitor and control automatically without any
human intervention by the data transferring
process through soil in the Soil Communication
process. The system needs only 12v amount of
DC power supply to operate, so the transformer is
used to convert 230v AC to 12v Ac current. The
rectifier used for convert the AC to DC power
supply. To avoid the fluctuation in the power
supply regulator is used. Two types of regulator
are employed. These are Regulator 7805 and
Regulator 7812. In green house some parameters
are monitor to control for good indoor
environment of green house such Temperature,
Humidity, CO2 and Rain detection by the
Thermister sensor, Resistive sensor, MQ6 sensor
and Rain sensor respectively.
Moisture sensor detects the moisture level in
the soil, if the moisture level is below the
threshold level then the Pump motor is turned on
spontaneously by Motor driver L293D to supply
water for plants once it reaches the saturation
level the water supply is stopped. In case indoor
temperature of green house is exceeding the
threshold level, the exhaust fan is used to cool
down the temperature level. CO2 is one of the
important parameter for plants growth . CO2
sensor is used in green house to monitor the CO 2
level, it allows optimization of environment
conditions, resulting in more efficient plant growth
and higher crop yield. Rain detector sensor detects
the rain , when the rainfalls the plants consume the
water for moistening , when the moisture level
exceeds, then the roof top is closed automatically.
Sensor are embedded with Atmega328
Microcontroller. Moisture sensor is connected
serially with Microcontroller to transmit the data
sequentially. RS232 is a protocol used for serial
data exchange between microcontroller and soil
transmitter. Male port of RS232 is connected with
Soil transmitter and Female port is connected with
microcontroller. The soil transmitter transfers the
data to soil receiver through soil.
The Soil receiver gives the data to RS232
which is received from soil transmitter. RS232
acts as the signal amplifier to provide the lossless
data to Personal Computer to monitor the indoor
environment.
Microsoft access data base used to
maintain an information about parameters inside
the green house that helps to store information for
reference, reporting and analysis. Microsoft access
helps to analyze the large amounts of information,
and manage related data more efficiently.
VI. SOFTWARE UTILIZATION
A. Embedded C code vision AVR
It is a c cross compiler, integrated
development environment for 8 bit
microcontrollers and automatic program generator
designed for ATMEL AVR family of
microcontroller.
B. Visual Studio 6.0
It is IDE for Microsoft windows that allows
developer to develop a variety of applications.
C. AVR ISP 2
It is a tool used to copy the code into
microcontroller and used for field upgrades of 8
bit AVR microcontrollers with ISP \ PDI interfaces
using the included AVR Studio Software designer
can program.
D. Microsoft Access
It is used to manage the databases of smart
green house.
VII. CONCLUSION
The soil communication process led to
achieving the control and monitoring of an indoor
environment system of a green house without any
internet connectivity. The proposed system
reduces the consumption of power and increase
the speed of data transfer. There is no loss of data
as well as no need of regular monitoring and
control. It works efficiently and applicable to out
of network coverage area and cost effective.
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