TITLE: ASSESSMENT OF OVERSTRENGTH FACTOR AND DUCTILITY

FACTOR FOR STEEL BUILDING WITH BRICK MASONRY INFILL

NEED FOR STUDY:

i) Construction trend in Nepal is slowly shifting from RCC Frame structures to Steel
framed structure with brick masonry partition/ infills.
ii) IS 1893: 2016 and NBC 105: 1994 is silent about ductility factor and overstrength
factor.
iii) NBC 105: 2019 (Draft) provides a single value of ductility and overstrength factor
for Steel Moment Resisting Frame. It is silent about the effect of infill in these
values.
iv) Number of research has been published for overstrength and ductility factor for
Steel MRF but very less accounts the effect of infills for steel buildings.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE:
i) Determination of Overstrength and ductility factor for steel structure with and
without brick masonry infill.
ii) To identify the effect of variation of infill wall strength and building geometry on
ductility and overstrength factors.
iii) To suggest an infill material property that has optimum ductility and overstrength
factor.
iv) To purpose an empirical relationship to calculate overstrength and ductility
factors.

THEORITICAL BACKGROUND:
- Overstrength factor is the ratio of actual lateral strength to the design lateral
strength
Overstrength factor, Ω= Vy/ Vd
Where, Vy= Base Shear corresponding to actual yielding of structure
Vd= Code Prescribed unfactored design base shear
- Ductility factor is the ratio of elastic force demand to the level of idealized yield
strength of the structure.
Rμ= Ve/ Vy
Where, Ve= Maximum base shear when the structure remains elastic

METHODOLOGY:
 i) Selection of parameters of interest. These will include Storey height, number of
storeys, bay size, bay number, Infill strength, infill thickness, Grade of Steel, Size
of columns, size of beams, size of slabs.
ii) Selection of appropriate sample structures.
Table 1:
Parameters Range for Model
Storey Height 3m
Number of Storeys 2 Storey, 5 Storey and 9 Storey
Bay Size 3.5m
Number of Bays 3 to 5 Bays
Infill Strength, fm 4.1MPa, 6.6MPa, 7.5MPa
Grade of Steel Fe250
Size of Columns and Beams Will be obtained from Bare frame
design
Thickness of Slab (Decking Sheet, 125mm
Prestressed Slab or Normal Slab)

iii) Parametric study is then carried out for different parameters to obtain analysis
result.
iv) Conclusion, discussion and recommendation are made based upon the results.

METHOD OF ANALYSIS:
i) Modelling of infill masonry wall: This shall be carried out using equivalent struts
based upon IS 1893: 2016 Cl 7.9.1
 ii) Modelling of Steel Sections: This shall be done considering frame sections. The
design will be carried out for Bare Frame model with reference to IS 800: 2007
iii) Pushover Analysis: In this Lateral force is applied to the mathematical model until
target displacement or ultimate limit state is reached. For analysis SAP2000 will
be used. Steps that will be followed will include:

- Developing the model with properties assigned as shown in Table 1.

- For beam we will assign hinge based upon flexure only (M) and for columns
we will assign hinge based upon Axial force and Flexure both (P-M-M).
- For equivalent diagonal strut we assign hinge based upon axial force only (P).
- After we complete the analysis, we will obtain the pushover curve and hence
we will determine the capacity of the building from the pushover curve.

EXPECTED OUTPUTS:
From pushover analysis, we will obtain values of Yield base shear, yield displacement and
maximum displacement which will be used to calculate overstrength and ductility factor.

LITERATURE REVIEW:
i) Priyana Rajbhandari, 2019, “Response Reduction Factor for Seismic Design of
Buildings in Nepal”, MSc Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Tribhuvan
University, Nepal.
ii) Sharifi, Somayeh, Toopchi-Nezhad, Hamid, 2018, “Seismic Response
Modification Factor of RC- Frame Structures Based on Limit State Design”,
International Journal of Civil Engineering.
iii) H. Chaulagain, H. Rodrigues, E. Spacone, R. Guragain, R. Mallik, H. Varum,
2014, “Response Reduction factor of irregular RC buildings in Kathmandu
Valley”, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.
iv) A. Swaminathan, Dr CK Thampan, 2017, “Response Reduction Factor for Steel
Frames”, International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, Volume 8,
Issue 11.
v) V. Inamdar, A. Kumar, 2014, “Pushover Analysis of Complex Steel Frame with
Bracing Using ETABS”, International Journal of Innovative Research and
Development, Vol 3, Issue 8.
vi) D. Das, C.V.R Murty, 2004, “Brick masonry infill in seismic design of RC framed
buildings”, The Indian Concrete Journal.
CODAL REFERENCES:
- fb for various compressive strength of and mortar type (IS: 1905- 1987).

- fmo for various grade of mortar (IS: 1905- 1987)