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notebook March 14, 2020
Learning Target
List the terms below in order from Largest to Smallest
We will describe the structure and function
of the DNA molecule Largest
Human Body
Do Now: Skin
Green Work Book
Cell
Page 175 answer #2 Nucleus
Chromosome
Page 176 answer # 13
Gene
DNA
Look over the review sheet. Bring in molecule
questions to review tomorrow!
Smallest
Remember that there are 46 chromosomes in
EVERY human body cell.
Genes are places on a chromosome that control a specific trait or
ability.
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
Take a guess.. What do you think this is?
Genetic Code
1. Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) Notes:
Nucleic Acid
• Their function is to store information about inherited
traits.
• Each unit (building block) is called a NUCLEOTIDE
• Nucleotides are composed of a Phosphate Group, a
Sugar Group (deoxyribose) and one Nitrogen Base
Is this organic?
Yes it contains Carbon and Hydrogen
Is this a macromolecule?
Yes because it is made of smaller
repeating subunits
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
Notes:
Read Page 94 "Stucture of DNA" and Page 95 "Complext
"Molecule. Complete the graphic organizer using facts from
the TEXT
DNA Review
What is DNA? Describe the structure of DNA
(Function)
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/dna_flash.html A chemical found It looks like a twisted ladder.
in cells that
holds a code
It includes information about the cells growth and function
A
DN
What does DNA stand
Additional Facts
for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
** for at home work use the index find DNA
Twisted Ladder or Double Helix Read page 95 and fill in the correct terms
Notes:
The four nitrogen bases that are found in the
DNA molecule are...
Adenin Guanine
e __________________ _____________________
____________________ ___________________
What do you think the letters stand for?
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
How does the structure of the DNA
molecule help it perform it's function of
storing information?
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
Learning Target
We will describe the structure of the DNA molecule
and how it stores information about hereditary
traits.
Do Now:
1. What macromolecule is shown? Nucleic Acid
2. What is the function of this macromolecule?
It stores information about
Nucleotide
It stores information about inherited traits
inherited traits.
3. Identify the building block.
REGENTS QUESTION
The diagram below represents a portion of a DNA molecule.
The letters represent different types of
(1) sugar molecules (3) enzymes
(2) molecular bases (4) proteins
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
Twisted Ladder or Double Helix
1. The sequence (order) of the nitrogen
bases is used as a code for your genes
(traits)
REGENTS QUESTION
How does the code work?
AATTGGCTCAATTC = Protein for Blue Eyes
GGCTCAATTCTTCA = Protein for Brown Eyes Part of a molecule found in cells is represented below. Which process is most
directly affected by the arrangement of components 1 through 4?
(1) diffusion through cell membranes (3) inherited traits
(2) fertilization of a sex cell (4) increasing the number of cells in an
organism
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
REGENTS QUESTION 2. DNA is a double stranded molecule.
The instructions for the traits of an organism are coded in the
arrangement of
(1) glucose units in carbohydrate
(2) bases in DNA in the nucleus
(3) fat molecules in the cell membrane
(4) energyrich bonds in starch molecules
Can you circle ONE nucleotide?
Notes: 3. Base pairing rules
Twisted Ladder or Double Helix
Adenine Thymine
Cytosine Guanine
Do you see a pattern in the nitrogen bases?
Strand 1 Strand 2
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
What do you notice Think Write Pair Share
about the number of
A's and the numbers A scientist analyzes the bases in a segment of DNA from
of T's? a human skin cell to determine if it codes for a protein.
The base A (Adenine) is 12% of the bases in this
segment of DNA. Calculate the percentage of bases that
would be C. [1] Answer = 38 %
If there is 12 % A then there is 12 % T
24 % of the DNA is AT base pairs
Count the number of Adenines (orange)
Percents add up to 100 so there is 76 % of
Count the number of Thymines (yellow) the DNA made of the CG pairs
76 divided by 2 is 38% C
Can you guess what the DNA is doing?
4. Weak hydrogen bonds connect the bases in
the center.
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
5. The DNA unzips when it needs to replicate Notes:
(copy itself)
• 6. The replication or copying of DNA occurs during
meiosis AND mitosis
• The process begins with the double helix
“unzipping” itself in the middle of the chain.
When would DNA need to make a
http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/replication1.swf
copy of itself?
Notes:
7. Follow the rules of base pairing to draw the
COMPLEMENTARY strand.
DNA
https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/evolution/builddna/
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LE DNA 2020 a.notebook March 14, 2020
The diagram below represents a structure found in most cells. The section
labeled A in the diagram is most likely a
(1) protein composed of folded chains of base subunits
(2) biological catalyst
Regents question (3) part of a gene for a particular trait
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