RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

Real Time Biometrics based Vehicle Security System with GPS and GSM

Technology

S. Thangasamy, et al.

2015

This article focuses on increasing safety, for instance, vehicles with anti-theft

systems. Beepers, latest age doors and windows, security camera, and many more

are usually used as safety features but all these are high-priced products. Thus, this

research provides an attempt to develop a low cost vehicle theft control scheme using

microcontroller and also includes Global System for Mobile (GSM) and Global

Positioning System (GPS) technology. Fingerprint recognition is being known for its

reliability and avoiding unauthorized accesses. The prototype model for the security

system is built using PIC Microcontroller which controls all the processes. Protection

to the vehicle is provided by Engine Control Unit (ECU).

Vehicle protection is limited because of few reasons. One is because of range

or distance of the alarm sound from the car or in case of crowded places and some

vehicle alarms have similarity to others. Another is that alarms can be disabled on

theft attempts. This research defines the interrelated working methodology as system

prototype model.

A recent global statistics on vehicle theft shows that United States have the

most vehicle theft in year 2013.

 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

There are existing security techniques developed throughout the years. An

example is Engine Control Unit (ECU) that is connected to the Info-Security Circuit

Board and sensors inside a vehicle bus. The bus then communicates with other

vehicles, road-side transportation and mobile phones with wireless interfaces. Other

systems include a component specifically in-vehicle engine immobilizer. The

component will not enable the functions if it finds itself illegally moving to another car.

The adverse aspect of this system is that it requires a secure processor and smart

card chips to store in the Group Identification Number. Some advanced system uses

the Global Positioning System (GPS) to track the position of the vehicle and its

existing location that uses global navigation satellite system. The main complication of

using GPS is that the signal can become deteriorated and receiver system is very

limited. It is also inclined by other factors like rainfall, fog and snowfall.

Radio frequency Identification (RFID) is used in Intelligent Computerized anti-

theft system [ICAT] and is used to provide secured access. The restriction here is that

keyless RFID cards can be easily stolen. In addition, key may malfunction on contact

with metallic object. Some systems use Auto cop mechanism which is a video

surveillance solution that can be fitted into the vehicle. The camera will continuously

monitor the actions inside the corresponding vehicle. The main drawback is the

camera will not detect accurately when there are changes in the lighting conditions in

and around the system.

 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

The vehicle security system has the following modules; fingerprint recognition

technique, embedded main board with various components, and human machine

communication module. In fingerprint recognition system, biometrics is used as

mechanism by different characteristics of human. There are various biometric patterns

which include face, iris, fingerprint, DNA, retina, palm print, ear, voice, signature, hand

shape, typing rhythm, and gait. Fingerprint recognition system used is based on

ultrasonic sensors which avoids fake authentication. In embedded system, an alert

message will be sent to the verified person when an unauthorized person tries to turn

on the vehicle. The battery supply is cut during theft attempts while authorized person

will be validated and given access using GPS and ECU which is embedded within the

microcontroller. Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) is the main component of this

system microcontroller that is responsible for all monitoring and generating the inputs

and outputs respectively. The output of the system will be displayed on LCD of SMS

arrival status and configuration. Embedded unit consists of engine control unit (ECU)

determines the ignition timing, monitors the engine and other parameters which

gathers the signal information coming from sensor devices.

In Human-Machine Communication Module, the Global System for Mobile

(GSM) acts as an intermediate between the owner and the system. GSM modems are

most frequently used to provide mobile internet connectivity and many are used for

sending and receiving Short Message Service (SMS). A wireless link is provided

between the owner’s cell phone and Microcontroller Unit (MCU) by Global System for

Mobile (GSM) module. It is similar to dial-up modem.

 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

Nowadays in a world where technology is growing up day by day, progressive

discoveries are conceived. Vehicle usage is being a basic necessity for everyone thus,

aiming the goal of this research to secure vehicle from any unauthorized access, using

fast, easy-to-use, clear, reliable, and economical recognition techniques. Security

system affirms the status of the vehicle to the authoritative person (owner) using

Global System for Mobile (GSM) communication technology. As fingerprint is now

becoming a propitious biometric pattern for identifying a person in terms of both

security and ease of use. Conspiring and assembling a low-cost packed in theft

control system for an automobile which is highly dependable. The research proposed

manifests the phase of an embedded car that will be accessible in the near future

giving the customized vehicles an interesting drive but also safer one.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050915004998