Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
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Concrete Corm
1. Footings; Foundation"
2. Base rail
3. Dulk head
4. Cleats
5. Template
6. Anchor boll
7. Grade nail
8. Form nail
9. Excavation
10. Tie brace
11. Waler ; riband.
12. Stake
13. Brace
14. Wedge; foot block.
15. Spreader
16. Wall form bracing
17. Column form bracing
18. Tie
19. Yoke
20. Column form
21. Wire tie
22. Relnforceinent bars ;
'relnrorcerncnt- 23 Bar supports
24. Tie rod
25. Strut tie
26. Stud
~ 27. Wall
28. Slab form
29. Screed
30. Joist
31. Girder
32. Shore post , 33 .. Sheatlng
Fig. 1.
Cofrajc pentru bcton t. Fundn\le
2. Panou (longitudinal) pl'lnclpal
3. Panou transversal
4. Tachell
5. !;Iablon; gabarlt
6. Bulon de aneorare
7. Cui de repel'
8. Cui de eofraj
9. SlIpllturA
10. Traversll de legAlnril It. Longrlnll de lemn
12. Montant
13. Contravlntulre
14. Panll
15. ,ChlngA - dlstnntlor
16. Contravlntllire cofrn] ncrete
17. Contravlntllire cofrnj stltp
18. Travers II (chlngll)
19. Jug.
20. Cofraj de Sillp
21. Tlrant tie slrmll
22. Armllturl
~3. Suportl de dlstanlA
24. Tlra"t
25. Tl'aversli de lemn
26. Montall
27. Zid
28. Cofrajul pIliI'll
29. Corral sabton de r.hldRre ~O. Grlndll transversata
31. GrlndA 10n~ltudlnRIA
32. Stflp lfiteral. de sprattulre
33. Panou de cofraj
474
o
475
17
, .
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Fig. 2.
Range masonry; coursed masonry"
1. Coping
2. Header
3. Back
4. Backing
5. Quoin
6. Batter
7. Face
8. Stretcher
9. Facing
ZldArle dc platrA lri aslze
1. Coronament
2. Butisll
'3. Parament posterior
4. Zldllrle de umptuturn :
5. Platrll de colt , O. Frucl; Incllnare
7. Parament
8. Bloc a$ezat In lung
9. PLneaj de pialI'll
476
a. Coffering Fnrmwork"
1. Reinforcement
2. Concrete pier
3. Tie rod
t. Wale; wallingS. Forru wan
6. Stirrups
U. Reinforcement
1. Anchor
2. Stirrup of chair
3. Reinforccrncnt
4. Wire tie
5. Bacl{ wall
C. Panel form or ShllUC1··
1. Tic rod
2. Footing
3. Dovetail
4. Plywood
5. Studrlb
6. Vertical waler; Soldier.
7. Wall
8. Clamp bracket; clamp bearing platc·
Fig. 3.
a. Cofraje
1. Arrnaturt
2. Pita de beton :!. oentura
4. 'rruvcrsn
,. P:100ll de corral 6. Elderl
U. Armiitllri
1. Ancornj
2. Ell'ler
3. Armilt:lrii
4. Lcgiilllrii de sinni'.
5. Zid postcrior
c. Panou de eofraj
1. Tirant
2. Fuudatle
3. HenurA (In coada de rindunlell)
4. Plaea] (de lcmn)
5. Grlnzil;oRrll de Intllrlre G. Montant
7. Per ete
8. Plnca ell elnme
'_6
G
Fig. 4.
Sapaturi sprijinite
1. Groapa excavata
2. Dulap strnplu ~I I>prnlt in teren
tare
3. Perete de 0 c1irAmldll
4. Stmt de htdrolzolatle
5. Strat de beton acoperltor
6. Bcton In rundatte
7. Pilmint vegetal Indepnrtnt ; tmptetrulre
Fig. 5.
Sapaturi cu sprijinirl
I. PAmint
2. Fundul gropll
3. Spralt
4. Dulap de sprtjtntrc
5. Zid de 0 cllrAmldA
6. Strat de ntdrotxotnue
7. Dulap de repnruznre
Timbering trenches
1. Excavated trench
2. Single poling boards and struts In
firm ground
3. 9" wall
4. D.P.C. (damp proof courses) :;. Concrete surrace layer
6. Foundation concrete
7. Top soil removed: hnrd corc
'Timbering trenches I. Earth
2. Bottom of trench
3. Strut
4. Poling board
5. 9" wall
6. D.P.C. (damp prool course) r, Waling
478
479
Timbering in loose ground
1. Trench bottom trimmed
2. Wallngs supporting poling boards
3. Poling boards driven down as excavation proceeds
4. Incomplete excavntlon
Fig. O.
Sprijinire ill piimillt neeeezlv
1. Fundul nlvelat al gropl1
2. Dulnpi de sustlnere a sctndurnor de sprljlnlre
3. Dulapl bAtuti pe masurn innlnlAl"i1 excavattet
01. Sr,pilll1r,l Incompl<'lil
o
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31 - Dictlcnnr Ilustrat de con~ll'lIcllI, cnglez-roman, cdn, 215
Fig. 7.
Timbcrlng for trcnches In loose earth
Sprljlniri la sllplUurl in plimint afinat
a. Poz it la Rprijinirilor
b. Secllune prtn sltpllturA
1. F'undattl de beton
2. Nlvelul terenului
3. Dulap de repar ttz are
4. DuLapi de sprljinlre joantlvi
5. Sprait
6. Platformil
a. Position of timbering
b. Section through trench
1. Concrete foundation
2. Ground level
3. Waling
4. Poling boards close jointed
5. Strut
6. Platform
482
o
483
iJ
b
Jr'
Footings Cor one and half brick wall
1. Foundation concrete
2. D.P.C. (damp proof course)
Section through square pile
1. Bar
2. Binder
3. Separating forles In pairs
Detail of shoe of pile
1. Bar
2. Blnder-
3. Metal shoe
Fig. 8.
Flllidatii pentru un zid de 11/2 caramidii
1. Beton de lunda lie
2. srat de hldrolzola\lc
Fig. 9.
Sectlune prfntr-un pilot patrat
1. SarA
2. Etrler
3. Furci de dLstantnre til pcrcch 1
Fig. 10.
Detaliu 101 sabotul plletutu!
1. Durli
2. Etrler
3. So\)ot metnlte
484
'I '~
o
485
Ashlar masonry
1. Brick backlnp
2. Masonry lacing
3. Rubble backing
4. Concrete backing
5. Masonry header
6. Masonry stretcher
7. Dovelailed header anel stretcher
Fig. 11.
Zidarie de piatra de taUe
1. trrnptutura cu cl\rilmlzl
2. Parament de plalrl\
3. trrnptutura cu moloane
4. Umplulun1 cu bcton
5. Butlsa de platril
Ii. Dloe cu fala lungn
7. Butise Imblnate in condn de rindunlca
486
o
487
2
Beam foundation on reinforced concrete bearing piles
1. R.C. pile
2,5. Bars
3. Wall
4. Spacing bar
6. D.P.C. (damp proof course)
7. Asphalt
8. Pavement
Con!ltruction at base of wall
1. Concrete foundation under stan-
chion
2. Stanchion base
3. Stanchion
4. Concrete beam supporting walls
between stanchions
5. Wall
6. Cavity
7. Duct
8. Duct cover
9. Hardcore
10. Concretc s'lnb
11. Ground floor
12. Tiles
Fig. 12.
Funda*ie de grinda ue pilo*i portanti de beton arm at
1. Pilot de beton annat 2, 5. Bare
3. Zid
4. Dlstantter'
6. Strat de hldrolzolatte
7. Aslalt
8. Trotuar
Fig. 13.
Constructlo IlL baza zidului
1. F'unda\ie de betou sub SLllp
2. Baza sttlpulut
3. Stllp
4. Grlndl\ de beton care sustlne zt-
durtle dlntre sUlpl
5. Zid
6. Gol
7. canal
8. Acoperirca canalulul
9. Blocaj
10. Placli de beton
11. PardosealA parter
12. Dale
488
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Reinforced wall
1. Toe of retaining wall
2. Heel of retaining wall
3. Brlckworlt underpinning
4. Brfckwork on heel of retaining
wall
5. Existing concrete
6. Existing wall
7. Grillage
concrete
retaining
8. Sheet lead seal
9. Stanehlon
10. Floor level
Fig. 14.
Zid de sprijin de bcton armat
1. Plcloru! zldulul de sprljln
2. Plclorul amonte al zldulul >
3. Zldllrle de subzldlre
4. Zidarie Ia plclorul am on to al zt-
dulul
5. Beton existent
6. Zid existent
7. GrAtar de repartizare a prestunt-
lor
8. tzotatte cu Coale de plumb
9. SUlp
10. Nlvelul pardoselll
490
o
491
...... ~
Damp-proof courses
1. Bituminous metallc fclt
2. Ground revet
3. Concrete foundation
4. Floor boards
5. Wood fillets
6. Top layer of concrete
7. Concrete surface layer O. Hardcore
Damp proofing basement floor
1. Conerele foundation
2. Concrete sial>
3. D.P.C. (damp proof course)
4. Cement screed
5. Basement flOOI' R. Ground floor
7. Filler joist floor
R. Filler
9. Joist
10. Wall
11. Vertical D.P.C.
12. Earth
13. Wall
Fig. 15.
Straturi de hidroizola~ie
1. Hldrotzolatte din fO:lle de carton
bltumat eu inserttc de metal
2. Nlvelul terenulut
3. Funda~le de beton
4. Sclndurl de pardoseala
5. Grlnzl~oare de lemn
6. Strat superior de beton
7. Strat de belon peste blocaJ O. U10caj de platrl\
Fig. 16.
Hidroizolarea until subsol
1. Fundallc ric ncton
2. PI ncl\ de beton
3. Hldrolz"la\lc
4. Strat ntvetntor de ctnu-nt
5. Subsol
6. Parter
7. Planseu metnlie Cll rlale de beton.
O. Dale de umptutura
9. Grlndl\ metailcl\ .
10. Zid
11. Strnt vertical dc hldrolzolnlle
12. PAmlnt
13. Zid
492
493
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Section through base of cavity wall
1. Ground level
2. Concrete floor slab 3.D.P.C.
4. Floor
5. Cavity
6. Wall tic
7. Detail of galvanized Iron wall tic
Bottom of opening in a eavity wall fitted with metal window frame
1. Stretching face bond
2. Wall tic
3. Plaster
4. Hopes cavlty frame
5. Glazing
6. Window board
7. Meta,1 slll
8. Stone sill
Fig. 17.
Secfiune prin baza unui zld eu goluri
1. NlveJul terenulul
2. DaHl de planseu de bcton
3. Stmt de hldrolzolalle
4. PardosealA
5. Gol
6. AncorA de pcrcu
7. Detnltu de ancora de perett din fler galvanlzat
Fig. 18.
Partea inferioara a unul gol intr-un zid cu goluri, in care este montat un cadru metallc de fcreastra
1. ZidArle de ciirllmldll
2. Ancora de perctt
3. Tencutata
4. Cadru de obturare n golulul de
ztd
5. Geamurl montate
6. Gill! de ferenstrll
7. Prag metallc
8. Solbanc de platrii
495
English bond brlck walls
a. 1'/. brick wall
b. Two brlc1e wall
1. Two brklt wall
2. Toothlng
3. Clean stopped end f. Queen closer
5. 1 1/2 brick wall
Brick piers in English bond
c. 9" pler
d. 13'12" .pler
o
Fig. 19.
LegAturi Ia sisternul englez de zldarie de ciirarnidii
a, Zid de 0 cilrilmldil !;OI jumillale b. Zid de doun cArilmlzl
1. Ztd de doua cilrilmlzl
2. Strepl de legAturii
3. Capilt neted de zld
4 .• Tumiltate de cilrilmldil cloplltil In
lung
5. Zid de 0 eilrilmldil ~I jumillate
Stilpi de cariirnhlii in sis tern de Icgaturii cnglcz1t
c. Stilp de 0 ellriimldll
d. Stilp de 1 1/2 cllrAmldi\
n .,'j I _. ~ r~ 4
f l, 'I
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32 - Dlc\ionar lIu~trnt de construclll, cnglcz-romlln, cdn, '2.15
Intersecting brick walls
1. Junction wall
2. Toothlng Into main wall
3. Check for frame
4. King closers
5. Reveal for window or doorway
English bond
1. Acute squint quoin
2. Sharp angle splayed off
3. Obtuse squint quoin
Fig. 20.
Intersec,1l de ziduri de cArlmldi
1151. Zld de legliturli (secundar)
2. Imbucare tn zldul principal
3. Glaf retras pentru toe
4. CArAmlzl clopllte In formA de trapez
5. Ancndrament pentru Iereastra sau portal (u~A)
Fig. 21.
Sistem engtez de legAturl t. Colt tn unghl asclI\lt
2. Unghl sseu\lt t~lt
3. Col\! In unghl obtuz
498
()
499
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Ilr _"
:·.1 ',"
'"
t·'':!·'~l. ltV·} .,;: -: '., ;. ,I,·
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Fig. ,22.
Construction of chimney stack above a flat roof
Constructla cosulu! deasupra unu] acoperlll plat
1. Line of flue
2. Chimney breast
3. Trimmer
4. Roofs joists
5. Fclt
6. Asphalt
7. Flashing
8. Brick corbelling
9. Wall plate
10. Stone coping
11. Wall end to coping
12. Chimney stack above roof
13. Flues
14. Chimney pots
15. Cement hnunching
I. Llnla cnnalulul de fum
2. Perellljzldul cosurut
3. Jug
4. Grlnzllc acoperl~ulul
5. Impl8llturA
6. Asfalt
7. Pazla hklrolzolntlel
8. consoia din cArAmlzl
9. CosoroabA
10. CopcrtinA dc platrA
11. Caplltul ztdutut Is copcrtinA
12. Co~ul deasupra acoperlsutut
13. Canale de fum
14. Caclula de cos
15. tngro~nre cu mortar de clment
500
o
501
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, I
"
o
502
Fig. 23.
Plan,ee do lemn la parter
1. Fundatll de beton
2. Nlvelul terenutut
3. Blocaj
4. Strat de beton
5. Perete de 0 cArAlnldA
6. Scindurl de planseu
7. Strat de hldrolzola~le
8. Grlnzl de plansee
9. CosoroabA
10. SUlpl de eArAmldA ascznte la Intervale
11. Aerlslre
Timber ground floors
1. Concrete foundations
2. Ground level
3. Hardcore
4. Concrete surface layer
5. 9·' wall
6. Floor boards
7. D.P.C.
8. Timber JHoor jOists
9. Timber bearer
10. Brick piers placed at Intervals
11. Air ventilation
8
Fig. 24.
Floors with herring-bone strutting
Plansee cu contravinturi in cruce
1. Herrlng-bunc strutting
2. Joists
3. Floor boards
4. Return wall
5. Reln[orced concrete IIntolo'lintel
6. Angle section supporting arch
7. Soldier arch
8. Reveal
1. Contravlntulre In cruce
2. GrlndulalA
3. Scindurl de planseu
4. AripA de perete
5. Bulandrug de beton arrnat
6. CornlerA de sustlnere a areulul de cArAmldA
7. Arc din cllrllmlzl In plcloare
8. Ancadrament
Wood block flooring
1. Hardwood blocks bcdded on mas-
tic
2. Skirting
3. Plaster
4. D.P.C. (damp proof COurse)
Precast .. Truscon" floor
1. Precast unit
2. Contlnuity bars
3. Fine concrete
f. Fine concrete screed
5. floor battens
6. Floor boards
7. Rolled steel beam
8. Concrete casing
Section through reinforced concrete floor slab
1. 7" Slab
2. Beam casing; 2- Rolled stcel shape
3. 13 1/2" Wall
4. Longitudinal bars S. Diagram for bars
o
Fig. 25.
Pardoseali de lemn de esenJi tare
1. Calupurl de lernn a~ezatc pe mas-
tic de bltum
2. PUntA
3. TenculalA
4. Strat de hldrolzolatle
Fig. 26.
.
Plan,eu prcfabrleat "Trllscon"
1. Element prefabrlcat
2. Bare de legAturll
3. Beton cu agregate mArlinte
4. Strat nlvelator de beton cu agrc-
gate mllrunte
5. Grlnzl$oare de pardosenHI.
6. Sclndurl de pardosealA
7. Profll lamlnat
8. 1mbrllcllmlnte (acoperlre) de belon
Fig. 27.
Sectfune prin placa plan,eului de beton armat
I. Placa plan$eulul
2. Montura (sectlunea] IIrI02:II: nrorn
lamlnat 2-
3. Perete de 0 cllrllmldA $1 jumlilate
4. Bare longltudlnale
S. Extras de armlitllrll; DI1'grama baretor
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- ----..~ ~., ............ - -_
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Sketch of reinforcement· at wall end of floor
1. Floor slab
2. Longitudinal bars
3. Recess In brickwork
4. Floor boards on battens
5. Floor clips
Insulation of timber floor
I. Joists
2. Lath and plaster or fibre board
3. Felt blanket
4. Fibre board
5. Floor boards
Window openings
1. Check for frame
2. Reveal
3. Stone sill
4. Groove for water-bar
5. Return end of sill
6. Throatlng
Fig. 28.
Sehi~a armArU plan,eulul la eapitul spre perete
1. Placa planseutut
2. Bare longltudlnale
3. AdlnclturA In zldAl'le
4. Sclndllrl de pardosealA pe grlnzl~oare
5. AgrafA de pardosealA
Fig. 29.
Izolarea plan,eelor de lemn
1. Grlnzl
2. :;llpcl "I tenculata " sau placA fibro-
lemnoasA
3. Strat de ImpIsliturA
4. PlacA fibrolemnoasil
5. Scindurl de pardosealA
Fig. 30.
Goluri pentru terestre
1. Glaf pentru tocul fercstrel
2. Aneartrament (gIaf)
3. Sol bane de platrA
4. Fait pentru oprlrea apeI
5. CapAt Intors al soIbanculul
6. LAcrlmar
506
o
507
.'
, t~
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Fig. 31.
508 Ii(
------------------------------------------------~~
a. Semi-circular axed brick facing arch
1. Half elevation of external axed brick arch
2. Half elevation of Internal rough
brick arch In two rings a, Center
4. Span
5. Springing line
6. Arch
7. Soffit of external arch
a. Arc in plin clntru din carlimidA de {aladA
1. JumAtate de elevatle a areulul exterlor de cArAmldi\
2. Jumlltate de elevatle a arcutut Interior din cArAmldA brutll In doua Inele
3. Centrul areulul
4. Deschldere
5. Llnla nasterlt n. Arc
7. Intradosul arcutul exterior
h. Sketch through arch
b. Vederc pcrspectlvA prin arc
1 Axed facing arch
2. Rough brick arch built In two brick rings
3. Reveal
1. Arc de parament centrat
2. Arc din cArAmlzl brute asezate In douA lucie
3. Ancadrament
Fig. 32.
Elevation of semi-circular arch in stone
Elcvalia unui arc in plin clntru de platra
1. ZldArie de cllrl1mldll aparentll In
slstem flamand
2. Deschldere
3. Centru
4. Intrados
5. SUlp de colt
6. Na!j\terea bol\U
7. Boltar
8. Chele; bol\ar de chele
9. Bandou
10. PlatrA de taUe II. Re;}zem orlzontal
12. Hebord; curba rei>ordulul
1. Brickwork in Flemish bond 2.0pcnlng
3. Centre
4. Soffit
5. Jamb stone
6. Springer
7. Arch stone
8. Key stone
9. String course
10. Ashlar
11. Horizontal seating
12. Line of rebate
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Steel-framed structures
Sketch of stanchion showing connections
I. RolJed steel shaped stanchion
2. Rolled steel shaped
3. Cleats
Timber roofs
I. Rafters
2. Alternative method of jointing'
3. Battens
4. Rafters
5. Wall plate
6. Rafters project I foot to form
eaves
7. Tilting fillet
8. Fascia board
9. agee gutter
10 .•• Counters" slatting centre natled 11. Close boarding
Fig. 33.
Structuri din cadre de oJel
Schl\A de stllp cu expunerea ImblnArlior
I. Stllp din profile laminate
2. Profll lamlnat
3. EcUse de asamblare
Fig. 34.
Acoperl,uri de lemn
1. CAprlorl
2. MetodA alternatlvd de Imblnare
3. l;llpcl
4. CApriorl
5. Cosoroabii
6. CAprlorl ICljIU In Marll pentru R
forma streastnn
7. Sort de tablA
8. Pazle
9 Jgheab cu prom
10. PIAci de ardczle "counters" blltute In cruce Ia mljloc
11. AsterealA (cu setndurt nIAlllral!')
510
-t-
1
o
2
'r
Rcinforcc(l concrete roof
1. Surface of reinforced concrete
stanchion flush with wall
2. Concrete roof beam :1. Bars
4. Steel reinforcement bars In rooC
slab
5. Mastic asphalt In two layers
6. Floor slab
7. Lead fI ash i nzs
O. Helnforced concrete front beam
9. Cement screed laid to fall
10. Stone coping
Fig. 35.
AcoPCrlli de betnn armat
1. ~'ala stlIpulul de beton armat In
acetast nlvel cu zldul
2. Grlnda de bnton a acopertsutul
3. Bare de armAturll •
4. Bare de otet pentru armnrea pIrI-
cll acoperlsutut
;. Mastic de asfalt In doud straturi
6. Plaea planseutul
7. Sort de tnblA de plumb
8. Grlndil de beton armnt din fn\1\
9. Stmt de elment de ntvetaro usezat in pantA
10. Copertlna de plntrA
5113
33 - Dictional' Itustrnt de construcul, cngtcz-roman, cda, 215
Masonry construction
1. Elevation of. external door
2. Pavement
3. Glazed panel
4. Arch joints In heat!
5. Lead covering
G. Door frame ·T. Dwarf wall
Section through doorway
n. Concl'..:!le base
9. Concrete
10. Duel
11. j,'loor
1 J. 31{irllng ir. Lining
H. Architrave
15. !lolled steel shape iii. ],~.:tl'C or pl,:l'
Construction of stone head, course and cornice
I. Rolled steel joi"l and plnte 2. Head course
J. Hook bolt and pin in juint
4. Cor nlce
5. Plaster
6. Sklrtlnl!
7. Floor
n. Inside race of pier under floor
Flg.3G.
Construcfii de zidAric
1. Elevalla u~1I exterlonre
2. '1'rotua1'
3. 'l'ublle eu geam
4. Legdturl ule arculut eu traversa superloara a toeulul
5. Aeoperl~ de tabUI de plumb In copertlna
n. 'rocul ustt 7. Zid pltte
Scc~htnc pl'in portal
8. FlIndnlil! de belon
9. !Jcton
10. Canal
11. Pal'do~('ali,
12. PUntli
13. Cllptu~ealll
14. Arhltrnvll
15. Profll de otet lomlnllt
16. I"a\a stllplilul
Fig. 37.
Construcfia Ilntoulul, a briulul (1e butise !;Ii a cornl~cl de piutra
1. Grlnda din prom I !1l pined
2. Rlnd/brlu de buttse
J. Bulon de cirllg ~I ~lIft In rost 4. Co1'nll1d
s, 'l'eneuLali\
6. PJlntli
7. Pnrdoseolll
8. Fala Inte1'lonrA n sllJpulul dc sub ptanseu
514
515
33'
Three panelled door
I. Door frame
2. Archttrave ulock
3. Architrave
4. Top of dOOI' frame fastened to joists
5. j;'rame head
6. Single senon in top rail
7. Top panel
8. Stile
9. Hinge
10. Tenon at top or muntin
11. Double tenon in loci, rail
12. ROU3h ground
13. FloOI' boards
14. Tiled floor
15. Tiled dado
16. Pln~ter
)'1. Plaster covlrig
18. Parlilion blocks
19. Partition slabs
20. Ceiling Jotsts
21. Lath and plnster ceiling
Fig. 38.
U~ii. cu trei tiblU
1. Toeul u~ll
2. Bloc I soetu de arhltravA
3. Arnursva
4. Caplitul de sus at tocuiut usll f1xat de grlnzl
5. Traversa de sus II tocutut
G. Irnblnare cu eep stmplu la tra-
versa de sus II rarnel
7. Tllblla de sus
D. Lahlm ramell toculul u~JI I'. Bnlamn
10. Cep la eapatu] de sus :II rlglel cen Ira 1 c (a U~Il)
II. Imblnal'e eu cep dublu a rlglel
broa~tei
12. Netezlre I nlvelare groslera
13. Seindurl de pardollealll
14. Pardosealll lInlnta
15. soctn de perete pia cat
16. TenculaJA
17. scara de Ipsos
18. Blocurl despilrlltonre
19. Dale de pereu desplirlltolll'C
20. Grlnzl de tavan
21. Tavan de slpc] $1 tcnculnlll (de lpsos) uscata
516
,0
'517
518
Construction of stairs ut Iandings
Plan
1. Down trends
2. Up treads
3. Landing
4. Post
5. Handrail
6. Well
Sectioll
7. Plaster sofilt
o. Rolled steel shape
9. Flat
10. Terrazzo
11. Plaster
Ruinwater discharge into rainwater head
I. Raiflwater head
2. Rainwater pipe
3. Lead pipe burned 10 lining 01
cesspit
4. Lead lined cesspit
5. Lead flashing
6. Tiles
7. Cement fillet
R. Brick on edge coping 9. Asphalt
Fig. 39.
Censtrucflu scarllor la podeste
Plan
1. Trepte de BearA coborttonre
2. Trepte de selll·A urcatoare
3. Podest de scar;'
4. Montant·
5. Min;' curentA
G. Casa scartt (dlstanla tntrc arlplle seArl!)
Secllune
7. Intrados tencult
8. Prom I (de olel)
9. PlatbandA de otet
10. Terrazzo (elment mozalcat)
11. TenculaUI
Fig. 40.
Scurgcrca auel de ploaic in dl.zanclul de burtan
1. CilzAnel de burlan
2. Durlan de scurgcro
3. Teav1\ de plumb Iipll;' la nlvclul
baset
4. Da~a eilptu~it1l cu tabl1l de plumb
5. Sor] de tablA de plumb
6. Lespezl
7. Guier (duslnii) de elmcnt
o. Copertlnll de cllrllmldil pc much Ie 9. Asfalt
()
519
I I
I f
~.------- -
6
Plan
Elevation of stc 1
e ruot
,I,' CIC:ltS
... PICI'
:I. Slone
4. CCiIlngltj!1l\ pl:11 c
5. Purlin olsts
6. Boardl .,
7. Rartersno
8. Ridge b
9. Eave oards
10. GU~s~t
Fig. 41.
Elevajla .
unei term
I. Ecllse C dc otel
~. SUlp de asamblare
· Rcazcm d
~. Grlnzlle I C pial 1".1
· PanA avanutul
~. Asterealll
8' gaprlOri
O. ulapl de
10' GStrea~lna coarna
· useu
truss
Durm .
cr window
1 T I
.,' Tl' mmcr
3: P~~ tenon
~. Batlpll
6' ~a~Ping 7' usk ten
o. Flrrlng p~n jOint
. Trlmml eces
O. Trlmm~g ratter
10. Slate b - rafters
11. Count atlens
12 .. Joist ers states
13 s
14' Boarding
15' Lead roll
. Post
16. Sill
17. Le.1d
apron
Fig. ·12.
Lucarna
1. Jug
2. Cep eu
3. Montantprag ~. grlnzil;oare
. rinda t· .
~. Imblnareunsversalil
0: g~ilaj de ~~e~ep ,,1 prRIl
9 prior d pentru t
10' ~fprlorl pell"ln~ .lullul encututa
II' P pel pentr nst III Jug
. Iilel d u prtns .
12. Grlnz' e ardczle plaeltc
13. Ast .1 "countcrs"
14. Tab~~~llil .
15. Mont plumbuitii
16. Glal ant
17. 501'\ de
tabU, de 1)1 umb
~;r';--
520
! ~~.'
, ~.
, _.
, .. ~
" ,' ..
, i
~ J ..
"
I. , I
"
---------------------------- ---------------
Window openings
1. Timber centre fur stone arch
2. Timber cen Ire for brick arch
3. Opeulug
4. Springing Iine
5. Tie
6. Prop
7. Radius rod
3. Springing stones
9. Stoncs rcsung on [olding wedges
10. Lngglngs placed to sustuln wedges
11. Folding wedges
12. Struts
13. Lngglngs
Windows
J. Stone head
2. Reinforced eonen:lc Iintol
3. Folding wedges
4. Head
5. Sash top hinged
6. Glazing
7. Sash to open outwards
8. Transome
9. Sash removed
10. Frame
11. End of wood sill
12. Stone slJl
Fig. 43.
Goluri pentru ferestre
1. Clntru 'de lemn pentru arce de plalrA
2. Cintru de lemn pentru arce de
carllmldA
3. Deschldere
4. Linin nastertt
5. MoazA
6. Pop
7. TIjIl radlalil
8. Bollarl de nastero
9. Boljart rezemau pc pene biHutE una clltre alta
10. Manta (cAptu~eaJli aseznta pcntru
a susune penele)
11. Pene blltute una cAtre HIla
12. Contrafise
13. Manta (de dulnpl sau sclndurtj
Fig. H.
Ferestre
1. Llntou de plmrt,
2. Butartdrug de beton nrrnut
3. Pcnc bAtute una catre atta
4. Traversll superloara a tocutut te-
restrel
5. Cercevea de sus articulata
6. Geamurl montate
7. Cercevea eu deschldcre In extcrlor
8. TraversA
9. Cereevea scoasa
10. RamA
11. CapAtlll solbancutut de lomn
12. Solb:mc de platrll
522
l!,.:
~'
~JI ' :
1 ;'"i
I
"
Detail of reinforcement connectlon between beam and column
1. Span
2. Wall lace
3. Bars
4. Bindings
5. Section through column above floor level
6. Section through beam
7. Scction through column
Parquet floor
1. Herringbone parquet
2. Plaitcd parquet
3. Simpie panel parquet
4. Plaited panel parquet
Fig. 45.
Detaliu de asamblare a armaturilor grlnzii cu armatul'ile sUIpului
1. ncsctuucre
2. Fata poretclul
3. Dare de arrnaturn
4. Etrlerl
5. secjtune prln stllp dcasuprn nlvclului ptanseulut
G. SccUune prln grind II 7. Secllune prin stlJp
Fig. 46.
Parchet (pardoseala parchetata)
1. Parehel In spie slrnptu
2. Parchel Implctlt
:I. Parchot In ctrnpurt stmple 4, Parchet In elm purl Implctit
524
o
525
2
.\
Dormer window
Larmier
Fig. 47.
Luearna
Fig. 48.
Lacrimar
5211
527
!t21l
'files
Fig. 49.
Tigle
Columns
Fig. 50.
Coloane
Order of columns
Orcline de cotoane
a, Composite order b. Corinthian order e. Ionic order
d. Doric order
e. Tuscnne order
n, Ordlnul compoztt
b. corlnllc
c. Ionic
d, doric
e. toscan
\.:_)
Arch
a. roman arch
b. rampant arch
c. raised arch
d. three-foiled I threefolded
e. Tudor arch
f. elliptical arch
g. horseshoe arch
h. lancet arch I. douclne nrch
Flg.5l.
Arc
a. arc In pltn clntru
b. arc rampant I ascendent
c. .. lanceolat
d. trnobat
c. Tudot·
f... ellptlc
g. .. In potcoava
h. " Ianocotnt 1. •• In dustna
530
531
o
e
f
a
d
9
34·
Various types of arches
Fig. 52.
Diverse tip uri de arcr
532
o
533
d
.#~\
- __ .~,!/" '>\ \
.( .' \ \
-- ,---/ .
e
- /,/_L~' <\ /!'~--
.: '.:' ':'_-~-_\J::
... "
~. t r . ,
',. -,
, ~
c
.' -~r
-~~-:/ .
:::~ Jo;~~ . "f
l..!._.~) • .~/-
l!t I '._
. __ , : -- - \-
--, r I ~
a. Two centered arch
1. Blunt or drop arch
2. Equilateral arch
3. Acute or lancet arch
b. Basket handle arch or three ccn-
tered arch
c. Four centered arch
d. Flat arch [ack or platband arch
e. Two cuspect arch
f. Corbeled arch
n. Arc cu doun centre
1. Arc turt! t
2. Arc ecnuaterat
3. Arc oglvnl suprnlni'll\at·
b. Arc tn miner de CO'$ (arc eu trel
centre)
c. Arc cu patru centrc (nr,c 'l.'udQr)
d. Arc plat
e. Arc trttobat
f. Arc In oglvi\
1. Brick arch
2. stone arch
Fig. 53.
1. Arc de cil'amida
2. Arc de platrl1
a. Segmental arch
b. Tudor arch
c. Pointed arch (gothic arch)
d. Flat arch (platband arch)
e. EIHptlCc~1 arch
f. S"llIlcirclllar arch
a. Arc din segmente
b. Arc Tudor
c. Arc ogtval (go tic)
d. Arc plat
c. Arc ellptic
r. Arc in pHn clntru
d. Parts of an arch
1. Span
2. Springing line
3. Skewback springer
4. Intrados; soffit
5. Keystone
6. Rise
7. Spandrel
8. Haunch
9. Vertical abutment
10. Extrados or back
11. Voussolr
12. Crown·-keystone
b. Voussoir arch
1. Springing Une
2. Backing
3. Springer
4. Intrados; soffit
5. Keystone
6. Rise
7. Spandrel
8. Haunch
9. Vertical abutment
Entablature; entablcmcnt
Fig. 54.
a. Elcmcntele unui arc (unei bol~i)
1. Deschiderea
2. Llnia na~teri1
3. Na.;tere 4.lntmdos
5. Cheia (bolturut de chele)
6. Sligeata
7. Tlmpan
8. Corpul arculut
9. Cuzlnet
10. Extrados
11. Boltar
12. Chele
b. Arc din boltari
1. Llnla nasrerlt
2. Zldllrle de umpllltura
3. Doltar de nastcro
4. Intrados
5. Chela (boltarut de chele)
6. Sligenta
7. Timpan
8. Corpul arcului
9. Cuzlnet
Fig. 55.
Antablamcnt
534
'0
535
t..n
o
006
537
Frame (of a door)
Fig. 56.
Ancadramcnt (de u~ll)
Acanthus
Fig. 57.
Acanta
Architrave
Fig. 58.
Arhitrava
Flute; fluting
Fig. 59.
Canelurll.
Base of column
Fig. 60.
Bazi!. a coloanci
538
o
539
~: ---=
" =,
~
.L.-.L..l.. . .. -.--~-- --------------
Atlas
Apse
Fig. 61.
Absi(la
Fig. 62.
Atlant
540
()
541
." ,
o
543
542
Fig. 63.
Statule pe acrotera
Acrot£r - statue
Fig. 61.
Impostll (diferite tipuri)
Impost (several types)
, . ,
,
L .. _.
, . , ,
:
,
I
.... ---- ....
i
L ':_
Fig. 65.
Hyperbolic paraboloid roofs In Aeoperi~url in forma de paraboshell concrete loid hiperbolie din pinze subJlrJ de beton arm at.
544
Fig. 66.
Polygonal dome in shell concrete Cupola poligonala din pinza subtire de bcton armat
Fig. 67.
Vault: gothic vault(ing)
Boltil gotica
Fig. 68.
Capitel
Capitel compozit
Capital Composite capital
1111111111
35 - Dlctlorrar Ilustrat de consu-ucjn, cngtcz-roman, cda. 215
Corinthian capital
Fig. 69.
Capitel corintic
Capitel of a pillar
Fig. 70.
Capitelul unul still)
35'
Volute
Fig. 71.
Voilltl'l.
550
Porch
Fig. 73.
Portic
I .
Fig. 73.
Porch
I>ortic
550
-
55.1
Acanthus leaf
Fig. 74.
Frunza de aeantii
r! , \, "",'
Crochet (early gothic crochet)
Fig. 80.
Crosct (croset ,otic tlmpur!u)
Fig. 81.
Cariatlda
Balustrade
Fig. 82.
BalustradA
556
Gallery
Fig. 83.
Galcrie
Crcncl(c)
Fig. 84.
Crcncl
558
o
559
Fig. 85.
Profile de o~el lamina'
1. Prom I minim ~I maxim
2. P.rolll U minim ~I maxim
3. Otel cornier cu arlpl egale
Inegate
4. Prom T standaro 1$1 special
5. Prom I cu talpA IArgitA
6. Prom 40' BF 234 (maxim)
Fig. 86.
Construejle in formlL de dinU de (crastrlLu cu stilpi ingustnU jos sudate in hangul lnlmil
1. Geam
2. Azbest
3. TollI 5'Xl/2"
4. InimA 1/2"
5. Prom I 10'X5"
6. ProfU I 8'XS" secuonat In dlagonalil pcntru a forma sUipU
7. Prom U 4"XZ"
560
Rolled steel sections
1. srnanest and largest rolled steel joist
2. Smallest and Largest rolled steel
channel
3. Equal and unequal angle t. Standard and spectal Tee
S. O' broad flange (BF); Beam 43,6" 6. 40' BF Beam 234' (largest BF)
North-light construction with tapered stanchions, welded along the webs
1. Glass
2. Asbestos
3. Flange 5'Xl/2'
4. 1/2' web
5. RSJ lO'XS'
6. RSJ 8'X5' cut diagonally to form tapered stanchions
7. RSC 4'X2'
sl
o
561
"/2 ., ,.
t .. j
:I[J7"
t"'--~-----~ ~--
--._--P-i
= "'I [J
l_- ?2___;'-e___' .-----l
6
36 - tncttonnr Ilustrnt de construcut, cl1glcz-l'omiin. cd a , 215
(
- _. - . .__ ---_ .. _-_- -.~--------.-------------
Pillars in reinrorced brickwork
Fig. 117.
Stilpi din zidiil'le de ciirAmida armata
I. C:irlimldii cu ~lI~url 2. Legftturil de sirmil J. Bare de 1/2"
1. Il:lre 1/2' ~I 3/4"
1. siouee brrcks
2. Wire tie
3. 1/2" dLameter bars
4. 1/2' and 3/4" diameter bars
Fig. 88.
Scction of a small house projcct showing methods of insulation. ventilation and heating (Including insolation)
Seejlune (lintr-un proleet de casli mlcli cu indicarca metodelor de izola~lI, vcntllare Ili InclUzlre prln radiatie solarll
I. Aluminum foil Insutat lon
2. MineraI wool Insutnttnn
3. Insulating plaster
4. RadianL heat
5. Reflected heat G. Solar heat
7. Ventilation
fl. nouule glm~llI~
1. rzoiaue din folie de nlumlnlu
2. Jzola\le din vata mlncralll
3. Tcnculalft lzolatoarc
4. Ciildur:i rndlantll
5. Cilidurli rc[(cctatll G. Cilidura solnrrl
7. Vcnt llntte
:!. vurnro duhl"
562
o
.. '
563
-_ .. _---------
36·
--------_._----
Fig. 89.
Tholobatc
Tambur al cupolel
Fig. 90.
Tower
Turn
564
565
:\
I I
, , ,
I I I I I I
/ ,/
/ .': ~T~r1I·"tr-nrnrTTT..._.j
,
\
\
,
\ , ,
"
Kiosk
Campanile
l<'ig. 91.
Chio~c
Fig. 92.
Campanilii
5(16
• • • 'J" .......... ~ ~. I' .' • ,
o
Caterllillar mounted guidet bucket excavator'
1. Bucket ctiain adjustcL' placement
2. Hu("kd chain ~. DoolII- Jill"
4. l3uckct Jaddcl'
5. Pinion eng,aging on wheel
H. Counterbalancc; countcrwctgtu-
7. Loading hopper
8. Hall car
9. Crawler track
10. Idlc spockct of bucket arm
c
Fig. 93.
Excavator cu cupe moutat ne ~enile
1. PU1.i\ia dispOl.lllvulul de Inllnde,'c
(1 lnntulul ell cupe
2. Lun], Cll cupe a. UrR~
,1. Ellnd;'
5. Plnlun de '"lgrcm.rc pe roalii u, Contragrclllale
7. Pilnle de 111ciircal'c n. Vngonet
9. scnuc
10. 'rnmour de Intoarcere n cllnde'
J( J..
,
'.
,.
Earthworks ill loosc ground Crawlcr mounted back hoc shovel
1. Boom
2. Backhoe bucket arm; bucket ann.
3. Buckct
4. Auxiliary framc
5. Backhoe cablc; dlsglng ropes
6. Backhoe bucicet sheave
7. Boom sheave; jib centcr pulley.
R. Pivot pin for backhoe bucket arm
9. Llfllng drum
10. Pulling drum
J I. Movable bucket sheave 12. Auxilliary frame sheave
Earth dipper ; cxcavutur bucket"
1. Dipper bowl; bucket-
2. Welded door
3. Door latch keeper
4. Door latch
5. Cast steel lip
fl. BaH lug; stirrup IuS. 7. Back brace lug
R. Door hinge pin
9. Dipper handle lug
a. Foumlations on caissons
1. cutunu edge
2. Sheath, sneaune. shell skirt
3. Curb
h. OI)Cn cyllndrica! caisson
4. Concrete
5. Rclnforcemcnt
6. t-bearn rcinforcement.
7. Tremle concrete SC:11
9. WOlInI' level
c-:
Fig. 94.
'l'crasamcnte ill terenuri friabilc Excavator cu cupa intoarsa
1. S:lgC:1ti\ (brat)
2. Brn~ul cupel
3. Cupa
4. 1;'evalet I suport auxtuar
5. Cablu de mancvra a cupcl; cablu de excavat
6. Scripete de cablu
7. Scrlpete pentru cablul din centruj
sAge\il
O. Arucutatta bratutut eupel
9. Tambur pentru rldlcarea cupcl
10. Tambur pentru tracttune
11. Scrlpete mobil al eupel
12. Scrlpcte de pe suportul auxiliar
Fig. 95.
Cupa dc excavator
1. Perete de cupA
2. Clap" de fund sudatn
3. Grtndll de ghldaj a zavorutut 1. ZAvorul clapetel
5. BuzA de otel turnat G. Urcche de prlndere
7. Urechc de prlndere a brajulut clupetel
8, Axut de artlculatte a olapetel
9. Ureehe de Ilxare 0 bratutut clapetel
Fig. !Hi.
a. Fmulal,jj no cheseane J. ClIlltul chesonulul
2. CAptu5ealn (invell~ul) carnercl de lucru
3. Coroana chcsonulul
b. Chcson deschis dc rorma cllilHlrica
4. Beton
5. Armilturil
6. Ann!ltur1\ de prom 1
7. Dop de etansare din belon lurnat sub npl!
8. Nlvclul npel
570
, "
.3
; ~:
~i .
':0 >,
:j', ri.~·1
:4- '!,
~ t.
~ "
; ~\
~
"~
" -(,_
'~
'~I
::'
.),,
.;' ~1::'"
ii ~-!
,~.:.~
.' 1';
~,
,
\'
" ,.
/0
r
J
,.(
'=.lo.'
" l ....
~i
<. "
'j; '~,
~'~ ,I
r
,oJ, c
, " 1
,
,
-
.
~ 'r,
Caissen with steel shell
Fi!;", 97,
Cheson metallc
1. steer shctt
2. Ail' lock
3. Hoisl
4. Disposal chute
5. Rcnlovablc cof(erdilln
6. T:lucltel
7. workinu chamber II. S~eE'1 sncu
U. Culling edge
10. nip-rap rock fill·
11. Worl{ing platform
12. Airline
13. ~cnf[oldil1g 1-1. Concrete
1. Perete meta lie
2. Sas de aer
3. Trollu
4 .• 1ghcab de evacuarc
5. Bnt a rrf ou deplasabll
6. Benet
7. Camera dc Iucru II. Percle metnlle
n, cuiuo: cncsonutut
10. Anrocnrnentc
11. PI"lformi'1 de 1ueru
12. Contluctii de aer
13. E~"rodaJ H. Beton
Fig, !III.
u. Front end el111)tying waggon scraper
a. Screper rcmorcat eu descarcarca prin (a~a
1. Ma in rrnrne
2. Fron l wheels :l. Front pivot
·1. Scraper bowl j. Cullin::: cd!:c Ii. Front aprnn t, Talt gate
:1. Super::;t ruct-uo !I. Real' wheels 10. Push bar
I, Sasiu
2. noute din fatii
3. Plvotul din fa\[1
4. Bella scrcpcrului :;. 1.;II11ii tiiletoare
I;. Tabtleru! din falil t. F'undul mobil
II. ~lIpr"structura
9, Rollle din spate
III. Baril tampon de Irnptngerc
U. Disc pulvimixer
b. Plug ell discurl
c. Shcoptoot rollcr ; tamping rolkr
c. 'ravalu&, picior de oale
572
C-r:.,·/,\_fi:in ' .... 6 =( ---.----
~JJ---
1~#&#~/~:~~~~~f:mz,:,',~-:r,7. .... ~g·~~Z//~ ~,~
,.
u
('\ ... ./
574
Excavating plant
Fig. 99.
Utilaj tcrasicr
1. Dulldozcr
1. Buldozer
Fig. 100.
2. Crawler mounted shovel
2. Excavator pe ~cnJle
Fig. 101.
3. Dragllne
3. Dragllnii
• 575
__________________________________ ~5~7~6 . 5~1~1 ~------------------------------
4. RO:lll roller
Cement gun machine'
1. Uppcr hopper
2. Lower hoppcr
3. Lever
4. Nonie.'
5. Ji"Pl~rt
Fig. 102.
4. nutou compresor
Fig. 103.
Aparat lie torcreta.t
1. nuncarn) supcrlor
2. Buncarut Inferior ~. Pirghie
4. Ajlllnj
5. Aumentnre
'.
37 - Dlctlounr ttustrnt de eonst ruct+l, engtcz-romnu. ella. 215
4. Rorul r
6. rntertocktnu joint
7. Dovetail joint 8 ... V" joint
Driving. sinldn~ by injection and pile-drivers
a. Draw line
b. Pilc hnmmr-r : mor.kr-v
,t.dar
~otl de pllotl tnsuruoau Hotl cu disc la capatut
.e
roCile de p..~lplan~e (me-
z
'sen
"''''_''
570
579
-, .~
re deIemn
shnplA de palplanse de de palplnnse in doni! cu l.amb:1 ~I uluc
'paraUl
e de palplnnse In trei
u. L"'U."~' _ 'prln Imbucare
7. Imblnare In eondi!. de rindunlci!.
8. Imbtnare In V
'r ~.~
Fig. 105.
Baterea, inflgerea prin Jet de apa ~i ell sonete .
a. Cablu de rldleot berbccul
b. Berbec (de hfttut Pllotl)'
a
37·
•• - ••• • 'l"~ I·L .. ,. t _.
r:
J
b
a: Pipe-pile; tubular pile
Fig. 104.
a. Pilot tubular
1. Type of the foot of a screw pile
2. Type of the foot n I' a dislt pile
1. Tip de sabott de pllotl tnsurubatt
2. Tip de pilotl Cll disc la eapatul Inferior-
b. Sheet piles
b. Palplanse
int~riockln'g 3. 'Dtverse ,- profile de palplanse (me-
. _ tatlce) :
,.:',~,j' 4~::rrofil In Z
; '~'JJ~~tP..r.orll Larsen
C. ljalplan~e de iel1111
1. -Asarnblnre simplA de patplanse de lemn
2. Asamblare de patplnnse In dou" rindurl
3. Imblnare cu lamba_ ~I utuc
4. Lnmbll separatll
5. Asamblarc de patptanse In trel
rindurl _
6. tmblnare prln Imbucarc
7. Imblnare in coada de rindunlcll O. ImbLnarc In V
3. Various sections of sheet plies
4. Z section
5. Larsen section
c. Timber sheet -[Jiles
1. Single lap
2. Double lnp
3. Tongue and groovc joint
4. Separate tongue
5. Triple lap
6. Interlocking joint
7. Dovetail joint 8 ... V" joint
Fig. 105.
Driving. slnlciuq by injection and pllc-drlvers
Baterea, infigerea prin jet de apR ~i cu sonete .
a. Cablu de rldicat berbecul
b. Berb ec (de bMut 1'110\1)
a. Draw line
b. Pile hammer; monkr-v
578
)
579
2
a
"
~\ i , '-'
a. Ringing engine, hand pile driver, Rope-operated pile frame
1. Trip line (It'lpping rope)
2. Nipper line
3. Adjustable trip (tripper)
4. Nlppers
5. Drop hammer
6. Fall, drop
7. Frame leader; guide poles C. Ring
9. Pile
b. Water injection
10. Waler line from pump
11. Hammer res Ling on pile
12. Pile
13. Jel pipe
14. Flexible water-hose
Fig. lOG.
a. Soncta cu cablu tras de mini
1. Cablu de manevrare
2. Cablu de eomandA
3. Decllc, deelansator
4. CJe~le de ghidare R berbccutul
5. Berbee cu cAdere lIber{\
6. InAlllme de eAdere
7. Cadru de ghldnj
8. Cere, Ine1 de pilot
9. Pilot
b. Injectare cu apA
10. Tenvll de all.mentare de In
pompA
t t. Horbec rezemat pe pilot
12. Pilot
13. TeavA de ejector (tance)
14. Furtun fiexlbll de apA
580
0-
11_ ,
13
12·-
··.r:.T.-.·.··.
b
. . ,1 ,I~'
; I
, , . ,
ri ':
~~:~~:;~
I.
......." .'
_.
a. Pneumatic digger/spade
1. Handgrlp
2. Body
3. Shank
4. Air hose connection
5. Spade
6. Throttle valve handle
b. Pneumatic drill
1. Handle
2. Body
3. Throttle varve handle
4. All' hose connection
5. Drlll rod
6. Drill bit
c. Pneumatle concrete vibrator
1. All' hose connection
2. Rolling throttle
3. Flexible hose handle
4. Vibrator head
d. Mud jack (grouth pump) I. Hopper
2. Feed
3. Mud fill grout
4. Tow bar
e. Pneumatic tools
1. Tamping pad
2. Cleaning up chisel
3. Ripper chisel
4. Double blade split chisel
5. Surface cross chlscl
6. Machine chisel
7. Channeling tool
8. Tooth chisel or bumper
9. Oape chisel
10. carvers drill
11. Plug drill bit
12. Bush cb isel
r. Hand tools
1. Pounder
2. Ax: (axe) or pean uamrner
3. Hand hummer
4. Wood mallct
5. Pick
6. Hawk; mortar board+
7. Buttering trowel
8. Pointing trowel
9. Laying trowct : brtck trowel
10. Sleel trowel I floal·
11. Laying trowct j f1o~,I·
Chisel
12. Pitching chisel
13. Tooth chisel
14. Chisel edgc
15. Splilting chisel
16. Side point chisel
17. Grooving point chiscl In. Point chisel
~. Lewis.
h. Grab hooks. Nippers
Fig. 107.
a. Lopata pneumatiea
1. Miner
2. Corpul
3. Coada cazmalel
4. Racordul furtunulul de aer
5. Cazma; hlrle~
6. Mlnerul clapetel de admlsle
b. Perforator pneumatic
1. Miner
2. Corp
3. Mlnerul clapetel de admlsle
4. Racordul rurtunutui
5. BarA de forat
6. CoroanA de perforator
c. Vibrator pneumatic
pentru beton
I. nacordut !urtunulul
2. vnna de admlsle cu miner rotauv
3. Minerul turtunutut flexibil
4. Capul vtbrntorurut
d. Injector pentru noroi 1. Pllnle
1. Attmentare
3. Umplere cu norol (Innamolire) ~. BarA de remorcare
e. Uneltc pneumaticc
1. Mal de compacta!
2. Daltlt de curAtat
3. RangA de scarl!lcat
4. DnllA splntccatA cu doull tlll~url
5. DallA cu tllll; In cruce
6. DallA mccanlcA
7. Unealtll de tAlat santurt
8. DRnA dlntatA
9. DaitA latll
10. Sfredcl de ctzclnt
II. Coroana de bAlut eepurl 12. DnitA de buclnrdat
f. UncItc de mini
1. ctocan de spart plntra
2. Clocan cu vIr! ascutu
3. narcs
4. Cloean dc lemn
5. Cloean cu doull vtrrurt
6. Mahala de mortar
7. Mlstrle de netezlt
8. Mlstrle l1;paelu pentru rostull
9. Mlstrlc
10. Mlstrle de ojet
11. Mlstrle
Dl\ltl
12. Buclarda
:?:', . 13. DaltA cu dlntl ;;':" 14. DallA ascutltA
r' 15. DaltA pentru des pleat
, 16. DallA cu vir! exeentrle
',~ 17. Dallil pentru falturl
: ..... 18. DaitA cu vlrf
g. Bulon dc aneoraj
h. Clc~tl dc prins blocurl
f>R2
0 ..
5~8~3 , .
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+ ~. ,,' '~', }\"(-;Y;O';"
" ,~
c;....', I .
': ". "
- '.''['LI ~.,~
.u~
:a_~·~..: :::.- rJ ~J.
1
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Masonry tools
Fig. 108.
Scule pentru zldirle
a. Spalllng hammer
b. Bushllammer; grnnulatlng hammer
c. Paver's dressing hammer
d. Gauge saw (for marble)
e Mason', saw
n, Cloean de spart platrA
b. BuelardA
c. Cloean de pavator (pentru nlvelat) d, FerAstrAu de ajustat (pentru plAcl
de marmurA)
c. DaitA dln\atA
~1l4
585
..0
I!
-''''
586
Clamshell dredge (grab dredger")
1. Clamshcll bucket; grab bucket=
2. Boom; jib·
3. "A" frame
4. Operator's house
5. Opcrating machinery house
6. Forward spud anchor
7. Whirley track: turntable-
8. Swing cablc
9. Hoisting cablc
10. Closing cable
11. Boom rest (Jib rest)
12. Boom holst cable
Hydraulic pipe-line dredge or suction dredger with pipe-line discharge
1. Revolving cutter
2. Cutter ladder frame
3. Boom, Jib'
4. -A" frame
5. Suction pipe
6. Dlcharge plpe
7. Pontoon
O. Working I pivot spud
9. Control house
10. Spud lifting eablc
11. Spud lifting frame
12. Floating discharge pipe-line
13. Swinging cable sheave
Drill boat
1. Spud anchor
2. Deck winch
3. Drill frame
4. Sand pipe
5. Drill rod
6. Submarine drill drifter
7. Spud anchor well (guide)
Fig. 109.
Dragii. cu gl1aifar
1. Cupa graiferului
2. Brat (sllgeata)
3. Cadru In form II dc "A"
4. Cabina operatorulul
5. Casa masmttor
6. PlIot de ancora] pentru avansarc '1. Pupitru de rotatte
8. Cablu de Intoarcere
9. Cablu dc rldlcare
10. Cablu de Inchlderc
11. Reazcmul sligetIJ
12. Cablu dc rldlcare a sllgc\!!
Fig. 110.
Draga aspiratoare rcrulant~
1. Frczli rotauva
2. Elindd port-!rczd
3. Silgeata de sustlnere a ellndcl -t. Cadru tn "Au
5. conducta de nsptratle
6. Conductll de rcrutare
7. Ponton pluUtor
O. PI·lot de paptona]
9. Cablnll de cornanda
10. Cablu de rldlcare a pllolulul de paptona]
11. Cadru de rldlcare a pllotulul de pnplonn]
12. Conduetil de refulnre ptuutoare
13. Scripctclc cablului de pendulare II rrezet
Fig. 111.
~alal1d~ de Coral
1. Pilot de ancoraj
2. TroUu de punte
3. Turla aparat ulul de forat
4. Tenvil de tubaj
5. Pn'ljlnA de forezA
6. Meeanlsm de curatlre a forajulul sub apa
7. Golul dc trceere a pllotulul
0·-·
! I. j ..
I
1
a, Breast abutment
1. Bridge scat
2. Siupe line
3. Breast wall; retaining wall"
4. Neat line
5. Spread looting; toc fooling basco
6. Back wall
b. ,,'1'" abutment
I. Brldgc scat
2. Slope line
3. Breast wall; retaining wall"
4. Neat line
5. Spread fooling; toe foaling base"
6. Coping
7. Stem
c. Abutment pier
1. Bridge seat
2. Back wall
3. Spread fooling
4. Body
d. Buried abutment
1. Bridge seat
2. Slope line
3. Transverse slab I beam"
4. Spread footing
5. Bearing piles
Fixed Weirs
Longitudinal secllon (through dam) on the center line at the river
1. Fixed I solid weir
2. Upstream
3. Downstream
4. Water surface supposing the weir was removed
5. Curve of backWater AS
6. Local swelling of water over crest
of weir
7. Bank
8. River bed
9. Deposits
10. Eddy with horizontal axts
11. Scouring; erosion of the bed
12. Nappe
13. Standing wave
H. Small floodbank protecting riparian lands
Fig. 112
a, Culee lArA aripi intoarse
I. SupraIata de sprljtn a podulul
2. Linin tntuzutut
3. Zid de sprljln
4. k'nta supcrtoara a Iundatlel
5. Talpa Iundajtel
6. Zid de gardll
b. Culee in ,,'1'"
1. Suprara\a de ~pl'lJln a podulul
2. Llnla taluzulul 8. Zid de sprijln
4. Fala superloara a !undallel
5. Talpa 1undall'el
6. Coronament
7. Corpul mljlochl at culell
C. Pila-culee
1. Supl'a!ala de sprljln a podulut
2. Zid de gal·tlil
3. Talpa fundallel
4. Corpul
d. Culee ingropatll.
1. Suprafnla de sprljln a podulut
2. Linin taluzulul
3. Grind" transversal A
4. Talpa fundatlel
5. PilOl1 portari]!
Fig. 113.
Barajc fixe
Secllune longltudlnalil prln linin dc centru a rlulul
I. Baraj fix I plln
2. Amonte
3. Aval
4. Suprafa\a ape! prcsupunlnd bara[ul su.prlmat
5. Curba de remuu A-D
6. Umflarea localA a apel deasupra
bnrajulul
7. Mal de rtu
8. Albia riulul
9. Depunerl (de atuvlunl)
10. Vlrtej eu ax orlzontal
11. Afulere (eroztune de fund)
12. LamA deversantA
13. Val stallonar
14. Dlgule] de protectle a terenurllor rlverane
b
d
,.-.._)
-_
Various types of fixed weirs
1. Fixed I solid masonry weir
2. }o"lxed concrete won-
3. Slab rounuatton
4. Rock filling to downstream floor
5. Stilling basin
6. Water cushion
7. Upstream water line
U. Downstream water line
9. Downstream vertical face (of dam)
10. Upstream stepped face (of dam)
11. Masonry downstream floor I apron
12. Cut of! wall; toe wall
13. Solid deposit
H. Upstream minimum water lcvel
15. Downstream minimum water level
16. Ogee shaped downstream face
17. Rock filling
18. Plies
19. Wallngs
20. Battered upstream face
21. Curved downstream race
22. Dr essed stone facing
23. Projecting stones
24. Reinforced concrete slab
Fig.-1H.
DiCerite tipuri de baraje fixe
1. Baraj fix I plln de zldilrle
2. Uaraj fix de beton
3. Talpa fundallel
4. Risberml\ din anrocarnento
5. Bazln de Itntsttre
6. Saltea de ap;l
7. Nlvelul bterulut amonte U. Nlvelul bterurut aval
9. Parament aval vertical
10. Parament amonte In trepte
11. Rlsbermll din zldllrie
12. Zid de etansare
13. Depozlt de nluvlunl
14. Etiajul din amonte
15. Etlajul din aval
16. Pararnent oval In duslnA
17. Anrocamente IU. Plloll
19. Moaze
20. Parament amonte Inollnat
21. Parament nval curb
22. Placaj (imbrAcAminte din platrll de tatte)
23. Moloane de platrA sconse In proemtnenta
24. Dala de beton nrrnnt
590
591
II,
~.
"
C" I
,_,
Gravity dam
1. Drainage tubes
2. Watertight diaphragm
3. Dr~:;)!ng boreholes
4. Fill
5. External protective layer
Fig. 115.
Baraj de greutate (barajul Izvorul Muntelul - Bicaz)
1. Tuburl de drenaj
2. Voal de etaru;are
3. Foraje de drena]
4. UmpluturA ' ..
5. Strat exterior de proreejle
592
593
33 - tneuonar Itustrat de constructtl engtcz-roman
4i.c.
r
Arch dam
Fig. 116.
Bnra] arcuit (barajul Vliliug Resita)
a. Top view
b. Axe crown profile
c. Transversal section
1. Stone masonry
2. Draining tube ~. Drnln tube
4. Plaster face
5. Concrcte
6. Tampered clay
7. Intake
O. Dottom ou tlct 9. ]o'lil
a. Vedere In plan
b. Prom prln axul de coronament
c. Scellunc trnnsversata
I. Zldiirle de platra eu mortar
2. Tub de drenaj
3. Tub eolcctor
1. Sapf. de mortar
5. Delon
6. i\l'giHI compactatA
7. Prlza
O. Gollrc de fund 9. Urnpluturfi
594
38·
r
r-,'
596
Buttress dam
Fig. 117.
BaraJ eu contrafor]! (barajul Poiana Uzului)
a. Top view
b. Cnractcrlstic sections
1. Upstream head
2. Downstream knob
3. Headwater pipe
4. Hydroelectric plant
5. Spillway
6. Energy d tsstpator
7. Pier block
8. FLrst phase dam level
9. Flll
10. Drainage tunnel
a. Vcdere In plan
b. secjtunt carnelcrlstlce
1. Cap amonte
2. BUlon aval
3. Aductlune
4. Central a hklroclectrlc'\
5. Dcvcrsor
G. Dislpator de energle
7. Plot culee
8. Llmlta prtrnutul eta]
9. Umplttluri!.
10. Galerie de drenaj
,j
------------------
(1 __
597
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tl
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'7
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.,
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tc) s:
Fixed weir; fixed spillweir
1. Water surrace
2. concrete ('ao
3. upstream apron
4. Row of piles
5. Sheet pile cut-off
6. Masonry facing
7. Wclr mass R. Key
9. Projecting stone
10. Apron
11. Concrete footing
12. Back nu
Fir. 119.
Baraj devcrsor fix
1. Suprafata apel
2. ooronumcnt de beton J. Avanradlcr
4. ~Ir de pilotl
5. Eeran de patplanse
6. Parament zldlt eu platcli
7. Corpul deven;orulul fl. Plnten
9. PlatrA nroemlnenta (dtnte)
10. Risberm!!
II. Fund"'lle de bcton 12. Anrocarnente
I".
I
i
J
••
o
r--------------------------------------- __ ~~ _=~ .~.~-----
Ti
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,
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J; Earth dam
1. ,J'crvlou,s son
2. ~mperVl(ius soil
J. Non' coneslve snll; gl'anular 6011 ~. pe:fvio,u;' tilon.!<.et /Ii(ass'
5. ImperVious o<'ire
G. nerm" "
7. C;,ut off trench
D. Crow'"
D. D"~h1as'e well 111. P\'I"
n. GuLLeT 1I11e; <.IUd,' l~. CoU",,\or rlit;ch
I~. Sheet pJlill!l'
14. IITI'pervlo,us bl;i111(,~L
15. 'SNx.llng 111f!;' lur! revcuuents 1~. Top soU, ,
H. Sccp-,proQI screen: wat<':r b'nnler'
Fill. 1211.
BarnJ de pimint
I. Term;l p,ennc,abll
'2. Teren lin~'erm~Rbli 3. 'I'e!'en pulverulent' 1. Mil~l_v 'permanbU
~, S,Imbure Jmperl'neat,lI G,. Rlsoci'mll ' ,. Plnten
A. CrM~tll; coronnment u. Pu t d~ droriaJ
lQ. CW;tC,ti'>
! I. JlIJl'illiI
! 2. C:i.\nl cnlco:ilor
I J. r'eruea de palp'l An~c I~. M(lstn lmpernieabllil
15. Imbn{c:'lmlnt(i cugo\r.on l~. Pi'lmlrit ,vegetal
11. Itcr:.. n ,d o clfUl~a,re
........................ ~~~----------------------~~--------------------------~-----'.
.1
,
,
. ..
{ ..
, . .
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_____ . ~6~02
Barrage I dam with frames and needles
a. General view
1. Floor; foundation
2. Cut off
a. (king) pile
4. Sheet pile (sheeting)
5. Walings
6. sm
7. Pier
O. Recess lor hnuslng end frames
9. St(·p~
10. Siab
11. Needles
12. Gangway. walkway
13. Frames raised (raising or clostng)
14. Fl'nnt!'s lowered (Lowering. opening or ctcartng)
IS. Sockets
IG. smnn chnln
b. Detail of a frame
1. Frame
2. Spindle or heel post of the frame
3. Upstrea 111 socket
4. Downstr-eam socket 5, Nqcdlcs
H. Stop
'I. Sill
R. SIIPP(1rlil!C! h:lI'
P. Ganl!Wny; wutkwuv
10. Connecttng I assembling btl!"
11. Floor; f01.lndntlon
12. Fail! height (of water) retnlne d :
Ilene!
13. Dlngounl member-
Fig. 121.
Baraj cu fermeti 111 ace
a. Ansamblu
1. Radier
2. Vatl'a
3. Pilot
4. Paiplan~A
5. Moaze
6. Prag
7. Pit"
O. Camera de depozltare a rcrmott-
lor cuicau
9. SeaI'll
10. DalA
11. Ace
12. Pasarelll
13. Ferrnetl rrdlca]! (rldlcare sau inehldere)
t4. Fcrmell culcatt (eoborlre sau desehldere)
15. Manson ; crapodtna JG. r,lInll~or
b. Detaliui unul Cermet
1. Fermet
2. Axul Inferior al fermetulul
3. Crnpo(iinil amonte
4. Crapodlnil Rv::\1 s. Ace
G. Hea~clll 7. Prng
n, !Inri', e!e rczomnrn
9. Pasareii1
10. Daril de asamblare
11. Radler
12. Inill\ime de eildere a apet
13. Bar:i dingonalll
, -.
603
5
-- ---r
, •
a. Bear trap barrage/dam
1. Upstream, upper lcaf
2. Downstream ,lower leaf
3. Roller
4. Culvert, permitting the establishment of a variable pressure
b. Bear trap barrage/dam, Parker system
c. Bear trap barrage/dam, Lang system
1. Downstream floor with steps
d. Bear trap barrage/dam, Huber and Lutz system
1. Cut offs
2. (king) plies
3. Sheet piles (sheeting, sheet piling)
4. Wallngs
5. Main floor, foundation
6. Pitching; paving
7. Downstream floor
Barrage/dam bridge
with
overhead
Fig. 122.
a, Bara] in forml de aeoperl~
1. Arlpa amonte
2. Arlpa aval
3. Rulou
4. Rigoli!. ce permlte stabllirea unel
preslunl varia bile
b. Baraj in forml de acoperi~, sis tern Parker
c. Baraj in (orml de acoperls, sis tern Lang
1. Risbermi!. cu trepte
d. Baraj in forml de aeoperir,l, sis tern Huber ~i Lutz
1. Valrfl
2. PlioU
3. Palplan~e
4. Moaze
5. Radler general
6. Pereu
7. Rlsbermi!.
Fig. 123.
Baraj eu IJod superior de servlciu
Val'lanti!. cu cadre rabatablle In avat
Vedere gcnerala
1. Stavile din tolA ambutlsatll
2. Montant
3. Troliu de manevrare
4. Serlpele de fntoarcere
5. Lan] de manevrare
6. Lnn] I barfl de rldleare
7. Dispozltlv de flxllre
60·1
n
605
Modified form with frame opening downstream
General view
1. Shutters of prcssed steel plates
2. Upright
3. Working winch
4. Return block
5. Working chain
6. Lifting chain, rod
7. Locktng gear
d
____ -2
r
-6
Single loc1t
a. Plan
b. Longitudinal section
i. I:;ntrance (upper ur iowcrj
2. Gate cnambcr
3. uate recess
4. Lock guies
5. Poin ting sill 0. ),'orebay
7. Chamber
8. Wing walls
U. Hollow quoin
10. Grooves for stop planks of cofferdam or stop log recess
11. Floor of gate chamber
12. Cut off trench; sheet pile cut oH
wall
13. Water level of upper pond
14. Water level or lower pond
15. Upstream apron
16. Downstream apron
17. ),'1001' of chamber
18. Coping
19. Guard wall (back stu)
20. Depressed floor ot gate chamber
21. Working length
22. Mooring ring
23. Sill
~4. Steps 25. Ladder
2G. Lower round head (leaving wall)
27. Upper round head (guiding Wall)
28. Rise; 11ft
29. Foot block (for vertical beams of cofferdam)
30. Pitching: stone paving
31. Plertrend ; rounded corner
Fig. 124.
Eelnza en sas simplu
a. Plan
b. sccttune Jongltudfnalti
1. Intrare (amonte sau avut)
2. Camera portuor
3. NI" a a porttt
4. P01'\lIe ecluzel
5. Busc
G. Zid de clldere
7. Sas de ectuza
8. Zidurl truoarse
9. NI,,1i. rotunjltll
1U. NI~e pentru grlnzlle batnrdoulul
11. Radlerul camerel portuor
12. Pin len I perote de palplunse
13. Nlvelul apet din bleful amonte
14. Nlvelul apel din bleful aval
15. nadterut capulul amonle
16. Radlerul cnpulut aval
17. Radlcrul snsulut
18. Coronament
19. Zid de garclil
20. Rndler dcnlvelat al camerel por-
\1101'
21. Lungime ulllil
22. Organon
23. Prag 2·1. 'I'repte
25. Scarll
26. Dajonerul capulu] aval 21. Zid de gh lda]
28. Inul\lmea de clldere
29. Bloc de pararnunt (pentru grtnztte vertlcale ale batardoulul)
30. Percu; pnvnj de pialI'd
31. Colt rotunjtt ; musoar
606
607
- ---~ ro ~J
\_..!
Groundwater and its development
1. Surface water divide
2. Groundwater divide
3. Catchment or intake area
4. Perched water table
5. Spring
6. DI'Y zone
7. Dug well
U. Driven well
9. Artesian well
10. Ground water table
11. Confined ground water
12. Free ground water
13. Impervious stratum H. Spring
15. Artezlan spring
16. Drilled well
17. Spring
18. Stream
19. Pumping statton
20. Charging basin
21. Water table
22. Infiltration gallery
23. Bed rock
Fig. 125.
Apa subterana ~i amenajarea ei
1. Cumpilna apelor de suprafal';
2. Cump,ina apelor sublernne
3. Aria de cnptare
4: PinzA de ap1\ suspenelnlll 5. Izvor
u, Zonll uS~liI
7. Put de apA obtsnult
8. Pu~ ablslnlan
9. Put artezlan
10. Suprafata ptnzet frcatlee
11. Api! freaticl\ cu nlvel libel' Pl'lnsa
lntre doud strate Impermcabile
12. Api\ subtcranll IIbcril
13. Strat Impcrmeabll H. Izvor
15. Izvor artczlan
16. Put forat
17. Izvor IR. Riu
19. Static de pompare
20. Bazln de incArcare
21. Suprafata pl",:cl de apA suhter/mil
22. Galerle de Infiltratle
23. Roed de bazd
• f I "itt n'( __ ! n rIO 1 tp
600
G09
"
0-·
t ~ ICfU cing;.-l[!Z~.J'nnl,flll. 39 ~ Dlcp.onar Jl u .• lral tI C "'eI' ,,. " .•
Fig. 126.
Rural water supply and waste water dlspnsul
1. Water supply pumped from driven
well
2. Well
3. Pump
4. SoU
5. ltubblsh burnt
6. Cesspool
7. Garbage burled
Appreciable danger or polluting well
Urban water supply antl waste water disposal
1. Hydrant
2. Garbage collected
3. Water main
4. Scrvlce pipe
5. House sewer
6. Septic tank (mel subsurface Irrtgntlon
7. Rubbish burnt
a, No danger of polluting water
Alimcntal'ca cu apa ~i evacuarea apclor uzatc ruralc
1. Allmentare cu api1 pompntll din
pu~ rorat
2. Pu~ (forat)
3. Pompa
4. Sol
5. Gunoi ars U. Hnzrtn
7. Guno:lie rncnajere
Perlcol apreelabll de po!uare a puturuor
Fig. 127.
Alimentarea cu apa ~i cvacuarca apelor uzate urbana
1. Hldrant
2. Gunol menajer co!ectat
3. Conductll prlnclpa!A de apA
4. Conductll de servtclu
5. Canalul (canallzarea) easet
6. Fos(, septlc~ ~I Irlga\le subternnn
7. Gunol ars
II. Nu este nerlcot de pnluare a npet
.-----.-~ - ...
0-
611
3D·
_________ _. __ N __ •• ·_·_··_· __ ••
61'2
........ _jL-----------------------------~--~~.~.,.~ .. ~~. ==::~ __
a, Flllration planl including coagulation, seHllng. chlorInation, corrosIon control and pure water stornge
1. From surface-water supply
2. Mixing basin (dlstrlbutcs chemical
through water)
3. Chemical storage and feeding
4. Feeder
5. Floculaling basin
6. seuung basm
7. To fillers
8. Coagulated water
9. Rapid sand filters
10. Drain
11. Wash water
12. Pure water
13. From filters
H. Chlorination for destruction of harmful! organisms. lime or other chemicals added for control of corroston
15. Pure water basin
16. Gate house
17. To city
b. Deferrlzatlon plant Including aernlion. contact treatment, filtration and pure writer storage
1. From ground-waler supply
2. Coke trtclclcr or contact bed (soluble Iron oxidized to form Insoluble floc)
3. Aerator enables water to talce up oxygen from the atmosphere and to discharge CO, and I-I,S from solution
4. Reaction I settling basin to permit iron !locs to form and possibly settle
5. Slow sand filters G. Pure-water basin
7. Gnte house
8. To city
Fig. 128.
a. Instala~le de CIItrare Incluzind traturcn apel cu coagulant, decantnrca, elortzarea, combatcrca corozruntl ~I depozltarea apel curntc
1. De In att.uentarea cu apa dc suprarata
2. tsaztn de amestec (dlstrlbule sub-
stantole chlmlce In upa)
3. Depozlt ~I allmcntarc cu reacllvl
4. Allmcntator
5. uaztn de rtocutare u, Baz ln de decantare
7. Spre fIItre
8. ApA ~ratatj\ cu coagulant
9. FlILre raplde de nlslp
10. Ganal
11. Apa de spatat (rturut)
12. ApA curata I~. De la mtre
B. Clorlzarc penlru dlstrullcrca orgnnlsmelor noctve, var sau auo cnlmtcale adAugate pentru combatcrCA corozlunll
15. Rezervor de apll curatll IG. Carn ern vanelor
17. Spre orns
b. tnstatatte de deferlzare, Inctuztno acrnren, u-atarca de contact, flltrnrea ~I depoxttarea npnl curnte
1. Dc In all menta rea cu api. subtcrnnn
2. Plcur.Hor de coes snu flltru de contact. (Flerul solubll este oxtdut ca sll rorrnexe floeonne Insotubttc)
3. Aerator (face cn apa s.' In oxtncn din lltmosforA ~I sll ellbcreze : din soiuttc CO, $1 1-1,5)
~. n<lzln de reactte I de decant.nrc, care pcrmne sA se formeze ~I eventual sll se depunA nocoancte
r.. Flltre lentc de ntslp
6. Re7.ervor de npil curatll
7. Cnmera vnnelor
8. Spre oras
613
r,
.x, ;._
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r •
i' ro
__ 0 ..
e-,
~, I t
Ii :t .....
Ii I, ~
I '.J \1 it'
or..
-,
'" ------..,...---_.--
614
Profil al unci aduojlunl
1. Baraj
2. Canal eAplWjlt
3. Camera vnnetor
4. Prestune stnt1ell
5. conducta de apA fortatA
6. Panla hldrauJle!\
7. Conductll de apll cu nlvel libel'
8. Putur! de lueru
D. Gnlerle de np!\ cu nlvel IIber 10. Put de cohorlre a eonduetel II. Galerle fortatll
12. Put de urcare a eonductel
13. SIIonul conduetcl
14. Hezervor de dl~trllJUtle I de servlelu
15. Coriducte din Icvl (metaltce) tn, Orns
Seejlun! transversale tlplce ale unei aduc(.iunl .
2. Canal cr.ptu~lt
5. Conductll forlatll de beton arrnnt
7. ConductA cu nlvel IIber In sllpi\-
turll $1 rambtcu
D. Gnlcl'lc cu nlvel IIber II. Galerl e fortlltA
13. Stron (Inver's) de eonductil de ole I 15. Conduct" din levi (mctallcil)
615. _
·1 0:
I
I '!:
I
I
I
l~jg. 12!l. ,
, Profile of a water-supply conduit
1. Dam
2. Lined canal
3. Gate house
4. Static pressure
5. Pressure aqueduct
6. Hydraulic gradient
7. Grade aqueduct
R. Construction shafts
9. Grade tunnel
10. Down shaft
11. Pressure tunnel
12. Up shaft
13. Pipe siphon
14. Distribution I service reservoir
15. Pipe lines
16. City
Typical cross-sections or a water supply conduit
2. Lined canal
5. netntorced concrete pressure
aqueduct
7. Cut- and cover gradc aqueduct 9. Grade tunnel
1 L Pressure tunnel n. Steel plpc siphon 15. Pipe lin ..
!
II ~~-------------- .. ------_.-- .. ---.------~~~----_.----~_:.~_~.7.., __ ::, :,:.:,:.:'::.:.: .. :::::':.:.::;; ...
a
.
" '1.. ...
.
________________________________________________ ~616
Pit [or an electric pump
1. Drop pipe
2. Casing
3. Cement down at least 10 ft (=3 m)
4. Drain to surface or soakaway
5. Seal here
6. Metal casing eap
7. Footing for pump jack if used
8. Supply pipe
9. Size of manhole and plt suited to equipment Installed
Fig. 130.
Camin de 11Ut pentru 0 pompa e:ectrica
1. Conducti\ clr. asplrnj le
2. Colo anA dc tuba]
3. Clmcnt (tu rnnt) pe ad!nclmc de mlnlrnum 3 III
4. Cannl spre suprafa\A sau in strat
absorbant
5. Etan~re
6. Casca metalica
7. F'undntte (postamcnt) pentru bulansterut pornpel dacll t rcbule
8. ConcluctA de altmenlare
9. MArlmca Ilurll de Intrarc $1 a carnlnulut ndaptate dupA echtparnentul Instntat
617
0-
________________________________________________ 61R
r>.
""
Trickling filtcr including commtuutton, plain sedimentation, contact treatment, final settling and digestion and drying of sludge
1. Shreds, coarse matler
2. Comminuter
3. Sludge pumped to digesters
-I. Primary settling tank
5. Settlln~ solids removed nu-chnnt-
catv by scrapers on endless chain.
6. Dosing tank
7. Regulates flow onto filter
8. TrlcJ;:ling filter
9. notating arm dtstrtbutcs settled sewage over contact mutcrtal
10. Secondary settling tank ; Effluent to stream
11. Removes humus trorn filter effluent, sludge plowed to center and drawn off.
12. Sludge
13. Sludge-digestion tank
14. Floaling cover 1~. Gas
16. Digests sludge frum both scunnrr tnnks; supernatant Is sent back Into plant
17. Glass-covered sludge-drying br-d
18. Sand
19. Dries dlgf!,led sludge under glass cover; dried sludge Is used as soli builder or for fill
l'ig, 131.
Biofiltru incluzind farimitarea, decantarea simpla, tratarea de contact, decantarea fin alii l;Ii Iermcntarea !;Ii uscarea namolului
1. Cirpe, material grosler
2. Toe!ltor, comlnutor
3. N!lmol pornpat In rezervoarete de termentare
4. Decantor primal'
5. Sedlmente sollde evacuate mccnnlc
cu raclott pe lant 1!1rl1 fine
6. Bazln de dozare •
7. Heglea7.ii scurgerca spre flltre n. Flltru biologic
U. tsrnjut rotnuv dlstrlbule npn u1.nlfl decnntatll peste umpluturn de contact
10. Decantor secundar Evaeuenz!l apa u7.atii In rlu
11. EIImlnll numusut din apa uzatil a fIltrullll, norotut este antrenat spre eentru $1 evaeuat
12. Nllmol
13. Hezervor de (crmentarc a namo-
iutut
14. Capac pluUtor
15. Gaz
16. Nilmollli de tcrrnentnrc suprnnntnrit din ambnle deeantoarn estc retr irnls In tnstatntte
17. Plnt!orm1l de uscare II nilmolulul acopcrua eu geam
In. Nlslp
19. Nllmolul fermentat dcshldrnlnt
sub acoperis de geam; n1lmolul lI"rAt o 1010slt ca Ingrl\$l\mtnt de sol snu pentru umpluturl.
<;_.
610
•
!
"'\
Fig. 132.
Water Sttllply Irom driven well
Alimentare cu ap3 din pu] ablsinian
1. Forma\lc acvtrera
2. Roea de bazA
3. Rod ftsuratA sau fragllA 1. Cllilldru
5. l'npue de rora] din otet lorjnbll
6. Sol
7. trmplutura de ar!tll'\ O. Mortar de ctment
D. Drenaj tubular
10. SupraCnln tercnutul nnlurnl It. Pletrls
12. Gratar
I~. Capac Inchls
H. Pompa de rctutar e
I. Walcr-bearing tor.nuuon 2. Bed reel,
::. Fissured or unsound rock ~. Cylinder
5. wrought-stcct drive-shoe u. Soil
7. rtn clay
R. Cement grout D. Pipe drain
JO. N·,tllrnt ground sllr~'\cc II. Gravel
12. Serecn
13. Closed lop
14. Force pump
620
621
\
L
i
I
I
I
I,
I
•
..----------------------- ..... -.~--- ... _. __ ._ .. __ ... _--_ .. _---
622
Watcr supply from Sl)ring
1. Impervious stratum
2. Water-bearing sand or gravel
3. Screen
4. Valve
5. Supply line to storage
6. Drain
7. ttock drnln 1I.0veriiow
9. Valve stern
10. Removable cover
11. Dr alnage diversion ditch
Servicc pipc, fittings and accesorles
1. street main
2. Corporation cock or slop
3. Goose neck
4. Service pipe
5. Curb coek or stop r.. Caulked pipe sleeve
7. Stop and waste cock
8. Valve
9. Meter
10. Union
11. Testing tee
12. Cheek valve
13. Drip valve
14. Hose end
15. Supply tc !Juilding
16. ilasement .floor
17. Foundation wall
18. Service or curb box 1\1. Street
20. Frost depth
Fig. 133.
Alhncntarc en ap1i dill Izvor
1. Strat lmpermeabll .
2. Nlslp sau ptetrls acvtter
3. GriHar (slta)
4. Roblnet
5. oonnucta de aducttune la rezervor G. Cannl
7. Drcn de plnlrll
U. Dcvcrsor de preapll n
9. Tlja vanel
10. Capac demontabll
11. Srmt de garda
Fig. 134.
Bransament, ritinguri :;;1 aeecsoril
I. Conducta pr lnclpala a strll.zll
2. Boblnet de concesle
3. Raeord In formll de S
4. Condueta de bransament
5. Roblnet de eoneesle
6. Man~on sternun de trecore
7. Roblnet de oprlrc ~I de collrc n. Vana
9. J\pomctru
10. Plc.1I de legllturil
11. Teu de probe
12. Cia pet de retlnere
13. Roblnet de ptcuratur] H. Cap de furtun
15. Allmentaren eladlrll
16. Pardosealn subsolutul
17. Zid de tundatle
In. cuue de ro!Jlnet de eonccsle
19. Strada
20. Adtnctmea de tnghet, 11m Ita de Inghc~
623
'8
~, J
Rapid filters and accesory equipment
1. Filter tank
2. {"ilter floor
3. Cast iron manifold
4. Perforated In(crnls
5. Graded grnvet G. Filter sand
7. Wash troughs 3. Drain
9. Effluent to clear well
10. Influent to filters
II. Pressure lines to hydraulic valves from operating tables
12. Concrete filter tnnk
13. Filter bed washwater troughs
14. Wash line
I:;. Filter to wa,!c in. Filler drnln
17. Pj po gallery flnol' III. Operating floor
19. Operru lng table
!O. Rale of flow and 1"'5 of head gages
l~ig. 135.
Filtre rapide ~i ecitipament aocesoriu
1. Cttvn de flilru
2. F'undut filtl'ulul
3. Coleelor din fontil
4. Del'lvalll de tcava cu g,lurl
5. Pletrfs caltbrnt r.. Nlslp de flltrll
7 .• Tgheabul'l de spill are II. Carral
9. Scurge"e spr e rezervoru] de apr,
10. Intrarea apet Ia fIItre
11. Conductn de preslune spre vanele hidraullee de Ia pupltrut de ('0- manna
12. nnzlnlll (cuvri) (Ie belon nl fllt1'ulul
13. Jgheaburll~ pentru apa de sp:'llnrr:
a natutut flltrulu1
1-1. Conduetn de spi\lnre I;'. l':vacuan'n din flltru tn. D1'('nnjul flltrulu1
1'/. Plllpoelll gntcrtct riC' conduct" In. Platrormn de comandA
in. IVlnRll de comnnda
20. Vlteza de curgero !;l plerderca ,T,' pre~illnc
624
625
Q-_._-_._
".- ~ .. ~--~-.....,........:-.---
40 - DIctIonal' lIustrat de constructn engtez-roman
r--. ,
I
Duildlng drainage svstcm
1. Building sower
2. Building drain
3. Primary branch
4. Clean out
5. Valve
6. Check
7. DIscharge n. Sump
9. Floor drain
10. Bulldlnrr subdrntn
11. Dual (unit) vent
12. Continuous waste n nrl vcnt
1~, 26. Soli stack
14. Dry vent
15. Yoke vent rn, Braneh vent
17. 1':lI.her nrr:ms:emenl. In. Group vent
10. !=lldc vent
20. Fixture dratn
21. Circuit vent
22. Rf'lIef vont 2~. Wet vent
24. Boel{ vent "5. Branch vent
27. Horizon!.:]1 branch 2n, at. Vent stnd{s
29. Indirect waste
~ry. Loop vent
~2. Lender
:t:l. ll()l1f d rnl
~4. Connect tn "tade vcn+ :n. Eit.her nr ru ng orn on],
~(j. nn~pnlcn~
~7. 8ul!din!" wall ~". First flnnr
~Q. S"rond flnnr ~O. Third floor 41. Ronf
Accelator
1. Row water Inlet
2. Primary mixing chamber
3. Vane mixing gear
·1. Sccorrda rv mixing charnbor
5. Suspended mntter separntton chamhc,'
6. Clarified water couccunn ra d lnt
trOll,!!hs
7. Trented water outlet s, Shldg-e removal
9. Sludge concentrator
lry. """11('1
ll. Mixint:! r.!c-:r dr i vinr: motor
Fig. 136,
B1stC11l de cnnallzare InterJonrA
1. Canol de ape uzate
2. Canal Interior
3. Rnmlflcntle prlmarA
4. GurA de curattre
5. VanA
6. ClapetA de retlnere
7. Descllrcare R. Put col ector
9. Seurgere de pllirdosealA (sICon)
10. Cannllznre InterloarA tnchtsa
11. Ventllatte dublll (slmplil)
12. Colo.~nll conunua de scurrrerc $1
,1(' nCl'l,lre
1~, 20, Colon nil de npe tcc.~loldc
14. Aertstre uscatll
15. Aerlslre cu coller
16. Derlvatie de aerlslre
17. Aranjarnent nlternatlv
18. Aerlstre de grupA
19. Aerlslre lat('ralA
20. Canal de flxare (a oblcctelor M-
nttare)
21. Acrlslre de clrcutt
2". Aertstro de d!'scllrc:ue 2~. Aerlslre umedll
24. A erlstre invcrsn
2;;. nC'rtvntie d~ nertstre
27. Rnmlflcn\le orb:nntnlll
28. 31. Colnane de af'rlslre ?9. Evacunrc Ind Ir('ctll
~n. Aertstre In buc1~
~~. nl1rlnn de Rr\lrr!crr.
:l~. C:m,,1 nentru ncoperts
~~. P,,,corri la colonnn de ncrl~lre ~;. A rnn tnment nucrnnttv
~m. Sor'lt
~7. 7.td ,1(' cl~dlre ~r. F.1..11111 T
.19. It
an, .. Ttl
11. Arnpcrts
Fig, 137.
Decanter tip Accelntor I. Int.rnreA apel brute
2. Prim" camerll de arnestee ~. Ar,It.:ltnr CI1 palcte
4. A doua camera dc nme.lc('
5. Camerll d~ sopararo suspr nstonal:i
r, •• Tl!heabu'·1 ric cole-clare rnrJlnle n
nnet Ilmpczf te
7. Plecare apil Jhnn~7.lt:\ n. Evacuare nllmol
9. Cnmerll de ('on('cntrnre a n:\111o- 1111111
10. Gollre
t 1. Molorul de nntrenare nl ngltnlorutut.
627
o·
(
1
I
I
J
_-. -_-_-_-. __ - __ -._~~~~-_-_-_-_~-_- _- _--r-; ------6-28-1II!I1 .... ··L._ -:,o-------~·· - ....
Scheme of a hydrophore plant 1. Manometer
aa, Motor supply
2b. Starter supply
3. Press swItch
4. Storage tank
6. Electrical circuit for air compres-
sor motor
G. Air compressor
7. Pump
8. Scrvlce pipe for net
9. Electric conduits from press swllch to automatic control
Inspection/access chamber
1. Concrete foundation
2. Open channel
a, Concrete bed and rtnuncntng
4. Drain
5. Open channel bend
6. Concretc nnuncbuur
7. Concrete filing
8. Galvanized iron steps
9. Corbelling
10. Fresh all' Inlet n. Stone curb
12. Galvanized iron cover
13. Ground
Fig. 138.
Schema unci instala*U de hidrofor 1. Manometru
2a. AUmentare electrlcA la motorul pompei
2b. Idem Ia reostatul de pornlre
3. Presoslat
4. Cazan de hktrofor
5. Allmenlare elcctrleA la motorul comprcsorulul
G. Compresor de aer 7. Pompll
R. Conducta spre rc.ea
9. Lcgllturl electrlcc de la presostat ta tnbloul de nutomattznre
Fig. ]39.
Camin de vlzltare
1. Fundalle de beton
2. Canal desehls
3. Pat ~I oanctura j ~ant din beton
4. Conductii de canallzare
5. Curbura cnnatutut deschls G. Conclurii I ~ant din beton 7. trmptutura de beton
R. Trepte din otel galvanlzat
9. Zidilrie In consola
10. Acrlslrc
11. DordurA de platrA
12. Capac din lontll gnlvanlzut
13. 'feren
·1
\
. ~
I
!
o
Section through closet
1. Face of wall
2. Plaster cornice
3. Timber floor
4. Seal
5. Pipe socket and support
6. Flush pipe
7. Branch
R. Antlstphon pipe
9. 5011 pipe
10. Tlle~
II. Tiled s111 12. Stone slll
Fig. 140.
Seotlune prln W.C.
1. Fnta exterloarA (paramentutj pe-
retetul
2. Cornl!;a de Ipsos
3. Planseu de lemn
4. Prag de Inchlzator hldraulic
5. Mula Sl susunerea tubulul
6. 'rcava de spalnre
7. Racord din teava
8. 'feavll de desnmorsare
9. Colonna de canatlznre
10. Pillet ceramlee
11. Solbane dalal
12. Solbane de platri
~30
1131
o
632
Sketch of shoe
1. Concrete
2. Drain pipe
3. Shoe
1. Grating
5. D.P.C. (damp proof course)
6. Projecting ears or Iugs
7. Halnwater plpc
8. Wall fa ~e
Fig. 141.
Papuc de burlan
1. Beton,
2. Tub de canallzare
3. Papucul burtanulul 4, Gratal'
5. Strut de hldmlzoh.\ic
6. Urcchl/ bl'l.\ilri in consola 7, Burian
8, Paramentu) perelciui
I
•
633 , _
..- ~c.:.........-.-.-.--
Concrete conduit (tunnel section)
1. Reinforcement
2. Cap
3. Cant - "Hauntch bar"
4. Leg
5. Mud sill; ground sill'
6. Cleat
7. Lagging
8. Steel liner plate
9. Steel ribs - collapsible
10. Invert elevation
11. Spring line elevation
12. Arch elevation; crown elevation I level'
Reinforced concrete arch
1. Footing; foundation"
2. Tie rod
3. Main rctntorccmcnt
4. Stirrups
5. Rib
6. Leg
7. Slab
634
Fig. 142.
Conducta de beton armat (sectiune de galerle)
1. ArmAturA
2. Creasta (ealota)
3. Dulap fncl1nat
4. Montant; piclor
5. TraversA de la talpA
6. Tachet
7. CAptu~ealA
8. CAmll4ulalA de ote!
9. Cercurl de otel (demontabllc)
10. Nlvelul radlerului
11. Nlvelul na$terll
12. Nlvelul che.1i (crestel)
Fig. 143.
Arc (le beton armat
1. Funda\le
2. Tlrant
3. Armll.tura principal"
4. Etrlerl
5. Nervurll
6. Monl:mt ce se Ingustenzli [os
7. DnlA