ARSLAN SALEEM(FA18-BCS-080)

HAMZA RAUF(FA18-BCS-020)
HASSAN ZAMAN(FA18-BCS-060)
SAYED MUHAMMAD ALI(FA18-BCS-016)

ASSIGNMENT NO.1

COMSATS UNIVERSITY, LAHORE

Database Management System
 Relational Database Management System:
A relational database is a type of database. It uses a structure that
allows us to identify and access data in relation to another piece of
data in the database. Often, data in a relational database is organized
into tables.
 Tables( Rows and Columns ):
Tables can have hundreds, thousands, sometimes even millions of
rows of data. These rows are often called records.
Tables can also have many columns of data. Columns are labelled
with a descriptive name (say, age for example) and have a
specific data type.
For example, a column called age may have a type
of INTEGER (denoting the type of data it is meant to hold).
 Advantages:

I. RDBMS provides the Data Structure means our data is stored

in proper structure in database and we can access it easily. And
it is also simpler for us to us.
II. An RDBMS comprises a software program, server daemon,
which has been specifically designed to capture requests sent
over a network, facilitating the communication between
database clients and the database. Hence making users easy in
accessing the network.
III. RDBMS supports a standard language that most of us are
familiar with – SQL. This is mainly because the syntax of SQL
is simple. It implements keywords and phrasing in the English
language.
  Disadvantages:

I. One disadvantage of relational databases is the expensive

cost of setting up and maintaining the database system. In
order to set up a relational database, you generally need to
purchase special software.
II. Some relational databases have limits on field lengths. When
you design the database, you have to specify the amount of
data you can fit into a field. So this has the some lack of
structured limit.

 Scenario of Preferance of Relational Database:

Relational Database is used in the following Scenario’s:
I. It is used in the codebots on the internet which are automatically
functioning by their programming on the internet.
II. It is used mostly in a scenario when people are making apps and
in making and maintaining of websites.
III. It is also used in databases of Universities or banks.

 Examples:
Oracle, Sybase, IBM DB2, MySQL Server, PostgreSQL
 NOSQL Database Management System:
A NoSQL (originally referring to "non SQL" or "non
relational") database management system provides a mechanism
for storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in means other
than the tabular relations used in relational databases. It stores
the unstructured form of Data.
 Graphs, Images, Piecharts:
This database Stores Unstructured Data. It stores the data in the
form of Graphs, Images, Piecharts for better representation of
data and its maintainance.
This database also supports and provides relational data storage.
 Advantages:

I. It supports Graphs Databases. data model allows objects

to link and be linked by several other objects thus
constructing a graph structure. Links usually have
additional properties to describe the relation between
objects.
II. K-V store is the simplest data model. Technically it is just
a distributed persistent associative array. The key is a
unique identifier for a value, which can be any data
application needs stored.
III. It can make it easier to progress data structures in
comparison to operating ALTER TABLE statements with
databases by numerous gigabytes of content material. So
that’s why it supports dynamic Schema.
 Disadvantages:

I. The end goal for NoSQL database design was to offer a

solution that would require no administration, but the
reality on the ground is much different. NoSQL databases
still demand a lot of technical skill with both installation
and maintenance.
II. NoSQL databases were created with the demands of the
Web 2.0 modern-day web applications in mind. As such,
most features are directed at meeting these demands.
Where the demands of a data app extend beyond the
characteristic ‘insert-read-update-delete’ cycle of a typical
web app, these databases offer few features for analysis
and query ad-hoc. So, these databases don’t offers
business expertise and analytics.

 Scenario of Preferance of NOSQL DBMS:

NOSQL database is used in the following Scenario’s:
I. It is used in Scenario when we have to store relational data
as well as graphs and some charts along with relational
data like in family stores databases.
II. NOSQL is practically used in google’s big data dabases
for storing each sort of information.
III. It is also used in EBAY website databases.

 Examples:
MongoDB, CouchDB, HBase, Oracle NoSQL, Cassandra DB
 Comparison of Relational and NOSQL DBMS :
I. NoSQL databases tend to be more a part of the open-source
community. Relational databases are typically closed source
with licensing fees baked into the use of their software.
II. Relational databases (RDBMS) have been around for over 40
years. Historically, they’ve worked well, for the times when data
structures were much more simple, and static. However, as
technology and big data applications advanced, the traditional
SQL-based relational database were less equipped to handle
rapidly expanding data volumes and the growing complexities
of data structures.
III. NoSQL databases feature dynamic schema, and allow you to use
what’s known as “unstructured data.” Basically, this means you
can build your application without having to first define the
schema. In a relational database, you are required to define your
schema before adding data to the system.
IV. NoSQL databases tend to be more a part of the open-source
community. Relational databases are typically closed source
with licensing fees baked into the use of their software.