Name: _______________________________ Class: ____________________________ Date: ___________________

Patho (burns) quiz

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

_____ 1. The Parkland Formula for fluid resuscitation is used to treat the burn shock that occurs as a result of major
thermal injury. Although evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment will be based on urine output,
evaluation of adequate fluid replacement by the nurse is based on which of the following outcome criteria?
a. The patient receive 2mL/kg body weight divided by % TBSA burned over the first 14 hours postburn.
b. The patient receive 4mL/kg body weight divided by % TBSA burned over the first 24 hours postburn.
c. The patient receive 4mL/kg body weight divided by % TBSA burned over the first 36 hours postburn.
d. The patient receive 2mL/kg body weight divided by % TBSA burned over the first 24 hours postburn.
_____ 2. Which skin layer primarily comprises collagen fibrils to provide the mechanical strength of skin?
a. Dermis c. hypodermis
b. Epidermis d. stratum corneum
_____ 3. A 35 year old female patient has deep partial thickness burns on the front and back of both arms, anterior
trunk, back of the leg, anterior and posterior sides of the right leg, posterior head and neck, and perineum.
Based on rule of nines, compute for the extent of burn.
a. 50.5 b. 65.0 c.68.5 d. 58.0
_____ 4. The nurse is assessing a male client admitted with second and third degree burns on the face, arms and
chest. Which findings indicates a potential problem?
a. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen value of 80mmHg
b. Urine output of 20mL/hr
c. White pulmonary secretions
d. Rectal temperature of 38°C
_____ 5. Following a full-thickness (third degree) burn of his left arm, a male client is treated with artificial skin. The
client understands post-operative care of artificial skin when he states that during the first 7 days after the
procedure, he will restrict:
a. range of motion c. going outdoors
b. protein intake d. fluid ingestion
_____ 6. Nurse Jody formulates a nursing diagnosis of impaired physical mobility for a client with third degree burns
on the lower portion of both legs. To complete the nursing diagnosis statement, the nurse should add which
“related to” phrase?
a. related to fat emboli c. related to femoral artery occlusion
b. related to infection d. related to circumferential eschar
_____ 7. Nurse Catherine is changing a dressing and providing wound care. Which activity should she perform first?
a. assess the drainage in the dressing c. wash hands thoroughly
b. slowly remove the soiled dressing d. put on latex gloves
_____ 8. During the acute phase of burn, the nurse in-charge should assess which of the following?
a. client’s lifestyle c. tobacco use
b. alcohol use d. circulatory status
_____ 9. The nurse is providing home care instructions to a client who has recently had a skin graft. It’s most
important that the client remember to:
a. use cosmetic camouflage techniques c. continue physical therapy
b. protect the graft from direct sunlight d. pain management
_____ 10. A male client with solar burn of the chest, back, face and arms is seen in urgent care. The nurse’s orimary
concern should be:
a. fluid resuscitation c. body image
b. infection d. pain management
_____ 11. In A female client with second and third degree burn on the arm receives autografts. Two days later, the nurse
finds the client doing arm exercises. The nurse knows that this client should avoid exercise because it may
a. dislodge the autografts c. increase the amount of scarring
b. increase edema in the arms d. decrease circulation to the fingers
_____ 12. In an industrial accident, a male client that weighs 155 lbs (70kg) sustained a full-thickness burns over 40% of his
body. He’s in the burn unit receiving fluid resuscitation. Which observation shows that the fluid resuscitation is
benefiting the client?
a. A urine output consistently above 100mL/hr
b. A weight gain of 4lb (2kg) in 24 hours
c. Body temperature readings all within normal limits
d. An ECG showing no arrhythmias
_____ 13. A female client is brought to the emergency department with second and third degree burn in the left anterior
leg, and anterior trunk. Using the rule of mines, what is the total body surface area that has been burned?
a. 18% b. 27% c. 30% d. 36%
_____ 14. A male client comes to the clinic for treatment of severe sun burns. The nurse takes this opportunity to discuss
the importance of protecting the skin from the sun’s damaging rays. Which instruction would best prevent skin
damage?
a. “minimize sun exposure from 1pm – 4pm when the sun is strongest”
b. “use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor of 6 or higher”
c. “apply sun screen even on overcast days”
d. “when at the beach, sit in the shade to prevent sunburn”
_____ 15. In a female client with burns on the legs, which nursing intervention helps prevent contractures?
a. Applying knee splints
b. Elevating the foot of the bed
c. Hyperextending the client’s palms
d. Performing shoulder range-of-motion exercises
_____ 16. When planning care for a male client with burns on the upper torso, which nursing diagnosis should take the
highest priority?
a. Ineffective airway clearance related to edema of the respiratory passages
b. Impaired physical mobility related to disease process
c. Disturb sleep pattern related to facility environment
d. Risk for infection related to breaks in the skin
_____ 17. Burns may result from exposure of the skin to high temperature, electrical shock or chemicals. Hypervolemia,
hemodilution, diuresis, hypokalemia, hyponatremia and metabolic acidosis happens during the
a. shock stage c. recovery stage
b. diuretic stage d. all stages
_____ 18. A 5 year old boy is admitted to the hospital with severe burns on his legs, head, and lower abdomen and minor
burns on other surfaces.
The nurse, using the rule of nines to estimate the burned area on the body, would allocate a larger percentage of total
surface area for this child as compared to a child over age 12, if the burns were on the child’s
a. head and neck c. upper extremities
b. lower extremities d. posterior and anterior chest
_____ 19. The nurse would recognize the need for immediate venous access because the child
a. Needs antibiotic therapy as soon as possible
b. Needs fluid losses replaced immediately
c. Needs pain medications delivered through the venous route
d. Needs hyperalimentation
_____ 20. The nurse would formulate a plan of care for the child that includes the nursing diagnosis Fluid Volume deficit
related to an initial primary shift in plasma from
a. intracellular to intravascular spaces c. interstitial to intracellular spaces
b. intravascular to interstitial spaces d. interstitial to intravascular spaces
_____ 21. The nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter, the rationale for this action is to help
a. Decrease the workload of kidneys
b. Ensure adequate urine output measurement
c. Obtain regular urine specimens
d. Prevent urine retention
_____ 22. The nurse observing which of the following signs would suspect that the child is receiving too much intravenous
fluid too rapidly?
a. marked increase in abdominal girth c. dark amber urine
b. capillary refill time of 5 seconds d. moist rates in the lung fields