Introduction

Java is a set of software and specifications developed at Sun Microsystems. There are two
tyes of Java Platforms are JDK (Java Development Kit) and JRE (Java Runtime
Environment). Both are helpful for deploying applications on servers and debugging, JVM
monitoring,developing.

Java 8 Features:
Java 8 provides following features,

 ForEach() method
 Functional interfaces
 Base64 Encode Decode
 Parallel array sorting
 Nashorn JavaScript Engine,
 Parallel Array Sorting
 Type and Repating Annotations
 java.lang and java.util Packages
To know more detailed features go through this link.

Prerequisites
 Ubuntu Server 16.04/18.04 LTS
 SSH access with sudo privileges
To check Ubuntu version:

$ uname -a

OR
$ cat /etc/os-release

Output:
$ cat /etc/os-release

NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="16.04.5 LTS (Xenial Xerus)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.5 LTS"
VERSION_ID="16.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
VERSION_CODENAME=xenial
UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial
Follow the below steps to Install Oracle Java 8 on Ubuntu Manually using command line.

Step 1: Download Oracle Java 8

Generally Oracle will not allow to download directly without accepting their licences. We
have to create one account in Oracle java website by your personal or official mail. After
accepting licence download the application from browser to local machine.

This link takes you to the Oracle home website Oracel Java SRE.
Once you opened above link goto “JAVA SE Development Kit 8u231” section, click on
“Accept License Agreement” Radio button and download “jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz”
setup for ubuntu

After downloading into local machine, using SCP/SFTP/FTP transfer the file from local
machine to Ubuntu server.

Step 2: Copy downloaded Setup and Extract

Create a directory /opt/jdk

$ sudo mkdir -p /opt/jdk

Copy the tar  file from the directory copied from local machine to server to /opt/jdk folder
and execute below command:

$ sudo cp -rf /home/sivasai/jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz /opt/jdk/

$ cd /opt/jdk/

$ sudo tar -zxf jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz

Now unarchived the file and check the content by long-list:

# ls

Step 3: Install Oracle Java 8 on ubuntu with

Alternatives
Use update-alternatives command to configure java on your system

$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java

/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/bin/java 100

After executing above command it shows below output:

Output:
 

update-alternatives: using /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/bin/java to provide

/usr/bin/java (java) in auto mode

Note : Its not particularly o/p if you have installed open jdk before
Step 4: Verify Update Alternatives
Enter below command shows output:

$ sudo update-alternatives --display java

Output:
 

java - auto mode

link best version is /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/bin/java

link currently points to /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/bin/java

link java is /usr/bin/java

/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/bin/java - priority 100

/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/bin/javac - priority 100

To change for alternative mode:

$ sudo update-alternatives --config java

It prompts for selecting by 0,1,2..so choose accordingly:

Output
 

There are 2 choices for the alternative java (providing

/usr/bin/java).

Selection Path Priority Status

------------------------------------------------------------

* 0 /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_211/bin/java 100 auto mode

1 /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/bin/java 100 manual mode

2 /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_211/bin/javac 100 manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:

Step 5: Setting the JAVA_HOME and JRE_HOME

Environment Variables
To define the enviroment variable:

$ sudo nano /etc/environment

Paste the below varible on the file:

JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231

JRE_HOME=/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231/jre

To check variables defined:

$ source /etc/environment
$ echo $JAVA_HOME

Output:
 

/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_231

$ sudo apt-get update

Step 6: Verify Java Version

To check the java version:
$ java -version

Output:
 
java version "1.8.0_231"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_211-b12)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.211-b12, mixed mode)

If you seeing output like above then we have  successfully set up the Java 8 on Ubuntu.

Conclusion
In this article, We have downloaded Oracle Java 8 from official site, installed using
command line, configured JAVA_HOME and JRE_HOME, verified installed
version.