Introduction

The proposed project involves the construction of a 3 storey commercial

building at Kota Damansara, Malaysia. The main components of the Villa are
the basement, ground floor first floor and second floor. The residential villa
will be constructed on a plot of land of 1350 square meters (30m x 50m)

located at Jalan Teknologi 3/1. The location of the project is given in the
figure below.

Project location at Jalan Teknologi 3/1

Objectives
Each design objective is significantly important, yet it is just one aspect of what it takes to
achieve a successful project. A truly successful project is one where project goals are identified
early on and where the interdependencies of all building systems are coordinated concurrently
from the planning and programming phase. Further, all WBDG design objectives: accessible,
aesthetics, cost effective, functional/operational, historic preservation, productive, secure/safe,
and sustainable and their interrelationships must be understood, evaluated, and appropriately
applied and these objective are –
Accessible
It involves the building elements, heights and clearances implemented to address the
specific needs of disabled people, to give them Equal Access and Flexibility.

Aesthetics

It is the physical appearance and image of building elements and spaces as well as the integrated
design process.

Cost-effective

The building elements on the basis of life-cycle costs (weighing options during concepts, design
development, and value engineering) as well as basic cost estimating and budget control.

Functional/operational

It is the building functional programming—spatial needs and requirements, system performance

as well as durability and efficient maintenance of building elements.
Productive
It involves people well-being—physical and psychological comfort—including building
elements such as air distribution, lighting, workspaces, systems, and technology.
Secure/Safe
When doing the construction the safety of the worker and The building physical protection of
natural hazards.
Sustainable
The building should be Pertains to environmental performance of building elements and
strategies.

Scope
The Project Management describes ‘scope’ as ‘The totality of outputs, outcomes and benefits and
the work required to produce them’ and ‘scope management’ as ‘The process whereby outputs,
outcomes and benefits are identified, defined and controlled’.

In construction, the term ‘scope of work’ (sometimes described as a ‘scope of works’ or

‘statement of work’) is a very general, and sometimes ambiguous term referring to a general
description of the work that is expected to be performed under a particular contract. It may be
prepared by the client or their consultants and included in tender documentation for construction
works.

The nature of the scope of work can vary significantly from project to project. Sometimes it will

simply offer a very broad description of the works required, whilst sometimes it provides a
complete description of the project, significant milestones, a programme of work with the
expected timeframes for delivery, reports, pricing, deliverables, roles and responsibilities and
end products that are to be provided.

A scope of work can be a useful way of agreeing broad project requirements for both

the client and supplier. However, errors or inconsistencies with other contract
documentation can lead to confusion and uncertainties which are often cited as a cause
of disputes on construction projects.

It is common for changes to be required to the scope of work after the contract has been

awarded. Most forms of contract make provisions for the contract administrator to instruct
reasonable variations which may give rise to additions or deductions from the contract sum,
however, these variations must not change the nature of the works themselves. In some cases,
the works may be tendered before the scope of work is known in detail. In this case, provisional
sums may be included in the contract, or flexible procurement routes adopted such
as measurement contracts or prime cost contracts.

The term ‘scope of work’ is generally used to refer to construction activities, however, a ‘scope
of services’ which describes the services a consultant will be performing on a project may also
sometimes be referred to as a scope of work.

Confusingly, the term ‘scope of work’ can also use interchangeably with the term ‘schedule of
work’. However, a schedule of work has a more specific meaning, referring to
'without quantities' instructional lists often produced on smaller projects or for alteration work as
an alternative to bills of quantities, allowing the pricing of items such as builders work and
fixing schedules.