DIGESTION BOLUS- When food is still inside the mouth.

Phases include: ESOPHAGUS

1. Ingestion
2. Deglutition PERISTALSIS- moves food from the throat to
3. Digestion stomach using muscle movement.
4. Absorption
5. Elimination STOMACH
- J shaped muscular bag that stores the
food you eat, breaks it down into tiny
Types of digestion: pieces.

-> MECHIANICAL CHYME - Food inside the stomach.

- Physical
- Chew SPHINCTER- Prevents back flow of the food
- Tear
- Grind SMALL INTESTINE
- Mash - 7 feet long
- Mix
VILI- Lining of the intestine walls has finger
-> CHEMICAL like projection
- Enzymatic reactions 1. Duodenuum
- Carbohydrates 2. Jejenum
- Proteins 3. Lienum
- Lipids LA R G E I N T E S T I N E
- Colon
GASTRO INTESTINAL TRACT - 5 feet long
- Direct link/path between organs - Accepts what small intestines does not
- Tube within a tube absorb
- Structures -Absorbs more water
-Mouth -Ascending
-Esophagus -Transverse
-Pharynx -Descending
-Stomach
APPENDIX
TEETH - Vestigal structure
- Mechanically break down food into - No body function
small pieces.

EPIGLOTTIS - Is a flap like structure

at the back of the throat that closes
over the trachea preventing food
from entering it.

PHARYNX - Way of food/air.

ACCESSORY ORGANS 6. HEMORRHOIDS- Are blood vessels that
- Not a part of the path of the food but play are in and around the anus and lower
a critical role rectum that have become swollen
due to stretching and pressure
> LIVER - Compacted stool.
- Produce bile 7. APPENDICITIS- Irritations, inflammation,
and infection of the appendix.
BILE- helps digest fats - Persistent pain in the lower
- filters out the toxins & waste including right abdomen
drugs and alcohol. 8. PICA- Eating disorder
- Iron-defficiency
> GALL BLADDER - Malnutrition
- Stores bile from the liver, releases it into - Poverty
small intestines 9. GASTRO ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
- Heart burn
DISORDERS & DISEASES - - Acid indigestion
OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 10. INDIGESTION/DYSPEPSIA
- Impaired digestion
1. DIARRHEA- Large intestines cannot - Food digestion
maintain the usual level of the water
absorption. -Eating too fast
- Watery waste & painful - Fullness
stomach. 11. FLATULENCE- Excessive amount of gases
stored in digestion system.
2. CONSTIPATION- Too slow peristalsis 12. COLITIS- Inflammation of the lining
movement. colon.
- lack of fiber.
- Stool becomes hard and
compacted.
3. HEPATITIS- Inflamation of the liver due to
excessive consumption of alcohol or
viral infection.
- Yellowing of the skin and
white part of the eyes.
4. GALLSTONES- Formation of crystal
usually from too much cholesterol.
- Severe sudden pain in the
upper right abdomen.
5. PEPTIC ULCER- Open sores found in GI
tract.
- Caused by a bacterium
helico bacter pylori and long
term use of anti inflammatory
drugs.