Developing Potential Agriculture Land Detector For
Determine Suitable Plant Using Raspberry-Pi
1st Anggy Pradiftha Junfitrhana, 2nd Muhammad Labib Langlangbuana, 3rd Wahidin Abdul Fatah, 4th Susilawati
1st Department of Electrical Engineering, 2nd,3rd,4th Departement of Informatics Engineering
STT Nusa Putra
Sukabumi, Indonesia
mr.pradiftha@nusaputra.ac.id, m.labib@nusaputra.ac.id, abd.fatah@nusaputra.ac.id, susilawati@nusaputra.ac.id
Abstract — Potential agriculture land is essential to improve
crop productivity. Unfortunately, the process of detecting good
agricultural land is not easy, this cause problem when the plants
used are unsuited to certain soil conditions and others
parameter. This paper proposes a system for detecting the soil
state by building a portable device using Raspberry-Pi and
several sensors to obtain parameters of ground altitude, air
humidity, soil moisture, and air temperature. The result shows
the potential of the crop to be planted in the field, and provide
the coordinates of each farming land to know the position of
farmland. This research contributes to the improvement of
agricultural produce, especially for farmers in determining the
types of plants that suitable for planting.
Keywords—raspberry-pi, land detector, suitable plant,
smart farming, GPS.
I. INTRODUCTION
Indonesia's land is made up of various geological
(lithologic), terrain, and climatic formations, which are the
main factors of soil formation and largely determine its
potential for agriculture. Due to land conversion and
degradation, the availability of potential agricultural land in
Indonesia is limited. According to recent data, the rate of
conversion of fertile agricultural land to non-farmland reaches
no less than 110,000 ha/year, and some even estimate 145,000
ha/year, the decrease in the potential land has resulted in low
yields of farmers. With these conditions, it should be able to
exploit the potential of existing land by planting the right
crops.
With the decline of agricultural land, the problem faced is
how to detect potential lands remaining for planting suitable
plants for maximum yield. Sustainability Soil fertility is the
key to success of a farm business. However, if a perfect
farming process, not supported with the fertility of the soil that
surely would not bring maximum results, besides that the
determination of the type of plant suitable for planting will be
affected by the height of the soil, ambient temperature,
humidity and soil moisture.
To resolve the farming issues, the prototype of potential
agriculture land detector developed. The device is built using
the raspberry pi as a minicomputer to process all data (input)
from the sensors into information (output) in the form of soil
fertility and suitable plant species. Several sensors bmp180 as
barometric, GPS, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and
soil moisture sensor.
The contribution of this paper is a simple tool of soil
fertility measure so that Indonesian farmers can easily detect
soil fertility, knowing every position of farmland, and
Determine the type of plants that fit all the time and easy to use
and to carry.
II. RELATED WORK
Research related to the detection of agricultural land,
especially about the level of soil moisture becomes a crucial
factor to support the sustainability of the plant. In this paper [1]
proposed a system for detecting soil moisture by using soil
moisture sensors and an ESP8266-12 microcontroller by using
the losant platform. The results show that the data obtained
from the sensor can be visualized in real time. Other research
related to soil detection [2]. Where in the research used
Arduino UNO microcontroller. This system can determine the
time of water supply to reach the roots, when the soil moisture
measurement process, Thereby increasing cost efficiency. The
wireless data transfer process to obtain soil moisture value is
also proposed in papers [3], [4] where the microcontroller
connected to the ZigBee protocol as part of the wireless sensor
network. The user can monitor the results through GSM
communication.
The development of computer technology today has led to
portable devices, one of them is a mini computer namely
Raspberry-Pi. In paper [5] Raspberry-Pi is used to monitor
climate or weather in places. Also, some used for peanut
farming[6]. Related to the detection of tomato plants is also
proposed in paper [7] the result is to know the level of insects
that can disrupt the existing plant. To regulate the irrigation of
a raspberry farm is also used in the study [8]
In this paper, Raspberry-Pi is used as the main control of
data processing by using several sensors to detect soil
moisture, humidity, and soil altitude. The type of plant that is
suitable to be planted is of course influenced by the height of
the location, therefore in this study GPS used as a detector of
soil height.
The Integration between ground sensors with the Internet of
Things (IOT) for irrigation arrangements in agriculture was
also undertaken in the study [9]. From several related studies
that have been done and made a tool that can detect suitable
land for various types of plants on soil conditions, humidity,
and air altitudes are suitable to use minicomputer, Raspberry-
Pi.
III. DESIGN OVERVIEW
Fig. 1. System Connection
Raspberry-pi serves as a central controller for all sensors.
Consist of: GPS and DHT22 that will provide the data of air
temperature and air humidity which GPS will connected via
USB port and thread Boot Up or search for the first signal then
looping the data, soil moisture sensor connected to MCP3008
as ADC (Analog Digital Converter), BMP 180 connected via
I2C communications located GPIO2 and GPIO3.
Fig. 2. Development groove software
Open terminal based on python IDE created programs in
the terminal using the Nano command (sudo-nano). Import
module is used after all the sensor packages have been
installed, before creating a program, sensor module will be
declared.
DHT22 sensor programming created to detect air
temperature and detect air humidity, otherwise bmp 180
performs a barometer programming to detect air temperature
(Dry ball), air pressure, sea surface pressure, and terrain
altitude.
MCP3008 Programming serves as ADC IC (analog-digital
converter) to convert analog data signal from the soil moisture
sensor into digital data signal that will be processed in the
central controller.
USB GPS programming; make GPS programming to detect
longitude, latitude, altitude, and Time zone. Combining
program sensor to unify the program to run simultaneously and
input the plant data to consider what crops are suitable when
detecting on a field. The data will be presented into a CVS-
based database or table.
Fig. 3. Device Structure
The proposed device has a fairly robust structure, with
appropriate dimensions that can be easily used by users on
several different land types. The control unit (raspberry-pi) is
placed in a protected area to reduce the range of external
interference as rain, all sensors are also placed in a good
location to work optimally.
 Fig. 4. Interaction Screen

For the device interaction screen, SSH is performed as SBC

control using a dedicated connection path, generally using IP
communications. Tight VNC server aims to display a virtual
desktop GUI lifted in SSH communications, which will display
a desktop screen on the user's computer. This interaction screen
method is another way to show Raspberry-pi display in Fig. 6. Implemetation and testing the device.
addition to using a computer monitor.

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Fig. 7. Temperature Graph

The Graph shows the temperature change that occurs when

the system starts to work based on the input data obtained from
the sensor.

Fig. 5. Experimental Scheme

Experimental scheme is attempted to obtain the results of

the designed system, two soil moisture sensors embedded in
the ground then connected with the MCP3008 which will
convert analog signals from the soil moisture sensor to a digital
signal, which is connected to raspberry-pi. DHT22 installation
to be barrier-free in order to work well to detect temperature
and humidity. Installation of BMP180 must be barrier-free to
detect air pressure, sea level pressure, air temperature, and high Fig. 8. Air Moisture Graph
altitude runs smoothly. Installation of GPS in open space with
no obstacles to facilitate the data retrieval from more than one The graph shows air humidity change that occurs when
satellite, GPS will display complete data when connected to 4 the system starts to work based on the input data obtained from
satellites. VNC aims to replace the monitor screen replaced the sensor
with Virtual Monitor via SSH communication.

Fig. 9. Average graph of soil moisture
The graph shows the average change in soil moisture
obtained from 2 pieces of soil moisture sensor used. Detection
results from DHT22 and soil moisture sensors and displays
the appropriate plant data for the environment. Data is
emerging in the form of optimum data, intermediate data, and
low-grade data that depends on the appropriate plant data to the
environment.
Fig. 10. Data Result
Based on testing that has been done the system built can
show good results, where the display some data on the sensors
readings can be obtained and the program designed to bring the
appropriate plant types on the condition of the land or some
other plants that are close to or possible planted.
V. CONCLUSION
This paper proposed a device to detect potential land for
farm field using Raspberry-pi as a single board computer
(SBC). This device measures physical factors in agriculture,
such as temperature, air humidity, air pressure, and ground
altitude. The sensors that are used in this device consists of
DHT22 sensors, two soil moisture sensors, bmp180
(barometer), and GPS. The designed system is implemented
and tested in real conditions. the measurement results show
accurate data from sensor readings. programs that have been
designed to process the data generated then match with the
data of plants that have been previously stored in the data
base. the system can display the appropriate plant species
under tested soil conditions, such as the optimum plant
species or close ones to allow for planting. In addition, the
tool will show and store the coordinates of each agricultural
land as a mapping that can be used to determine the position
of agricultural land and plants suitable for planting.
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