EDITOR'S DESK

Dear Readers,

Indeed , we are honoured and privileged to be a part of the Department of Textile

Technology's journey through the department magazine Texpression. We are proud to say that
this college magazine is an outcome of hard work of credential people to bring out this
magazine.

It is an honour that our college has a collection of versatile students who have an
acuity acumen to speak about the advancements and ideas in the field of Textile and Apparel.
We believe that readers will be invigorated after reading these articles. The articles strike a
propinquity in dealing with the sensitive and unique ideas.

The Editorial Board thanks the members for their meritorious and sincere effort into
bringing out the magazine. Indebt gratitude is shown to the Department for their
encouragement and co-operation rendered for the successful completion of this magazine.

Hence, we once again bow down our heads for the untiring efforts taken by the faculty
members for the upliftment and progress of the magazine.

Happy Reading!!
Editors,
Brindha P
Quanitha Sadaf M
B.Tech,7th Semester
CONTENTS

Magazine Team

About the Inauguration

History and Activities of AOAT & AOTT

Forthcoming activities of AOAT & AOTT

Biofabrication Leather

ERP Software

Fungus to Fibre

Sustainable seaweed Fabric - Seacell

Aloevera – Microfibre Fabric

Energy Conservation in Spinning process

A sketch

MAGAZINE TEAM
 QUANITHA SADAF M BRINDHA P
Editor, AOAT Editor, AOTT

PADMA VISALAKSHI RM SHANMUGAPRIYA S

Junior Editor, AOAT Junior Editor, AOTT

ABOUT THE INAUGRATION The inaugural function of Association

of Apparel Technologists (AOAT) and
Association of Textile Technologists
(AOTT) for Texplosion & Festido '19 took
place on 7th of September, 2018 in the Secretary, AOAT, addressed the gathering
Raman Auditorium. The auditorium was and the guest of honour. She stressed the
buzzing with vibrant energy as the crowd importance of the association in the holistic
was overwhelmed with joy and happiness. development of the students.

The dignitaries lead by our own

Dean, Mr. Meenakshi Sundaram, our Head
of the Department Dr .S.Subramanian, the
Chief Guest Mr. A.P.S.Velu, CEO, Ecotech
Software Pvt. Ltd, the faculty advisors Dr.
M. Renuka Devi (Apparel Technology) and
Dr. V.R. Giri Dev (Textile Technology)
occupied the dais along with the presidents
of both the associations.

The inaugural function started with

the “Tamilthaai Vaazhthu” followed by
lighting up of the lamp. Jayaroopinni.S.S,
 Navamithra of final year Textile
Technology spoke about the chief guest after
which the chief guest was honoured by the
HOD.
The history and activities of AOAT &
AOTT was presented by Vijayakumar.S,
President of AOTT and the forthcoming
activities and theme was explained by Vishal
Raswanth.M, President of AOAT.
The Chief Guest then addressed the
gathering with his valuable and motivational
words. The office bearers' were felicitated by
the Guest of Honour after the Chief Guest
addressing. The programme ended with the
Vote of Thanks by Asshika.S, Vice-
President, AOTT and National Anthem.
A Guest Lecture was organised by the
association on Enterprise Resource Planning
(ERP) software for the students of Apparel
and Textile Technology stressing on the uses
and importance of ERP in the garment
industry with increased production and
reduced lead time.
HISTORY AND ACTIVITIES OF AOAT & AOTT

ABOUT TEXPLOSION & FESTIDO'19

Texplosion and Festido is a national wide technical symposium of Department of Textile

Technology, which has been organized by Association of Apparel Technologists (AOAT) and
Association of Textile Technologists (AOTT).

It serves as an opportunity for students to showcase their innovative ideas in the field of
Textile and Apparel. Texplosion and Festido showcases the creative, designing and managerial
skills of students. The previous edition has also seen many scholars and researchers from
various prestigious institutions presenting their path-breaking ideas, there by instigating the
scientific temper in the minds of students. Thus it serves as a confluence for researchers,
scholars and students who are united in their quest for knowledge and innovation.

Many versions of our symposium have been witnessed in past years such that the
prominence attained through them cannot be destroyed until the life in earth. Since the
inception of Texplosion and Festido from a Small scale convention to a National level
colloquium, it has completed 25 editions since 2008 and has 30+ events conducted both online
and directly. Informative and practical workshops are being conducted to enrich student’s
knowledge and it has 300+ participants from 20+ colleges including IIT and NIFT.
MITHRALAYA

‘Poverty should not be a hurdle to success’

The associations also award ‘Mithralaya’ scholarships to help meritorious and deserving
students from economically weak background. It was initiated by the batch of 2009 and
scholarships are awarded to the most deserving student of Textile for a period of two semesters
and for a period of one semester for Apparel students.

TEXPRESSION

Texpression is a magazine run annually by the students of the Department of Textile

Technology. It is published annually and is an integral part of Texplosion. The magazine
features articles relating to the latest innovations in the field of Textile, Apparel and Fashion. It
also features interviews of eminent and inspirational personalities. Thus the magazine
encourages the students to showcase their scholastic and artistic side.
FORTHCOMING ACTIVITIES OF AOAT & AOTT

THEME “Indian Heritage”

TAGLINE “Indigeneity is our Identity”

The theme for Texplosion & Festido'19 has been chosen as Indian Heritage. This theme
was selected to create awareness about the rich heritage of our country and to revive the
declining hand loom sector. The events which will be conducted in future will be based on our
theme in order to show the importance of our heritage.

ILLUMINATE

Illuminate is a series of small activities and events conducted for the students by the
association. This includes activities like sketching, draping, debates, workshops and interactive
sessions for the junior students to develop interaction between the juniors and seniors. This not
only develops the interaction among students but it also improves the skill of the students in
these fields.

TEXPRESSION

The association has planned to publish three editions of Texpression this year along with
the annual magazine.

BIOFABRICATION LEATHER

Leather is one of the oldest materials in
the world, created by killing an animal,
stripping its skin of hair and fat, and treating
the leftover materials with oils and chemicals
(or way back in the day, urine and lime).
Ancient Egyptians made leather sandals;
cowboys rode on leather saddles. If any
material seems outside the reach of innovation,
it’s leather.
The startup is revealing its product
for the first time at an exhibit focusing on
the future of fashion at the Museum of
Modern Art in New York this fall. The
company has designed a T-shirt created
with its liquid biofabricated leather, called
Zoa, to showcase the materials’ properties
and various uses.
The company began growing
collagen–which is essentially what is left
over after the hair, fat, and tissues are
removed from skin–from yeast.

But Modern Meadow, a startup founded

in 2011, thinks otherwise. Those test tubes and
vats in the facility in Nutley are integral to its
process of growing what it’s calling the world’s
first biofabricated leather, made not from
But of course yeast does not, in and
animals, but from lab-grown collagen that’s
of itself, produce a collagen that perfectly
assembled into flexible, adaptable forms of a
mimics the collagen found in animal skin.
new, leather-esque material that has the same

Through a process of DNA editing,

Modern Meadow adds two other enzymes
properties as animal skins, but much less of the
(which they won’t name) to the yeast
footprint.
culture (which is rather beer-like in color)
to enable it to produce collagen that effectively
replicates skin protein. Those collagen strains
ferment, they coalesce into a malleable network
of fibers.
modeled in the T-shirt at the MoMA, can
act almost like paint–the material can be
drizzled into almost Jackson Pollock-like
patterns. It can also act as an adhesive. The
MoMA shirt is a patchwork of mesh and
cotton, joined together by the liquid leather,
which merges seamlessly with the other
materials.

Thus,the modern meadow is creating a

material that is leather-like in its fundamental
physical properties. But what makes it really
resemble different forms of leather is how it is
treated after it’s produced.

The Modern Meadow team is able to

create not just a uniform sheet of leather

(though it can certainly do that), but a whole

variety of materials. There’s a paper-thin
leather that can be poured onto fabric as a T-
shirt applique; there’s a thick, pebbled hide that
could form a handbag. Zoa, the liquid leather
 productive with the aspect of growing the
business and making it profitable.

BENEFITS OF ERP SOFTWARE

• Improve data quality and

accessibility
• Improve reporting and planning
• Improve collaboration
• Improve visibility
-Adhisankari T,
• Improve supply chain management
B.Tech, Apparel Technology,
• Improve customer satisfaction
3rd year, Department of Textile
• Reduce time and effort
Technology.
• Reduce costs

• Facilitate regulatory compliance

ERP SOFTWARE • Facilitate data information
• Facilitate standardized and
ERP is an acronym for Enterprise simplified business
Resource Planning which involves systems and
applications used by businesses and ERP TRENDS
organizations to manage day-to-day activities
and operations. These activities include Cloud ERP: Cloud hosted ERP platforms
accounting, sales and marketing, procurement, have introduced cheaper, faster and more
manufacturing, project management and others. powerful solutions to the ERP suite,
making it accessible not only to enterprise
users but also to small growing companies.
It connects and ties together the varied
business processes in an organization in order
Mobile ERP: With more customers now
to make it work smoothly, efficiently, and to be
making purchases via mobile devices, business
will look to more mobiles ERP solutions for
instant reports, data, and insights as well as to
undertake core business processes while on the
go.
Social ERP: The rise of social media as a vital
channel for customer engagement has added an
important functionality to modern ERP
software. Social media packages are now being
added to ERP systems to monitor, track and
process social interaction data.
Modular ERP: Modular ERP has been an
attractive come on for non-enterprise users as it
allows them to select and acquire only certain
modules or feature applications to match the
requirements of their business. Also, it lessens
acquisition cost compared to getting a full
suite.
NEED FOR ERP IN FASHION INDUSTRY:
ERP in fashion industry is used for
apparel and footwear designing, production,
and supply chain management. A Fashion ERP
system will help to anticipate shopper wishlist,
demand patterns, and achieve clients wherever
they are. Thus the Apparel Management ERP
software is being used in a greater scale to
get a detailed data of orders online, draft
quick query responses, effective control
and monitoring the operations, plan and
schedule order accurately and predict data
in a better way.
It is used in :
• Quality Management,
• Quote Management,
• Purchase Order Management,
• Finance Management,
• Service Management,
• Plant Management,
• HR Management,
• Repetitive Manufacturing,
• Engineering Change Control,
• Production planning and control,
• Shop Floor Control (SFC),
• Manufacturing Resource Planning
(MRP),
• Master Production Schedule,
• Material Requirement Planning
(MRP),
• Inventory Management,
• Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP),
• Warehouse Management,
• Purchasing Management,
• Customer Relationship Management
(CRP),
• Cost Reporting / Management,
• Lot Traceability and BOM

ERP BENEFITS FOR FASHION

INDUSTRY :

1. Reduction in cycle time: Due to the

current framework, allotment of material
2. Reduction in machinery
to particular customer is unrealistic.
downtime: 5% machinery downtime
Such allotments are valuable for planned
is associated to non-accessibility of
deliveries, as there is no chance of the
crude material in the stores. This is
material, which is required by one
because of improper planning and
request, getting consumed by various
correspondence delays at each place
requests. In such cases, prior request
as a result of data recompiling.
would get postponed if material was not
Provoke correspondence combined
accessible in the stock while generation
with successful provider choice
time is spent on the other request, which
module and arranging framework
could have held up without bringing on
would be valuable in cutting down
any issue.
the hardware downtime.
 4. Cost savings: Discounts make
company lose 2% of its sales value,
which are consequence of surplus
3. Increase in sales: 75% clients submit
production.
requests for repeat orders. Three
components namely cost, order and
Executing quality management
delivery influence orders. Incorporated
framework can cut down overabundance
framework will be valuable on this
generation, as management will be sure of
record. Cost is one of the reasons for
the quality from the raw material itself.
losing clients; there is abundant
Proper selection of suppliers, focusing on
extension for cost decrease and in this
quality, cost and delivery aspects of
manner organisation can offer lower
supplier could be achieved through
costs and incentives to draw in clients
supplier developer module.
through incorporated data administration
arrangement.
 5. Customer satisfaction: Deskera Apparel
Management ERP software can cut
down the delivery time for execution of
Apparel ERP Management software
the request and enhance
will help us to overcome the stringent
customer loyalty. This software can be challenges in this industry. The Fashion
exceptionally valuable in keeping
ERP Software because of its modular
up better client relations with incite reaction
and by knowing their history. Very much structure enables quick implementation and
detailed strategies for client exchange will be let us manage financial transactions in a
helpful in having better client relations. It takes
better way and to put our business to a
roughly 3 days to answer any of client’s
inquiries. This period can be slashed down to a standard practice.
day, which will have great effect on client’s
impression of the association.
 ,efficient and alternate clothing in the form
of biofabrication is evolved .

Mushroom make delicious food,but

they also have surprisingly versatile textile
properties. In the right form the material
can be breathable,non-
toxic,soft,antibacterial,and biodegradable.

MYX:
The material is called MYX, from

- Padma Vishalakshi RM, mycelium: the vegetable part of a

mushroom is grown using the oyster
B.Tech, Apparel Technology,
mushroom which is produced during the 3-
3rd year, Department of Textile
4 week period. The
Technology.

technique to generate MYX is designed by

Danish product designer Jonas Edward.
FUNGUS TO FIBRE
The material is a waste product from
TEXTILE FROM MUSHROOMS commercial mushroom production, thus
making it low cost and environmentally
We live in a world of Fast fashion and friendly.
disposable clothing, most people think that is a The material is technically a
disaster because of the growing environmental composite and it is grown on a matrix of
issues. The industry is now working on strands of plant fibre. The fibres in the
recycling and circular fashion. The Current MYX textile are leftovers from clothing
generations expect to own a cloth for a year or and rope production. The fibres are woven
two, before disposing the garment and buying together with the mushroom spores,
new with sustainable abilities. With the help of creating a strong, 3D network of fibres – a
science and forward thinking designers matrix structure that gives the material a
textile feel and allows for new applications. consisting only of pure mycelium.
MycoTEX eliminates the steps of
This project is notable for its idealism.
spinning ,weaving, and sewing garments,
By combining functional products with food thus taking out the costs, time, and energy
production, MYX presents an answer to the this takes. Instead, the fabric is stuck into a
waste problem in sustainable product design. mould and shaped according to the wearer
Manufacture always creates waste, and Jonas wishes. Hoitink used the mycelium
Edward states that it is one of the modules to create a dress 3 dimensional ,
responsibilities of designers to show how which can be adjusted to adapt to fashion
changing design methods can create a new and can be repaired when needed. Once the
garment has served its use, it can be
product experience.
composted. Even length of the garment can
be changed.

MYX fibre structure

MYCOTEX:

Dutch designer Aniela Hoitink founder

of textile firm NEFFA worked on mushroom
textiles. Her goals is to re-thinking the of
Fashion. NEFFA creates sustainable fabric
from mycelium, the roots of mushroom called
as MycoTEX. Hoitink says that her inspiration
Wearable mushroom dress by NEFFA.
comes from observing soft bodies species
which grown by replicating themselves in a The dress was a proof-of-concept,
certain modular pattern. During her research, and at the Dutch Sustainable Fashion
first Hoitink created flexible composite product Week 2016, a wearable garment was
by combining mycelium with textiles. The aim presented and the dress were made in a
became however to develop non-woven textiles collaboration between Hoitink’s company
Neffa Utrecht University, Officine Francisco-based MycoWorks, a group of
Corpuscoli and Mediamatic. engineers, designers, and scientists, are
developing mushroom fashioned into
flexible leather-like clothing, purses, pants,
and even durable furniture and building
bricks is available for more sustainable
planet. According to the MycoWorks
website, mycelium are carbo negative and
can also be naturally dyed any color, so
your mushroom dress or house can be
bright purple, fuchsia etc.

A wearable garment at the sustainable fashion week

by NEEFA

Dyed Mushroom cloth

DYED MUSHROOM CLOTH

MYCOTEX Samples MOGU

According to the Italy's Mogu

agency, which specializes in developing
and scaling-up a range of mycelium-based
MYCOWORKS
technologies , mushroom-based fabric can
Phil Ross and his team at the San be tweaked to be as hard as enamel and
shell-like or as soft and porous as a sponge,
depending on the amount of light, humidity,
exchange of gas, temperature etc.
Mogu has proven that fabric created
from mycelium is non-toxic, waterproof, and
fire-resistant . It can be as thin as paper for
dresses and lamp shades, or incredibly thick
for heavy-duty items, and in both cases, the end
result is remarkably flexible and strong.
There are countless benefits to
producing clothes from mushrooms. Textile
waste is a huge issue for the planet and the
industry is arguably the second largest
contributor to climatic change. Mushroom
is a strong, biodegradable and an easily
manipulated material. In the world of using
jacket made out from cow's skin ,it won't
be any problem in wearing fabric made out
of fungus. So mushroom fungus is really
gonna to be the future of fashion.

People with sensitive skin will love that

mycelium mushroom material is naturally anti-
microbial,according to the National Center for
Microbiology , so sweaty workout gear and
hot-weather clothing won’t create rashes or
-Leelasankari P,
discomfort. In the production of mushroom
B.Tech, Apparel Technology,
fabric, no toxic chemicals or fertilizers are used
3rd year, Department of Textile
and very little water is necessary, so the fabric
is a game-changer for the environment. Technology.

According to World Wildlife

Organization, a cotton T-shirt typically requires JUST TO KNOW
713 gallons of water to produce because of the
amount of cotton required, versus 3 gallons of Construction of new sleeve types
water to create a dress three times the size of a
T-shirt.

WILL MUSHROOM FASHION GO

MAINSTREAM?
A NEW SUSTAINABLE
SEAWEED
FABRIC...SEACELL!

Imagine a fabric that not just

protects the skin, but allow it to absorb
nutrients! What if the ingredients in this
fabric didn’t involve farming or animal
use, but came from an abundant resource,
seaweed, found in our oceans? This is what the
innovative and progressive seaweed fabric,
SeaCell, is all about. We explore whether this
is truly a reality for sustainable fashion.
So, what about the fabric?
Recognising the scope for this material,
Nanonic Incorporated, a corporation based in
Florida, realised the concept of SeaCell; where
cellulose is mixed with seaweed to create a
yarn. After much research they created a fibre
that locks the properties of seaweed into a
wearable fabric.
How is it made?
SeaCell is made from brown algae called
Ascophyllumnodossum, also known as
Knotted Wrack, which is found in the Icelandic
Fjords. Wrack is a wider family of seaweed
which encompasses many different strains
which grow all over world. I’ve even foraged it
on our humble British coastline. The fabric is
manufactured in the same way as lyocell.
Through a solvent-spinning process, cellulose
is directly dissolved in a solvent containing
water. After the washing and retting process,
the solution is filtered and spun through
spinnerets to yield filaments.
Knotted Wrack seaweed on the Irish
Coast.
In SeaCell, seaweed is added as the
active ingredient to lyocell, which is the
functioning substrate. Lyocell stabilises the
seaweed. More details on the lyocell
manufacture process are available here. A
product that locks the properties of a
seaweed into a wearable fabric SeaCell
Properties of SeaCell
SeaCell is a fibre with many
benefits. It is breathable and light. The
fabric feels soft and supple against the skin.
The most impressive aspect of this
fibre, however, is that the nutrients
seaweed are retained in the fibre, which the
skin can then absorb.Natural body moisture
promotes this transfer of nutrients, when
the skin comes in contact with the fabric.
Other impressive properties include
its ability to absorb sweat faster than
cotton. This makes it suitable for
underwear and infant clothing. Seaweed
also contains antioxidants that react with
free radicals in the skin to neutralise them, thus plant. This ensures that the seaweed isn’t
slowing down ageing and reducing skin permanently damaged. Additionally,
damage by the environment. SeaCell Active, cutting the upper portion of the plant in this
which contains silver ions in its fibres, has all manner encourages the plant to sprout
the properties of pure SeaCell as well as some more.
additional benefits. The addition of silver gives
The plant is harvested using special
the fabric enhanced anti-microbial, anti-
machines with blades that do not cause any
bacterial and odour reducing properties,
permanent damage. They are dried
however nano finishing techniques
naturally, coarsely chopped and not
subjected to any chemical treatment. This
ensures that the natural components of the
such as the use of nano silver particles is
plant are retained. Since the resources are
currently under debate, because if these
renewable and the production method is
particles enter wastewater they accumulate in
energy-efficient and environmentally
biosolids (sewage sludge), and as this is often
friendly, this fabric is an eco-friendly one.
disposed of through land application in the
It blends well with other types of fibres,
form of fertiliser, it could potentially affect
and is suitable for activewear due to its
soil-dwelling micro organisms.
softness and breathable characteristics.
Why is it sustainable?
“A new eco-fabric technology that is
It is easy to see why this fabric is energy-efficient to make from renewable
sustainable. Not only is the product resources!”
biodegradable, the manufacturing method also
follows sustainable practices as it conforms to
the Oeko-Tex ® Standard 100

Seaweed is naturally available in our

aquatic ecosystems. Seaweed for use in SeaCell
is collected by Smartfiber AG. They harvest a
batch of seaweed once every four years, and
cut it only above the regenerative part of the
 J.Arthi,
M Chowbala,
M Madhubala,
B.Tech, Textile Technology,
Fabric made from seaweed
3rd year,Department of Textile
Technology.

Seaweed fabric

ALOE VERA

MICROFIBER-FABRIC

The main advantage of Aloe Vera

Microfiber fabric is the finishing touches of
Aloe Vera……..Aloe Vera concentration in
the fabric is very nourishing for the body
mainly for human skin.

The fabric is produced by innovative

technology and is made of polyester
microfibers. Microfibers are half the diameter
than the silk fibre. For an idea- A human hair is
ten times stronger than microfiber. By its nature
the very fabric reminds natural silk. Extra
gentle formula provides extra fabric feel
pleasant to the touch. The fabric is lightweight,
highly absorbent,thick and crease-resistant.
The fabric repels moisture and cold from
the outside, a large number of pores allow an
easy evaporation of sweat. The fabric cools
during the warm nights, and if you are cold on
the contrary it warms. It features excellent
antibacterial and anti-allergenic properties.
Microfiber fabric made from ALOE VERA is
equipped with the final finish, which delivers
exceptional fabric properties. The
contains a 3% extract of the medicinal Aloe
Vera plant.
WHY ALOE VERA?
• The Aloe Vera extract acts as a
natural purifier, as an anaesthetic. Relieves
pain in muscles, joints, etc.
•It is bactericidal when applied in
high concentration for several hours in
direct contact with the bacteria. The fabric
can be disposed of viruses and is fungicidal
under the same conditions as above.
•It is anti-puritic, reduces
bleeding,clotting temperature inflamed
body parts.
•It is anti-inflammatory. It acts as a
natural humidifier adds moisture to all
layers of a human skin, enhances normal
cell proliferation, thus speeding up the
regenerative phase of the healing process.
Micro encapsulation technology
helps to add Aloe Vera in the fabrics
creating endless possibilities in the textile
segment. Aloe Vera content is embedded
into airtight and waterproof micro capsules.
These capsules are miniature containers,
manufactured with a protective polymeric
fabric
coating or melamine shell. These shells are
able to protect its contents from
evaporation, and contamination until it is
released. The capsules are bonded with the This will be more beneficial for the making
fibres during the process when fabric is of infant wears.
manufactured. The capsules open when the
fabric is touched or rubbed. When the garment
is tailored, these capsules remain as a part of
the clothing. When the garment is worn, the
Aloe Vera in the garment is applied on the skin
in a regular basis. This tolerates a temperature
of 130C.

Aloe Vera enriched garments are in

the initial stages of development. Not much
is known about the textile applications of
this wonder, medicinal plant.
This type of fabric is mainly used in
manufacturing inner garments, as they are next
Dermatology tests regarding the
to the skin. Apart from keeping the body warm;
textile applications of these fibres were
it also has some additional functions like
conducted by a research university in
absorbing bad smell, and providing anti-
Germany. A textile research centre in
bacterial features. They are used in the
Krefeld, Germany has successfully
manufacture of under garments, stockings etc.
attempted to apply this substance on the
surface of the material. Currently, these
garments are manufactured in Barcelona,
Spain.
 Days are gone, when people purchased
garments, based on its color, price tag or -E.Ragavi Niranjani,
washability. Clothes are now sought based on N.Sumaiah,
the technical performance J. Vrishni ritvic,
they give. The day has come, when by B.Tech,Textile technology,
wearing a garment; one can avoid the usage of 3rd year, Department of Textile
lotions and creams and also stay young and Technology.
beautiful. Industry experienced people believe
that in the near future almost every piece of
clothing that we use will have one or the other
substance added to it.
ENERGY CONSERVATION
IN SPINNING PROCESS
In textile mill, electricity
consumption is in increasing trend, due to
modernised machines and continuous
usage of the equipments in inefficient
operating parameters. The energy cost is
around 15 %to 20 % over the production
cost and it stands next to raw material cost.

Hence now a day’s area of focus is

towards energy consumption at load end
and by optimizing the efficiency of the
motor. Here, influence of motors and
process of optimisation in textile mill on
energy conservation is discussed with
practical data. The energy consumption for
other than yarn production also gets
increased. These also play a vital role in
increasing the cost of the production of
yarn. These have to analysed and reduced on The ringframe consumes about
our needs. 49.91% of total energy consumption.
This can be reduced by altering some
INTRODUCTION parts of the machine like wharve
diameter, spindle weight, ring rail lift,
The power consumption for yarn ring diameter, traveller weight, cop
production includes two categories: height.
• Primary factor
• Secondary factor WHARVE DIAMETER
The bottom end of the shaft is in
the form of a cap wharve. It is hollow
The primary includes the machinery and can therefore be fitted over the
consumption. The secondary includes the spindle collar
energy consumption for the factors accommodated in the bearing housing.
supporting the yarn production. The
tensile forces generated by the drive
belt
therefore act directly on the bearing,
which
favourably influences the smooth
running of the spindle. However, the
size of the wharve is important as well
as its shape. If
its diameter can be kept small, equally
high
PRIMARY FACTORS spindle speeds can be achieved at lower
The primary factors for energy drive speeds (cylinder/belts). This
conservation of yarn production includes, results in
• Ring frame lower energy consumption. However, in
• RH plant order to ensure that the drive belt
• Autoconer rotates
the spindle slip-free, the diameter of the
RINGFRAME wharve must also not be too small.
Wharve diameters of 19 to 22 mm are
common at present. Bearing section is
bolted firmly to ring rail by nut.
SPINDLE WEIGHT
If the weight of the spindle is more
than the load acted to drive the motor is
more and consequently the torque required
to drive the spindle is more, hence we
required more energy. By using spindles
having lower weight we can conserve some
energy. So spindles having lower weight are
used in industries to conserve energy.
RING RAIL SPEED
The ring rail speed is also an energy
consuming factor. If the ring rail moves at
slower speed, then the coil wind on the cop
is more,simultaneously the energy required
to give the slower speed is small. Thus the
energy get conserved.
TRAVELLER WEIGHT
• Traveller mass
determines the magnitude of
frictional forces between the
traveller and the ring, and these
in turn determine the winding
and balloon tension.
• If traveller mass is too
small, the balloon will be too big
and the cop too soft; material
take-up in the cop will be low.
• An unduly high traveller mass
leads to high yarn tension and many
end breaks. The spindle runs at ideal,
Accordingly, the mass of the traveller
must be matched exactly to both the
yarn (fineness, strength) and the spindle
speed.
• If a choice is available between
two traveller weights, then the heavier
is normally selected, since it will give
greater cop weight, smoother running of
the traveller and better transfer of heat
out of the traveller and better transfer of
heat out of the traveller.
RING DIAMETER
The ring
diameter influence the tension
of the yarn,if it is more,then
the tension also get increased
and vice versa. To conserve
energy we have to use ring having
smaller diameter.
HUMIDIFICATION OF PLANT
Humidification of Plant is also
a most energy consuming factor. In
industry they are using a series of
motors and machines to maintain the
RH for the yarn production. If we
use fog spray for maintaining the
R.H it will reduce the energy
consumed by Humidification Plant.
IMPORTENCE OF R.H
It is well known in textile
industry that the RH and hence the
moisture regain of textile fibres plays
a very important role in the reduction
of static electricity. Virtually all
textile fibres, when completely dry ,
have high electrical resistance.
However, as the RH increases, the
fibres absorb moisture and their
resistance decreases, with a
consequent reduction electrostatic
charges generation.
running. The function of suction
motor is to suck the breaked
thread and get it to splice. To
reduce the continuous running
of suction motor we use
electronic setup to ON/OFF the
suction motor. This will
conserve some energy. By also
having drum less winding we
also conserve some energy.
These setups are now done in
the modern SAVIO ECO
PULSAR S machine. This
machine conserves energy.
SECONDARY FACTOR
LIGHTING
Lighting is the major secondary
factor for energy consumption to produce
the yarn. It consumes about 1.43%By
reduce the power consumed by light we
save energy. The tungsten bulbs are used
for lightening. By using LED bulbs we can
reduce the energy up to its half. The
comparisons of the various types of
lighting are as follows:

AUTOCONER
Autoconer consumes about
9.06% of total energy consumption.
In autoconer machine there is a
suction motor which is continuously
 and not used properly.

WASTE MANAGEMENT
On further the energy also gets
consumed more due to waste. If the waste
-R.Janarthanan,
creates at the ring frame, speed frame then
R.Pazhanishankar,
energy required to process the rover and sliver
B.Tech,Textile Technology,
get calculated as energy to produce waste. This 4th year,Department of Textile
may be corrected by proper selection of the raw Technology.
materials and proper settings in the machine.
For example if the pneumafoil waste
collected at the ring frame is 3% , then the
energy for the production of yarn about 3% get
utilized as waste (i.e.) the energy get wasted
A sketch by V.M. Aishwarya, 3rd year Apparel Technology