AST M STAN DA RD

PVC, CPVCPIPES & FITTINGS

I ND E X

Foreward 4

3P Pipe Commitment 5

Technical Service 6-8

Material properties and performance 9

Fittingd properties 10 - 11

Pipes and fittings standards 12

3P Pipe recommendes good site practice 13

3P - UPVC pipes properties 15

3P - CPVC pipes properties 16 - 24

3P Fittings Schedule 40 25 - 31

3P Fittings Schedule 80 32 - 35

3P CPVC Fittings Schedule 80 36 - 38

3P CPVC Fittings Schedule 80 Brass 39 - 41

3P Guide of cutting and Glueing pipes 45

& Fittings

Table of Chemical Resistance 46 - 50

 FOREWORD

3P Gulf Group is one of the biggest plastics converting group in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, man-
aged by a professional Team which has 45 years of successful history in setting up industrial ven-
tures especially in the field of plastics. The Group, under its umbrella covers many familiar names
like Gulf Packaging System (GPS), Prime Plastic Products Co. (3P) stretch Films Co. 3P Sanitary
Solution (3P PIPE).

3P PIPE has decided to have total solutton for sanitary system from which it can provide true and
reliable products to meet the customer requirement from time to time.

3P PIPE was established in the year 2009 ass the most located at Phase 5 of the industrial city
Jeddah. We are the leading manufacturers of PVC, CPVC pipe and Fittings under the brand name
3P 3P Pipe has specialized in UPVC and CPVC products for over 17 years, priding itself in offering
quality products and service to its customer in Egypt Gulf Manufactures (GM), Dubai (RAKtherm),
When you need a company to fit your needs, 3P sanitary solution is there. It covers a facility area
of 35,000 sqm with annual production capacity of 50,000 MT. The corporate members enjoy the
awareness of latest technology and modern techniques of factory administration.

3P Pipe solution is basically an offshoot of 3P Gulf Group (previously known as Gulf Packaging
Group) has started with various advanced technological equipment / manchinery and have been
following the required international quality Standard like ASTM, DIN, BS, ISO, etc. 3P is model fac-
tory equipped with the most advanced latest technology injection molding machine and extrusion
machinery available. The facility also includes a fully equipped laboratory for the routine testing of
all pipes and fittings produced at our factory, This ensures that 3P Pipes comply with both Saudi
Arabian and International standards.

3P PIPE is the leading manufacturer of PVC & CPVC Pipes and Fitting rangs from 1/2 inch to 8
inch its aim to supply highest quality products consistent with customer’s satisfaction and applicable
standards. . 3P Pipe facilitate research and development technical service team with qualified en-
gineers for continuous improvement in every fuctional area and gaining customer confidence in
its products through services offer before, during and after sales and participation in the national
economy development. 3P Pipe is committed to the welfare and development of Saudi Arabia and
gulf countries by introducing high quality products to the end user.

3P Pipe has also the technical ability to produce PVC compound in house from its initial raw ma-
terials with accurancy of mixing process as for the needs of its valued customers and to meet the
standards.

4
 COMMITMENT

To be an integrated supplier of value added products and services that are technologically appropri-
ate and capable of meeting the market needs in a most satisfied and professional manner.

3P pipe has all infrastructures under one roof where it is capable of meeting the require¬ments of the
local and export markets in a most professional way. It is committed to use only the highly recom-
mended / qualified raw materials and additives to produce quality products.

Our Values:

1. Commitment excellence
2. Customer driven
3. Integrity
4. Team work and involvement
5. Safety
6. Mutual trust and respect

MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILTYAND QUALITY POLICY:

At 3P PIPE, we are committed to:
•Assess the quality of raw materials, semi finished goods and the final products at different stages
of the production process.
• Ensure that the whole production process operates according to the desired standards, and in
case of any deviation(s), necessary corrective action would be taken.
• Suggest measures and plans to improve the standard of goods produced without much of cost
escalation.
• Develop quality consciousness among the various sections for our industrial units.
• Providing products of excellent quality that are consistent with the requirement and expectations
of our customers.
• Implementing and maintaining an effective quality management system.
• Starting for a right time approach to manufacture and commit on the delivery of products.

5
 TECHNICAL SERVICE

Advantages Of 3P Pipes

Flexibility

Mechanical Strength

Impact Strength

Fire Proofing

Easy To Install

Corrosion Resistance

Resistance To Biological Attack And Growth

Resistance To Abrasion

Sanitary

3P Pipe has well equipped technical service department having qualified engineers to provide free
technical advice to civil engineers, contractors, etc, about its products - UPVC, CPVC and PE Pipes
and their application.

3P PIPE also conducts site demonstrations and training to help technicians in

handling and joining of PVC CPVC and PE pipes and fittings. Direct substitu-
tion of UPVC, CPVC and PE pipes in place of tradi¬tional pipes (steel) without
the knowledge of the most efficient methods of their use can never yield their
desired result. Overall advantages and economies are best achieved when
uPVC, CPVC, and PE pipes are used correctly.

6
 TECHNICAL SERVICE

Flexibility:
3P UPVC pipes are regarded as very flexible when properly installed in a trench using suitable bed-
ding and backfill, to withstand reasonable displacement in the pipeline without fracture or great de-
formation. Also, they have a sufficient resistance to bending which may arise from the movement of
un-rigid soils. This property will cause ease in installation and needn’t required of building concrete
foundations to prevent breakage.

Mechanical Strength:
3PUPVC pipes have great modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, compressive strength and relative
hardness compared with other polyolefm systems as they have more ability to withstand loads and
lower tendency to flatten under pressure.
3P UPVC pipes have a great ability to withstand external static loads yielded from soil layers and
mechanical loads.
Also for their higher mechanical strengths, 3P UPVC pipes can withstand the same working pres-
sure with lower wall thicknesses than the other polyolefin’s pipes for the same size, yielding in larger
inside diameter and hence lower pressure drop and lower energy loss especially for long system.

Impact Strength:
3P UPVC pipes have great impact strength over their corresponding cast iron or clay pipes, which
cut losses arising from the breakage due to mishandling during transportation, installation etc.
Fire Proofing:
3P UPVC pipes will not support combustion, and flames are unable to spread and travel through
them according to their high oxygen index value which is a great advantage and hence the pipes are
categorized as fire retardant.

Non Toxic:
3P UPVC pipes are produced from non-toxic
materials, which guarantee its use in drinking
water without harm. Also, UPVC pipes will not
impair the taste, smell or cool of water or any
other liquid and don’t permit the growth of
bacteria or parasites.

7
 TECHNICAL SERVICE

Easy to Install:
3P UPVC pipes reduce transportation, handling, and installation costs. They have smooth seamless
interior walls. They required no special tools or skilled personal, PVC pipes are easier to install than
the cast iron Pipes.

Corrosion Resistance:
3P UPVC pipes being a non-conductor are totally resistant to all types of galvanic and
electrome¬chanical influences which might corrode it. Being non-metallic, 3P UPVC pipes is re-
sistant to any type of corrosion caused by water as well as a large range of industrial liquids and
chemicals from high sulphate soils as well as low hardness water also does not threaten it. This in
turn translates into a longer installed life of the 3P UPVC pipes system.

Resistance to Biological Attack and Growth:

3P UPVC pipes are completely resistant to any microscopic life that it might be exposed to. It does
not offer a nourishing source to any bacterial life from and is completely guaranteed to withstand
any such growth.

Resistance to Abrasion:
3P UPVC pipes are highly resistant to abrasion due to stress from abrasion fluids of excessive
pres¬sure. Tests have shown that 3P UPVC pipes are up to 2.5 times more resistant to abrasions
when compared to steel.

Sanitary:
3P UPVC pipes are entirely non-toxic. It will not affect the taste, smell or color of water or liquid nor
react with any liquid to cause a precipitant.

8
 MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE

The following are the main physical and thermal properties of the uPVC and CPVC material.

General Properties
MATERIAL UPVC UNITS CPVC
Specific Gravity 1.42 g/m3 1.55
Water Absorption <4.0 mg/cm° <4.0
Flammability Will not support combustion
Specific Heat 0.25 Cal/g°c 0.29
Softening Point >80°c Centigrade >93°c

Thermal Properties
MATERIAL UPVC UNITS CPVC
Thermal Conductivity 0.13 Kcal/mh°c .14
Coefficient of linear Expansion 2.9 x 10-3 ln/in/°F 3.4x10-5
Tensile Strength 7000 Psi 8000
Compressive Strength 9600 Psi 10000
Ffexural Strength 950 Kgf/cm2 1020
Izod Impact 140° Ft.lbs/in 1.5

Electrical Properties
MATERIAL UPVC UNITS CPVC
Modulus of Elasticity in tension 400,000 Psi 360,000
Volume of Resistivity Power 1014 Ohm/cm 1015
Factor at 60 Cycle Max. 1.255 % 0.007
Service Temp. 140° F 210°

Note:
• UPVC and CPVC pipes are a non conductor of electricity and also non subject
galvanic of electrolytic attack.
• Electrical equipments should not be earthen to UPVC and CPVC pipes.
• UPVC and CPVC pipes should not be used for compressed air or gas.
• UPVC and CPVC pipes are intended to use for water and approved chemicals
only.

9
 FITTINGS PROPERTIES

Colour:
Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) pipes are available in Grey and White colour (other colours
are available on customer request).

Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) pipes are available in light Grey colour.

Fittings are Available in Following Colours:

Schedule 40 PVC fittings White
Schedule 80 PVC Fittings Dark Grey
Schedule 80 CPVC Fittings Light Grey
PVC non pressure pipe fittings Golden Brown.

Why PVC and CPVC used for 3P Pipes & Fittings?

The PVC and CPVC compound used for 3P pipe and fittings are selected for their non-toxic proper¬ties
which make them suitable for use with portable water systems.

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride):

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used thermo-plastic material used for pipes and
fittings. PVC has been used successfully many years in such areas as chemical processing, portable
water line, industrial plating, drainage, and electrical insulation and irrigation systems. The maximum
service temperature of PVC is 140°F it cat} be used for injection molding extrusion and blow molding
thermoforming.

PVC characterized by high physical policy and resistance to corrosion and chemical item by acids, al-
kalis salt solutions and many other chemicals. Grade used in plastic piping system, Type 1, Grade 1,
PVC ( cell classification 12454-B) conforming to ASTM D-1784 is superior with respect to the above
properties.PVC has the highest long term hydro static strength at 73°F of any of the major thermo-
plastic being using for piping systems. PVC is joined by solvent cementing, threading and flanging.

PVC material is used for plumbing system to manufacture pipe and fittings by injection molding and
extrusion process. PVC pipes are used underground are above ground in buildings. PVC material is
resistant to many ordinary chemicals such as acids, bases, salts and oxidants.

10
 FITTINGS PROPERTIES

PVC pipes and fittings are used for following advantages.

• Easy to install and handle.

• Provide long service life.
• Cost effective.
• Environmentally friendly.
• Corrosion resistant.

CPVC (Chlorinated poly vinyl chloride):

Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is a thermo plastic material used for pipes and fittings for
higher temperature applications It has good dimension stability, excellent chemical resistance, good
elec¬trical properties. It is used for hot and cold water distributions the maximum service tempera-
ture of CPVC is 210°F. Type 4, Grade 1 CPVC (cell classifications 23477-B) conforming at 73°F
similar to those of PVC and its chemicals resistance is similar to or generally better than that of PVC.
Over period of about 25 years proven to be an excellent material for hot corrosive liquids, hot and
cold water distribution.

CPVC material is used for plumbing system to manufacture pipe and fittings by injection molding and
extrusion process. CPVC piping which is suitable for hot and cold water distribution has a 400 PSI
pressure rating at room temperature and 100 PSI pressure rating at 180°F.

Since CPVC material do not support combustion they cannot burn without an external fuel source
this properties makes CPVC pipe and fittings an attractive, alternative to steel and copper. CPVC fire
sprinkler piping system is approved for lights hazard applications.

CPVC pipes and fittings are used because of following advantages.

• Easy to install and handle.
• Provide long service life.
• Cost effective.
• Environmentally friendly.
• Corrosion resistant.

11
 PIPES AND FITTINGS STANDARDS

3P UPVC and CPVC pipes and fittings are manufactured according to ASTM
standard (American society for testing and materials). 3P pipes and fittings
are available under the brand name 3P.

ASTM D- 1784:
This specification covers Rigid PVC and CPVC compounds used for pipe ex-
trusion and molded fittings.

ASTM D- 1785:
It covers the UPVC pipe requirements and test methods for schedule 40 and
schedule 80.

ASTM D- 2466:
It covers schedule 40 UPVC plain socket pressure fittings.

ASTM D- 2467:
It covers Schedule 80 UPVC plain socket pressure fittings.

ASTM D- 1784:
It covers Schedule 80 UPVC threaded socket pressure fittings.

ASTM F-441:
It covers Schedule 80 CPVC pressure pipes.

ASTM F-441:
It covers Schedule 80 CPVC socket pressure fittings.

ASTM D- 2665:
It covers Schedule 40 DWV-UPVC pipes.

NOTE:
3P CPVC pipes for hot water application is manufactured from 1/2 inch to 2
inch these pipes are available in standard length of 6 meters.
3P UPVC pipes are manufactured from !/2 inch to 8 inch these pipes are
available in standard length of 6 meters. Other lengths are considered on
customer’s request.

12
 Recommended Good Site Practice

Handling:
• Take all necessary care when handling PVC and CPVC fittings and pipes.
• For lifting purpose do not use metal chain and hooks.
• Used protective slings and padded supports.
• Store 3P pipe solvent cement and cleaning fluid in a cool place out of direct sun light and away
from any heat source.
• While transport pipe should be arranged safely on trucks avoiding crossing, bending and over-
stocking.
• The pipe must be cut with a fine saw. Big saw teeth would damage the pipes. The cut has to be
vertical.
• The pipe end should be smoothly chamfered to an angle of 15° to ensure better jointing and avoid
damaging the
rubber ring.
• It is not recommended to shorten the fittings as it could result in defective joints.
• Connected pipes and fittings need to be fitted straight. Otherwise it could result in leakage at seal-
ing points.
• For threaded connections always used Teflon tape or approved paste thread sealant.

Future Products of 3P Pipe:

• Flush Tank.
• Outflow Wve.
Inlet “Valve.
• Electrical Conduits Fittings.
• Toilet seat Cover.
• Strainer.
• Mirror Frames

13
 T H E LA R G EST P IP E
MA N U FACT U R ER
I N T H E M ID D E L EA ST
14
 UPVC PIPES PROPERTIES

MATE RIA L
Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (UPVC)
GENERAL PROPERTIES
a. Specific Gravity 1.42gm/cm 3
b. Water Absorption 4 gm/cm 2
c. Flammability will not support combustion

THE RMAL PR O PERTI ES

a. Softening Point 80°C
b. Specific Heat 0.25cal/°C
c. Thermal Conductivity 0.13cal/cm-h-°C
d. Coefficient of Linear Expansion 6.7x10- 5 °C
e. Elongation at Break 10-50%

ME CHA NI CA L PR O PERTI ES
a. Ultimate Tensile Strength 475 - 525 kgf/cm 2
b. Compressive Strength 670kgf/cm 2
c. Flexural Strength 950 kgf/cm 2
d. Impact Strength 4-4.5 joules
e. Modulus of Elasticity 3.2x10 kgf/cm

E L ECTRICA L PR O PERTI ES
a. Volume Resistivity 10 14 ohm/cm
b. Surface Resistivity 10 l2 ohm/cm
c. Power Factor (at 10 cycles; 3.0

UPVC is a non-conductor of electricity and also non-subject to galvanic

or electrolytic attack. Electrical equipments should not be earthened to
(UPVC) pipes.

COLOUR
White, Iron Grey, Cement Grey, Orange Brown.

15
 CPVC PIPES PROPERTIES

MATERIA L

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC)

GENERAL PROPERTIES
a. Specific Gravity 1.56 gm/cm3
b. Water Absorption 7 gm/cm 2
c. Flammability will not support combustion

THE RMAL PR O PERTI ES

a. Softening Point 93°C
b. Coefficient of Linear Expansion 5.3 x10- 5 °C

ME CHA NI CA L PR O PERT I ES
a. Ultimate Tensile Strength 575 kgf/cm 2
c. Flexural Strength 1018 kgf/cm 2
d. Impact Strength 11 joules

E L ECTRICA L PR O PERTI E S
a. Volume Resistivity 10 14 ohm/cm
b. Surface Resistivity 10 l2 ohm/cm
c. Power Factor (at 10 cycles; 3.0

UPVC is a non-conductor of electricity and also non-subject to galvanic

or electrolytic attack. Electrical equipments should not be earthened to
(UPVC) pipes.

COLOUR
Dusty Grey and light Ivory

16
 ASTM D - 1785
SCHEDULE 40 & 80
Pressure application

SCHEDULE 40 SCHEDULE 80
Normal Outside Diameter Pressure Pressure
Size (mm) Wall Thickness (mm) Rating Wall Thickness (mm) Rating
(inch)
MIN MAX MIN MAX PSI MIN MAX PSI

1/2 21.24 21.44 2.77 3.28 600 3.73 4.24 850

3/4 26.57 26.77 2.87 3.38 480 3.91 4.42 690

1 33.27 33.53 3.38 3.89 450 4.55 5.08 630

1 - 1/4 42.03 42.29 3.56 4.07 370 4.85 5.43 520

1 - 1/2 48.11 48.41 3.86 4.19 330 5.08 5.68 470

2 60.17 60.47 3.91 4.42 280 5.54 6.20 400

2 - 1/2 72.84 73.20 5.16 5.77 300 7.01 7.85 420

3 88.70 89.10 5.49 6.15 260 6.62 8.53 370

4 114.07 114.53 6.02 6.73 220 8.56 9.58 320

6 168.00 168.56 7.11 7.97 180 10.97 12.29 280

8 218.70 219.46 8.18 9.17 160 12.70 14.22 250

10 272.67 273.43 9.27 10.39 140 15.06 16.86 230

o
Pressure Rating @ 23 C

Standard Leghth : 4,5.8 & 6 meters

Color : Schedule 40 - White
Schedule 80 - Grey
Socket Type : Solvent weld & Plain End

Note: Will be manufactured as PVC-1 120

17
 ASTM D - 2241 - SDR SERIES
Pressure application

SDR 41 SDR 32.5 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR17 SDR 13.5

Normal Outside
100 PSI 125 PSI 160 PSI 200 PSI 250 PSI 315 PSI
Size Diameter (mm)
(inch) Wall Thickness (mm)
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max

1/2 21.24 21.44 1.57 2.08

3/4 26.57 26.77 1.52 2.03 1.57 2.08 1.98 2.49

1 33.27 33.53 1.52 2.03 1.60 2.11 1.96 2.46 2.46 2.97

1 - 1/4 42.03 42.29 1.52 2.03 1.63 2.13 2.01 2.52 2.49 3.00 3.12 3.63

1 - 1/2 48.11 48.41 1.52 2.03 1.85 2.36 2.29 2.80 2.84 3.35 3.58 4.09

2 60.17 60.47 1.85 2.36 2.31 2.82 2.87 3.38 3.56 4.06 4.47 4.96

3 88.70 89.10 2.16 2.67 2.74 3.25 3.43 3.94 4.24 4.75 5.23 5.87 6.58 7.37

4 114.07 114.53 2.80 3.30 3.51 4.01 4.39 4.90 5.44 6.10 6.73 7.54 8.46 9.47

6 168.00 168.56 4.11 4.62 5.18 5.79 6.48 7.26 8.03 9.00 9.91 11.10 12.47 13.97

8 218.70 219.46 5.33 5.97 6.73 7.54 8.43 9.45 10.41 11.66 12.90 14.45

o
Pressure Rating @ 23 C

Standard Leghth : 5,8.& 6 meters

Color : White
Socket Type : Solvent Weld & Plain End

Note: Will be manufactured as PVC-1 120

18
ASTM PIPES WITH SMOOTH COUPLING

D1
NORMAL D1 S1 D2 Lb
Inch Class O Class B Class C Class D Class E

3/8 17.0 +0.3 1.5 +0.4 17.1+0.2 20

1/2 21.2 +0.3 1.7 +0.4 21.3 +0.2 25

3/4 26.6 +0.3 1.9 +0.5 26.7 +0.2 30

1 33.4 +0.3 2.2 +0.5 33.5 +0.2 33
1 1/4 42.1 +0.3 2.2 +0.5 2.7 +0.5 42.2 +0.2 42

1 1/2 48.1 +0.3 1.8 +0.4 2.5 +0.5 3.1 +0.6 48.2 +0.2 48

2 60.2 +0.3 1.8 +0.4 2.5 +0.5 3.1 +0.6 3.9 +0.6 60.3 +0.2 60

2 1/2 75.0 +0.6 1.8 +0.4 3.0 +0.5 3.9 +0.6 4.8 +0.7 75.1 +0.2 70

3 88.7 +0.4 1.8 +0.4 2.9 +0.5 3.5 +0.6 4.6 +0.7 5.7 +0.9 88.8 +0.3 78

4 114.1 +0.4 2.3 +0.5 3.4 +0.6 4.5 +0.7 6.0 +0.9 7.3 +0.11 114.2 +0.3 92

5 140.0 +0.4 2.6 +0.5 3.8 +0.6 5.5 +0.9 7.3 +1.1 9.0 +1.4 140.1 +0.3 109

6 168.0 +0.5 3.1 +0.6 4.5 +0.7 6.6 +1.0 8.8 +1.4 10.8 +1.7 168.2 +0.3 123
8 218.8 +0.5 3.1 +0.6 5.3 +0.8 7.8 +1.2 10.3 +1.6 12.6 +1.9 219.0 +0.4 158
10 272.6 +0.8 3.1 +0.6 6.6 +1.0 9.7 +1.5 12.8 +2.0 15.7 +2.4 272.8 +0.6 190
12 323.4 +0.9 3.1 +0.6 7.8 +1.2 11.5 +1.8 15.2 +2.3 18.7 +2.9 323.7 +0.6 210
14 355.0 +1.0 3.6 +0.6 5.8 +1.3 12.6 +1.9 16.7 +2.5 20.5 +3.1 355.4 +0.6 238
16 405.9 +1.0 4.1 +0.7 9.7 +1.5 14.5 +2.2 19.0 +2.9 23.4 +3.8 406.3 +0.7 265

18 456.7 +1.0 4.6 +0.7 11.0 +1.7 16.3 +2.5 21.4 +3.3 457.1 +0.7 295
20 507.5 +1.0 5.1 +0.8 12.2 +1.9 18.1 +2.8 507.9 +0.7 325
24 609.1 +1.0 6.1 +1.0 14.6 +2.2 21.7 +3.3 609.5 +0.8 400

19
 ASTM F 441 / F 441M
SCHEDULE 40 & 80
Chlorinated UPVC pressure pipesfor Hot water application

SCHEDULE 40 SCHEDULE 40
Normal Outside Diameter
(mm) Pressure Rating
Size Wall Thickness (mm) Pressure Rating (psi) Wall Thickness (mm)
(psi)
(inch)
o o o o
MIN MAX MIN MAX 23 C 82 C MIN MAX 23 C 82 C

1/2 21.20 21.40 2.77 3.28 600 150 3.73 4.24 850 210

3/4 26.60 26.80 2.87 3.38 480 120 3.91 4.42 690 170

1 33.27 33.53 3.38 3.89 450 110 4.55 5.58 630 155

1 - 1/4 42.03 42.29 3.56 4.06 370 90 4.85 5.44 520 130

1 - 1/2 48.15 48.45 3.68 4.19 330 80 5.08 5.69 470 115

2 60.15 60.45 3.91 4.42 280 70 5.54 6.20 400 100

2 - 1/2 72.84 73.18 5.16 5.77 300 75 7.01 7.85 420 105

3 88.70 89.10 5.49 6.15 260 65 7.62 8.53 370 90

4 114.07 114.53 6.02 6.73 220 55 8.56 9.58 320 80

6 168.02 168.58 7.11 7.97 180 45 10.97 12.29 280 70

8 218.72 219.48 8.18 9.17 160 40 12.70 14.22 250 60

o
Pressure Rating @ 23 C

Standard Leghth : 4,8 & 6 meters

Color : Schedule 40 - Light Grey or White
Schedule 80 - Light Grey
Socket Type : Nill

Note: Will be manufactured as PVC-1 120

CHLORINATED POLY VYNll CHLORibl (CPVC) this is thermo plastic piping material which can be used for higher
temperature applications. This is a special polymer with a higher class transition point extending the advantages over
regular UPVC pipes.

20
 BSEN 1401 / 1329
ASTM D-2466
ASTM D-2467
ASTM F 439

BSEN 1401 / 1329

ASTM D-2466
ASTM D-2467
ASTM F 439

3P FITTINGS 21
 SCHEDULE 40 & 80

PROPERTY VALUE REFERANCE

Specific Gravity ± 0.02 1.44 ASTM D - 792

Tensil Strength psi @ 73°F. 7100 ASTM D - 638

Modulus of Elasticity in tension, psi @ 73°F. 4.000.000 ASTM D - 638

Flexular Strength (psi) 12000 - 14000 ASTM D - 790

Izod Impact, Ft. Ibs/in, Notch @ 73 °F. 0.65 ASTM D - 256

Heat Deflection °F @ 264 psi 160 ASTM D - 648

Heat Resistance Deg. F. 140

Thermal Conductivity, BTU/hr/sq.ft/Deg. F/in 1.2 ASTM D -177

Co-efficient of Expansion, in/in, Deg. Fx 10-5 3 ASTM D - 696

Water Absorption, % 24hrs @ 73 °F 0.05 ASTM D - 570

Cell Classification 12454B ASTM D - 1784

Colour Code White (Sch.40)

Dark Grey (Sch.80)

Jointing
Socket type jointing. For solvent cement use.

operating Temperature
Maximum service temperature for UPVC schedule 40 and UPVC schedule 80 fittings is
140 Deg. F b
Maximutn service temperature for CPVC schedule 80 fittings is 210 Deg. F.

Chemical Properties
CPVC and CPVC fittings are resistant to corrosiori by ground water, weathering
and many chemlicals.Further information on chemical resistance is available on request.

22
 SCHEDULE 80

TEST
PROPERTY VALUE REFERANCE
CONDITION

Specific Gravity 73 °F 1.55 ASTM D -792

Rockwell Hardness 73 °F 117 ASTM D -785

Heat Deflection @ 264 psi 73 °F 214 ASTM D -748

Tensile Strenght (psi) 73 °F 8200 ASTM D -738

Tensile Modulus (psi) 73 °F 430.000 ASTM D -738

Flexural Strenght (psi) 73 °F 15.000 ASTM D -790

Flexural Modulus (psi) 73 °F 438.000 ASTM D -790

Izod Impact, Ft. Ibs/ln. Notch 73 °F 1.6 ASTM D -756

Water Absorption (24 hrs) 73 °F 0.07+ ASTM D -570

Coefficient of Expansion ( F ), in./in. x 10-s 3.7 ASTM D -792

Flammability .062” V-0 UL - 94

Cell Designation 23557B ASTM D-1784

Jointing
Socket type jointing. For solvent cement use.

Operating Temperature
Maximum service temperature for UPVC schedule 40 and UPVC schedule 80 fittings is
140 Deg. F Maximum service temperature for CPVC schedule 80 fittings is 21 0 Deg. F.

Chemical Properties
UPVC and CPVC fittings are resistant to corrosion by ground water, weathering and
chemicals.Further information on chemical resistance Is available on request

23
Water pressure rating (max) for UPVC schedule 40 fitting at 73 Deg. F.

PIPE SIZE SOCKET FITTINGS

(inch) (psi)
1/2 600
3/4 480
1 450
1 3/4 370
1 1/2 330
2 280
3 260
4 220
6 180

Water pressure rating (max) for UPVC schedule 80 fitting at 73 Deg. F.

PIPE SIZE SOCKET FITTINGS

(inch) (psi)
1/2 850
3/4 690
1 630
1 1/4 520
1 1/2 470
2 400

Water pressure rating (max) for CPVC schedule 80 fitting at 73 Deg. F.

PIPE SIZE SOCKET FITTINGS THREATED FITTINGS

(inch) (psi) (psi)
1/2 850 420
3/4 690 340
1 630 320
1 1/4 520 260
1 1/2 470 240
2 400 200

24
3P FITTINGS SCHEDULE 40

ASTM STANDARD
AMIRICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING
& MATERIALS

ASTM D - 2466
3P SCHEDULE 40

25
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 40

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 40

ELBOW 90O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

3/4 33.3 40.1 3.2 25.2

1 41.45 45.5 3.9 28.4

1 1/2 56.8 59.5 4.1 34

2 69 66.5 4.2 34.5

4 114.76 109.5 5.5 51

6 168.9 168.2 6.2 79

ELBOW 45O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

3/4 33.3 32.7 32.2 25.2

1 41.45 36.5 3.9 28.4

1 1/2 56.76 43 4.1 30

2 69 46 4.2 32

4 114.76 77.5 5.5 51

6 168.9 120 6.2 79

26
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 40

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 40

COUPLING

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

3/4 32.9 53.9 3 3

1 40.85 59.8 3.6 3

1 1/2 56.8 71 4.1 3

2 69 80.2 4.2 3

4 114.76 107.4 6.2 4

6 168.9 157.4 6.2 6

WYE eq 45O

Size D H T
inch mm mm mm

2 60.47 157.75 4.37

4 114.76 310 5.5

6 168.9 409.5 6.2

27
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 40

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 40

TEE 90O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

3/4 33.3 80.2 3.2 25.2

1 41.45 93.5 3.9 28.4

1 1/2 56.76 121 4.1 32

2 69 134 4.2 34.5

4 114.76 219 5.5 51

6 168.9 336.5 6.2 79

ELBOW Door 90O With Access Cap

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

4 114.76 109.5 5.5 51

28
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 40

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 40

TEE with access cap

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

4 114.76 222 5.5 51

P-Trap

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

4 114.76 187.2 5.5 51

29
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 40

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 40

TEE CROSS

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

4 114.76 234 5.3 117

TEE Sainatry

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

4 114.76 246 5.5 123

30
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 40

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 40

Floor

Size D H T
cm cm cm cm

15 x 15 15 15 3.2

20 x 20 20 20 3.65

Cap

Size D H T
inch mm mm mm

4 114.76 77.76 5.68

Reducer Bushing

Size D H T
inch mm mm mm

4x2 114.76 58.7 7.02

6x4 168.2 81.34 5.64

31
3P FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80

ASTM STANDARD
AMIRICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING
& MATERIALS

ASTM D - 2466
3P SCHEDULE 80
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 80

ELBOW 90O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

1/2 29.85 36.52 4.23 23.02

3/4 35.54 41.27 4.41 26.19

1 43.56 48.42 5.05 29.77

1 1/4 52.93 56.36 5.35 32.94

1 1/2 59.87 91.95 5.87 63

2 73.36 106.73 6.36 72

TEE 90O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

3/4 35.54 52.5 4.41 26.19

1 43.56 61.5 5.01 29.77

1/2 29.85 47 4.23 23.02

1 1/4 53.64 80.99 5.47 54.88

1 1/2 59.32 90.74 5.41 66

2 73.45 106.49 6.48 74

33
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 80

Coupling

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

1/2 29.85 45.21 4.23 3.18

3/4 35.54 55.56 4.41 3.18

1 43.56 62.71 5.08 3.18

1 1/4 52.93 69.06 5.53 3.18

1 1/2 59.7 76.25 5.77 3.18

2 72.9 84.35 6.37 3.18

Reducer Bushing

Size D H T
inch mm mm mm

1 x 3/4 33.39 34.66 3.5

1 x 1 1/4 42.38 40.7 4.5

1 x 1 1/5 48.26 41.59 7.55

2 x 1/5 60.11 48.94 6.12

34
 FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80

ASTM D - 2466 SCHEDULE 80

ELBOW 45O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

1/2 29.85 36.52 4.23 23.02

3/4 35.54 41.27 4.41 26.19

1 43.56 48.42 5.05 29.77

1 1/4 52.93 56.36 5.35 32.94

1 1/2 59.87 91.95 5.87 63

2 73.36 106.73 6.36 72

35
3P CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80

ASTM STANDARD
AMIRICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING
& MATERIALS

ASTM F - 439
3P CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80
 CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80

ASTM F - 439 SCHEDULE 80 (CPVC)

ELBOW 90O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

1/2 29.85 36.52 4.23 23.02

3/4 35.54 41.27 4.41 26.19

1 43.56 48.42 5.05 29.77

1 1/4 52.93 56.36 5.35 32.94

1 1/2 59.87 91.95 5.87 63

2 73.36 106.73 6.36 72

TEE 90O

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

1/2 29.85 47 4.23 23.02

3/4 35.54 52.5 4.41 26.19

1 43.56 61.5 5.01 29.77

1 1/4 53.64 80.99 5.47 54.88

1 1/2 59.32 90.74 5.41 66

2 73.45 106.49 6.48 74

37
 CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80

ASTM F - 439 SCHEDULE 80 (CPVC)

Coupling

Size D H T R
inch mm mm mm mm

1/2 29.85 45.21 4.23 3.18

3/4 35.54 55.56 4.41 3.18

1 43.56 62.71 5.08 3.18

1 1/4 52.93 69.06 5.53 3.18

1 1/2 59.7 76.25 5.77 3.18

2 72.9 84.35 6.37 3.18

Reducer Bushing

Size D H T
inch mm mm mm

1 x 3/4 33.39 34.66 3.5

1 x 1 1/4 42.38 40.7 4.5

1 x 1 1/5 48.26 41.59 7.55

2 x 1/5 60.11 48.94 6.12

38
3P CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80 With Brass

ASTM STANDARD
AMIRICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING
& MATERIALS

ASTM F - 439
3P CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80
With Brass
 CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80 With Brass3P

ASTM F - 439 SCHEDULE 80 with Brass (CPVC)

TEE Brass D 90

Size C M1 M2
inch mm inch mm

1/2 x 1/2 x1/2 29.85 1/2 37.80

3/4 x 3/4 x3/4 35.54 3/4 45.0

3/4 x 1/2 x 3/4 35.54 1/2 37.80

Elbow Brass D 90

Size C M1 M2
inch mm inch mm

1/2 x 1/2 29.85 1/2 37.80

3/4 x 3/4 35.54 3/4 45.0

3/4 x 1/2 35.54 1/2 37.80

40
 CPVC FITTINGS SCHEDULE 80 With Brass

ASTM F - 439 SCHEDULE 80 with Brass (CPVC)

male Adapter

Size C M C1
inch mm inch mm

1/2 x 1/2 44.22 1/2 29.74

3/4 x 3/4 48.40 3/4 35.47

1x1 54.78 1 43.24

female Adapter

Size C M1 M2
inch mm inch mm

1/2 x 1/2 29.85 1/2 37.80

3/4 x 1/2 35.54 1/2 37.80

41
Pipes & Fittings are made out of termoplastic materials. Thtis safe
storage practice is very important to avoid deformations.

Pipes & Fittings should never be stored closer to heat source or

without proper ventilation causing raise in ambient temperature
greater than its limits of use.

To ensure that weight/ load of the fittings packing boxes or

pallets should never be transferred on any fittings inside the
packing box.

Pipes should be stacked on level and flat ground which is free

from stones -ftlp sharp projections.They can also be stacked
within appropriate wooden frames.

Heavy weight pipes should be at the bottom & light weight

pipes should be at the top.

42
JOINTING P R O C EDU R E [ j o i n ti ng sol vent cement ]

1. Cut the pipe perpendicularly. Use fine pitch handsaw.

2. Remove burrs using medium file. Chamfer the end of the pipe at 2mm x45 average.
3. Mark the pipe and fitting to determine correct preparation of the pipe socket
4. Clean contacting surfaces thoroughly with a clean rag and cleaning fluid.
5. Using a clean brush, apply sufficient amount of solvent to pipe and fitting. The numbers of coat
vary depending on the diameter of the pipe and fitting. One or two coats are usually needed.
6. Assemble joint immediately. Hold pipe and fitting together for 15 seconds for 1/2»diameter pipe
and 60 seconds for an 8»diameter pipe. Avoid twisting the assembly. For joining a pipe size of 6»
diameter or more, use a joining device to ensure full entry of spigot.
7. Remove excess cement.

Table indicating approximate number of joints which can be made with standard size lubricant,
clearjito

Nominal Size ( inch ) 1/2 - 1 11/4 - 2 3 4 6 8

Lubricant 50 g. 100 60 40 30 20 10
Cleaning Fluid 500 ml. 300 180 72 45 21 12
Solvent Cement 500 ml. 100 60 25 15 7 4

NOTES:
All solvent cement must be carefully used in accordance with the instructions on the can. Never
dilute with other fluids. done properly in wet, oily and dirty conditions. Drying time will vary accord-
ing to amount of solvent cement applied, ambient temperature and testing pressure. Temperature
of more than 25 degree C { 76 degree F) will reduce joining time from 3 minutes to approximately
1 minute. Full rated
WARNING: Smoke testing of PVC-U is recommended but extra care must be observed.

43
When placing an order or a request for quotation, please specify the following information so as to
provide you the right product accurate for your specific needs :

Exact application

Pipe outside and /or inside diameter

Required pressure rating or wall thickness

Pipe length

Required pipe socket type (non-solvent / rubber ring)

Colour

Particular standard, if required or known

Expected soil condition and enviroment

Specific installation method, e.g. open or buried

Delivery requirement

ASTM STAN DA RD
PVC, CPVCPIPES & FITTINGS
44
 Guide of Cutting and Glueing Pipes and Fittings

You can cut a PVC pipe straight and easy with some basic tools and a little know-how. If you don›t
have a power miter saw, don›t sweat it. With an inexpensive hacksaw (about $5) and a bit of duct
tape, cutting a PVC pipe couldn›t be simpler. 3P Pipe Experts recommends long, slow strokes when
making your PVC cuts, adding that «moving the saw too fast can cause the saw blade to overheat,
gumming it up and leaving hard-to-remove burrs in the pipe.»

• Use a ruler or measument tape to measure the length of PVC pipe you want to cut; denote the
length by marking a spot with the pencil on the pipe.

• Wrap a piece of duct tape around the pipe so that the outside edge of the tape aligns with the pencil
mark you made.

• Draw a line with the pencil, using the edge of the tape now as a guide, all the way around the pipe.
This will be your guide for cutting the pipe straight through.

• Peel and remove the duct tape from the pipe.

• Place the PVC pipe in a bench vise, and tighten the vise around the pipe.

• Put on your safety goggles and dust mask, remember safety first.

• Line up the blade (or guide) on your miter saw with the inside edge of the pencil mark, then turn on
the saw and carefully cut into the pipe. Stop and rotate the pipe as needed, until the pipe separates
into two pieces. Turn off the saw.

• Make the cut using a hacksaw if you do not have a miter saw. We recommends long, slow strokes
when making your PVC cuts, adding that «moving the saw too fast can cause the saw blade to over-
heat, gumming it up and leaving hard-to-remove burrs in the pipe.»

• For the final work pile down any burrs on the cutting edges of the pipe by using amedium flat Pile.

• Make sure your PVC pipe is clean and dry before you begin to glue it.

• Put a PVC primer on the pipe immediately before applying the PVC cement. What this does is
«melt» the plastic a bit, so when you apply the cement, you have more of a weld. It is easy to find
both PVC primer and PVC cement at your local home improvement store.

• Add the PVC cement, attach the piece of PVC you want to glue, and twist. Make sure that it remains
in the position that you want it to be in. You will find that the PVC cement sets pretty fast.

45
 TABLE OF CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

Temperature Temperature
Chemical Conecentration o o Chemical Conecentration o o
20 C 60 C 20 C 60 C
Chlorine, gas 10 % dry D Ethane S*
100 % dry D U Ethanediol (ethylene glycol) S S
10 % moist U U Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)+ 95-100% S D
Chlorine sat, aq, soln. D U* 40% (v/v) aq. slon. S D
Chlorine trifluoride U* U* Ethers (see also diethyl ether) U U
Chloroacetic acid S D Ethyl acetale U U
Chlorobenzene U U Ethyl acrylate U U
Chloroethane (ethyl chloride) U U Ethyl alcohol, see ethanol
2-Chloroethanol (ethylene chlorohydrin) U U Ethyl butyrate Ethyl acetate U* U*
Chloroform U U Ethyl chloride, see Chloroethane
Chloromethane (methyl chloride) U U Ethyl formate U* U*
Chlorosulphonic acid D U Ethyl lactate U* U*
Chromic acid plating S S Ethyl methyl ketone (methyl ethyl ketone) U U
Chromic potassium sulphate Ethyl sulphate,see diethyl sulphate
(chrome alum) S S Ethylene chlorohydrin, see 2-chloroethanol
Cider + S* Ethylene dibromide, see dichloroethane
Citric acid+ S S Ethylene dichloride, see dichloroethane
Copper** chloride S* S* Ethylene glycol, see ethanediol
Copper** cyanide S* S* Ethylene oxide (oxiran) U U
Copper** fluoride S S
Copper** nitrat S* S* Fatty acids, higher S S
Copper** sulphat S S Ferric chloride S S
Creosote U U Ferric nitrate S S
Cresols U U Ferric sulphate S S
Cresylic acid U U* Ferrous ammonium citrate,
Crotonaldehyde U U see ammonium ferrous citrate
Cyclohexanol U U Ferrous chloride S* S*
Cyclohexanone U U Ferrous sulphate S* S*
Fixing soln. (photographic) S S
Detergents (synthetic) diluted for Fluorine U U
use S S* Fluorosilic acid 40% aq. saoln. S S
Developers (photographic) S S conc. S S
Dextrin S S Formaldehyde 40% (w/w) aq. soln. S S
Dextross+ sat, soln. S S Formic acid 3% aq. soln. S S
Diamyl ether U* U* 10% aq. soln. S S
Diazo saits S S 25% aq. soln. S D
Dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide) U* U* 50% aq. solin. S U
Dibutyl phthalate U* U* 98 - 100% U U
Dichlorobenzene U* U* Fructose+ S S
Dichlorodifluoromethane S Fruit juices+ S S
Dichloethane (rthylene dichloride) U U Fuel oil S S
Dichloroethelene U* U* Furfuraldehyde (furfural) 100% U U
1,20Dichloropropane (propylene dichloride) U U Furturyl alcohol U* U
Diethl ether U U
Diethyl ketone U* U* Gallic acid,
Diethyl sulphate (ethyl sulphate) U U see 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid
Digol (diethylene glycol) S* S* Gasoline, see petrol
Dimethyl sulphate (methyl sulphate) S U Glucose+ S S
Dimethylamine S S Glycerol S S
Dimethylcarbinol, see isopropyl alcohol Glycerol monobenzy ether U* U*
Dioctyl phthalate U* U* Glycol, see ethanediol
Dioxan U* U* Glycolic acid 30% alc. soln. S S
Diphenyl ether U U Grape suger + S S
Disodium phosphate,
see disodium hydrogen orthophosphate Heptane S U
Dodecanoic acid (lauric) S S Hexadecanol (cetyl alcohol) S* S*
Dodecanol (lauryl alcohol) S* S* Hexanol (hexyl alcohol) S S
Hydrobromic acid 50% (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Emulsifiers all S* S* 100% (w/v) aq.
Emulsions (photographic) S S soln. S* S*

46
 TABLE OF CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

Temperature Temperature
Chemical Conecentration Chemical Conecentration o o
o o 20 C 60 C
20 C 60 C
Methyl isobutyl ketone,
Hydrochloric acid 10 % (w/v) aq. sol. S S
see isobutyl methyl ketone
22% (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Methyl chloride, see chloromethane
concentrated (36 %) S S
Methyl ethyl ketone
Hydrocyanic acid 10 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
see ethyl methyl ketone
Hydrocyanic acid 4 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Methyl glycol S S
40 % (w/v) aq. soln. S U
Methyl hydrogen sulphate 50 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
60 % (w/v) aq. soln. D U
(methyl sulphuric acid) 50 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
concentrade U* U*
75 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Hydrogen S S
90 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Hydrogen bromide anhydrous S* S*
Methyl methacrylate U U
Hydrogen chloride anhydrous S* S*
Methyl sulphate, see dimethyl sulphate
Hydrogen fluoride anhydrous S* S*
Mrthylated spirits S S
Hydrogen peroxide 3 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Methylcyclohexanone U U
12 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Methylsulphonic acid S S
30 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Milk+ S* S*
90 % (w/v) or greater U U
Mineral oils S S
Hydrogen sulphide S S
Mixed acids **
Hydroquinone, see quinol
Molasses+ U* U*
Hydroxylammonium sulphate S S
Monochlorobenzene
Hypochlorous acid D U
S S
Naphtha U U
Iodine soln. in potassium
Naphthalene S S
iodide U U
Nickel chloride S S
Iso-octane (2, 2, 4- trimethylbentance) S U
Nickel nitrate S S
Isophorone U U
Nickle sulphate S S
Isopropanol, see isopropyl alcohol
Nicotine S* S*
Nicotinic acid S* S*
Lactic acid 10 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
Nitric acid 5 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
100 % (w/v) aq. U U
10 % (w/v) aq. soln. S D
Lanolin S* S*
25 % (w/v) aq. soln. S D
Latex S S
50 % (w/v) aq. soln. S U
Lauric acid, see dodecanoic
70 % (w/v) aq. soln. D U
Lauryl alcohol, see dodecanol
98 % (w/v) aq. soln. U U
Lead acetate S S
Nitrobenzene U U
Lead arsenate S* S*
Nitropropane U U
Lead nitrate S* S*
Nitrous fumes moist D U
Lead tetraethyl lead
Nonanol (nonyl alcohol) S* S*
Linoleic acid S S
Linseed oil S S
Ocatane S* U*
S S
Ocatanol (octyl alcohol) S*
Magnesium carbonate S S
Oil and fats + S S
Magnesium chloride S S
Oleic acid S S
Magnesium hydroxide S S
Orthphosphoric acid 20 % aq. soln. S S
Magnesium nitrate S S
30 % aq. soln. S S
Maleic acid 25 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
50 % aq. soln. S S
50 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S
95 % aq. soln. S S
concentrade S S
Oxalic acid S S
Malic acid S S
Oxygen S S
Manganese suphlate S* S*
Ozone S S
Margarine+ S S
S S
Mercuric chloride S S
Palmitic acid 10 % S S
Mercuric cyanide S S
70 % S S
Mercurous nitrate S S
Paraffin S S
Mercury S S
Paraffin wax S S
Mesityl oxide U U
Penatane S*
Metallic soaps (water soluble) S* S*
Perchloric acid 10 % S D
Methanol (methyl alcohol) 100 % S D
Petrol S D
6 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S*
Petrol/benzene mixture 80: 20 ratio U U
Methyl acetate U* U*
Methyl bromide, see bromomethane Petroleum spirit (petroleum ether) U U

** Cuprous or cupric.

47
 TABLE OF CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

Temperature Temperature
Chemical Conecentration o o Chemical Conecentration o o
20 C 60 C 20 C 60 C
Phnol S U Potassium hydrogen sulphate S* S*
Phenylcarbinol, see benzyl alcohol (potassium bisulphite)
Phenylhydrazine U U Potassium hydroxide 1 % (w/v) aq.soln.
Phenylhydrazine hydrohliroide U U 1o % (w/v) aq.soln S S
Phosgene gas S U conc. soln. S S
Liquid U U Potassium hypochloride S S
Phosphates (see also under ammonium, Potassium nitrate S S
Potassium, sodium, etc) S* S* Potassium perborate S S
Phospharic acid, see orthophosphoric acid Potassium perchlorate 10 % soln. S S
Phospharus S U Potassium permanganate 20 % soln. S S
Phosphorus pentoxide S S* Potassium persulphate 5 % soln. S S
Phosphorus trichloride U U Potassium sulphate S S
Phosohoryl chloride Potassium sulphate S* S*
(phosphorus oxychloride) U U Potassium thiosulphate S* S*
Phthalic anhydride S* S* Propane S S
Picrtic acid 1 % (w/v) aq. soln. S S* Propane -1, 2-diol (propylene glycol) S* S*
10 % (w/v) aq. soln. U U Propargyl alcohol (prop-2yn-l-ol) S S
Plating solutions: Propionic acid 50 % aq. soln.
brass S S 100 % aq. soln. S* U*
cadmium S S isoPropyl alcohol (isopropanol) S S
chromium S S Propylene dichloride
copper S S see 1, 2-dichloropropane
gold S S Propylene oxide U* U*
indium S S Pyridine U U
Lead S S
nickel S S Quiniol (hydroquinone) S* S*
rhodium S S
Silver S S Rayon coagulating bath S* S*
tin S S
zinc S S Sulphur trixide S* S
Polyglycol ethers U* U* Salicylic acid S S
Potassium acid sulphate, See water S S
see potassium hydrogen sulphate Selenic U U
Potassium antimonate S* S* Shortening S* S*
Potassium bicarbonate Silicic acid S S
see potassium hydrogen carbinate Silver acetate S* S*
Potassium bichromate, Silver cyanide S S
see potassium dichromate Silver nitrate S S
Potassium bisulphate Soap solution (aqueous) S S
see potassium hydrogen sulphate Sodium acetate S S
Potassium borate S S Soudium acid sulphate,
Potasium bromate S S see hydrogen sulphate
Potassium bromide S S Soudium aluminate S* S*
Potassium carbonate S S Sodium antimonate S* S*
Potasium chlorate S S Sodium benzoate S D
Potassium chloride S S Sodium bicarbonate
Potassium chromate S S see sodium hydrogen carbonate
Potassium cuprocyanide S* S* Sodium bisulphate,
Potassium cyanide S S see sodium hydrogen sulphate
Potassium dichromate Sodium bisulphite,
(potassium bichormate) S S see sodium hydrogen sulphite
Potassium ferricyanide S S Sodium borate, see disodium tetraborate
Potassium ferrocyanide S S Sodium bromide S S
Potassium fluoride S S Sodium carbonate S S
Potassium hydrogen carbonate Sodium chlorate S S
(Potassium bicarbonate) S S Sodium chloride S S
Potassium hydrogen sulphate Sodium cyanide S* S*
(Potassium acid sulphate) S* S* Sodium ferricyanide S S
Sodium ferrocyanide S S

48
 TABLE OF CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

Temperature Temperature
Chemical Conecentration o o Chemical Conecentration o o
20 C 60 C 20 C 60 C
Sodium fluoride S S Tetrahydrofuran U U
Sodium hydrogen carbonate Tetrhydronaphthalene (tetralin) U U
(sodium bicarbonate) S S Thionyl chloride U U
diSodium hydrogen orthophosphate S* S* Titanium tetrachloride U U
Sodium hydrogen sulphate Toluene U U
(sodium bisulphate) S S Transformer oil S* S*
Sodium hydrogen sulphite Tributyl phosphate U U
(sodium bisulphaite) S S Trichloroacetic acid S* S*
Sodium hydroxide 1 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Trichlorobenzene U* U*
10 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Trichloroethane U* U*
40 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Trichloroethylene U U
conc. S S Tricresyl phosphate, see tritoly phosphate
Sodium hypochlorite 15 % available Triethanolamine S U
chlorine S S Trigol (triethylene glycol) S* S*
Sodium hyposulphite 3, 4. 5+ Tritrydroxybenzoic acid (gallic acid) S* S*
see sodium thiosulphate Trimethylamine S U*
Sodium metaphosphate S* S* Trimethylil propane
Sodium nitrate S S (2-ethyl-2-hydroxymethylpropanediol) S U
Sodium nitrate S S Trisodium phosphate,
triSodium orthophosphate S* S* see sodium orthophosphate
Sodium perborate S* S* Tritolyl phosphate (tricresylphosphate) U* U*
Sodium peroxide S* S* Turpentine S S
Sodium silicate S* S*
Sodium sulphate S S Urea S S
Sodium sulphide aq. soln. S S Urine S S
diSodium tetraborate (borax) S S
Sodium thiosulphate (sodium hyposulphite) S* S* Vanilla extract+ S* S*
Soft soap S* S* Vegetable oils+ S S
Stannic chloride S S Vinegar+ S S
Stannous chloride S S Vinyl acetate U U
Starch S S
Stearic acid S S Water S S
Sucrose+ S* S* Wetting agents S* S*
Sulphur colloidal S S Whey+ S* S*
Sulphur dioxide dry S S Wines and spirits+ S S
moist S U
liquid D U Xylene U* U*
Sulphur trioxido S S Xylenol U* U*
Sulphuric acid 10 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S
20 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Yeast S S
20 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S
40 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Zinc ammonium chloride.
50 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S see ammonium zinc chloride
55 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Zinc carbonate S* S*
60 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Zinc chloride S S
70 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S zinc oxide S S
80 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S Zinc silphate S S
90 % (w/v) alc. soln. D D
95 % (w/v) alc. soln. D U
98 % (w/v) alc. soln. U U
fluming U* U*
Sulphurous acid 10 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S
30 % (w/v) alc. soln. S S
Surface active agents all S* S*

Tallow S* S*
Tannic acid S S
Tanniing extracts S S*
Tartaric acid+ S S
Tetraethyl lead (lead tetraethyl) S S

** Cuprous or cupric.
49
Length
Meters Kilometers Miles Yards Feets Inches Cape feet
1 0.001 0.621372x10-3 1.09361 3.28284 39,3701 3,176034
100 1 0.621372 1093,61 3280,84 39370,1 3176,034
1609,3489 1,609343 1 1760 5280 63360 5111,3304
0,9144 0.0009144 0.0005682 1 3 36 2,904165
0,3048 0,0003048 0.0001894 0.333333 1 12 0,968055
0,0254 0.0000254 0,00001578 0,0277778 0,083333 1 0,080671
0,314852 0,000314852 0,00019564 0,344333 1,0329999 12,395888 1

Volume (Liters, cubic feet, gallons) Volume (m3, cubic yards, gallons)

Meters Kilometers Miles Yards Meters Kilometers Miles Yards

1 0,0353147 0,264171 0,219969 1 1,30795 264,171 219,969

28,3168 1 7,480456 6,2288 0,76455 1 201,974 168,178

3,78542 0,13382 1 0,83268 0,003785 0,004995115 1 0,83268

4,54609 0,160544 1,20094 1 0,00454609 0,0059461 1,20094 1

Volume (m3, acre feet, morgen feet, gallons) Flow

Meters Kilometers Miles Yards Meters Kilometers Miles Yards

1 0,0081071 0,000383038 219,969 1 0,001 0,0353147 13,19814

1233,48 1 0,47247 271328 1000 1 35,3147 13198,14

2610,71 2,11654 1 574275 28,3168 0.0283168 1 373,73

0,00454609 0,000003686 0,0000017413 1 0,0757682 75,7682x106 0.002676 1

Force

Newton Kilogram-Force Metric ton - Force Pound ton - Force Ton (2000lb) - Force Ton (2240lb) - Force

1 0,101972 0,101972x10 3
0,274809 0,112405x10
5
0,100361x10
3

3 3 3
9,80665 1 10 2,20462 1,10231x10 0,984206x10
9806,65 1000 1 2204,62 1,10231 0,984206
3 3
4,44822 0,453592 0,453592x10 1 0,0005 0,446429x10
8896,44 906,184 0,907184 200 1 0,892858
9964,02 1016,05 1,01605 2240 1,120 1

Pressure
Pascal Kilogram Pound force Meter head Foot head Ton (2000lb) Ton (2240lb)
Bar
(Newton/m2) force/cm2 per inch2 of water of water force/in2 force/in2

1 102 0,101972x104 0,145038x10-3 0,101972x10-3 0,33455x10-5 0,072519x10-6 0,064749x10-5

102 1 1,01972 14,5038 10,1972 33,455 0,0072519 0,0064749

98,0665x10 3 0,0980665 1 14,2233 10 32,8084 7,11167x10 -3 6,34971x10-3

8894,76 0,0689476 0,070307 1 0,70307 2,306727 0,0005 0,446429x10-3

9,80665x10 3 0,0980665 0,1 1,42233 1 3,28084 0,711167x10 -3 0,634971x10-3

2,98898x103 0,0298898 0,03048 0,433515 0,3048 1 0,21676x10-3 0,193533x10-3

13,7895x106 137,895 140,614 2000 1,40614x103 4,61332x103 1 0,892858

15,4443x10 6 154,443 157,488 2240 1.57488x10 3 5,16692x10 3 1,120 1

50
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