ME382 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

AND
AUTOMATIC CONTROL
 Week 6:
Time Domain Analysis:
Block Diagrams
DEFINITIONS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
• A block diagram of the system is pictorial representation of the functions
performed by each component and of the flow of signals.
• Block diagram has the advantage of indicating more realistically the signal
flows of the actual system.

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

DEFINITIONS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
• A block diagram of the system is pictorial representation of the functions
performed by each component and of the flow of signals.
• Block diagram has the advantage of indicating more realistically the signal
flows of the actual system.
• In a block diagram all system variables are linked to each other through
functional blocks. The functional block is a symbol for the mathematical
operation on the input signal to the block that produces the output.
• The transfer functions of the components are usually entered in the
corresponding blocks, which are connected by arrows to indicate the
direction of the flow of signals.

input output

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

DEFINITIONS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
• By using block diagram representations, it is easy to form overall block
diagram for the entire system by merely connecting the blocks of the
components according to the signal flow.
• It is possible to evaluate the contribution of each component to the overall
performance of the system.

Block diagram of a closed-loop system.

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAMS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS

Block diagram of an industrial control system, which consists of an automatic

controller, an actuator, a plant and a sensor.

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAMS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
Procedure To Draw A Block Diagram:
• Write the equations that describe the dynamic behaviour of the system
(mathematical modeling).
• Take Laplace Transformation of the equations (initial conditions are zero!)
• Represent each Laplace transformed equation individually in block form.
• Finally assemble the elements into a complete block diagram.

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAMS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
Example: RC Circuit

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAMS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
Example: RC Circuit

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAMS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
Example: RC Circuit

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAMS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
Example: RC Circuit

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAMS TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAM MANIPULATION TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

BLOCK DIAGRAM MANIPULATION TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS

Dr. Özgün BAŞER 25.03.2020

REFERENCES ZIEGLER-NICHOLS PID TUNING

1. Katshuiko Ogata, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall, Fifth

Edition, 2010.

2. R.C. Dorf, R.H. Bishop, Modern Control Systems.

3. Özgün Başer, Lecture notes on System Modelling and Automatic Control,

İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Department of Mechatronics Engineering.

25.03.2020