Quizzuri

Test: Quiz: Second Normal Form
1. What is the rule of Second Normal Form?
All non-UID attributes must be dependent upon the entire UID (*)
Some non-UID attributes can be dependent on the entire UID
No non-UID attributes can be dependent on any part of the UID
None of the Above
2. Examine the following entity and decide which attribute breaks the
2nd Normal Form rule:
ENTITY: CLASS
ATTRIBUTES:
CLASS ID
DURATION
SUBJECT
TEACHER NAME AND ADDRESS
CLASS ID
DURATION
SUBJECT
TEACHER NAME AND ADDRESS (*)
3. All instances of the subtypes must be an instance of the supertype.
True (*)
False
4. Not all instances of the supertype are instances of one of the

subtypes.
True
False (*)
5. A supertype should have at least two subtypes.
True (*)
False
6. An entity can be on 2nd Normal Form even if it has repeated values.

True or False?
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Third Normal Form
1. No databases in the world is ever truly on 3rd Normal Form.

Everyone always stops after 2nd Normal Form. True or False?
True
False (*)
2. Examine the following Entity and decide which sets of attributes

breaks the 3rd Normal Form rule: (Choose Two)
ENTITY: TRAIN (SYNONYM: ROLLING STOCK)
ATTRIBUTES:
TRAIN ID
MAKE
MODEL
DRIVER NAME
DEPARTURE STATION
NUMBER OF CARRIAGES
NUMBER OF SEATS
DATE OF MANUFACTURE
(Choose all answers)
TRAIN ID, MAKE
DEPARTURE STATION, DRIVER NAME (*)
NUMBER OF CARRIAGES, NUMBER OF SEATS (*)
MODEL, DATE OF MANUFACTURE
3. As a database designer it is your job to store data in only one

place and the best place. True or False?
True (*)
False
Section 7
Test: Quiz: Arcs
1. To visually represent exclusivity between two or more relationships

in an ERD you would most likely use an ________.
Arc (*)
UID
Subtype
Supertype
2. Which of the following would best be represented by an arc?
STUDENT (senior, junior)
STUDENT (graduating, non-graduating)
STUDENT (will-attend-university, will-not-attend-university)
STUDENT ( University, Trade School) (*)
3. This diagram could also be expressed as a supertype/subtype

construction. True or False?
True
False (*)
4. All parts of a UID are mandatory. True or False?
True (*)
False
5. Which of the following can be added to a relationship?
an attribute
an arc can be assigned (*)
a composite attribute
an optional attribute can be created
6. Secondary UID's are
not permitted in data modeling
mandatory in data modeling
useful as an alternative means identifying instances of an entity (*)
always comprised of numbers
7. If the entity CD has the attributes: #number, *title, *producer,

*year, o store name, o store address, this entity is in 3rd Normal Form
("no non-UID attribute can be dependent on another non-UID attribute).
True or False?
True
False (*)
8. Which of the following is the definition for Third Normal Form?
All attributes are single valued
An attribute must be dependent upon entity's entire unique identifier
No non-UID attribute can be dependent on another non-UID attribute

(*)
All attributes are uniquely doubled and independent
Test: Quiz: Hierarchies and Recursive Relationships
1. A relationship can be both recursive and hierachal at the same

time. True or False?
True
False (*)
2. A recursive rationship should not be part of a UID. True or False?

True (*)
False
3. Which of the following would be a good Unique Identifier for its

Entity? (Choose Two)
Identification Number for Person (*)
Birthdate for Baby Which Includes Hour, Minute, and Seconds (*)
Order date for Order
Vehicle Type Number for Car
4. In this simple diagram, what comprises the unique identifier for

the student class entity?
student id and class id
student id, class id and course id
course id
student id and course id (*)
Test: Quiz: Modeling Historical Data
1. Historical data should always be kept. True or False?
True
False (*)
2. Modeling historical data can produce a unique identifier that

includes a date. True or False?
True (*)
False
3. Audit trail attributes cannot be placed in the entities they are

auditing, they must be placed in separate, new entities, created just for
that purpose. True or False?
True
False (*)
4. Which of the following scenarios should be modeled so that

historical data is kept? (Choose two)
LIBRARY and BOOK (*)
STUDENT and AGE
STUDENT and GRADE (*)
LIBRARY and NUMBER OF STAFF
Section 8
Test: Quiz: What is a Consultant
1. How does the dictionary define "consultant"?
A person who knows everything
One responsible for knowing everything
One who gives expert or professional advice (*)
None of the Above
2. Which of the following skills are required for Consultants. (Choose

Two)
Communication skills (*)
Excellent drawing skills
Must be able to speak at least two languages fluently, preferably

four or more
Team-working skills (*)

3. Only Consultants can develop new data models for a company, they
are mandatory, so companies must find them and hire them. True or False?
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Overcoming the Fear Factor
1. Which of the following is a valid technique for effective public

speaking?
Making eye contact
Using familiar words when communicating technical information
Being enthusiastic
All of the Above (*)
2. Your apperance at a presentation is not important, you should just

show up and give the presentation in whatever clothes makes you
comfortable. So feel free to wear Jeans and old T-Shirts etc. Being
comfortable is more important than anything else. True or False?
True
False (*)
3. When you are involved in a group presentation, your group should

practice before hand and agree on who presents the various parts. You
should all be involved somehow. True or False?
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Modeling Change: Time

1. How do you know when to use the different types of time in your
design?
The rules are fixed and should be followed
It depends on the functional needs of the system (*)
You would first determine the existence of the concept of time and
map it against the Greenwich Mean Time
Always model time, you can take it out later if it is not needed
2. It is desirable to have an entity called DAY with a holiday

attribute when you want to track special holidays in a payroll system.
True or False?
True (*)
False
3. When you add the concept of time to your data model, you are:
Simplifying your model.
Adding complexity to your model. (*)
Just changing the model, but this does not change the complexity of
it.
None of the above.
4. What is the benefit to the users of a system that includes "time,"

e.g. Start Date and End Date for Employees?
Increased usability and flexibility of a system; we can the trace

e.g. the different managers an employee had over time. (*)
System becomes 100% unstable; allows users to log on and log off at
will.
Users are able to create complex programs in support of this

component.
Reporting becomes nearly impossible, users enjoy this.

5. If you are tracking employment dates for an employee, do you need
to have an "End Date" attribute?
Yes, because you always need an end date when you have a start date
No, because an end date is usually redundant
Yes, if the company wants to track employee information, like

multiple start and end dates (*)
No, not if the company likes the employee
6. Which of the following would be a logical constraint when modeling

time for a country entity?
People have births and deaths in their countries that must be tracked
by the system.
If you are doing a system for France or Germany, you would need
security clearance.
Countries may need an end date in your system, because they can
change fundamentally over time, e.g. Yugoslavia. (*)
You need a constant record of countries, because they are still

countries, even if leadership changes over time, e.g. France, USA and
most other countries.
7. Modeling historical data produces efficient ways for a business to

operate such as:
Modeling historical data does not help a business.
Providing valuable information via reports to management . (*)
Keeping track of holiday dates.
Employees can work in two time zones.
Test: Quiz: Modeling Change: Price
1. Why would you want to model a time component when designing a

system that lets people buy bars of gold?
The price of gold fluctuates and for determining price, you need to
know the time of purchase (*)
To allow the sales people to determine where the gold is coming from
You would not want to model this, it is not important
The Government of your country might want to be notified of this

transaction.
2. What is the function of logging or journaling in conceptual data

models?
Allows you to track the history of attribute values, relationships

and/or entire entities (*)
Gives a timestamp to all entities
Represents entities as time in the data model
Creates a fixed time for all events in a data model
3. Which of the following is a logical constraint that could result

from considering how time impacts an example of data storage?
End Date must be before the Start Date.
ASSIGNMENT periods can overlap causing the database to crash.
An ASSIGNMENT may only refer to a COUNTRY that is valid at the Start

Date of the ASSIGNMENT. (*)
Dates can be valued only with Time.
4. You are doing a data model for a computer sales company, where the
price goes down on a regular basis. If you want to allow them to modify
the price and keep track of the changes, what is the best way to model
this?
A. Create a product entity and a related price entity with start and
end dates, and then let the users enter the new price whenever required.
B. Create a new item and a new price every day.
C. Use a price entity with a start and end date
D. Allow them to delete the item and enter a new one.
E. Both A and C (*)

Test: Quiz: Drawing Conventions for Readability
1. There are no formal rules for how to draw ERD's. The most important
thing is to make sure all entities, attributes and relationships are
documented on diagram. The layout is not significant. True or False?
True
False (*)
2. It is a good idea to group your entities in a diagram according to

the expected volumes. By grouping high volume entities together, the
diagrams could become easier to read. True or False?
True (*)
False
3. Which of the following statements are true for ERD's to enhance

their readability. (Choose Two)
There should be no crossing lines. (*)
All crows feet (Many-ends) of relationships should point the same

way. (*)
There should be many crossing lines.
It does not matter which way the crows feet (many ends) point.
4. You must make sure all entities of a proposed system can fit onto
one diagram. It is not allowed to break up a data model into more than
one diagram. True or False?
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Generic Modeling
1. Generic models are generally less complex than a specific model.

True or False?
True
False (*)
2. All data models MUST have some portions of the model modeled as a
generic component. True or False?
True
False (*)
3. When you transform a specific model to be generic, which of the

following statements are true? (Choose Two)
You tend to end up with fewer entities in the generic model than you
had in the specific model. (*)
Either all or none of the original attributes make it into the

generic model. (*)
You will always have more entities in a generic model than in the
corresponding specific model.
None of the original specific model attributes are allowed in a

generic model.
Test: Quiz: Introduction to Relational Database Concepts
1. Identify all of the statements that complete this sentence: A

primary key is: (Choose Three)
A single column that uniquely identifies each row in a table. (*)
A set of columns that uniquely identifies each row in a table. (*)
A set of columns and keys in a single table that uniquely identifies

each row in a single table. (*)
Only one column that cannot be null.
2. A table does not have to have a primary key. True or False?

True (*)
False
3. One or more columns in a primary key can be null. True or False?
True
False (*)
4. A foreign key always refers to a primary key in the same table.

True or False?
True
False (*)
5. Foreign keys cannot be null when:
It is part of a primary key. (*)
It refers to another table.
It contains three or more columns.
6. Column integrity refers to:
Columns always having values.
Columns always containing positive numbers.
Columns always containing values consistent with the defined data

format. (*)
Columns always containing text data less than 255 characters.

7. The explanation below defines which constraint type:
A primary key must be unique, and no part of the primary key can be null.
Entity integrity. (*)
Referential integrity.
Column integrity.
User-defined integrity.
8. The explanation below defines which constraint type:

A column must contain only values consistent with the defined data format
of the column.
Entity integrity.
Column integrity. (*)
9. The explanation below is an example of what constraint type:

The value in the dept_no column of the EMPLOYEES table must match a value
in the dept_no column in the DEPARTMENTS table.
Entity integrity.
Referential integrity. (*)
Column integrity.
10. The explanation below is an example of what constraint type:

If the value in the balance column of the ACCOUNTS table is below 100, we
must send a letter to the account owner which will require extra
programming to enforce.
Entity integrity.
Column integrity.
User-defined integrity. (*)
Test: Quiz: Basic Mapping: The Transformation Process
1. In a physical data model, an entity becomes a _____________.
Attribute
Table (*)
Constraint
Column
2. In a physical data model, a relationship is represented as a:
Column
Primary Key
Unique Identifier
Foreign Key (*)
3. Attributes become columns in a database table. True or False?
True (*)
False
4. Why would this table name NOT work in an Oracle database?

2007_EMPLOYEES
Numbers cannot be incorporated into table names
Table names must start with an alphabetic character (*)
Underscores "_" are not allowed in table names
None of the above
5. In an Oracle database, why would the following table name not be

allowed 'EMPLOYEE JOBS'?
The database does not understand all capital letters
EMPLOYEE is a reserved word
JOBS is a reserved word
You cannot have spaces between words in a table name (*)
6. The transformation from an ER diagram to a physical design involves

changing terminology. Entities in the ER diagram become __________ , and
attributes become ____________.
Columns, Tables
Tables, Columns (*)
Foreign Keys, Columns
Tables, Foreign Keys
7. The transformation from an ER diagram to a physical design involves

changing terminology. Relationships in the ER diagram become __________ ,
and primary unique identifiers become ____________.
Foreign keys, primary keys (*)
Primary keys, foreign keys
Foreign keys, mandatory business rules

Foreign keys, optional business rules
Test: Quiz: Relationship Mapping
1. What do you create when you transform a many to many relationship

from your ER diagram into a physical design?
Foreign key constraints
Intersection entity
Intersection table (*)
Primary key constraints
2. Relationships on an ERD can only be transformed into UIDs in the

physical model? True or False?
True
False (*)
3. One-to-One relationships are transformed into Foreign Keys in the

tables created at either end of that relationship? True or False?
True
False (*)
4. One-to-Many Optional to Mandatory becomes a _______________ on the
Master table.
Mandatory Foreign Key
Nothing (There are no new columns created on the Master table) (*)
Optional Foreign Key
Primary Key
5. Two entities A and B have an optional (A) to Mandatory (B) One-to-

One relationship. When they are transformed, the Foreign Key(s) is placed
on:
The table BS (*)
The Table AS
Nowhere, One-to-One are not transformed
Both tables As and Bs get a new column and a Foreign Key.
6. A barrred Relationship will result in a Foreign Key column that

also is part of:
The Table Name
The Column Name
The Check Constraint
The Primary Key (*)
Test: Quiz: Subtype Mapping

1. The "Arc Implementation" is a synonym for what type of
implementation?
Supertype Implementation
Subtype Implementation
Cascade Implementation
Supertype and Subtype Implementation (*)
2. When translating an arc relationship to a physical design, you must

turn the arc relationships into foreign keys. What additional step must
you take with the created foreign keys to ensure the exclusivity
principle of arc relationships? (Assume that you are implementing an
Exclusive Design) (Choose Two)
Make all relationships mandatory
Make all relationships optional (*)
Create an additional check constraint to verify that one foreign key

is populated and the others are not (*)
All the above
3. When mapping supertypes, relationships at the supertype level

transform as usual. Relationships at subtype level are implemented as
foreign keys, but the foreign key columns all become optional. True or
False?
True (*)
False
4. Which of the following are reasons you should consider when using a
Subtype Implementation? (Choose Two)
When the common access paths for the subtypes are similar.
When the common access paths for the subtypes are different. (*)
Business functionality and business rules are similar between

subtypes.
Most of the relationships are at the subtype level (*)
Test: Quiz: SQL Introduction: Querying the Database
1. What command retrieves data from the database?
ALTER
SELECT (*)
DESCRIBE
INSERT
2. What command can be used to show information about the structure of

a table?
ALTER
SELECT
DESCRIBE (*)
INSERT
3. What command can be added to a select statement to return a subset
of the data?
WHERE (*)
WHEN
ALL
EVERYONE
4. What command do you use to add rows to a table
INSERT (*)
ADD
ADD_ROW
NEW_ROW
5. Examine the follolowing SELECT statement.

SELECT *
FROM employees;
This statement will retrieve all the rows in the employees table. True or
False?
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Basic Table Modifications

1. The SQL statement ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES DROP COLUMN SALARY will
delete all of the rows in the employees table. True or False?
True
False (*)
2. The f_customers table contains the following data:

ID Name Address City State Zip
1 Cole Bee 123 Main Street Orlando FL 32838
2 Zoe Twee 1009 Oliver Avenue Boston MA 02116
3 Sandra Lee 22 Main Street Tampa FL 32444
If you run the following statement,
DELETE FROM F_CUSTOMERS

WHERE STATE='FL';
how many rows will be left in the table?
1 (*)
3. What will the following statement do to the employee table?

ALTER TABLE employees ADD (gender VARCHAR2(1))
Add a new row to the EMPLOYEES table
Rename a column in the EMPLOYEES table
Change the datatype of the GENDER column
Add a new column called GENDER to the EMPLOYEES table (*)

Test: Quiz: System Development Life Cycle
1. During which phases of the System Development Life Cycle would you
roll out the system to the users?
Build and Transition
Strategy and Analysis
Design and Production
Transition and Production (*)
2. In which phases of the System Development Life Cycle will we need

to use SQL as a language? (Choose Two)
Analysis
Transition (*)
Strategy
Build and Document (*)
3. The data model can be used to...
Communicate and group
Describe and specify

Analyze and copy
All of the Above (*)
Test: Quiz: Anatomy of a SQL Statement
1. The SQL SELECT statement is capable of:
Selection and protection
Selection and projection (*)
Projection and updating
None of the above
2. SELECT * FROM departments; is a:
Keyword
Statement (*)
Declaration
Strategy
3. The order of operator precedence is
/ + - *
* - + /
* / + - (*)
None of the above
4. If you want to see all columns of data in a table, you use what
symbol?
&
* (*)
5. If you want to see just a subset of the columns in a table, you use
what symbol?
&
None of the above, instead of using a symbol you name the columns you
want to see the data for. (*)
6. What is a NULL value?
A perfect zero
A known value less than zero
A blank space
An unknown value (*)

Test: Quiz: Relational Database Technology
1. RDBMS stands for
Relational database manipulation system.
Relational database management system. (*)
Relational database mutilation system.
Relational database management style.
2. The following statements are true regarding tables in a RDBMS:

(Choose Two)
A table is a logical object only. They cannot be created in a RDBMS.
A table holds all the data necessary about something in the real
world, such as employees, invoices or customers. (*)
Tables contain fields, which can be found at the intersection of a

row and a column. (*)
It is not possible to relate multiple tables within an RDBMS.
3. The following table creation statement is valid. True or False?

CREATE TABLE country (
ID NUMBER(6) NOT NULL,
NAME VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,
LOC VARCHAR2(40),
REG_ID NUMBER,
NAME VARCHAR2(25))
True
False (*)
4. Once data has been created in a RDBMS, the ony way of getting it
out again is by writing a Java or C program. No other languages can be
used to access that data. True or False?
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Working with Columns, Characters, and Rows
1. The structure of the table can be displayed with the _________

command:
Desc
Describe
Dis
A and B (*)
2. The concatenation operator ...
Brings together columns or character strings into other columns
Creates a resultant column that is a character expression
Is represented by two vertical bars ( || )

All of the above (*)
3. In order to eliminate duplicate rows use the ________ keyword
FIRST_ONLY
DISTINCT (*)
SINGLES_ONLY
EXCLUSIVE
4. Which of the following is NOT BEING DONE in this SQL statement?

SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name "Name"
FROM employees;
Concatenating first name, middle name and last name (*)
Putting a space between first name and last name
Selecting columns from the employees table
Using a column alias
5. The following is a valid SQL SELECT statement. True or False?

SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name alias AS Employee_Name
FROM employees:
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Limit Rows Selected
1. To restrict the rows returned from an SQL Query, you should use the
_____ clause:
SELECT
WHERE (*)
GROUP BY
CONDITION
All of the above
2. Which example would limit the number of rows returned?
SELECT title FROM d_songs WHEN type_code = 88;
SELECT title FROM d_songs WHERE type_code = = 88;
SELECT title FROM d_songs WHERE type_code = 88; (*)
SELECT title FROM d_songs WHEN type_code = = 88;
3. Which query would give the following result?

LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME DEPARTMENT_ID
King Steven 90
SELECT last_name, first_name, department_id

FROM employees C
WHERE last_name = 'KING';
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
(*)

FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'k%';

FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'KING';
4. Which of the following statements will work?
SELECT first_name ||' '||last_name NAME, department_id DEPARTMENT,

salary*12 "ANNUAL SALARY"
FROM employees
WHERE name = 'King';

salary*12 "ANNUAL SALARY"
FROM employees
(*)

salary*12 'ANNUAL SALARY'
FROM employees

salary*12 'ANNUAL SALARY'
FROM employees
WHERE name = 'King';
5. Which of the following would be returned by this SELECT statement:

SELECT last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary < 3500;
LAST_NAME SALARY
King 5000
LAST_NAME SALARY
Rajas 3500
LAST_NAME SALARY
Davies 3100
(*)
All of the above
6. Which of the following are true? (Choose Two)
Character strings are enclosed in double quotation marks
Date values are enclosed in single quotation marks (*)
Character values are not case-sensitive
Date values are format-sensitive (*)
7. How can you write not equal to in the WHERE-clause
!=
^=
<>

EXCLUSIVE
4. Which of the following is NOT BEING DONE in this SQL statement?

SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name "Name"
FROM employees;
Concatenating first name, middle name and last name (*)
Putting a space between first name and last name
Selecting columns from the employees table
Using a column alias
5. The following is a valid SQL SELECT statement. True or False?

SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name alias AS Employee_Name
FROM employees:
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Comparison Operators
1. Which of the following are examples of comparison operators used in

the WHERE clause?
=, >, <, <=, >=, <>
between ___ and ___
in (..,..,.. )
like
is null
2. When using the "LIKE" operator, the % and _ symbols can be used to
do a pattern-matching, wild card search. True or False?
True (*)
False
3. Which statement would select salaries that are greater than or

equal to 2500 and less than or equal to 3500? Choose two answers.
WHERE salary >= 2500 AND salary <= 3500 (*)
WHERE salary <=2500 AND salary >= 3500
WHERE salary BETWEEN 2500 AND 3500 (*)
WHERE salary BETWEEN 3500 AND 2500
4. Which of the following WHERE clauses would not select the number
10?
WHERE hours BETWEEN 10 AND 20
WHERE hours <= 10
WHERE hours <>10 (*)
WHERE hours IN (8,9,10)

Test: Quiz: Logical Comparisons and Precedence Rules
1. Which of the following statements best describes the rules of

precedence when using SQL?
The order in which the columns are displayed
The order in which the expressions are sorted
The order in which the operators are returned
The order in which the expressions are evaluated and calculated (*)
All of the above
2. Which of the following is earliest in the rules of precedence?
Concatenation operator
Logical condition
Comparison condition
Arithmetic operator (*)
3. Which symbol in the WHERE clause means "Not Equal To"? (Choose Two)
NOT IN (...) (*)
=+
<> (*)
><
4. Which of the following are examples of logical operators that might

be used in a WHERE clause. (Choose Two)
AND, OR (*)
< >, =, <=, >=, <>
NOT (*)
LIKES
All of the above
5. What will be the results of the following selection?

SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name NOT LIKE 'A%' AND last_name NOT LIKE 'B%'
All last names that begin with A or B
All last names that do not begin with A or B (*)
No rows will be returned. There is a syntax error
All rows will be returned
6. Find the clause that will give the same results as:
SELECT *
FROM d_cds
WHERE cd_number NOT IN(90, 91, 92);
WHERE cd_id <=90 and cd_id >=92;
WHERE cd_id NOT LIKE (90, 91, 92);

WHERE cd_id != 90 and cd_id != 91 and cd_id != 92; (*)
WHERE cd_id != 90 or cd_id != 91 or cd_id!= 92;
7. Which of the following would be returned by this SQL statement:

SELECT First_name, last_name, department_id
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN(50,80)
AND first_name LIKE 'C%'
OR last_name LIKE '%s%'
FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME DEPARTMENT_ID

Shelly Higgins 110

Curtis Davies 50

Randall Matos 50

Michael Hartstein 20
In . Refer to 8
Test: Quiz: Sorting Rows

1. Which of the following is true of the ORDER BY clause: (Choose Two)
Must be the last clause of the SQL statement (*)
Displays the fetched rows in no particular order
Defaults to a descending order (DESC)
Defaults to an ascending order (ASC) (*)
2. What columns can be added to the following SELECT statement in its

ORDER BY clause? (Choose Three)
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary, hire_date
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 50
ORDER BY ?????;
last_name, first_name. (*)
All columns in the EMPLOYEES table. (*)
The table name, EMPLOYEES, which would then automatically sort by all
columns in the table.
Any column in the EMPLOYEES table, any expression in the SELECT list
or any ALIAS in the SELECT list. (*)
All the columns in the database.
3. A column alias can be specified in an ORDER BY Clause. True or

False?
True (*)
False
4. What clause must you place in a SQL statement to have your results
sorted from highest to lowest salary?
ORDER BY salary ASC
ORDER BY salary DESC (*)
ORDER salary BY DESC
None, the database always sorts from highest to lowest on the salary
column.
Test: Quiz: Introduction to Functions
1. The conversion function TO_CHAR is a single row function. True or

False?
True (*)
False
2. The function COUNT is a single row function. True or False?
True
False (*)
3. The following statement represents a multi-row function. True or

False?
SELECT UPPER(last_name)
FROM employees;
True
False (*)
4. The following statement represents a multi-row function. True or

False?
SELECT MAX(salary)
FROM employees
True (*)
False
5. Will the following statement return one row?

SELECT MAX(salary), MIN(Salary), AVG(SALARY)
FROM employees;
No, it is illegal. You cannot use more than one multi-row function in
a SELECT statement
Yes, it will return the highest salary, the lowest salary and the
average salary from all employees (*)
Yes, it will return the highest salary from each employee
Yes, it will return the average salary from the employees table.
Oracle Academy Database Programming with SQL - Teacher
Character, Number and Date Functions
1. What does the following SQL SELECT statement return?

SELECT UPPER( SUBSTR('Database Programming', INSTR('Database
Programming','P'),20))
FROM dual;
Programming
PROGRAMMING (*)
Database
DATABASE
2. Single row functions may be used in ______, _______ and _______

clauses. (Choose two answers.)
SELECT, FROM, ALWAYS
FROM, SELECT, ORDERS
WHERE, DECODE, ORDER BY (*)
SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY (*)
3. Which query selects the first names of the DJ On Demand clients who
have a first name beginning with "A"?
SELECT UPPER(first_name)
FROM d_clients
WHERE first_name LIKE %a%
FROM d_clients v
WHERE first_name LIKE '%a%'
FROM d_clients
WHERE first_name LIKE 'a%'
FROM d_clients
WHERE LOWER(first_name) LIKE 'a%'
(*)
4. Which character manipulation function always returns a numerical

value?
TRIM
LPAD
LENGTH (*)
SUBSTR
5. Which query would return a user password combining the ID of an

employee and the first 4 digits of the last name?
SELECT CONCAT (employee_id, SUBSTR(last_name,4,1))

AS "User Passwords"
FROM employees
SELECT CONCAT (employee_id, INSTR(last_name,4,1))

AS "User Passwords"
FROM employees
SELECT CONCAT (employee_id, INSTR(last_name,1,4))

AS "User Passwords"
FROM employees
SELECT CONCAT (employee_id, SUBSTR(last_name,1,4))

AS "User Passwords"
FROM employees
(*)
6. Character functions accept character arguments and only return

character values. True or False?
True
False (*)
7. Which of the following are types of SQL functions? (Choose two

answers.)
Multi-Row Functions (*)
Column-Row Functions
Single-Row Functions (*)
Many-to-Many Functions
8. Which of the following SQL statements would ly return a song

title identified in the database as "All These Years"?
WHERE title CONTAINS 'Years';
WHERE title LIKE LOWER('all these years');

WHERE title IN('All','These','Years');
WHERE title LIKE INITCAP('%all these years'); (*)
9. Identify the output from the following SQL statement:

SELECT RPAD('SQL',6, '*')
FROM DUAL;
******SQL
***SQL
SQL*** (*)
SQL******
Test: Quiz: Number Functions
1. The answer to the following script is 456. True or False?

SELECT TRUNC(ROUND(456.98))
FROM dual
True
False (*)
2. ROUND and TRUNC functions can be used with which of the following
Datatypes?
Dates and numbers (*)
Dates and characters
Numbers and characters
None of the above
3. Which number function may be used to determine if a value is odd or

even?
MOD (*)
TRUNC
ROUND
BINARY
4. What is the result of the following SQL Statement:

SELECT ROUND(45.923,-1)
FROM DUAL;
46
45.9
50 (*)
None of the above
Test: Quiz: Date Functions
Review your answers, feedback, and question scores below. An asterisk (*)
indicates a correct
1. Which query would return a whole number if the sysdate is 26-MAY-

04? Mark for Review
SELECT TRUNC(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,'19-MAR-79') /12)

AS YEARS
FROM DUAL;
(*)
SELECT TRUNC(YEARS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,'19-MAR-79') /12)

AS YEARS
FROM DUAL;
SELECT MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,'19-MAR-79') /12

AS YEARS
FROM DUAL;
None of the above
2. Round and Trunc can be used on Date datatypes. True or False? Mark
for Review
True (*)
False
3. What is the result of the following query?

SELECT ADD_MONTHS ('11-JAN-94',6)
FROM dual;
Mark for Review
1/17/2004
1/11/1995
7/11/1994 (*)
7/17/1994
4. What is the result of the following query?

SELECT ADD_YEARS ('11-JAN-94',6)
FROM dual;
Mark for Review
This in not a valid SQL statement. (*)
7/11/1995
1/11/2000
7/11/2000
5. What function would you use to return the highest date in a month?
Mark for Review
FINAL_DAY
END_DAY
HIGHEST_DAY
LAST_DAY (*)
6. If hire_date has a value of '03-July-03', then what is the output

from this code?
SELECT ROUND(hire_date, 'Year') FROM employees;
Mark for Review
01-JAN-04 (*)
01-JAN-03
01-JUL-03
01-AUG-03
Section 2 Single Row Functions
Test: Quiz: Conversion Functions
indicates a correct
1. The following script will run successfully. True or False?

SELECT TO_CHAR(TO_DATE("25-DEC-04",'dd-MON-yy'))
FROM dual
Mark for Review
True
False (*)
2. You need to display the HIRE_DATE values in this format:

25th of July 2002.
Which SELECT statement would you use?
Mark for Review
SELECT enroll_date(hire_date, 'DDspth "of" Month YYYY')

FROM employees;
SELECT TO_CHAR(hire_date, 'ddth "of" Month YYYY')

FROM employees;
(*)
SELECT TO_CHAR(hire_date, 'DDTH "of" Month YYYY')

FROM employees;
SELECT TO_CHAR(hire_date, 'DDspth 'of' Month RRRR')

FROM employees;
3. Sysdate is 12-MAY-2004.
You need to store the following date: 7-DEC-89
Which statement about the date format for this value is true?
Mark for Review
Both the YY and RR date formats will interpret the year as 1989.
Both the YY and RR date formats will interpret the year as 2089.
The RR date format will interpret the year as 1989, and the YY date
format will interpret the year as 2089. (*)
The RR date format will interpret the year as 2089, and the YY date
format will interpret the year as 1989.
4. Which statement is true about SQL functions? Mark for Review
Functions can convert values or text to another data type.
Functions can round a number to a specified decimal place.
Functions can convert upper case characters to lower case characters.
a, b and c are true. (*)
None of the above statements are true.
5. A table has the following definition:

EMPLOYEES(
EMPLOYEE_ID NUMBER(6) NOT NULL,
LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(10) NOT NULL,
MANAGER_ID VARCHAR2(6))
and contains the following rows:
(1001, 'Bob Bevan', '200')

(200,'Natacha Hansen', null)
Will the following query work?

SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = manager_id;
Mark for Review
No, because the WHERE-clause will not find any matching data.
No, because the datatypes of ID and MANAGER are different.
Yes, Oracle will perform implicit datatype conversion. (*)
No. You will have to re-write the statement and perform explicit
datatype conversion.
6. Which statement will return the salary of e.g. 6000 from the
Employees table in the following format $6000.00? Mark for Review
SELECT TO_CHAR(salary, '$99999.00') SALARY

FROM employees
(*)
SELECT TO_CHAR(salary, '99999.00') SALARY
FROM employees
SELECT TO_CHAR(salary, '$99999') SALARY

FROM employees
SELECT TO_CHAR(sal, '$99999.00') SALARY

FROM employees
Test: Quiz: Null Functions
indicates a correct
1. The following statement returns 0 (zero). True or False?

SELECT 121/NULL
FROM dual;
Mark for Review
True
False (*)
2. If quantity is a number datatype, what is the result of this

statement?
SELECT NVL(200/quantity, 'zero') FROM inventory;
Mark for Review
zero
ZERO
The statement fails (*)
Null
3. Which function compares two expressions? Mark for Review
NVL
NULLIF (*)
NVL2
NULL
4. Consider the following data in the Employees table:

(last_name, commission_pct, manager_id)
DATA:
King,null,null
Kochhar, null,100
Vargas, null, 124
Zlotkey,.2, 100
What is the result of the following statement:
SELECT last_name, COALESCE(commission_pct, manager_id, -1) comm

FROM employees ;
Mark for Review
Statement will fail
King, -1
Kochhar, 100
Vargas, 124
Zlotkey, .2
(*)
King, -1
Kochhar, 100
Vargas, 124
Zlotkey, 100
King, null
Kochhar, 100
Vargas, 124
Zlotkey, .2
5. With the following data in Employees (last_name, commission_pct,

manager_id) what is the result of the following statement?
DATA:
King,null,null
Kochhar, null,100
Vargas, null, 124
Zlotkey,.2, 100
SELECT last_name, NVL2(commission_pct, manager_id, -1) comm
FROM employees ;
Mark for Review
King, -1
Kochhar, -1
Vargas, -1
Zlotkey, .2
Statement will fail.

King, -1
Kochhar, 100
Vargas, 124
Zlotkey, .2
King, -1
Kochhar, -1
Vargas, -1
Zlotkey, 100
(*)
Test: Quiz: Conditional Expressions
indicates a correct
1. CASE and DECODE evaluate expressions in a similar way to IF-THEN-

ELSE logic. However, DECODE is specific to Oracle syntax. True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
2. Which of the following is a conditional expression used in SQL? Mark

for Review
CASE (*)
DESCRIBE
WHERE
NULLIF
3. Which statement will return a listing of last names, salaries and a

rating of 'Low', 'Medium', 'Good' or 'Excellent' depending on the salary
value? Mark for Review
SELECT last_name,salary,
(CASE WHEN salary < 5000 THEN 'Low'
WHEN salary < 10000 THEN 'Medium'
WHEN salary < 20000 THEN 'Good'
ELSE 'Excellent'
END) qualified_salary
FROM employees;
(*)
(CASE WHEN sal < 5000 THEN 'Low'
WHEN sal < 10000 THEN 'Medium'
WHEN sal < 20000 THEN 'Good'
ELSE 'Excellent'
FROM employees;
SELECT last_name,sal,
(CASE WHEN sal < 5000 THEN 'Low'
WHEN sal < 10000 THEN 'Medium'
WHEN sal < 20000 THEN 'Good'
ELSE 'Excellent'
FROM employees;
(RATING WHEN salary < 5000 THEN 'Low'
WHEN salary < 10000 THEN 'Medium'
WHEN salary < 20000 THEN 'Good'
ELSE 'Excellent'
FROM employees;
4. For the given data from Employees (last_name, manager_id) what is the
result of the following statement:
DATA:
( King, null
Kochhar, 100
De Haan, 100
Hunold, 102
Ernst, 103)
SELECT last_name,
DECODE(manager_id, 100, 'King', 'A N Other') "Works For?"
FROM employees
Mark for Review
King, Null
Kochhar, King
De Haan, King
Hunold, A N Other
Ernst, A N Other
King, A N Other
Kochhar, King
De Haan, King
Hunold, A N Other
Ernst, A N Other
(*)
Invalid statement.
King, A N Other
Kochhar, King
De Haan, King
Hunold, Kochhar
Ernst, De Haan
Test: Quiz: Cartesian Product and the Join Operations
indicates a correct
1. What is the result of a query that selects from two tables but
includes no join condition? Mark for Review
A Cartesian product. (*)
A selection of matched rows from both tables.
A Syntax error.
A selection of rows from the first table only.
2. When must column names be prefixed by table names in JOIN syntax?

Mark for Review
When more than two tables participate in the join.
Only when query speed and database performance is a concern.
When the same column name appears in more than one table of the
query. (*)
Never.
3. If table A have 10 rows and table B have 5 rows, how many rows will
be returned if you perform a cartesian join on those two tables? Mark
for Review
50 (*)
10
15
4. If table A have 10 rows and table B have 5 rows, how many rows will
be returned if you perform a equi-join on those two tables? Mark for
Review
50
10
It depends on the data found in the two tables. (*)
5. Will the following statement work?

SELECT department_name, last_name
FROM employees, departments
WHERE department_id = department_id; Mark for Review
Yes, there are no syntax errors in the statement.
No, Oracle will return a column ambiguously defined error. (*)
Yes, Oracle will resolve which department_id colum comes from which
table.
No, Oracle will not allow joins in the WHERE clause.
6. Oracle proprietary JOINS can use the WHERE clause for conditions
other than the join-condition. True or False? Mark for Review
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Nonequijoins
indicates a correct
1. Which of the following operators is/are typically used in a

nonequijoin? Mark for Review
NOT
OR
IN
>=, <=, BETWEEN ...AND (*)

*
2. Which statement about joining tables with a non-equijoin is false?

Mark for Review
A WHERE clause must specify a column in one table that is compared to

a column in the second table (*)
The number of join conditions required is always one less than the
number of tables being joined
The columns being joined must have compatible data types
None of the above
3. The following statement is an example of a nonequi-join?

SELECT e.last_name, e.salary, j.grade_level
FROM employees e, job_grades j
WHERE e.salary
BETWEEN j.lowest_sal AND j.highest_sal;
True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Outer Joins
indicates a correct
1. Which symbol is used to perform an outer join? Mark for Review
||
(+) (*)
2. The ID column in the CLIENT table that corresponds to the CLIENT_ID

column of the ORDER table contains null values for rows that need to be
displayed. Which type of join should you use to display the data? Mark
for Review
Equijoin
Self join
Outer join (*)
Nonequi-Join
3. To perform a valid outer join between DEPARMENTS and EMPLOYEES to

list departments without employees select the correct WHERE clause for
the following select statement:
SELECT d.department_name, e.last_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE
Mark for Review
e.department_id(+) = d.department_id (*)
e.department_id(+) = d.department_id(+)
e.department_id = d.department_id(+)
e.department_id = d.department_id
4. The following is a valid outer join statement:

SELECT c.country_name, d.department_name
FROM countries c, departments d
WHERE c.country_id (+) = d.country_id (+)
True or False?
Mark for Review
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Self Joins and Hierarchical Queries
indicates a correct
1. Which of the following database design concepts is implemented with

a self join? Mark for Review
Non-Transferability
Recursive Relationship (*)
Supertype
Arc
2. Which SELECT statement implements a self join? Mark for Review

SELECT e.employee_id, m.manager_id
FROM employees e NATURAL JOIN employees m;

FROM employees e, employees m
WHERE m.employee_id = e.manager_id;
(*)

FROM employees e, manager m
WHERE e.employee_id = m.manager_id;

FROM employees e, departments m
WHERE e.employee_id = m.manager_id;
3. Which select statement will return the last name and hire data of an
employee and his/ her manager for employees that started in the company
before their managers? Mark for Review
SELECT w.last_name, w.hire_date, m.last_name, m.hire_date

FROM employees w , employees m
WHERE w.manager_id = m.employee_id AND w.hire_date < m.hire_date
(*)

WHERE w.manager_id != m.employee_id AND w.hire_date < m.hire_date

FROM employees w , employees w
WHERE w.manager_id = w.employee_id
AND w.hire_date < w.hire_date

WHERE w.manager_id = m.employee_id AND w.hire_date > m.hire_date
4. Which of the following database design concepts do you need in your

tables to write Hierarchical queries? Mark for Review
Non-Transferability
Recursive Relationship (*)
Supertype
Arc
5. Hierarchical queries MUST use the LEVEL pseudo column. True or False?
Mark for Review
True
False (*)
6. Hierarchical queries can walk both Top-Down and Bottom-Up. True or

False? Mark for Review
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Cross joins and Natural Joins
indicates a correct
1. A NATURAL JOIN is based on: Mark for Review
Columns with the same name and datatype (*)
Columns with the same name
Columns with the same datatype and width
Tables with the same structure
2. The ___________ join is the ANSI-standard syntax used to generate a

Cartesian product. Mark for Review
NATURAL
ALL
FULL
CROSS (*)
3. What happens when you create a Cartesian product? Mark for Review
All rows from one table are joined to all rows of another table (*)
No rows are returned as you entered wrong join-criteria

The table is joined to itself, one column to the next column,
exhausting all possibilities
All rows that do not match in the WHERE clause are displayed
4. The join column must be included in the select statement when you use
the NATURAL JOIN clause. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Join Clauses
indicates a correct
1. The keywords JOIN _____________ should be used to join tables with

the same column names but different datatypes. Mark for Review
NATURAL ON
ON
WHEN
USING (*)
2. Table aliases MUST be used with columns referenced in the JOIN USING
clause. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
3. The primary advantage of using JOIN ON is: Mark for Review
The join happens automatically based on matching column names and

data types
It will display rows that do not meet the join condition
It easily produces a Cartesian product between the tables in the

statement
It permits columns that don?t have matching data types to be joined

It permits columns with different names to be joined (*)
4. You can do nonequi-joins with ANSI-Syntax. True or False? Mark for

Review
True (*)
False
5. The following is a valid SQL statement.

SELECT e.employee_id, e.last_name, d.location_id, department_id
FROM employees e JOIN departments d
USING (department_id) ;
True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Inner versus Outer Joins
indicates a correct
1. Which syntax would be used to retrieve all rows in both the

EMPLOYEES and DEPARTMENTS tables, even when there is no match? Mark for
Review
FULL OUTER JOIN (*)
LEFT OUTER JOIN AND RIGHT OUTER JOIN
FULL INNER JOIN
Use any equijoin syntax
2. What is another name for a simple join or an inner join? Mark for
Review
Nonequijoin
Equijoin (*)
Self Join
Outer Join
3. The following statement is an example of what kind of join?

SELECT car.vehicle_id, driver.name
FROM car
LEFT OUTER JOIN driver ON (driver_id) ;
Mark for Review
Inner Join
Outer Join (*)
Equijoin
Optimal Join
4. EMPLOYEES Table:
Name Null? Type
EMPLOYEE_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(6)
FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(20)
LAST_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(25)
DEPARTMENT_ID NUMBER (4)
DEPARTMENTS Table:
Name Null? Type
DEPARTMENT_ID NOT NULL NUMBER 4
DEPARTMENT_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
MANAGER_ID NUMBER (6)
A query is needed to display each department and its manager name from
the above tables. However, not all departments have a manager but we want
departments returned in all cases. Which of the following SQL: 1999
syntax scripts will accomplish the task?
Mark for Review
SELECT d.department_id, e.first_name, e.last_name

FROM employees e
LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d
WHERE (e.department_id = d.department_id);

FROM employees e
RIGHT OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.employee_id = d.manager_id);
(*)

FROM employees e
FULL OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.employee_id = d.manager_id);

WHERE e.employee_id RIGHT OUTER JOIN d.manager_id;
5. For which of the following tables will all the values be retrieved
even if there is no match in the other?
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
Mark for Review
employees (*)
department
both
Neither. the LEFT OUTER JOIN limits the value to the matching
department id's.
6. If you select rows from two tables (employees and departments) using
an outer join, what will you get? Use the code below to arrive at your
answer:
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
Mark for Review
All employees that do not have a department_id assigned to them
All employees including those that do not have a department_id

assigned to them (*)
No employees as the statement will fail
None of the above
7. Given the following descriptions of the employees and jobs tables,

which of the following scripts will display each employee?s possible
minimum and maximum salaries based on their job title?
EMPLOYEES Table:
Name Null? Type
EMPLOYEE_ID NOT NULL NUMBER (6)
FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2 (20)
LAST_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2 (25)
EMAIL NOT NULL VARCHAR2 (25)
PHONE_NUMBER VARCHAR2 (20)
HIRE_DATE NOT NULL DATE
JOB_ID NOT NULL VARCHAR2 (10)
SALARY NUMBER (8,2)
COMMISSION_PCT NUMBER (2,2)
MANAGER_ID NUMBER (6)
DEPARTMENT_ID NUMBER (4)
JOBS Table:
Name Null? Type
JOB_ID NOT NULL VARCHAR2 (10)
JOB_TITLE NOT NULL VARCHAR2 (35)
MIN_SALARY NUMBER (6)
MAX_SALARY NUMBER (6)
Mark for Review
SELECT e.first_name, e.last_name, e.job_id, j.min_salary,

j.max_salary
FROM employees e
NATURAL JOIN jobs j
USING (job_id);
SELECT first_name, last_name, job_id, min_salary, max_salary

FROM employees
NATURAL JOIN jobs;
(*)

j.max_salary
FROM employees e
NATURAL JOIN jobs j;
SELECT first_name, last_name, job_id, min_salary, max_salary

FROM employees e
FULL JOIN jobs j (job_id);

j.max_salary
FROM employees e
NATURAL JOIN jobs j ON (e.job_title = j.job_title);
Test: Quiz: Group Functions
indicates a correct
1. What two group functions can be used with any datatype? Mark for
Review
STDDEV, VARIANCE
SUM, AVG
COUNT, SUM
MIN, MAX (*)
2. What would the following SQL statement return?

SELECT MAX(hire_date)
FROM employees;
Mark for Review
The hire date of the longest serving employee
The hire date of the newest employee (*)
The hire dates of all employees in ascending order
The hire dates of all employees
3. You can use GROUP functions in all clauses of a SELECT statement.

True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
4. The following statement will work even though it uses the same column
with different GROUP functions:
SELECT AVG(salary), MAX(salary), MIN(salary), SUM(salary)
FROM employees;
True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
5. Given the following data in the employees table (employee_id, salary,

commission_pct)
DATA: (143, 2600, null
144, 2500, null
149, 10500, .2
174, 11000, .3
176, 8600, .2
178, 7000, .15)
SELECT AVG(commission_pct)
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id IN( 143,144,149,174,176,178)
Mark for Review

1.2125
This statement is invalid
0.2125 (*)
0.0425
6. Given the following data in the employees table (employee_id, salary,

commission_pct)
DATA: (143, 2600, null
144, 2500, null
149, 10500, .2
174, 11000, .3
176, 8600, .2
178, 7000, .15)
SELECT SUM(commission_pct), COUNT(commission_pct)

FROM employees
WHERE employee_id IN( 143,144,149,174,176,178)
Mark for Review
SUM = .85 and COUNT = 6
SUM = 1.85 and COUNT = 6
SUM = .85 and COUNT = 4 (*)
SUM = 1.85 and COUNT = 4
Test: Quiz: Count, Distinct, NVL
indicates a correct
1. To include null values in the calculations of a group function, you

must: Mark for Review
Precede the group function name with NULL
Count the number of null values in that column using COUNT
Convert the null to a value using the NVL( ) function (*)
Group functions can never use null values

SELECT COUNT(first_name)
FROM employees;
Mark for Review
A listing of all non-null first names in the employees table
The total number of non-null first names in the employees table (*)
The total number of rows in the employees table
A listing of all unique first names in the employees table

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT salary)
FROM employees;
Mark for Review
A listing of all unique salaries in the employees table
The total number of rows in the employees table
The total amount of salaries in the employees table
The number of unique salaries in the employees table (*)
4. Using your existing knowledge of the employees table, would the

following two statements produce the same result?
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(commission_pct)
FROM employees;
Mark for Review
The first statement is invalid
Yes
No (*)
The second statement is invalid

Test: Quiz: Group By and Having Clauses, ROLLUP and CUBE Operations, and
Grouping Sets
1. Read the following SELECT statement. Choose the column or columns

that must be included in the GROUP BY clause.
SELECT COUNT(last_name), grade, gender
FROM STUDENTS
GROUP_BY ?????;
last_name
last_name, grade
grade, gender (*)
last_name, gender
2. Is the following statement ?

SELECT department_id, AVG(salary)
FROM employees;
No, because a GROUP BY department_id clause is needed (*)
No, because the SELECT clause cannot contain both individual columns
and group functions
No, because the AVG function cannot be used on the salary column
Yes
3. Which of the following SQL statements could display the number of

people with the same last name:
SELECT first_name, last_name, COUNT(employee_id)

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name;
SELECT employee_id, COUNT(last_name)

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name;
SELECT last_name, COUNT(last_name)

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name;
(*)
SELECT employee_id, DISTINCT(last_name)

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name;
4. How would you alter the following query to list only employees
where more than one employee exists with the same last_name:
SELECT last_name, COUNT(employee_id)
FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name;
SELECT last_name, COUNT(employee_id)

FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE COUNT(*) > 1
GROUP BY last_name

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name
HAVING COUNT(last_name) > 1;
(*)

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name
EXISTS COUNT(last_name) > 1;
SELECT employee_id, DISTINCT(last_name)

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY last_name
HAVING last_name > 1;
5. Is the following statement :

SELECT first_name, last_name, salary, department_id, COUNT(employee_id)
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 50
GROUP BY last_name, first_name, department_id;
Yes
No, beause you cannot have a WHERE-clause when you use group
functions.
No, because the statement is missing salary in the GROUP BY clause
(*)
Yes, because Oracle will any mistakes in the statement itself
6. The following is a valid statement:

SELECT MAX(AVG(salary))
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id;
True or False?
True (*)
False
7. The use of GROUP BY GROUPING SETS(....) can speed up the execution of

complex report statements? (True or False)
True (*)
False
8. Examine the following statement:

SELECT department_id, manager_id, job_id, SUM(salary)
FROM employees
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS(.......);
Select the GROUP BY GROUPING SETS clause from the following list:
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS (department_id, AVG(salary)), (department_id,

job_id), (department_id, manager_id)
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS (department_id, salary), (department_id,

job_id), (department_id, manager_id)
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((department_id, manager_id), (department_id,

job_id), (manager_id, job_id)) (*)
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((department_id, manager_id), (department_id,

SUM(salary), (manager_id, job_id))
9. If you want to include subtotals and grant totals for all columns
mentioned in a GROUP BY clause you should use which of the following
extensions to the GROUP BY clause?
ROLLUP
CUBE (*)
GROUP BY ALL COLUMNS
HAVING

FROM employees
GROUP BY ROLLUP(department_id, manager_id)
What extra data will this query generate?
Subtotals for department_id, and grand totals for salary.
Subtotals for department_id, job_id and grand totals for salary.
Subtotals for department_id, job_id, manager_id and grand totals for

salary.
The statement will fail. (*)

FROM employees
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS((department_id, manager_id), (department_id,
job_id))
What data will this query generate?
Total salaries for (department_id, job_id) and (department_id,

manager_id) (*)
Total salaries for (department_id, job_id, manager_id)
Total for (job_id, manager_id)
The statement will fail.
Test: Quiz: Subqueries
1. Which of the following statements is a true guideline for using

subqueries?
Do not enclose the subquery in parentheses.

Place the subquery on the left side of the comparison condition.
The outer and inner queries can reference more than one table. They
can get data from different tables. (*)
Only one WHERE clause can be used for a SELECT statement, and if
specified, it must be the outer query.
2. Subqueries can only be placed in the WHERE clause. True or False?
True
False (*)
3. What will the following statement return:

FROM employees
WHERE salary < (SELECT salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 103)
A list of last_names and salaries of employees that makes more than

employee 103
A list of last_names and salaries of employees that makes less than

employee 103 (*)
A list of first_names and salaries of employees making less than

employee 103
Nothing. It is an invalid statement.

SELECT employee_id, last_name
FROM employees
WHERE salary =
(SELECT MIN(salary)
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id);
Nothing. It is an invalid statement. (*)
A list of last_names and salaries of employees
A list of first_names and salaries of employees in Department 50
A list of last_names and salaries of employees grouped by

department_id.

FROM employees
WHERE (department_id, job_id) IN (SELECT (department_id, job_id)
FROM employees
A list of last_names and salaries of employees that works in the same

department and has the same job_id as that of employee 103. (*)
A list of last_names or salaries of employees that works in the same

department and has the same job_id as that of employee 103.
A list of last_names and salaries of employees that works in the same

department or has the same job_id as that of employee 103.
Nothing. It is an invalid statement.

FROM employees
WHERE department_id = (SELECT department_id
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 103) AND job_id = (SELECT job_id
FROM employees
Is this a pair-wise or non-pair-wise Subquery?
This is an example of a non-pair-wise subquery. (*)
This is an example of a pair-wise subquery.
Neither. This statement is illegal, and will not run.
Test: Quiz: Single-Row Subqueries
1. In a non-correlated subquery, the outer query always executes prior

to the inner query's execution. True or False?
True
False (*)
2. The result of this statement will be:

SELECT last_name, job_id, salary, department_id
FROM employees
WHERE job_id =
(SELECT job_id
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 141) AND department_id =
(SELECT department_id
FROM departments
WHERE location_id =1500)
All employees from Location 1500 will be displayed
An error since you can?t get data from two tables in the same
subquery
All employees with the department id of 141
Only the employees whose job id matches employee 141 and who work in
location 1500 (*)
3. Subqueries are limited to four per SQL transaction. True or False?
True
False (*)
4. Single row subqueries may not include this operator:
ALL (*)
<>
>
5. If the subquery returns no rows will the outer query return any
values?
No, because you are not allowed to not return any rows from a
subquery
Yes. It will just run and ignore the subquery
No, because the subquery will be treated like a null value. (*)
Yes, Oracle will find the nearest value and rewrite your statement
implicitly when you run it
Test: Quiz: Multiple-Row Subqueries

1. There can be more than one subquery returning information to the
outer query. True or False?
True (*)
False
2. Group functions can be used in subqueries even though they may return
many rows. True or False?
True (*)
False
3. Multiple-row subqueries must have NOT, IN or ANY in the WHERE clause

of the inner query. True or False?
True
False (*)
4. Group functions, such as HAVING and GROUP BY can be used in multiple-

row subqueries. True or False?
True (*)
False
5. The salary column of the f_staffs table contains the following

values:
4000
5050
6000
11000
23000
Which of the following statements will return the last_name and
first_name of those employees who earn more than 5000.
SELECT last_name, first_name

FROM f_staffs
WHERE salary = (SELECT salary FROM f_staffs WHERE salary > 5000);

FROM f_staffs
WHERE salary = (SELECT salary FROM f_staffs WHERE salary < 5000); <p>

FROM f_staffs
WHERE salary IN (SELECT salary FROM f_staffs WHERE salary > 5000);
(*)

FROM f_staffs
WHERE salary IN
(SELECT last_name, first_name FROM f_staffs WHERE salary < 5000);
6. When a multiple-row subquery uses the NOT IN (<>ALL) operator, if one

of the values returned by the inner query is a null value, the entire
query returns:
A list of Nulls
All rows that were selected by the inner query including the null
value(s)
All rows, minus the null value(s), that were selected by the inner
query
No rows returned (*)
7. The SQL multiple-row subquery extends the capability of the single-

row syntax through the use of what three comparison operators?
IN, ANY and EQUAL
IN, ANY and ALL (*)
IN, ANY and EVERY
IN, ALL and EVERY
8. In a subquery the ALL operator compares a value to every value

returned by the inner query. True or False?
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Correlated Subqueries
1. In a correlated subquery the outer and inner query are joined on

one or more columns? (True or False)
True (*)
False
2. The WITH-clause is a way of creating extra tables in the database?

(True or False)
True
False (*)
3. Correlated Subqueries must work on the same tables in both the inner
and outer query? (True or False)
True
False (*)
4. Table aliases must be used when you are writing correlated

subqueries? (True or false)
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Using SET Operators
1. Which ones of the following are SET operators? (choose two)
UNION, MINUS (*)
UNION ALL, PLUS ALL
UNION ALL, INTERSECT (*)
MINUS, PLUS
2. The difference between UNION and UNION ALL is
There is no difference between, you get exactly the same result.
UNION will remove duplicates, UNION ALL returns all rows from all
queries (*)
UNION ALL is like a NATURAL JOIN

UNION is a synomym for UNION ALL
3. MINUS will give you rows from the first query not present in the
second query? (True or False)
True (*)
False
4. INTERSECT will give you rows found in both queries? (True or False)
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Insert Statement
1. DML is an acronym that stands for:
Debit Markup Language
Don't Manipulate Language
Data Markup Language
Data Manipulation Language (*)
. Which of the following statements will add a new customer to the

customers table in the Global Fast Foods database?
INSERT IN customers (id, first_name, last_name, address, city, state,

zip, phone_number);
INSERT INTO customers (id, first_name, last_name, address, city,

state, zip, phone_number)
VALUES ("145", 'Katie', 'Hernandez', '92 Chico Way', 'Los Angeles', 'CA',
"98008", "8586667641");
INSERT INTO customers (id, first_name, last_name, address, city,

state, zip, phone_number)
VALUES (145, 'Katie', 'Hernandez', '92 Chico Way', 'Los Angeles', 'CA',
98008, 8586667641);
(*)
INSERT INTO customers

(id 145, first_name 'Katie', last_name 'Hernandez', address '92 Chico
Way', city 'Los Angeles', state 'CA', zip 98008, phone_number
8586667641);
. To return a table summary on the customers table, which of the

following is ?
SHOW customers, or SEE customers
DISTINCT customers, or DIST customers
DESCRIBE customers, or DESC customers (*)
DEFINE customers, or DEF customers
4. When inserting a new row the null keyword can be included in the
values list for any null column. True or False?
True (*)
False
5. When inserting rows into a table all columns must be given values.
True or False?
True
False (*)
6. Is it possible to insert more than one row at a time using an INSERT

statement with a VALUES clause?
No, you can only create one row at a time when using the VALUES
clause. (*)
Yes, you can just list as many rows as you want, just remember to
separate the rows with commas.
No, there is no such thing as INSERT ... VALUES.
7. Insert statements can be combined with subqueries to create more than

one row per statement. True or False?
True (*)
False
8. If the employees table have 7 rows how many rows are inserted into
the copy_emps table with the following statement:
INSERT INTO copy_emps (employee_id, first_name, last_name, salary,
department_id)
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name, salary, department_id
FROM employees
No rows, as you cannot use subqueries in an insert statement.
7 rows, as there is no WHERE-clause on the subquery. (*)
No rows, as the SELECT statement is invalid.
10 rows will be created.
9. What is the quickest way to use today's date when you are creating a
new row?
Simply write today's date in the format of 'dd-mon-rr'.
Simply use the keyword DATE in the insert statement.
Use the SYSDATE function. (*)
Use the TODAYS_DATE function.
Test: Quiz: Updating Column Values and Deleting Rows
1. To change an existing row in a table, you can use the UPDATE or

INSERT statements. True or False?
True
False (*)
2. Which of the following statements best describes what will happen to

the student table in this SQL statement?
UPDATE students
SET lunch_number =
(SELECT lunch_number
FROM student
WHERE student_id = 17)
WHERE student_id = 19;
The statement updates the student_table by replacing student id 19's

lunch number with student id 17's lunch number. (*)
Inserts a new row into the students table.

Does nothing, the as you cannot use subqueries in update statements.
Deletes student 17's lunch_number and inserts a new value from

student 19.
3. Using your knowledge of the employees table, what would be the result
of the following statement:
DELETE FROM employees;
Nothing, no data will be changed.
All rows in the employees table will be deleted if there are no

constraints on the table. (*)
The first row in the employees table will be deleted.
Deletes employee number 100.
4. Is the following statement valid, i.e. is it allowed to update rows

in one table, based on a subquery from another table?
UPDATE copy_emp
SET department_id = (SELECT department_id
FROM employees
WHERE job_id = (SELECT job_id
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 200);
Yes, this is a perfectly valid statement. (*)
The statement will fail, because the subqueries are returning data
from different rows
No, this will not work
No, this statement will return an error.
5. Assuming there are no Foreign Keys on the EMPLOYEES table, if the

following subquery returns one row, how many rows will be deleted from
the EMPLOYEES table?
DELETE FROM employees
WHERE department_id =
FROM departments
WHERE department_name LIKE '%Public%');
No rows will be deleted.
One row will be deleted, as the subquery only returns one row.
All the rows in the EMPLOYEES table with department_ids matching the
department_id returned by the subquery. (*)
All rows in the EMPLOYEES table will be deleted, regardless of their

department_id.
6. How many rows will be deleted from the employees table with the
following statement?
WHERE last_name = 'king';
All the rows in the employees table will be deleted.
No rows will be deleted, as no employees match the WHERE-clause. (*)
One will be deleted, as there exists one employee called King.
All rows with last_name = 'King' will be deleted.
7. If the subquery returns one row, how many rows will be deleted from
the employees table?
WHERE department_id =
FROM departments
WHERE department_name LIKE '%Public%');
No rows will be deleted.
One row will be deleted, as the subquery only returns one row.
All rows in the employees table which work in the given department
will be deleted. (*)
All rows in the employees table will be deleted, no matter their

department_id.
8. If you are performing an UPDATE statement with a subquery, it MUST be

a correlated subquery? (True or False)
True
False (*)
9. DELETE statements can use correlated subqueries? (True or False)
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Default Values, Merge, and Multi-Table Inserts

1. Which statement below will not insert a row of data onto a table?
INSERT INTO student_table (id, lname, fname, lunch_num)

VALUES (143354, 'Roberts', 'Cameron', 6543);
INSERT INTO student_table

VALUES (143354, 'Roberts', 'Cameron', 6543);
INSERT INTO student_table (id, lname, fname, lunch_num)

VALUES (143352, 'Roberts', 'Cameron', DEFAULT);
INSERT INTO (id, lname, fname, lunch_num)

VALUES (143354, 'Roberts', 'Cameron', 6543); (*)
2. The MERGE function combines the:
CREATE and UPDATE commands
INSERT and UPDATE commands (*)
ALTER and UPDATE commands
all of the above
3. In developing the Employees table, you create a column called

hire_date. You assign the hire_date column a DATE datatype with a DEFAULT
value of 0 (zero). A user can come back later and enter the
hire_date. This is __________.
A great idea. When a new employee record is entered, if no hire_date

is specified, the 0 (zero) will be automatically specified.
A great idea. When new employee records are entered, they can be
added faster by allowing the 0's (zeroes) to be automatically specified.
Both a and b are .
A bad idea. The default value must match the DATE datatype of the
column. (*)
4. If a default value was set for a null column, Oracle sets the column
to the default value. However, if no default value was set when the
column was created, Oracle inserts an empty space. True or False?
True
False (*)
5. The MERGE statement can be used to update rows in one table based on
values in another table and if the update fails, then the rows will
automatically be inserted instead. True or False?
True (*)
False
6. The DEFAULT keyword can be used in the following statements:
INSERT and UPDATE (*)
INSERT and DELETE
DELETE and UPDATE
All of the above
7. A multi-table insert statement must have a subquery at the end of the

statement? (True or False)
True (*)
False
8. A multi-table insert statement can insert into more than one table?
(True or False)
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Creating Tables

indicates a correct
1. I have a table named School_Friends in my schema. You

want to build a table in your schema named School_Friends. This is
______________, because ____________________________________. Mark
for Review
possible; my schema is separate from yours, and it is okay for us

to have like-named tables in our separate schemas. (*)
possible; our data will merge into one table, and we can more
easily access our mutual friends information.
impossible; no matter what, there can never be two tables with the
same name, even if they are in separate schemas.
impossible; School_Friends is a reserved term in SQL.
2. DCL, which is the acronym for Data Control Language, allows: Mark
for Review
the ALTER command to be used.
a Database Administrator the ability to grant privileges to users.

(*)
the TRUNCATE command to be used.
the CONTROL TRANSACTION statement can be used.
3. It is possible to create a table by using the CREATE TABLE command

in conjunction with a subquery. True or False? Mark for Review
True (*)
False
4. CREATE TABLE bioclass
(hire_date DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,
first_name varchar2(15),
last_name varchar2(15));
The above CREATE TABLE statement is acceptable, and will create a Table
named bioclass that contains a hire_date, first_name and last_name
column. True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
5. When creating a new table, which of the following naming rules
apply: (Choose three) Mark for Review
(Choose all correct answers)
Must begin with a letter (*)
Can have the same name as another object owned by the same user
Must contain ONLY A - Z, a - z, 0 - 9, _ (underscore), $, and # (*)
Must be an Oracle reserved word
Must be between 1 and 30 characters long (*)
6. CREATE TABLE student_table

(id NUMBER(6),
lname VARCHAR(20),
fname VARCHAR(20),
lunch_num NUMBER(4));
Which of the following statements best describes the above SQL statement:
Mark for Review
creates a table named student_table with four columns: lname,

fname, lunch, num
creates a table named student with four columns: id, lname, fname,
lunch_num
creates a table named student_table with four columns: id, lname,

fname, lunch_num (*)
creates a table named student_table with four columns: lname,

fname, lunch, num
7. Given this employee table:
(employee_id NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,

first_name VARCHAR2(25) NOT NULL,
last_name VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,
hire_date DATE DEFAULT sysdate)
What will be the result in the hire_date column following this insert
statement:
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (10, 'Natacha', 'Hansen', DEFAULT);
Mark for Review
Statement will fail, as you must list the columns into which you
are inserting.
Statement will work and the hire_date column will have the value of
the date when the statement was run. (*)
The character string SYSDATE.
The column for hire_date will be null.
8. Examine this CREATE TABLE statement:
CREATE TABLE emp_load

(employee_number CHAR(5),
employee_dob CHAR(20),
employee_last_name CHAR(20),
employee_first_name CHAR(15),
employee_middle_name CHAR(15),
employee_hire_date DATE)
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL
(TYPE ORACLE_LOADER
DEFAULT DIRECTORY def_dir1
ACCESS PARAMETERS
(RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE
FIELDS (employee_number CHAR(2),
employee_dob CHAR(20),
employee_last_name CHAR(18),
employee_first_name CHAR(11),
employee_middle_name CHAR(11),
employee_hire_date CHAR(10) date_format DATE mask "mm/dd/yyyy“))
LOCATION ('info.dat'));
What kind of table is created here?

Mark for Review
An external table with the data stored in a file outside the

database. (*)
A View.
An external table with the data stored in a file inside the

database.
None. This is in invalid statement.

9. Once they are created, external tables are accessed with normal SQL
statements? (True or False) Mark for Review
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Using Data Types

indicates a correct
1. INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND stores a period of time in terms

of days, hours, minutes, and seconds. True or False? Mark for Review
True (*)
False
2. To store large amounts of text you should simply create a series of

VARCHAR2 columns in a table. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
3. The BLOB datatype can hold a maximum of 128 Terabytes of data. True
or False? Mark for Review
True (*)
False
4. Which of the following are valid Oracle datatypes? Mark for

Review
DATE, BLOB, LOB, VARCHAR2
DATE, TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIMEZONE, BLOB (*)
TIMESTAMP, LOB, VARCHAR2, NUMBER

SYSDATE, TIMESTAMP, DATE, LOCAL TIMEZONE
Test: Quiz: Modifying a Table

indicates a correct
1. When you use ALTER TABLE to add a column, the new

column: Mark for Review
Becomes the first column in the table
Becomes the last column in the table (*)
Can be placed by adding a GROUP BY clause
Will not be created because you cannot add a column after the table
is created
2. To completely get rid of a table, its contents, its structure, AND

release the storage space the keyword is: Mark for Review
DROP (*)
DELETE
TRUNCATE
KILL
3. Comments can be added to a table by using the COMMENT ON TABLE

statement. The comments being added are enclosed in: Mark for Review
Double quotes " "
Single quotes ' ' (*)
Parentheses ( )
Brackets { }
4. A column?s data type can always be changed from NUMBER to VARCHAR2
but not from VARCHAR2 to NUMBER, provided the table is empty. True or
True
False (*)
5. You can use DROP COLUMN to drop all columns in a table, leaving a
table structure with no columns. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
6. After issuing a SET UNUSED command on a column, another column with
the same name can be added using an ALTER TABLE statement. True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
7. When should you use the SET UNUSED command? Mark for Review
Never, there is no SET UNUSED command
You should use it if you think the column may be needed again later
You should use it when the system is being heavily used (*)
You should only use this command if you want the column to still be
visible when you DESCRIBE the table
8. The following code creates a table named student_table with four

columns: id, lname, fname, lunch_num
CREATE TABLE student_table

(id NUMBER(6),
lname VARCHAR(20),
fname VARCHAR(20),
lunch_num NUMBER(4));
The lunch_num column in the above table has been marked as UNUSED. Which
of the following is the best statement you can use if you wish to remove
the UNUSED column from the student_table?
Mark for Review
DROP column
ALTER TABLE DELETE UNUSED COLUMNS
ALTER TABLE DROP UNUSED COLUMNS (*)
ALTER TABLE DELETE ALL COLUMNS
9. You can use the ALTER TABLE statement to: Mark for Review
Add a new column
Modify an existing column
Drop a column
10. Which of the following will correctly change the name of the
LOCATIONS table to NEW_LOCATIONS? Mark for Review
ALTER TABLE LOCATIONS RENAME NEW_LOCATIONS
MODIFY TABLE LOCATIONS RENAME NEW_LOCATIONS
RENAME LOCATIONS TO NEW_LOCATIONS (*)
None of the above; you cannot rename a table, you can only CREATE,
ALTER and DROP a table.
11. The data type of a column can never be changed once it has been
created. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
12. ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME can be used to: Mark for Review
Rename a row.
Rename a column.
Rename a table. (*)
All of the above.
13. The FLASHBACK QUERY statement can restore data back to a point in
time before the last COMMIT. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
14.
The FLASHBACK TABLE to BEFORE DROP can restore only the table structure,
but not its data back to before the table was dropped. True or False?
Mark for Review
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Defining Not Null and Unique Constraints

Answer the question(s) on this page, and click Next to go to the next
test page. Click Summary to see which questions you need to answer before
submitting the test. Click Finish Test if you are ready to submit your
test.
1. A unique key constraint can only be defined on a not null column.

True
False (*)
2. A table can have more than one UNIQUE key constraint. True or
True (*)
False
3. A column defined as NOT NULL can have a DEFAULT value of NULL. True
True
False (*)
4. If the employees table has a UNIQUE constraint on the DEPARTMENT_ID

column, we can only have one employee per department. True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
5. A table must have at least one not null constraint and one unique
constraint. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
6. Which of the following is not a valid Oracle constraint type?

Mark for Review
UNIQUE KEY
NOT NULL
EXTERNAL KEY (*)
PRIMARY KEY
Test: Quiz: Creating Views
indicates a correct
1. Views contain no data of their own. True or False?

Mark for Review
True (*)
False
2. What is one advantage of using views? Mark for Review
To provide data dependence
To be able to store the same data in more than one place
To provide restricted data access (*)

3. Any select statement can be stored in the database as a view. True
or False Mark for Review
True (*)
False
4. Given the following CREATE VIEW statement, what data will be
returned?
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW emp_dept

AS SELECT SUBSTR(e.first_name,1,1) ||' '||e.last_name emp_name,
e.salary,
e.hire_date,
d.department_name
WHERE e.department_id = d.department_id
AND d.department_id >=50;
Mark for Review

First character from employee first_name concatenated to the
last_name, the salary, the hire_date and department_id of all employees
working in department number 50 or higher.

working in department number 50.

last_name, the salary, the hire_date and department_name of all employees

working in department number 50 or higher. (*)
5. A view can contain group functions. True or False? Mark for

Review
True (*)
False
6. A view can contain a select statement with a subquery. True or

True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Primary Key, Foreign Key, and Check Constraints

indicates a correct
1. The main reason that constraints are added to a table

is: Mark for Review
Constraints add a level of complexity
Constraints ensure data integrity (*)
Constraints gives programmers job security

None of the Above
2. A Primary Key that is made up of more than one column is called a:

Mark for Review
Multiple Primary Key
Composite Primary Key (*)
Double Key
Primary Multi-Key
None of the Above
3. Foreign Key Constraints are also known as: Mark for Review
Parental Key Constraints
Child Key Constraints
Referential Integrity Constraints (*)
Multi-Table Constraints
4. The table that contains the Primary Key in a Foreign Key Constraint
is known as: Mark for Review
Child Table
Parent Table (*)
Detail Table
Mother and Father Table
5. To automatically delete rows in a child table when a parent record

is deleted use: Mark for Review
ON DELETE SET NULL
ON DELETE ORPHAN
ON DELETE CASCADE (*)
None of the Above
6. The number of check constraints that can be defined on a column is:

Mark for Review
10
100
There is no limit (*)
7. An example of adding a check constraint to limit the salary that an

employee can earn is: Mark for Review
ALTER TABLE employees ADD CONSTRAINT emp_salary_ck SALARY < 100000
ALTER TABLE employees CONSTRAINT emp_salary_ck CHECK(salary <

100000)
MODIFY TABLE employees ADD CONSTRAINT emp_salary_ck CHECK(salary <

100000
ALTER TABLE employees ADD CONSTRAINT emp_salary_ck CHECK (salary <

100000) (*)
8. If a Primary Key is made up of more than one column, one of the

columns can be null. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
9. The employees table contains a foreign key column department_id
that references the id column in the departments table. Which of the
following constraint modifiers will NOT allow the deletion of id values
in the department table? Mark for Review
ON DELETE CASCADE
ON DELETE SET NULL
Neither A nor B (*)
Both A and B
10. Which of the following pieces of code will NOT successfully create
a foreign key in the CDS table that references the SONGS table Mark
for Review
CONSTRAINT d_cd_ song_id_fk FOREIGN KEY (song_id)REFERENCES

d_songs(id)
CONSTRAINT k_cd_songid_fk FOREIGN KEY (song_id)REFERENCES

d_songs(id)
song_id NUMBER(5) CONSTRAINT d_cd_ song_id_fk REFERENCES

d_songs(id)
None of the above (*)
11. A composite primary key may only be defined at the table level.
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: Managing Constraints

indicates a correct
1. Once constraints have been created on a table you will

have to live with them as they are unless you drop and re-create the
table. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
2. The command to 'switch off' a constraint is: Mark for Review
ALTER TABLE STOP CHECKING
ALTER TABLE STOP CONSTRAINTS
ALTER TABLE DISABLE CONSTRAINT (*)
ALTER TABLE PAUSE CONSTRAINT
3. All of a user's constraints can be viewed in the Oracle Data

Dictionary view called: Mark for Review
USER_TABLES
USER_CONSTRAINTS (*)
CONSTRAINTS
TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
4. You can drop a column in a table with a simple ALTER TABLE DROP
COLUMN statement, even if the column is referenced in a constraint. True
True
False (*)
5. What mechamisn does Oracle use in the background to enforce

uniqueness in Primary and Unique key constraints? Mark for Review
Ordered Lists
Internal Pointers
Nothing extra is created when Primary Keys and Unique Keys are
created
Unique indexes are created in the background by Oracle when Primary

and Unique constraints are created or enabled (*)
Test: Quiz: Creating Views

indicates a correct
1. Views contain no data of their own. True or False?

Mark for Review
True (*)
False
2. What is one advantage of using views? Mark for Review
To provide data dependence
To be able to store the same data in more than one place
To provide restricted data access (*)
3. Any select statement can be stored in the database as a view. True

or False Mark for Review
True (*)
False
4. Given the following CREATE VIEW statement, what data will be

returned?

e.salary,
e.hire_date,
d.department_name
Mark for Review

working in department number 50 or higher.



working in department number 50 or higher. (*)
5. A view can contain group functions. True or False? Mark for

Review
True (*)
False
6. A view can contain a select statement with a subquery. True or
True (*)
False
Test: Quiz: DML Operations and Views

indicates a correct
1. Which of the following DML operations is not allowed

when using a Simple View created with read only? Mark for Review
INSERT
UPDATE
DELETE
2. Examine the view below and choose the operation that CANNOT be
performed on it.
CREATE VIEW dj_view (last_name, number_events) AS

SELECT c.last_name, COUNT(e.name)
FROM d_clients c, d_events e
WHERE c.client_number = e.client_number
GROUP BY c.last_name
Mark for Review
CREATE OR REPLACE dj_view (last_name, number_events) AS

SELECT c.last_name, COUNT(e.name)
FROM d_clients c, d_events e
WHERE c.client_number = e.client_number
GROUP BY c.last_name;
INSERT INTO dj_view VALUES ('Turner', 8); (*)
SELECT last_name, number_events FROM dj_view;
DROP VIEW dj_view;

3. If a database administrator wants to ensure that changes performed
through a view do not violate existing constraints, which clause should
he/she include when creating the view? Mark for Review
WITH READ ONLY
FORCE
WITH CONSTRAINT CHECK
WITH CHECK OPTION (*)
4. Given the following view what operations would be allowed on the

emp_dept view:

e.salary,
e.hire_date,
d.department_name
Mark for Review
SELECT, DELETE
SELECT, UPDATE of all columns
SELECT, UPDATE of some columns, DELETE (*)
SELECT, INSERT
5. Using the pseudocolumn ROWNUM in a view has no implications on the

ability to do DML's through the view. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
6. There is only one kind view? True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
Test: Quiz: Managing Views
indicates a correct
1. A Top-N Analysis is capable of ranking a top or bottom

set of results. True or False? Mark for Review
True (*)
False
2. Which of these is not a valid type of View? Mark for Review
INLINE
ONLINE (*)
SIMPLE
COMPLEX
3. Which of these Keywords is typically used with a Top-N Analysis?
Mark for Review
Rowid
Rownum (*)
Sequence
Number
4. Which of the following is true about ROWNUM? Mark for Review
It is the number assigned to each row returned from a query after

they are ordered.
It is the number assigned to each row returned from a query as they

are read from disk. (*)
It is the number of rows in a table.
None of the above

5. How do you remove a view? Mark for Review
DELETE VIEW view_name
REMOVE VIEW view_name
DROP VIEW view_name (*)
You cannot remove a view

6. When you drop a table referenced by a view, the view is
automatically dropped as well. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
7. When you drop a view, the data it contains is also deleted. True or
True
False (*)
Sectiunea 11
Test: Quiz: In Class Interview
indicates a correct
1. When you know you are good at answering questions in interviews,

there is no need to worry about your appearance or "first impressions."
True
False (*)
2. Which answer would be the best in response to an interviewer's

question: "Do you have any children"? Mark for Review
Yes, I have 5 children and I am a single parent.
I am not required to answer that question.
I know your concern about my abilities to be able to be on the job

everyday, but I assure you, I took this into account when I applied for
the job. (*)
It's none of your business.
3. Since you are not planning to get a job until after completing
college/university, you don't need to learn interview skills at this
point? True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
4. When applying for a job at a discount department store, wearing
casual clothing would demonstrate an applicant's appropriateness for a
position as a check out clerk. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
5. In a behavioral interview, candidates are asked about: Mark for

Review
Accomplishments, college, etc.
Past Performance. (*)
Personality traits.
How much money they would like to earn.
6. In a traditional interview, candidates are asked about: Mark for

Review
Accomplishments, college, etc. (*)
Job history.
Personality traits.
How much money they would like to earn.
Test: Quiz: Sequences

indicates a correct
1. A sequence is a database object. True or False? Mark

for Review
True (*)
False
2. NEXTVAL and CURRVAL are known as column aliases. True or False?
Mark for Review
True
False (*)
3. Which keyword is used to modify a sequence? Mark for Review
Change.
Update.
Alter. (*)
Create.
4. Which keyword is used to remove a sequence? Mark for Review
Drop. (*)
Delete.
Remove.
Revoke.
5. Which is the correct syntax for specifying a maximum value in a

sequence? Mark for Review
Maxval.
Max_value.
Maximumvalue.
Maxvalue. (*)
6. CURRVAL is a pseudocolumn used to extract successive sequence

numbers from a specified sequence. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
7. CURRVAL is a pseudocolumn used to refer to a sequence number that

the current user has just generated by referencing NEXTVAL. True or
True (*)
False
8. When you alter a sequence, a new increased MAXVALUE can

be entered without changing the existing number order. True or False?
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
9. A sequence is a window through which data can be queried or

changed. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
10. Why do gaps in sequences occur? Mark for Review
A rollback is executed.
The system crashes.
The sequence is used in another table.
All of the above. (*)
11. Examine the code for creating this sequence:

CREATE SEQUENCE track_id_seq
INCREMENT BY 10
START WITH 1000 MAXVALUE 10000
What are the first three values that would be generated by the sequence?
Mark for Review
100010011002.
1000, 1010, 1020. (*)
1100, 1200, 1300.
0, 1, 2.
12. In order to be able to generate primary key values that are not
likely to contain gaps, which phrase should be included in the sequence
creation statement? Mark for Review
NOCACHE. (*)
CACHE.
MAXVALUE.
Test: Quiz: Indexes and Synonyms

indicates a correct
1. In SQL what is a synonym? Mark for Review
A table with the same number of columns as another table.
A table with the same name as another view.
A different name for a table, view or other database object. (*)
A table with that must be qualified with a username.

2. You must use a synonym to access another users table. True or
True
False (*)
3. Which of the following SQL statments shows a correct syntax example

of creating a synonym accessible to all users of a database? Mark for
Review
CREATE SYNONYM emp FOR EMPLOYEES
CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM emp FOR EMPLOYEES (*)
CREATE UNRESTRICTED SYNONYM emp FOR EMPLOYEES
CREATE SHARED SYNONYM emp FOR EMPLOYEES
4. All tables must have indexes on them otherwise they cannot be

queried. True or False? Mark for Review
True
False (*)
5. What kind of INDEX is created by Oracle when you create a primary

key? Mark for Review
UNIQUE INDEX. (*)
NONUNIQUE INDEX.
INDEX.
Oracle cannot create indexes automatically.
6. It is possible to have an indexed column in a table where a value

in the table column does not exist in the index. True or False? Mark
for Review
True
False (*)
7. Which of the following statements best describes indexes and their

use? Mark for Review
They are just random copies of data in no particular order.
They contain the column value and pointers to the data in the
table, but the data is sorted. (*)
They contain all the rows and columns from the table.
None of the above.
8. Indexes can be used to speed up queries. True or False? Mark for

Review
True (*)
False
Sectiunea 12
Test: Quiz: Controlling User Access
indicates a correct
1. Which of the following is not a database object? Mark for Review
View
Subquery (*)
Table
Sequence
2. Which of these is not a System Privilege granted by the DBA? Mark

for Review
Create Sequence
Create Index (*)
Create Procedure
Create Session
3. Which Object Privilege apart from Alter can be granted to a

Sequence? Mark for Review
SELECT (*)
UPDATE
INSERT
DELETE
4. A Schema is a collection of Objects such as Tables, Views and

Sequences. True or False? Mark for Review
True (*)
False
5. By Controlling User Access with Oracle Database Security you can

give access to specific Objects in the Database. True or False? Mark
for Review
True (*)
False
6. The following table shows some of the output from one of the data
dictionary views. Which view is being queried?
USERNAME PRIVILEGE ADMIN_OPTION

USCA_ORACLE_SQL01_S08 CREATE VIEW NO
USCA_ORACLE_SQL01_S08 CREATE TABLE NO
USCA_ORACLE_SQL01_S08 CREATE SYNONYM NO
USCA_ORACLE_SQL01_S08 CREATE TRIGGER NO
USCA_ORACLE_SQL01_S08 CREATE SEQUENCE NO
USCA_ORACLE_SQL01_S08 CREATE DATABASE NO
Mark for Review
user_sys_privs (lists system privileges granted to the user) (*)
user_tab_privs_recd (lists object privileges granted to the user)
role_tab_privs (lists table privileges granted to roles)
role_sys_privs (lists system privileges granted to roles)
7. Object privileges are: Mark for Review
Required to gain access to the database.
Required to manipulate the content of objects in the database. (*)
Named groups of related privileges given to a user.
A collection of objects, such as tables, views, and sequences.
8. A schema is: Mark for Review
Required to manipulate the content of objects in the database.
A named group of related privileges given to a user.
A collection of objects, such as tables, views, and sequences. (*)
9. System privileges are: Mark for Review
Required to gain access to the database. (*)
Named groups of related privileges given to a user.

10. What system privilege must be held in order to login to an Oracle

database? Mark for Review
CREATE LOGIN
CREATE SESSION (*)
CREATE LOGON
No special privilege is needed, if your username exists in the

database, you can login.
11. Which of the following Object Privileges can be granted on an

individual column on a table? (Choose two) Mark for Review
Update (*)
References (*)
Insert
Delete
Test: Quiz: Creating and Revoking Object Privileges

indicates a correct
1. What Oracle feature simplifies the process of granting

and revoking privileges? Mark for Review
Role (*)
Object
Data dictionary
Schema
2. Scott King owns a table called employees. He issues the following
statement:
GRANT select ON employees TO PUBLIC;
Allison Plumb has been granted CREATE SESSION by the DBA. She logs into
the database and issues the following statement: GRANT select ON
scott_king.employees TO jennifer_cho;
True or False: Allison's statement will fail.
Mark for Review
True (*)
False
3. User1 owns a table and grants select on it WITH GRANT OPTION to

User2. User2 then grants select on the same table to User3. If User1
revokes select privileges from User2, will User3 be able to access the
table? Mark for Review
Yes
No (*)
4. Which of the following statements about granting object privileges

is false? Mark for Review
To grant privileges on an object, the object must be in your own

schema, or you must have been granted the object privileges WITH GRANT
OPTION.
An object owner can grant any object privilege on the object to any
other user or role of the database.
The owner of an object automatically acquires all object privileges

on that object.
Object privileges can only be granted through roles. (*)
5. If you are granted privileges to your friend's object, by default

you may also grant access to this same object to other users. True or
True
False (*)
6. Roles are: Mark for Review
Named groups of related privileges given to a user or another role.

(*)
7. A role can be granted to another role. True or False? Mark for

Review
True (*)
False
8. To take away a privilege from a user you use which command? Mark
for Review
DELETE
REMOVE
REVOKE (*)
ALTER
9. When a user is logged into one database, they are restricted to

working with objects found in that database. True or False? Mark for
Review
True
False (*)
10. Database Links are always accessible to all users of a database?
True
False (*)
11. Which of the following statements is true? Mark for Review
Database Links allow users to work on remote database objects

without having to log into the other database. (*)
Database Links are pointers to another schema in the same database.
Database Links are never used in the real world.
Database Links can be created by any user of a database. You do not

need any special privileges to create them.
Test: Quiz: Regular Expressions

indicates a correct
1. REGULAR EXPRESSIONS does exactly the same as LIKE. No more and no

less? (True or False) Mark for Review
True
False (*)
2. REGULAR EXPRESSIONS can be used on CHAR, CLOB and VARCHAR2

datatypes? (True or False) Mark for Review
True (*)
False
3. Select the correct REGULAR EXPRESSION functions: (Choose two)

Mark for Review
REGEXP_LIKE, REGEXP_NEAR
REGEXP_LIKE, REGEXP_REPLACE (*)

REGEXP_REPLACE, REGEXP_REFORM
REGEXP_INSTR, REGEXP_SUBSTR (*)
4. REGULAR EXPRESSIONS can be used as a part of contraint definitions?

(True or False) Mark for Review
True (*)
False
Sectiunea 14
Test: Quiz: Database Transactions
indicates a correct answer.
Section 1
1. You need not worry about controlling your transactions.

Oracle does it all for you. True or False? Mark for Review
(1) Points
True
False (*)
2. As soon as UserA has entered data into a table UserB has privileges
to see, UserB can see that data. True or False? Mark for Review
(1) Points
True
False (*)
3. When you log out of Oracle, your data changes are automatically
rolled back. True or False? Mark for Review
(1) Points
True
False (*)
4. If Oracle crashes your changes are automatically rolled back. True

(1) Points
True (*)
False
5. Examine the following statements:
INSERT INTO emps

SELECT * FROM employees;
-- 107 rows inserted.
SAVEPOINT Ins_Done;
DELETE employees;
-- 107 rows deleted
SAVEPOINT Del_Done;
UPDATE emps SET last_name = 'Smith';
How would you undo the last Update only?
Mark for Review

(1) Points
Rollback update;
Rollback to savepoint Del_Done; (*)
There is nothing you can do.
Commit until Del_Done;
6. Examine the following Statement:
INSERT INTO emps SELECT * FROM employees; -- 107 rows inserted.

SAVEPOINT Ins_Done;
CREATE INDEX emp_lname_idx ON employees(last_name);
UPDATE emps SET last_name = 'Smith';
What happens if you issue a Rollback statement?
Mark for Review

(1) Points
The update of last_name is undone, but the insert was committed by

the CREATE INDEX statement. (*)
Both the UPDATE and the INSERT will be rolled back.
The INSERT is undone but the UPDATE is committed
Nothing happens.
7. COMMIT saves all outstanding data changes? True or False? Mark
for Review
(1) Points
True (*)
False

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Test: Quiz: Second Normal Form

1. What is the rule of Second Normal Form?

Some non-UID attributes can be dependent on the entire UID

No non-UID attributes can be dependent on any part of the UID

None of the Above

TEACHER NAME AND ADDRESS (*)

3. All instances of the subtypes must be an instance of the supertype.

4. Not all instances of the supertype are instances of one of the

5. A supertype should have at least two subtypes.

6. An entity can be on 2nd Normal Form even if it has repeated values.

Test: Quiz: Third Normal Form

1. No databases in the world is ever truly on 3rd Normal Form.

2. Examine the following Entity and decide which sets of attributes

(Choose all answers)

TRAIN ID, MAKE

DEPARTURE STATION, DRIVER NAME (*)

NUMBER OF CARRIAGES, NUMBER OF SEATS (*)

MODEL, DATE OF MANUFACTURE

3. As a database designer it is your job to store data in only one

Test: Quiz: Arcs

1. To visually represent exclusivity between two or more relationships

2. Which of the following would best be represented by an arc?

STUDENT (senior, junior)

STUDENT (graduating, non-graduating)

STUDENT (will-attend-university, will-not-attend-university)

STUDENT ( University, Trade School) (*)

3. This diagram could also be expressed as a supertype/subtype

4. All parts of a UID are mandatory. True or False?

5. Which of the following can be added to a relationship?

an optional attribute can be created

6. Secondary UID's are

not permitted in data modeling

mandatory in data modeling

useful as an alternative means identifying instances of an entity (*)

always comprised of numbers

7. If the entity CD has the attributes: #number, *title, *producer,

8. Which of the following is the definition for Third Normal Form?

All attributes are single valued

An attribute must be dependent upon entity's entire unique identifier

No non-UID attribute can be dependent on another non-UID attribute

All attributes are uniquely doubled and independent

Test: Quiz: Hierarchies and Recursive Relationships

1. A relationship can be both recursive and hierachal at the same

2. A recursive rationship should not be part of a UID. True or False?

3. Which of the following would be a good Unique Identifier for its

(Choose all answers)

Identification Number for Person (*)

Order date for Order

Vehicle Type Number for Car

4. In this simple diagram, what comprises the unique identifier for

student id and class id

student id, class id and course id

student id and course id (*)

Test: Quiz: Modeling Historical Data

1. Historical data should always be kept. True or False?

2. Modeling historical data can produce a unique identifier that

3. Audit trail attributes cannot be placed in the entities they are

4. Which of the following scenarios should be modeled so that

(Choose all answers)

LIBRARY and BOOK (*)

STUDENT and AGE

STUDENT and GRADE (*)

7. If the entity CD has the attributes: #number, title, producer,