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1 2mts Define the term Criterion reference evaluation: Explaining Listening and Roller What do you
criterion reference Taking notes board mean by
When the evaluation is concerned
and norm reference criterion?
evaluation with the performance of the individual in terms
of what he can do or the behaviour he can
demonstrate is termed as criterion referenced
evaluation
Neeaja
Text book on nursing education
Norm reference evaluation:
Norm reference evaluation is the
traditional class based assignment of numerals
to the attribute being measured. It means that
the measurement act relates to some norm
group or a typical performance.

-Neeraja
Textbook of nursing education
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2 3mts State the common Characterstics of criterion and norm Explaining Listening and chart What is
characterstics of referencing: and asking taking notes domain?
criterion and norm  Require a relevant and representative questions
referencing
sample of test items
 Require specification of the
achievement domain to be measured.
 Use the same type of test items
 Use the same rules for item writing
 Judged by same qualities (validity and
reliability)
 Useful in educational measurement
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3 2 mts Describe the uses Uses of criterion referencing test: Explaining Listening and Flannel What is
of criterion and and asking taking notes graph achievement?
norm referencing questions
A criterion referencing test is used
to ascertain an individuals status with respect
to a defined achievement of domain

Norm referencing test:

A norm referencing test is used to
ascertain an individual’s status with respect to
the performance of other individual’s on that
test.
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4 15mt List out the steps in Steps in construction of criterion Explaining Listening and powerpoin What do you
s construction of referenced test: and asking taking notes t mean by
criterion questions delination?
referenced test and
a.Identification os subject area
developing norms

b.Selection of unit topic

c.Delination&description of domain testing

d.Specification of domain testing

e.External review of step c &d

f.Internal review

g. Construction of test form (a) and (b)

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4 15mts Continued.., Explaining Listening and Powerpoint What is
and asking taking notes reliability?
questions
h.Internal review of step (g)

i.External review of the tests

j.Field trial of the test

k.Internal review

l.final form of the tests

m.Using the test in classroom

n.Finding validity and reliability of the test

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4 15mts Continued .., Keeping in view the basic tenets of criterion Explaining Listening and Power How to select
and clarifying taking notes point unit?
referenced tests, the following steps can be
doubts
suggested:
a.Identification of subject area:
The first step in the development of
criterion referenced tests is the decision about
the subject matter area to be worked out. For
example one may takeup anatomy and
physiology ,microbiology, English, and
medical surgical nursing etc.

b. Selection of unit topic:

After the decision taken about the
area ,the next step is to select the unit on which
the test is to be developed . this unit may have
more than one modules/sections/domains
which comprise the total unit.
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4 15mt Continued.., c.Delination and description of domain of Explaining Listening and powerpoin what do you
s and taking notes t mean by
testing :
discussing descriptionof
since domain refers to the particular domain ?
segment of the content one may examine the
topic and delinate it into various segments
which can be developed into well defined
separate sub domains. Each subdomains can
then be analyzed in terms of facts
,concepts,principles,processes etc. that may
be arranged in order of their increasing
complexity.Description of subdomain is very
important as it provides the basis for item
writing.it should reflect clearly the nature
and scope of the content specify insequencial
hierarchial or development order.
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4 15mts Continued .., d.Specification of domain objective: Explaining Listening and Power What is
and clarifying taking notes point external
Having decided about content
doubts review?
elements of a domain selected ,the next task is
to formulate the instructional objectives on
expected learning outcomes which maybe
categorized in terms of
knowledge,understanding
,application,skills,attitudes,etc.

e. External review of steps (c) and (d):

The tasks identified insteps c and d
should be reviewed by those who are not
involved in identifying the domain and its
descriptions in terms of content elements and
the specific objectives.the main purpose of this
review sharpen the domain objective.
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4 15 Continued .., f. Internal review: Explaining Listening and Power What is internal
mts after step (e) the internal reviewer i.e the and asking taking notes Point review?
questions
constructor himself/herself will examine all
specific objectives along with one or more
sample items which accompany each specific
objectives.
g.Construction of test form A and B
It is desirable to develop two forms of
the test ,A and B so that one of the two could
be used after post instructional remedial
measures.moreover ,it would be easier to
compute reliability on the two forms.

h.Internal review of step (g)

the purpose of the review is to see
whether all questions in the tests are congruent
with the specific objectives ,besides,having a
cursory check for any glaring deficiency
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4 15mts Continued .., in the test. Eg placement of key ,arrangement Explaining Listening and Power What do you
and asking taking notes point mean by trail?
of items ,sufficiencyof instructions,etc
questions
i.External review of the test:
prior to the field trial the test may be
re-examined by the practicing teachers. The
main purpose is to detect content flaws ,if any
and check for congruence of itemd with the
domain description.

j.Field trail of the test :

At this stage other test may be tried out
on a limited number of students,say 5-10 to get
a fix on the element in the instruction which
might be proved drastically wrong.this is
possible only if the member who is conversant
with the development of the test.
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4 15mts Continued. ., k.Internal review Explaining Listening and powerpoint What is
the purpose of this review is to certify and asking taking notes validity?
questions
the final format of the test and pass it for
print or use .
l.Final form of the tests:
now the final form of the test is ready
for use and may be administered depending
upon the size of the group to which test is to
be given.

m.Using the test in the classroom:

Test copies can now be used in the
classroom.of the test:
n.Finding validity and reliability
we may find out the reliability and
validity of the test using various techniques.
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4 15mts Continued.., Steps in developing norm referencing: Explaining Listening and powerpoint What is target
and asking taking notes population?
questions
Defining the target population

Selecting the sample

Standardizing the conditions

Developing norms is a task to be

developed very carefully. There are number
of steps involved in developing norms.
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4 15 Continued .., Defining the target population: Explaining Listening and Power Expand
mts and taking taking notes point TOFEL?
notes
While developing the norms defining
the target population is the first step. The test is
planned to be used for a particular group of
persons
For example use of TOFEL test of English as
foreign language is intended for the group of
students who have native language other than
English and they wish to study abroad where
the medium of instruction is English .
Selecting the sample:
After having decided the target
population, next step is to select representative
sample from target population .
Generally a large cross sectional sample
using a random sample technique.
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4 15 Continued.., Standardizing the conditions: Explaining Listening and powerpoint What is
mts and asking taking notes standard?
Next step is the standardization of the
questions
conditions in which test is to be
administered. Factors like adequate sound
control ,lighting ,ventilation, temperature of
the working place etc.., are taken care of
.without standardized conditions the test
cannot serve as a useful comparative devices
S.NO TIME CONTRIBUTORY CONTENT STUDENT’S LEARNER’S AV EVALUATION
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5 10mts Differentiate Differentiate between the CRT&NRT Explaining Listening and Hand How will you
between DIMENSION CRT NRT and asking taking notes out measure CRT?
CRT&NRT Criterion Norm questions
Definition reference referenced
test measure tests measure
the the
performance performance
of test takers of one group
against the of test takers
criteria against
covered in another
the group of test
curriculum takers.

purpose To measure
To measure how much a
how much test takers
the test taker knows
know before compared to
and after the another
instruction is student
finished
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5 10mts Continued. ., Dimension CRT NRT Explaining Listening and Hand How do
Objective Its main Its main and asking taking notes out compare the
objective is to objective is questions students in
help students to assess a CRT&NRT
learn without students
getting performance
questioned with other
about grades students

Comparison It does not It compares

compare a a students
students performance
with other
students.

performanc Each student Judged on

e is basis of
independently other
assessed students
performance.
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5 10 Continued .., Domain CRT NRT Explaining Listening and Hand How will you
mts Item Each skill is Each skill is and asking taking notes out do report the
Characterstics tested by at tested by questions score in CRT?
least four less than
items to four items.
obtain an The item
adequate vary in
sample of difficulty.
the student

Administratio Non Standardized

n standardized format
On score Format

Scores are scores are

Score reported in reported in
reporting categories percentile
or rank
percentage
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5 10mts Continued .., Domain CRT NRT Explaining Listening and Hand How will you
Score In criterion In norm and taking notes out interpretate the
interpretation reference, referenced discussing score in NRT?
the score tests,if a test
determines taker ranks
how much of 95%,it
the implies that
curriculum is he/she has
understood performed
by the test better than
taker 95%of the
other test
takers
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6 3mts Explain the Strengths of criterion referencing tests: Explaining Listening and pamphlet What is the
strength of  The process of development of CRT is and taking notes meaning of
criterion discussing caliber?
helpful in clarifying objectives.
referencing and
norm referencing  The tests are useful when objective are
tests
under constant revision
 The tests are useful with small and or
unique groups
 Students are thus more likely to
actively help each other learn
 A students grade is not influenced by
the caliber of the class.
 Students are not competing with each
other.
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6 3mts Continued .., Strengths of norm referenced tests: Explaining Listening and pamphlet How to assess
 The comparison can easily be made and asking taking notes the degree of
questions confidence?
with the performance or achievement
of a larger population of students.
 Since estimates of reliability and
validity provided the degree of
confidence one can place in the result
is known.
 They easy for instructors to use
 They are generally appropriate in large
courses.
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7 2 mts Enlist the Weaknesses of criterion referenced tests: Explaining Listening and Over What do you
weaknesses of  It is difficult to set a reasonable and asking taking notes Head mean by grade?
criterion and norm questions projecto
standard for students
referenced tests r
 Most experienced faculty set criteria
based on their knowledge of how
students usually perform
 The objectives measured are often too
limited and restrictive.
Norm referenced test:
 An individual’s grade is determined not
only his/her achievements,but also by
the achievements of others.
 NRtests are usually valid only with the
population on which they have been
normed.
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5 10mts Differentiate Domain CRT NRT Explaining Listening and Hand How will you
between 1.Definition and taking notes out interpretate the
CRT&NRT 2.Purpose discussing score ?
3.Objective
4.Content
5.Comparison
6.Performance
7.Item
Characterstics
8.Administratio
n
9.Score
reporting
10.Score
interpretation