Pragmatic Speech Act Analysis Novel ‘’Hujan’’ by Tere Liye

Disusun guna memenuhi tugas akhir mata kuliah “Semantic Pragmatic”

Dosen Pengampu : Dr. Rochmat Budi Santoso, Spd., Mpd.

Disusun oleh:
Amalia Zaida (173221174/ 4E )

Rahayu Prihantini (173221177/ 4E)

PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS

FAKULTAS ADAB DAN BAHASA

INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI SURAKARTA

2019

Pragmatic Speech Act Analysis Novel ‘’Hujan’’ by Tere Liye

Novel ‘’Hujan’’ tells the story of two main characters named Lail and Esok. The two
figures were met after the erupting mountain disaster in 2042. The effects of the erupting
volcano are extremely devastating, besides having devastated most of the earth's contents,
this natural disaster leaves only 10% of humans on earth and also disrupts the climate and
weather of the earth.

The male figure named Esok or full name Soke Bahtera is described as a genius and smart
young man. At the age of 16, he had to move to the capital to continue his education and
succeeded in creating the first flying car. While a female character named Lail has a
character as a simple girl who lives in a social institution and eventually becomes a
humanitarian volunteer and goes to a nursing school.

ILLOCUTION ANALYSIS

a. COMMAND
1. CONTEXT
WHEN LAIL VISITS ELIJAH BECAUSE LAIL WANTS TO ERASE HER
MEMORY ABOUT RAIN AND ELIJAH WILL HELP ERASE LAIL'S
MEMORY.

Elijah : "Kamu harus mengenakan pemindai ini."

Lail : ( just nod)

The context shown in the above speech is at night in a high-tech room with the
most advanced medical equipment measuring 4 x 4 square meters. When Lail
visits Elijah to erase her memories of rain. Lail and Elijah's relationship is as a
paramedic with her patients. Elijah, a senior paramedic and Lail, were his patients
at that time.
 The meaning of the utterance "Kamu harus mengenakan pemindai ini." is a
statement from Elijah to Lail to wear the scanner. The speech uses the form of
imperative utterances, because Elijah wanted Lail to take the action requested by
Elijah.
The form of language used in the speech is a verbal form, pronounced politely and
casually. The saying "Kamu harus mengenakan pemindai ini." is an act
ilocutionary directive command, because the speech is intended so that Lail does
what is asked by Elijah.
This is indicated by word markers 'harus' which mean the command. The word
'harus' is a word the order Elijah used to asked Lail to wear the scanner.

2. CONTEXT
WHEN LAIL IS GOING TO SCHOOL ON THE FIRST DAY AFTER A LONG
HOLIDAY AND DELIVERED BY HIS MOTHER.

Lail's mom : "Rapikan dasimu, Lail"

Lail : ( just nod)

Context displayed in speech event is happening at the morning at 7:30 when the
city streets are very crowded with school children, when going to school for the
first day after a long holiday.
Speeches were performed by Lail's mom and her daughter named Lail. The intent
contained in utterance "Rapikan dasimu, Lail" is Lail's mom telling Lail to tidy up
the tie.
The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because Lail's mom said the
speech to Lail do the spoken action from her mother through orders. Lail's mom
with low tone intonation and relaxed expression. The form of language used in the
utterance is form verbally spoken kindly and polite. The language used is smooth.
 Speech delivered in the form informal dialog between Lail and Her mother. The
phrase "Rapikan dasimu, Lail" is spoken by Lail's mom with I mean to order Lail
arrange the tie. The phrase "Rapikan dasimu, Lail" includes an illocutionary
speech act command directive, because of speech it was meant to be Lail do what
her mother told her to do.
This is characterized by existence word markers "Rapikan" are meaningful 'Orders'
tidied the tie.

3. CONTEXT
IN THE MORNING ON THE TRAIN PLATFORM STANDS AMONG THE
CROWD LINING UP ON THE GREEN LINE, WHEN MRS. LAIL IS ABOUT TO
BUY A DRINK FOR LAIL.
Lail's Mother : "Ibu akan membeli minuman, Lail. Kamu tunggu di sini."
Lail : (just nod)

Speeches are performed by Lail's Mother and Lail. The purpose stated in the saying
"Ibu akan membeli minuman, Lail. Kamu tunggu di sini." Is Lail's Mother told Lail
to wait for her mother on the platform when buying drinks.
The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because Lail's Mother in
speaking the speech so that Lail takes the action that Lail's Mother said through the
command. Lail's Mother said intonation of low tones and relaxed expressions.
The form of language used in the speech is form verbal spoken in a friendly and
relaxed manner. The language used is smooth, with no words that hurt.
The phrase "Ibu akan membeli minuman, Lail. Kamu tunggu di sini." Said Lail's
Mother with the intention of ordering Lail to wait while her mother bought a drink.
The phrase "Ibu akan membeli minuman, Lail. Kamu tunggu di sini." Includes the
directive illocutionary speech act, because the speech is intended to make Lail do
 what her mother tells her. This is indicated by the sign "tunggu di sini" means
"command" to wait while her mother buys a drink.

4. CONTEXT
THE DAY ON THE TRAIN DURING AN EARTHQUAKE.
Petugas kereta :"Semua penumpang harap turun!"

Speeches are carried out by train officers with all train passengers. The purpose
stated in the saying "Semua penumpang harap turun!" the train officer told all train
passengers to get off the train capsule.
The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because the train officer in
uttering the utterance so that all train passengers carry out the action spoken by the
train officer by order. Train officers said with a high tone of tone and force.
The form of language used in the speech is form verbally spoken clearly and clearly.
Speech :"Semua penumpang harap turun!" the train officer said with the intention of
ordering the train passengers to get off the train capsule.
Speech :"Semua penumpang harap turun!"including directive illocutionary speech
acts, because the speech is intended so that all train passengers do what they are told
or ordered by the train officer. This is indicated by a sign that the word "harap turun"
means "order" to save yourself.

5. CONTEXT

DURING THE DAY ON THE TRAIN WHEN AFTERSHOCKS OCCUR, WHEN

THE TRAIN PASSENGERS WANT TO GET OUT OF THE TRAIN CAPSULE
TO SAVE THEMSELVES.

Officer : "Gempa susulan!Semua membungkuk!"

 Speeches are carried out by train officers with all train passengers. The purpose
stated in the utterance is "Gempa susulan!Semua membungkuk!" The train officer
told all train passengers to bow because there were aftershocks.

The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because the train officer in
uttering the utterance so that all train passengers carry out the action spoken by the
train officer by order. the train officer said intonation of a high, loud and compelling
tone. The form of language used in the speech is form verbally spoken clearly.

Speech "Gempa susulan!Semua membungkuk!" including directive illocutionary

speech acts, because the speech is intended so that all train passengers do what they
are told or ordered by the train officer. This is indicated by the presence of the
sentence "semua membungkuk" Equipped with an exclamation mark meaning
"command" to bow.

6. CONTEXT

DURING THE DAY ON THE TRAIN WHEN AFTERSHOCKS OCCUR, WHEN

THE ROOF OF THE TRAIN AISLE COLLAPSES, HEAPS ALL CAPSULES.

Officer : "Lari!"
Speeches are carried out by train officers with all train passengers. The purpose
stated in the saying "Lari!" the train officer told all train passengers to quickly run
out of the train to save themselves.

The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because the train officer in
uttering the utterance so that all train passengers carry out the action spoken by the
train officer by order. The train officer said with a moderate tone of tone and force.

The form of language used in the speech is form verbally spoken in a hoarse voice.
Speech "Lari !" including directive illocutionary speech acts, because the speech is
intended so that all train passengers do what they are told or ordered by the train
officer. This is indicated by the sign that the word "Lari!" Is equipped with an
 exclamation mark meaning "order" to quickly get out of the train and save
themselves before everything is buried.

7. CONTEXT

THE DAY ON THE TRAIN WHEN AFTERSHOCK HAPPENED, LAIL, HIS

MOTHER AND DOZENS OF PASSENGERS RAN OUT OF THE TRAIN
CAPSULE.

Lail’s Mother : "Cepat, Lail! Cepat!"

Speeches are conducted by Lail’s Mother with Lail. The meaning contained in the
speech "Cepat, Lail! Cepat!". Lail’s Mother told Lail to run as fast as possible and
get out of the train station.

The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because the train officer in
uttering the utterance so that all train passengers carry out the action spoken by the
train officer by order. The train officer said in high pitched tone.

The form of language used in the speech is form verbally spoken by shouting and
panicking. Utterance "Cepat, Lail! Cepat!". including directive illocutionary speech
acts, because the speech is intended so that all Lail does what her mother told or
ordered. This is indicated by the word marker "Cepat, Lail! Cepat!" is equipped with
an exclamation mark meaning "command" to run quickly to get out of the train and
save yourself before everything is buried.
8. CONTEXT
AT THE MORNING WHEN LAIL CAME OUT OF THE REFUGEE CAMP.

Marine : "Kamu harus mengenakan masker, Nak,"

Lail : (Look toward)
 Speeches performed by marines with Lail. The purpose stated in the saying "Kamu
harus mengenakan masker, Nak," the marine told Lail to wear a mask when she left
the refugee camp.

The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because the marines in
speaking the speech so that Lail performs the actions spoken by the marines
through orders. Marines said with a low tone intonation

The form of language used in the speech is form spoken verbally and politely. The
saying "Kamu harus mengenakan masker, Nak," includes the directive illocutionary
speech act, because the speech is intended to make all of Lail do what the Marines
are told or ordered. This is indicated by the word "harus" equipped with an
exclamation mark meaning "order" to wear a mask when exiting the refugee tent
because the air is filled with dirty fine dust.

9. CONTEXT
IN THE MORNING WHEN LAIL AND TOMORROW WERE IN THE
STADIUM TO REPORT.

Officer : "Berikutnya, maju!"

Speeches carried out by stadium officers with Lail and Esok. The purpose stated in
the saying "Berikutnya, maju!" when the officer told Lail and Tomorrow to go
forward reporting.

The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because the marines in
speaking the speech so that Lail and Esok perform the actions spoken by officers
through orders. The officer said intonation of high notes.
 The form of language used in the speech is formal verbal spoken calmly and
politely. The phrase "Berikutnya, maju!" Includes the directive illocutionary
speech act, because the speech is intended to make Lail and Esok do what is told
or ordered by the officer. This is indicated by the presence of the word "maju!"
With an exclamation mark meaning "order" to immediately advance and report.

10. CONTEXT
IN THE MORNING WHEN TOMORROW WAKE UP LAIL WHO WAKES UP
LATE BECAUSE AT NIGHT SHE CAN'T SLEEP.

Esok : "Sudah pukul delapan, Lail. Kamu harus antre sarapan, sebelum

kehabisan."

Lail : (pulling back the blanket, cover face.)

Esok : "Lail?"

Lail : "Aku tidak lapar;"

Esok: "Kamu harus makan. Atau nanti jatuh sakit. Sudah sejak ke marin pagi

kamu tidak makan. Ayo"

(Tomorrow pulls Lail's arm forcibly)

The context shown in the above narrative is that speech occurs in the morning
in the evacuation tent, which at that time Lail was medium awaken who is still
sleeping.

The intent contained in the statement "Kamu harus makan. Atau nanti jatuh
sakit. Sudah sejak ke marin pagi kamu tidak makan. Ayo" is to wake Lail and
invite to queue for breakfast. The speech uses the form of imperative utterances,
because Esok intends that Lail do the actions mentioned in the speech of Esok
which contains an invitation. Esok spoke with a low tone of tone and a worried
expression. The form of language used in the speech is a verbal form, spoken with
full attention and using strict language as well not long-winded.
 Speech "Kamu harus makan. Atau nanti jatuh sakit. Sudah sejak ke marin pagi
kamu tidak makan. Ayo" mean, Esol invited Lail who hasn't eaten since yesterday,
to queue up to take a meal before it runs out. Speech "Kamu harus makan. Atau
nanti jatuh sakit. Sudah sejak ke marin pagi kamu tidak makan. Ayo" including the
directive illocutionary speech act, because Esok want Lail to be able to do
something together. This is indicated by the sign of the word 'ayo'.

11. CONTEXT THE MORNING WHEN LAIL AND TOMORROW WERE IN THE
REFUGEE CAMP AND LAIL DIDN'T WANT TO EAT.

Lail : "Tidak apa. Aku tidak lapar" Lail menggeleng tidak peduli.
Esok : "Kamu harus makan!"

Speech is done by Lail with Esok . The purpose stated in the saying "Kamu harus
makan!" is Esok told Lail to eat.

The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because Esok in speaking the
speech so that Lail do the actions by Esok’ orders. Esok said intonation of high
notes.

The form of language used in the speech is form verbal spoken forcefully. Speech
"Kamu harus makan!" including directive illocutionary speech acts, because the
speech is intended so that Lail does what was told or ordered by Esok . This is
indicated by the sign of the word "harus" meaning "command" to immediately
eating.

12. CONTEXT
DURING THE DAY, WHEN AFTERSHOCKS OCCUR, PASSENGERS GET
OFF THE TRAIN BUT THERE ARE SOME VICTIMS WHO ARE LYING
AND INJURED.

 Officer : "Tinggalkan, kita tidak akan sempat membantu mereka!"

 Speech is performed by train officer 1 and train officer 2. The meaning stated in
the saying "Tinggalkan, kita tidak akan sempat membantu mereka!" the train
officer 1 told the train officer 2 to leave the victim lying and injured.

The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because the train officer 1 in
speaking the utterances so that the train officer 2 performs the action spoken by the
train officer 2 by order. 1st train officer said intonation of high notes and
expressions of panic and worry.

The form of language used in the speech is a verbal form pronounced firmly and
clearly. Speeches were delivered in the form of informal dialogue between train
officers 1 and train officers 2. The "tinggalkan" utterance was told by the train
officer 1 with the intention of commanding train 2 officers to leave the lying and
injured victims.

b. ASKING
1. CONTEXT
IN THE MORNING ON THE TRAIN PLATFORM STOOD AMONG THE
CROWD LINING UP ON THE GREEN LINE, WHEN LAIL'S FATHER
CALLED.

Lail's Father : "Hai, Bu, sudah di mana?"

Lail's Mother : "Masih di stasiun kereta. Kami terlambat sekali. Lail bangun
kesiangan. Dia selalu saja membuat kacau jadwal pagi di
rumah."
Lail's Father : "Tenang saja, Bu. Ini hari pertama sekolah. Ada banyak murid
terlambat. Boleh aku bicara dengan Lail?"
 Speeches were between Lail's Mother and Lail's father. The connection between
Lail's Mother and Lail's father are husband and wife. The meaning stated : "Tenang
saja, Bu. Ini hari pertama sekolah. Ada banyak murid terlambat. Boleh aku bicara
dengan Lail?" in the saying Lail's father asked Lail's Mother to talk to Lail, his
daughter, by telephone.
The speech uses the form of imperative utterances, because of Lail's father
wanted Lail's Mother to take the action requested by Lail's father, namely to give
his cellphone to Lail. Father spoke with a low tone and relaxed tone. The form of
language used in the speech is a verbal form, spoken politely, using language that
tends to consider the feelings of Lail's Mother and the concern of Lail's father to
Lail's Mother by using the sentence "Boleh aku bicara?".
Speech "Tenang saja, Bu. Ini hari pertama sekolah. Ada banyak murid terlambat.
Boleh aku bicara dengan Lail?" is an act directive illocutionary speech request,
because the speech is intended that Lail's Mother did what Lail's father asked.

c. INVITE
1. CONTEXT :

WHEN LAIL RETURNED TO HER HOUSE ACCOMPANIED BY ESOK, BUT

EVERYTHING WAS ON THE GROUND.
Esok : "Aku harus segera ke rumahku. Lail. Kamu mau ikut?"

The context shown in the above statement is that the speech took place during the
day in the area of Lail’s house and accompanied by Esok. Lail and Esok met after
the earthquake struck. Tomorrow is a 15-year-old boy and Lail is a 13-year-old girl.
The intent contained in the saying "Aku harus segera ke rumahku. Lail. Kamu mau
ikut?" is to invite Lail to come to the house tomorrow.
The speech uses the form of an invitation, because Esok intends that Lail be willing
to take the action mentioned in the Esok speech which contains an invitation. Esok
 speaks with a tone of moderate tone and calm expression. The form of language used
in the utterance is a verbal form, spoken attentively and using explicit and non-wordy
language. Speech delivered in the form of non-formal dialogue between Esok and
Lail.
Speech "Aku harus segera ke rumahku. Lail. Kamu mau ikut?" Esok intends to invite
Lail to come home at home tomorrow because Lail’s house the has been razed to the
ground.
Speech "Aku harus segera ke rumahku. Lail. Kamu mau ikut?" including the
directive illocutionary speech act inviting, because Esok wants Lail to jointly do
something, namely to invite Lail to come together eith Esok to the Esok’s house.

2. CONTEXT
IN THE MORNING WHEN LAIL CAME OUT OF THE REFUGEE CAMP TO
SEE THE SURROUNDINGS.

Esok : "Kita harus ke stadion dekat sini, Lail. Melapor."

Lail : "Bagaimana dengan ibumu?"

Esok :"Masih belum siuman. Tapi kata dokter, kondisinya stabil. Ibuku harus tetap
dirawat di rumah sakit. Ayo, Lail. Mungkin ada sarapan di sana. Perutku lapar."
The context presented in the above statement is that the speech occurred in the
morning in the refugee area when Lail left the refugee camp and was approached
by Esok.

The intention stated in the statement "Kita harus ke stadion dekat sini, Lail.
Melapor." is inviting Lail to report about their situation in refugee camps. The
speech uses the form of an invitation, because Esok intends that Lail be willing to
take the action mentioned in the Esok speech which contains an invitation. Esok
 speaks with a tone of moderate tone and a slightly hoarse voice. The form of
language used in the speech is a verbal form, pronounced clearly and not verbally.
Speech delivered in the form of non-formal dialogue between Esok and Lail.
Speech "Kita harus ke stadion dekat sini, Lail. Melapor." Esok intends to invite
Lail to report on their situation in the refugee camp. Speech "Kita harus ke stadion
dekat sini, Lail. Melapor." including directive illocutionary speech acts inviting,
because Esok wants Lail to do something together.

3. CONTEXT :

WHEN LAIL RETURNED TO HER HOUSE ACCOMPANIED BY ESOK, BUT

EVERYTHING WAS FLAT ON THE GROUND, ESOK INVITED LAIL TO
COME HOME TO HER HOUSE BUT LAIL WAS STILL HESITANT.

Esok : "Ayo, Lail. Kamu lebih baik ikut bersamaku. Semoga toko kue baik-baik
saja, dan saluran teleponnya masih bisa digunakan. Kamu bisa menghubungi
keluargamu dari sana."

Lail : (Just nod)

The point stated in the saying "Ayo, Lail. Kamu lebih baik ikut bersamaku. Semoga
toko kue baik-baik saja, dan saluran teleponnya masih bisa digunakan. Kamu bisa
menghubungi keluargamu dari sana." is to invite Lail to come to the Esok’s house.
The speech uses the form of an invitation, because Esok intends that Lail be willing
to take the action mentioned in the Esok speech which contains an invitation. Esok
speaks with a tone of moderate tone and a slightly excited expression. The form of
language used in the utterance is a verbal form, spoken attentively and using explicit
and non-wordy language. Speech delivered in the form of non-formal dialogue
between Tomorrow and Lail.
Say "Ayo, Lail. Kamu lebih baik ikut bersamaku. Semoga toko kue baik-baik saja,
dan saluran teleponnya masih bisa digunakan. Kamu bisa menghubungi keluargamu
 dari sana." Esok intends to invite Lail to come home at home tomorrow because the
lail house has been razed to the ground.
Say "Ayo, Lail. Kamu lebih baik ikut bersamaku. Semoga toko kue baik-baik saja,
dan saluran teleponnya masih bisa digunakan. Kamu bisa menghubungi keluargamu
dari sana." including the directive illocutionary speech act inviting, because
Tomorrow wants Lail to jointly do something, to invite Lail to come together to
Esok’s house.This is marked by the presence of the word "Ayo".
4. CONTEXT
DURING THE DAY, WHEN TRAIN OFFICERS EVACUATE PASSENGERS
TO THE NEAREST EMERGENCY STAIRCASE, WHICH IS LOCATED
EVERY DISTANCE OF 1,200 METERS OF TRAIN PASSAGEWAY.

Officer : "Ayo, semua mengikuti cahaya lampu petugas di depan. Kita harus
segera menuju permukaan!"

The intention contained in the utterance "Ayo, semua mengikuti cahaya lampu
petugas di depan. Kita harus segera menuju permukaan!" is to invite all passengers
to survive to follow the lights of the officers in front. The utterance uses the form
of imperative utterances, because the train officer intends that all passengers safely
carry out the actions mentioned in the train official's statement containing the
invitation.

the train officer said intonation of high notes and tense expressions. The form of
language used in the utterance is a verbal form, pronounced clearly and uses
explicit and non-wordy language.

Speeches were delivered in the form of informal dialogue between train officers
and surviving passengers.

Speech "Ayo, semua mengikuti cahaya lampu petugas di depan. Kita harus segera
menuju permukaan!" intends the train officer to invite passengers to safely invite
 all passengers to be safe to follow the lights of the officers in front to reach the
surface.

Speech "Ayo, semua mengikuti cahaya lampu petugas di depan. Kita harus segera
menuju permukaan!" including directive illocutionary speech acts inviting,
because train officers want passengers to be safe so they can do something
together. This is indicated by the sign of the word 'ayo'.

d. PROHIBIT
1. CONTEXT
LAIL’S MOM PROHIBITED LAIL TO STOP IN EMERGENCY STAIRS.

Lail’s mom :"Jangan berhenti,’’ (she shouting) Lail tinggal sedikit lagi.
Terus naik."

Lail : (nods, biting lips, immediately speed up his movements)

The context displayed in the above utterances is the speech occurs on the
morning when Lail’s mom and Lail were in the train capsule and an
earthquake was happening. The intention stated in the saying :"Jangan
berhenti,’’ Is that Lail’s mom forbade Lail to stop climbing the emergency
stairs. If Lail stopping up the emergency stairs would be dangerous for her.
The utterance uses the form of imperative utterances, because Lail’s mom
intends that Lail carry out the actions mentioned in the Lail’s mom statement
containing the prohibition.

Lail’s mom said intonation of high notes and panic expressions. Form the
language used in the speech is a verbal form, spoken politely and the language
used reflects affection and care for Lail .

The saying :"Jangan berhenti,’’ Meant the Lail’s mom prohibited Lail to stop
climb the emergency ladder, if Lail stops climbing the emergency ladder it
will endanger her. The saying :"Jangan berhenti,’’ Includes an illocutionary
 speech act prohibiting directives. This is indicated by the presence of the word
'jangan'.

Penumpang di dalam kapsul menurut, segera beranjak turun, lompat ke rel

kereta, termasuk Lail dan ibunya. Tidak semua penumpang bisa turun,
beberapa terlihat tergeletak dengan ba dan lebam atau kepala terluka.

"Tinggalkan, kita tidak akan sempat membantu mereka!" petugas itu berseru
tegas saat beberapa penumpang lain berusaha memeriksa. Kondisi petugas itu
juga tidak lebih baik. Pelipisnya berdarah. Seragamnya berdebu. Dia membawa
lampu darurat kereta, dari sanalah cahaya terang berasal.

2. CONTEXT
WHEN AFTERSHOCKS OCCUR, SOME PASSENGERS WHO PANIC
ACTUALLY RETURN TO THE CAPSULE.

Officer : "Jangan kembali!"

The context shown in the speech above is that speech takes place during the
day when train officers and all train passengers are inside the train capsule and
there are aftershocks.

The meaning stated in the saying "Jangan kembali!" The train officer is
prohibiting train passengers from returning to the train capsule. if the train
passengers who survived return to the train capsule would be dangerous for
they because the roof of the aisle above their heads could collapse, heaping all
capsules. The speech uses the form of imperative utterances, because Officer
intends that the surviving train passengers carry out the actions mentioned in
the train official's statement containing the prohibition. This is indicated by
the presence of the word 'jangan'. The word "jangan".
the train officer said intonation of high notes and panic expressions. The form
of language used in the speech is a verbal form, spoken politely and the
language used reflects the concern of the train officer to train passengers.