THE PHYSICAL SELF
eventually puberty hits.
 refers to the body, this marvelous
container and complex, finely tuned,
machine with which we interface with
our environment and fellow beings
 it is the concrete dimension, the
tangible aspect of the person that can
be directly observed and examined
Life Span refers to the development from
conception to death.
Elizabeth B. Hurlock outlines the stages in
life span.
10 STAGES OF THE LIFE SPAN
1) Prenatal Period – conception to birth
2) Infancy – divided into two periods
a. Partunal Period – from birth to
cutting of the umbilical cord
b. Neonatal period (newborn) –
from the cutting of the umbilical
cord to the end of the second
week (28 days)
3) Baby Hood – 2 weeks of life to 2nd year
4) Early Childhood – two to six years
5) Late Childhood – six to ten to twelve
years
6) Puberty or pre-adolescence – ten to
twelve to thirteen or fourteen years
7) Adolescence – thirteen or fourteen to
eighteen years
8) Early adulthood – eighteen to forty
years
9) Middle adulthood – forty to sixty years
10) Old adulthood or senescence – sixty
years to death
GROWTH
 Refer to increase in height and weight
and other changes that happen as kids
mature. Hair grows, teeth come in,
come out, and come in again and
DEVELOPMENT
 The pattern of movement or change
that begins at conception and
continues through life span
TWO FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Heredity – the biological process of
inheritance of traits from parent to offspring.
Environment – refers to the factors and
individual is exposed to throughout life which
includes learning experience.
THEORIES OF PHYSICAL SELF
Theory of Physiognomy – person physical
characteristics such as facial features and
expression and body structures could be
related to a person’s character or personality
Five Element Theory – use the element of
water, wood, fire, earth and metal as
archetypes for everything occurring in
natural world. Each element is correlated to
seasons, colors, shapes, sounds as well as
facial features, body types, body major
organs.
Theory based on prominence of body fluids –
this theory suggest that an excess of or
deficiency in any of four body fluids (or
humors) in a person influences their
personality, temperament and well-being.
1. Sanguine type has the prominence of
red bile. They tend to be impulsive,
cheerful, happy and optimistic.
2. Melancholic has the prominence of
black bile. They tend to be depressed
and pessimistic.
 3. Choleric has the prominence of yellow
bile. They are easily angry and
temperamental.
4. Phlegmatic has excess phlegm. They
tend to be sluggish, dull and slow.
William Sheldon believes that physical self is
based on physical characteristics.
Body Type Theory
 Endomorphic – body type is soft and
plump. They are easy going and
sociable.
 Mesomorphic – body type is
characterizes by strong and muscular.
They are adventurous and courageous.
 Ectomorphic – body type is tall and
thin. They are quiet and artistic.
Body Image - refers to how individual
perceive, think and feel about their body
and physical appearance.
Appearance - refers to everything about
a person that others can observed such as
height, weight and skin color.
Self-esteem - person all evaluation of his
or her own worth.
 Self-care is important to maintain a
healthy relationship with yourself,
sometimes call self-love. It produces
positive feelings, which improves
confidence and self-esteem too.
Tattooing – This injects ink onto the skin to
draw a design.
Body piercing – another body modification
which let people jewelry through different
piercing in their body.
Cosmetic Surgery – includes surgical and
non-surgical procedures to restore,
reconstruct or alter body parts.
SEXUAL SELF
 It is an individual’s evaluation of his or
her own sexual feelings and actions
Life begins at fertilization.
 Fertilization refers to the meeting of
the female sex cell and the male sex
cell.
 The sex cell is developed in the
reproductive organs called gonads.
 The male cells called spermatozoa
(spermatozoon) are produced in the
male gonads called testes.
 On the other hand, the female sex cells
called ova are produced in the female
gonads known as the ovaries.
 The fertilized egg cell known as zygote
contains all the hereditary potentials
from the parents.
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Infections are the most common problem
associated with reproductive system in
adults.
 Vaginal infections, prostatitis,
urethritis, epididymitis,
orchiditis/inflammation of the testes,
neoplasms, tumors of the breast and
cervix, prostate cancer
EROGENOUS ZONES
 It refers to parts of the body that are
primarily receptive and increase
sexual arousal when touched in a
sexual manner.
 It may vary from one person to
another.
HUMAN SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
 It is defined as any activity – solitary,
between two persons, or in a group
that includes sexual arousal.
TYPES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
1. SOLITARY BEHAVIOR
 Self-gratification means self-
stimulation that leads to sexual arousal
and generally, sexual climax.
 Self-gratification begins at or before
puberty, is very common among
young males, but becomes less
frequent or is abandoned when socio-
sexual activity is available.
2. SOCIOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR
 Heterosexual behavior is the greatest
amount of socio-sexual behavior that
occurs between only one male and one
female.
 It usually begins in childhood and may
be motivated by curiosity.
 Physical contact involving necking or
petting is considered as an ingredient
of the learning process and eventually
of courtship and the selection of a
marriage partner.
 Coitus, the insertion of the male
reproductive structure into the female
reproductive organ, is viewed by
society quite differently depending
upon the marital status of the
individuals.
PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMAN SEXUAL
RESPONSE
Sexually response follows a pattern of
sequential stages or phases when sexual
activity is continued.
1) Excitement Phase – caused by
increase in pulse and blood pressure
2) Plateau Phase – generally of brief
duration. If stimulation is continued,
orgasm usually occurs.
3) Sexual Climax – marked by a feeling of
abrupt, intense pleasure, a rapid
increase in pulse rate and blood
pressure, and spasms of the pelvic
muscles causing contractions of the
female reproductive organ and
ejaculation by the male.
4) Resolution Phase – the last stage that
refers to the return to a normal or
subnormal physiologic state.
SEXUAL PROBLEMS
Sexual problems may be classified as
physiological, psychological and social in
origin.
 In physiological problems, only a
small number of people suffer from
disease due to abnormal development
of the genitalia or that part of the
neurophysiology controlling sexual
response.
 Psychological problems comprise by
far the largest category. They are
usually caused by socially inhibitions,
maladaptive attitudes, ignorance and
sexual myths held by society.
 Premature emission of semen is a
common problem, especially for
young males.
 Erectile impotence is almost always of
psychological origin in males under
40; in older males, physical causes are
more often involved.
 Fear of being impotent frequently
causes impotence, and in many cases,
the afflicted male is simply caught up
in a self-perpetuating problem that can
be solved only by achieving a
successful act of coitus.
  Ejaculatory impotence, which results
from the inability to ejaculate in coitus,
is uncommon and is usually of
psychogenic origin.
 Vaginismus is a strong spasm of the
pelvic musculature organ so that
penetration is painful or impossible.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
 STDs are infections transmitted from
an infected person to an uninfected
person through social contact.
 It can be caused by bacteria, viruses,
or parasites.
 STDs are a significant global health
priority because of their
overwhelming impact on women and
infant and their interrelationships with
HIV and AIDS.
 Aside from HIV and AIDS, there are
other sexually transmitted diseases in
humans. The following list of diseases
is based on STDs surveillance 2016 of
the US Department of Health and
Human Services Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention.
 Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis,
Chancroid, Human Papillomavirus,
Herpes Simplex Virus, Trichomonas
Vaginalis
NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL METHODS
OF CONTRACEPTION
Natural Method
 Abstinence – involves from refraining
from sexual intercourse.
 Calendar Method – also known as
rhythm method. It entails withholding
from coitus during the days that the
woman is fertile.
 Basal Body Temperature – indicates
the woman’s temperature at rest.
Before the day and during ovulation.
 Cervical Mucus Method – the change
in the cervical mucus during ovulation
is the basis for this method.
 Symptothermal Method – a
combination of the BBT method and the
cervical mucus method.
 Ovulation Detection – uses an over-
the-counter kit that requires the urine
sample of the woman.
Artificial Methods
 Male Condom – 82-98% effective at
preventing pregnancy and can only be
used once
 Female Condom – 79-95% effective; it
keeps sperm from getting into her
body; can be inserted up to 8hrs
before sexual intercourse
 Hormonal Methods – prevent the
release of an egg (ovulation) and
prevents pregnancy; increases
cervical mucus
 Oral Contraceptives – the pill is 91-
99% effective; contain estrogen,
progestin, or mix of others
 Birth Control Patch – skin patch is worn
on the lower abdomen, buttocks, or
upper body; 91-99% effective;
releases progestin and estrogen
 Vaginal Ring – ring goes inside vagina
up around the cervix; 91-99%
effective; also releases progestin and
estrogen
 Birth Control Shot – every 3 months,
women get shots; 94-99% effective
 Emergency Contraception – morning
after pill; 75-89% effective
 Intrauterine Device
 Sterilization – Vasectomy and tubal
ligation or tying tubes
MATERIAL SELF
 Consist of things that belong to a
person or entities that a person
belongs to; “you are what you have”
The strong desire for material self-
possessions could lead to psychological
dysfunction such as “Compulsive Buying
Disorder” which is characterized by an
obsession with shopping and buying
behaviors that can cause adverse
consequences.
William James – according to him, the self is
everything that as individual considers being
his or her, not only his or her body
reputations and beliefs
COMPONENTS OF MATERIAL SELF
1) Body – the inner most part of our
material self. We are investing in our
body. We are directly attached to this
commodity that we can’t live without.
2) Clothes – Philosophy of Dress by
Herman Lotze; microcosmus. It
essential part of us.
3) Immediate Family – our parents and
siblings hold another great important
part of our self
4) Home – where our heart is; the earliest
nest of our selfhood. Our experiences
inside the home were recorded and
marked on particular part things in our
home.
WHY WE ARE ATTACHED TO OUR
THINGS
Consumerism – social economic order and
ideology
Financial Literacy – possession of skills and
knowledge that allows individual to make
informed and effective decisions
SPIRITUAL SELF
The spiritual aspect of self is the inner
essence, the part of the self that connects the
person to the sacred, the supernatural, and
the universe. The spiritual self enables the
person to experience a feeling of oneness
with a higher being and the universe and
gives a deeper purpose or meaning’s one
life.
Spirituality – root meaning is taken from the
Latin word spiritus, meaning breath or life
force.
Religion – organized system of ideas about
the spiritual sphere or the supernatural along
with associated ceremonial practices by
which people try to interpret and influence.
Supernatural order – is the original and
fundamental source of all that exist. It is not a
part of or dependent upon nature or any
natural laws.
 Neurotheology- describes the
scientific study of the neural correlates
of religious or spiritual beliefs,
experiences and practices.
 Hadd- tend to see a hidden agent
working behind the scenes, making
events unfold the way they do and
perhaps even deliberately hiding its
own tracks.
 Natural receptivity to entertain
religious concept
Concept of Gods in Ancient Greece:
1. Zeus- Lord of the sky
2. Poseidon- Ruler of the sea
3. Hades- Lord of the underwold
In Philippines society
1. Bathala- tagalog
2. Laon- Bisayan
3. Manama- Manobo
4. Kabuniyan-Regions of Cordillera
except Apayao
 Witchcraft- an explanation of events
based on the belief that certain
individuals posses an innate psychic
power capable of causing harm,
including sickness and death.
Functions
Effective way for people to explain a
personal misfortune without having to
shoulder any blame to themselves. Provides
an outlet for feelings of hostility and
frustration without disturbing the norms of
the larger group.
POLITICAL SELF
Political - social institution through which the
power is acquired and exercised by people
and groups.
Political is an important of human
development because it promotes ideologies
about democracy, citizenship, human
rights, freedom, family, health,and other
social issues.
Identity Construction is shaped by
societal agencies such as Family, Church,
School, Media, Government and Non
Government organizations.
Family- heirarchical structure which requires
each member to perform his or her role.
Church - also helps shape the ideas of
citezinship and democracy through their
religious teaching values and traditions.
Mass Media - may influence an individual
political views and beliefs.
Peers - are also important in influencing the
political self. In peer groups, the members
are equal in status, thus, the the construction
with peers encompasses the equal
distribution of power, rights and previleges.
DIGITAL SELF
Anonymity on the web is hard to achieved
when you have digital presence.
Online identity - the sum of you
characteristics and you interactions.
Partial Identity - a subset of characteristics
that make up your identity.
Persona - partial identity by you to represent
yourself in a specific situation.
Personal Identity - Interpersonal level of self
which differentiates the individual as unique
from other.
Social Identity – is the level of whereby the
individuals is identified by his or her group
membership.
Self presentation is the “process of
controlling how one is perceived by other
people” and is the key to relationship
inception and development.
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