ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾ

                   

ᵲᶃᶖᶒᴾᵠᶍᶍᶉᴾ ᴾ
ᴾ ᴾ

ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ ᴾ
ᶍᶄᴾ
ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᴾ
ᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾᵲᶃᶁᶆᶌᶇᶁᵿᶊᴾᵱᶓᶎᶎᶍᶐᶒᴾᵥᶐᶍᶓᶎᴾ

ᵱᶒᵿᶒᶇᶁᴾᵣᶏᶓᶇᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᵣᶌᶅᶇᶌᶃᶃᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵢᶃᶎᵿᶐᶒᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾ
ᵣᶌᶅᶇᶌᶃᶃᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵢᶇᶔᶇᶑᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᵨᵥᵡᴾᵡᶍᶐᶎᶍᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾ
㻝
How to fabricate Pressure Vessels and carry out Inspections for Pressure Vessels?

1. Fabrication Sequence
Refer to attached “ Typical fabrication sequence of Drum” (See Attachment-1)

1. Material receiving inspection

2. Marking before shell plate cutting
3. Cutting of shell plate
4. Edge preparation for welding, edge bending
5. Shell plate Rolling
6. Longitudinal seam fit-up of shell plate
7. NDE (RT, UT, MT, PT) examination of longitudinal seam welding
8. Circumferential seam welding of shell plate
9. NDE (RT, UT, MT, PT) examination of circumferential seam welding
10. Circumferential seam (Shell rings to shell rings / Head to shell Rings) fit-up
11. Circumferential seam (Shell rings to shell rings / Head to shell Rings) welding
12. NDE (RT, UT, MT,PT) examination of circumferential seam (Shell rings to shell ring /
Head to Shell Rings) welding
13. Marking for Nozzle opening
14. Cutting of nozzle opening
15. Nozzle fit-up
16. Nozzle welding
17. NDE (UT, MT, PT) examination of nozzle attachment weld
18. Machining and/or inspection on gasket contact surface of nozzle flange
19. Welding and required inspection for pipe supports, platform lugs, insulation supports,
internal parts, etc.
20. Saddle reinforcing pad fit-up and welding
21. Saddle welding to pad and required inspection
22. Inspection (Visual, Dimensional and NDE) before PWHT
23. PWHT, if required.
24. Required inspection (Visual, dimensional and NDE ) after PWHT
25. Hydrostatic test
26. Inside cleanliness check
27. Blasting & Painting
28. Packing for shipment

㻞
 Pressure Vessel Fabrication Sequence (Typical)

Plate Cutting Shell Plate Rolling

Head Forming Shell & Head Assembly /Nozzle installation and

Inspection and NDE

PWHT (Post weld heat treatment) Hydrostatic test

㻟
Blasting & Painting Packing for Shipment

Shipment Erection at Site

㻠
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Fabrication Sequence (Typical)

Tube Bundle Fabrication Shell /Channel Cover Nozzle Fabrication

Fabrication
Material receiving and Material receiving and Material receiving and
inspection inspection inspection
Tube end polishing Marking & Cutting Layout & Cutting
Drilling of tube sheet & Press & Bending Nozzle Fabrication
baffle plate
Tube installation to the Longitudinal seam welding
bundle
Tube end cutting Circumferential seam
welding
Tube to tube sheet welding, Head & Shell flange Fit-up
if applicable. & welding
Tube Expansion Nozzle opening
Nozzles & External
attachments fit-up &
welding
NDT after welding
PWHT, if applicable
NDT after PWHT
Machining of flange face, if
required.
Tube Bundle Tube bundle install to the
Assembly shell
Hydrostatic test Shell & Channel cover assembly
Drying
Blasting & Painting
Packing
Shipment

㻡
 Photo of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Fabrication

Drilling of Tube Sheet Drilling of Baffle plate

Tube Bundle assembly Tube installation

Tube to tube sheet welding Tube Expanding

㻢
2. Weld Map
Weld map is showing all welding joints and applicable WPS(Welding procedure
specification, See Attachment-3) Number, welding process, etc for each joint. (See
Attachment-2) Vendor shall make a welding plan with qualified WPS with PQR. If
qualified WPS and PQR are not available, vendor shall make a new WPS and perform
qualification test for the WPS. Before starting fabrication vendor shall issue the weld
map with WPS/PQR for purchaser’s approval.

3. Inspection and Test Plan (ITP)

Inspection and Test Plan (See Attachment-4), as one of the manufacturer’s QC
documents, shall be prepared to identify all inspection and test required in the
fabrication sequence of each pressure vessel. This ITP specifies the required inspection,
applicable code/requirement and acceptance criteria in accordance with fabrication
sequence.

Attachments

Attachment-1 Typical Fabrication sequence of Drums

Attachment-2 Weld Map (Sample)
Attachment-3 WPS & PQR (Sample)
Attachment-4 Inspection and test plan

Attachment-5 Handouts of the Lecture Power Point Sheet

㻣
㼀㼥㼜㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㻲㼍㼎㼞㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻿㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻰㼞㼡㼙㼟 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻝

㻤
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻞

㻥
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻟

㻝㻜
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻟

㻝㻝
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻟

㻝㻞
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻟

㻝㻟
㻵㼚㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼀㼑㼟㼠㻌㻼㼘㼍㼚 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻠

㻝㻠
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵍᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵍᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌ ᵍ ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅ ᵍᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌ
ᶍᶄ
ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ

ᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾᵲᶃᶁᶆᶌᶇᶁᵿᶊᴾᵱᶓᶎᶎᶍᶐᶒᴾᵥᶐᶍᶓᶎ
ᵱᶒᵿᶒᶇᶁᴾᵣᶏᶓᶇᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᵣᶌᶅᶇᶌᶃᶃᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵢᶃᶎᵿᶐᶒᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾ
ᵣᶌᶅᶇᶌᶃᶃᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵢᶇᶔᶇᶑᶇᶍᶌᴾ
ᵨᵥᵡᴾᵡᶍᶐᶎᶍᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ
1

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵏ ᵤᵿᶀᵌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃ
ᵏᵌ ᵤᵿᶀ ᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃ ᵔ ᵨᵧᵥᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᵤᵿᶀᵌ
ᵔᵌ ᵨᵧᵥ ᶄᶍᶐ ᵤᵿᶀ
ᵐᵌ ᵱᶁᶆᶃᶂᶓᶊᶃᴾ ᵕᵌ ᵤᵿᶀᵌᴾᵟᶐᶃᵿᴾ
ᵑᵌ ᵫᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅ ᵖᵌ ᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾᵡᶍᶌᶒᶐᶍᶊ
ᵒᵌ ᵤᵿᶁᶇᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾ ᵗᵌ ᵱᵿᶄᶃᶒᶗᴾ
ᵓ ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅ
ᵓᵌ

㻝㻡
1
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵲᶗᶎᶇᶁᵿᶊᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵢᶐᶓᶋ

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵐᵌᴾᵱᶁᶆᶃᶂᶓᶊᶃᴾ

㻝㻢
2
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵑᵌᴾᵫᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾ

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵒᵌᴾᵤᵿᶁᶇᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾᴾ

ᵲ
ᵲᶓᶐᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᵰᶍᶊᶊᶃᶐ
ᶇ ᵰ ᶊᶊ

ᵱᵟᵵᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᵱᵟᵵ ᵵ ᶊᶂᶇ
ᵫᵿᶁᶆᶇᶌᶃᴾᵄᴾ
ᵫᵿᶌᶇᶎᶓᶊᵿᶒᶍᶐ
6

㻝㻣
3
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵓᵌᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾ
ᵿᵿᵌᴾᴾᴾᵮᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾ
ᵮᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌ ᶍᶄ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃᴾᵱᶎᶃᶁᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌ

ᶀᵌᴾᴾᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾᵵᵮᵱ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃᴾᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌ
ᵲᶃᶑᶒ ᵄ ᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂ
ᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᴾᵄᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂᴾ

ᶁᵌᴾ ᵮᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᴾᵫᵿᶎ

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵓᵌᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃ
ᵱᶎᶃᶁᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵆᵵᵮᵱᵇ
ᵬᶃᶁᶃᶑᶑᵿᶐᶗᴾᶇᶌᶄᶍᶐᶋᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾ
ᶕᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶇᶑᴾᶑᶎᶃᶁᶇᶄᶇᶃᶂᴾᶇᶌᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾ
ᵵᵮᵱᵌ

•ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶑᶑ
•ᵥᶐᶍᶍᶔᶃᴾᵢᶃᶑᶇᶅᶌ
•ᵠᵿᶑᶃᴾᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊᴾᵊᴾᵤᶇᶊᶊᶃᶐᴾᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊ
•ᵮᶍᶑᶇᶒᶇᶍᶌᶑ
•ᵣᶊᶃᶁᶒᶐᶇᶁᵿᶊᴾᵡᶆᵿᶐᵿᶁᶒᶃᶐᶇᶑᶒᶇᶁᶑ
•ᵮᶐᶃᶆᶃᵿᶒᴾᵊᴾᵮᵵᵦᵲᴾᶁᶍᶌᶂᶇᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ
ᶃᶒᶁᵌ 8

㻝㻤
4
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵓᵌᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂίᵮᵯᵰᵇ
ᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶐᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᵵᵮᵱᵌᴾ

͌ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵱᶎᶃᶁᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂᴾ
ᶄᶍᶐᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᵿᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᶒᶃᶑᶒᴾ
͌ᵟᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂ
ᵟ ᶊᶇᶇᶁ ᶀᶊᶊᶃ ᵲᶃ ᶒ ᶂ ᵰᶃᶁ ᶂ
ᵲᶃᶌᶑᶇᶍᶌᴾᶒᶃᶑᶒᴾᵊᴾᵠᶃᶌᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶒᶃᶑᶒ
ᵧᶋᶎᵿᶁᶒᴾᶒᶃᶑᶒᵊᴾᵦᵿᶐᶂᶌᶃᶑᶑᴾᶒᶃᶑᶒᵊᴾᶃᶒᶁᵌ

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵓᵌᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂ ᵫᵿᶎ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᴾᵫᵿᶎ

ᵵᶃᶊᶂᴾᶋᵿᶎᴾᶇᶑᴾ
ᶑᶆᶍᶕᶇᶌᶅᴾᵿᶊᶊᴾ
ᶕᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶈᶍᶇᶌᶒᶑᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾ
ᵿᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃ ᵵᵮᵱ
ᵿᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵵᵮᵱᴾ
ᵬᶓᶋᶀᶃᶐᵊᴾᶕᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᶎᶐᶍᶁᶃᶑᶑᵊᴾᶃᶒᶁᵌ

10

㻝㻥
5
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵔᵌᴾᵨᵧᵥᶑᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᵨᶇᶅᶑᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᵬᶍᶘᶘᶊᶃᴾᵤᶇᶒᴾᶓᶎᴾᵄᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅ
11

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵔᵌᴾᵨᵧᵥᶑᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

12

㻞㻜
6
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵕᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᵌᴾᵟᶐᶃᵿᴾ
ᵲᶍᴾᶁᶍᶌᶄᶇᶐᶋᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶑᶇᶘᶃᴾ
ᵲᶍ ᶁᶍᶌᶄᶇᶐᶋ ᶒᶆᶃ ᶑᶇᶘᶃ
ᵿᶌᶂᴾᶕᶃᶇᶅᶆᶒᴾᶍᶄᴾᶃᵿᶁᶆᴾ
ᶑᶃᶅᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᶂᶓᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᶄᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᵊᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶋᵿᶉᶃᴾ
ᵿᶊᶊᶍᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶊᶍᵿᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᶎᶊᵿᶌᴾᶇᶌᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶑᶆᶍᶎᴾᶍᶄᴾ
ᶃᵿᶁᶆᴾᶑᶃᶅᶋᶃᶌᶒᶑᴾᶓᶎᴾᶒᶍᴾ
ᵿᶑᶑᶃᶋᶀᶊᶗᴾᶁᶍᶋᶎᶊᶃᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵌ

13

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵕᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᵌᴾᵟᶐᶃᵿᴾ

ᵪᵿᶗᶍᶓᶒᴾᶍᶄᴾᵱᶃᶅᶋᶃᶌᶒᶑᵊᴾᵪᶍᵿᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶀᶗᴾᵭᶔᶃᶐᶆᶃᵿᶂᴾ
ᶁᶐᵿᶌᶃᴾᶇᶌᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶑᶆᶍᶎ
14

㻞㻝
7
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵕᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᵌᴾᵟᶐᶃᵿᴾ

15

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵖᵌᴾᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾᵡᶍᶌᶒᶐᶍᶊ
ᵠᶃᶄᶍᶐᶃᴾᴾᶑᶒᵿᶐᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᶄᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌ
z ᵲᶍᴾᶀᶃᴾᶁᶊᶃᵿᶐᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶐᶃᶏᶓᶇᶐᶃᶂᴾᵯᵡᴾᶎᶍᶇᶌᶒ

z ᵮᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾᶄᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶎᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃᵊᴾ

ᶇᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶎᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶕᶍᶐᶉᴾ
ᶇᶌᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶒᶍᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶑᶆᶍᶎ
z ᵱᶒᵿᶌᶂᵿᶐᶂᶇᶘᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾᶕᶍᶐᶉᴾᶄᶊᶍᶕᴾ
ᵱᶒ ᶂ ᶂᶇ ᶒᶇ ᶄ ᶉ ᶄᶊ

16

㻞㻞
8
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵖᵌᴾᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾᵡᶍᶌᶒᶐᶍᶊ
ᵢᶓᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ
z ᵮᶆᶗᶑᶇᶁᵿᶊᴾᵡᶆᶃᶁᶉᴾᶍᶄᴾᶄᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾ

ᶇᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶎᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃᴾᵿᶑᴾᶎᶃᶐᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾ
ᶑᶎᶃᶁᶇᶄᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᵌ
z ᵡᶆᶃᶁᶉᴾᶍᶄᴾᶇᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶎᶐᶍᶅᶐᶃᶑᶑᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾ

ᶑᶁᶆᶃᶂᶓᶊᶃ
ᶑᶁᶆᶃᶂᶓᶊᶃᵌ
z ᵧᶄᴾᵿᶌᶗᴾᵬᶍᶌᴾᶁᶍᶌᶄᶍᶐᶋᵿᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶀᶑᶃᶐᶔᶃᶂᵊᴾᶒᶍᴾ

ᶎᶃᶐᶄᶍᶐᶋᴾᶐᶍᶍᶒᴾᶁᵿᶓᶑᶃᴾᵿᶌᵿᶊᶗᶑᶇᶑᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᴾ
ᶃᶑᶒᵿᶀᶊᶇᶑᶆᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶁᶍᶓᶌᶒᶃᶐᶋᶃᵿᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵌ
17

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵖᵌᴾᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾᵡᶍᶌᶒᶐᶍᶊ
ᵧᵲᵮᾉᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵄᴾᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌ
ᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᴾᵿᶁᶁᶍᶐᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶒᶍᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾ
ᶄᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶑᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃ
͌ᵱᶎᶃᶁᶇᶄᶗᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶎᵿᶐᶒᴾᶒᶍᴾᶀᶃᴾᶇᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶃᶂᴾᵌ
͌ᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶎᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵿᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᶑᶎᶃᶁ
͌ᵟᶁᶁᶃᶎᶒᵿᶌᶁᶃᴾᵡᶐᶇᶒᶃᶐᶇᵿ
͌ᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂᶃᶂᴾᶍᶐᴾᶌᶍᶒᴾ
͌ᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵵᶇᶒᶌᶃᶑᶑᴾᶁᶍᶌᶂᶇᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ
ᵆᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᵊᴾᵡᶍᶌᶒᶐᵿᶁᶒᶍᶐᵊᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶒᴾᵭᶕᶌᶃᶐᵇ

18

㻞㻟
9
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵖᵌᴾᵯᶓᵿᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾᵡᶍᶌᶒᶐᶍᶊ
ᵧᵲᵮᾉᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵄᴾᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌ

19

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵗᵌᴾᵱᵿᶄᶃᶒᶗᴾ
ᵟᶁᶁᶇᶂᶃᶌᶒᶑᵊᴾᵤᵿᶇᶊᶓᶐᶃᴾᶇᶌᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶑᶆᶍᶎᴾ
ᵟᶁᶁᶇᶂᶃᶌᶒᶑᵊ ᵤᵿᶇᶊᶓᶐᶃ ᶇᶌ ᶒᶆᶃ ᶑᶆᶍᶎ
ᵢᶐᶍᶎᵊᴾᵣᶊᶃᶁᶒᶐᶇᶁᵿᶊᴾᵱᶆᶍᶁᶉᵊᴾᵣᶗᶃᶑᴾᵧᶌᶈᶓᶐᶗᴾᵊᴾ
ᵠᶓᶐᶌᵊᴾᵤᶇᶐᶃᵊᴾᵣᶖᶎᶊᶍᶑᶇᶍᶌᵊᴾᵮᶍᶇᶑᶍᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶃᶒᶁᵌ

ᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾᶑᶆᵿᶊᶊᴾᶒᵿᶉᶃᴾᶋᶃᵿᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵿᶅᵿᶇᶌᶑᶒᴾᵿᶀᶍᶔᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐ ᶑᶆᵿᶊᶊ ᶒᵿᶉᶃ ᶋᶃᵿᶑᶓᶐᶃ ᵿᶅᵿᶇᶌᶑᶒ ᵿᶀᶍᶔᶃ
ᶄᵿᶇᶊᶓᶐᶃᶑᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵿᶁᶁᶇᶂᶃᶌᶒᶑᵌᴾ

20

㻞㻠
10
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵏᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶀᶗᴾᵴᶃᶌᶂᶍᶐᴾ
ᵗᵌᴾᵱᵿᶄᶃᶒᶗᴾ
ᵵᶍᶐᶉ ᶇᶌ ᶒᶆᶃ ᵡᶍᶌᶄᶇᶌᶃᶂ ᵱᶎᵿᶁᶃ
ᵵᶍᶐᶉᴾᶇᶌᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᵡᶍᶌᶄᶇᶌᶃᶂᴾᵱᶎᵿᶁᶃ

21

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵏᵌᴾᵫᵿᶒᶃᶐᶇᵿᶊᴾᵰᶃᶁᶃᶇᶔᶇᶌᶅᴾᵄᴾᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᴾ

ᵤᶍᶐᶋᶃᶂᴾᵦᶃᵿᶂ

ᵱᶒᶃᶃᶊᴾᵮᶊᵿᶒᶃᶑ

22

㻞㻡
11
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵐᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶒᶃᴾᵡᶓᶒᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵄᴾᵣᶂᶅᶃᴾᶎᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᴾ

ᵬᵡᴾᵮᶊᵿᶑᶋᵿᴾᵮᵿᶒᶃᴾᵡᶓᶒᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᵫᵿᶁᶆᶇᶌᶃ
23

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵐᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶒᶃᴾᵡᶓᶒᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵄᴾᵣᶂᶅᶃᴾᶎᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᴾ

ᵱᶇᶌᶅᶊᶃᴾᵴ
ᵢᶍᶓᶀᶊᶃᴾᵴ ᵨᴾᵲᶗᶎᶃ

24

㻞㻢
12
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵐᵌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶒᶃᴾᵡᶓᶒᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵄᴾᵣᶂᶅᶃᴾᶎᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᴾ

ᵠᶃᶔᶃᶊᶇᶌᶅᴾᶀᶗᴾᵫᵿᶁᶆᶇᶌᶃ

ᵟᶄᶒᶃᶐᴾᵠᶃᶔᶃᶊᶇᶌᶅᴾ
25

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵑᵌᴾᵱᶆᶃᶊᶊᴾᵮᶊᵿᶒᶃᴾᵰᶍᶊᶊᶇᶌᶅ

ᵑᵰᶍᶊᶊᴾᶒᶗᶎᶃᴾᵠᶃᶌᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ ᵴᶃᶐᶒᶇᶁᵿᶊᴾᶒᶗᶎᶃᴾ
ᵰᶍᶊᶊᶃᶐᴾ ᵠᶃᶌᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵰᶍᶊᶊᶃᶐᴾ
26

㻞㻣
13
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵒᵌᴾᵦᶃᵿᶂᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾ

Symbol Name Symbol Name

T Thickness l Length of
Flange
D Inside H Height
Diameter
R Crown T.L. Tangent Line
Radius
r Knuckle
27
Radius

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵒᵌᴾᵦᶃᵿᶂᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᵏᵌ ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᴾᶄᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾ

ᵐᵌ ᵱᶎᶇᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶄᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅ
ᵱᶎᶇᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶇᶑᴾᶓᶑᶃᶂᴾᶒᶍᴾᶋᶃᶂᶇᶓᶋᴾᶑᶇᶘᶃᶂᴾᶆᶃᵿᶂᴾ
ᶎᶊᵿᶒᶃᶑᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶒᶆᶍᶑᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᶊᵿᶐᶅᶃᴾᶂᶇᵿᶋᶃᶒᶃᶐᵌ

ᵑᵌ ᵱᶃᶅᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᶄᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅ
ᵱ ᶒ ᶇ
ᵱᶃᶅᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᶎᶐᶃᶑᶑᴾᶄᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾᶇᶑᴾᶓᶑᶃᶂᴾᶒᶍᴾᶔᶃᶐᶗᴾ
ᶊᵿᶐᶅᶃᵊᴾᶑᶎᶃᶁᶇᵿᶊᶊᶗᴾᶑᶆᵿᶎᶃᶂᴾᶆᶃᵿᶂᴾᶎᶊᵿᶒᶃᶑᵊᴾᶕᶆᶇᶁᶆᴾ
ᶁᵿᶌᴾᶌᶍᶒᴾᶀᶃᴾᶄᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶃᶂᴾᶔᶇᵿᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᴾᵄᴾᵱᶎᶇᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᵌ
28

㻞㻤
14
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵒᵌᴾᵦᶃᵿᶂᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵆᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᵇ

29

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵒᵌᴾᵦᶃᵿᶂᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵆᵱᶎᶇᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᵇ

ᵱᶎᶇᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᵫᵿᶁᶆᶇᶌᶃ
30

㻞㻥
15
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵒᵌᴾᵦᶃᵿᶂᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾᵆᵱᶃᶅᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᵇ

ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅ

ᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶕᶇᶒᶆᴾᵤᶇᶑᶆᴾᵠᶍᶐᶌᴾ
ᵲᶃᶋᶎᶊᵿᶒᶃ 31

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵒᵌᴾᵦᶃᵿᶂᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾᵆᵱᶃᶅᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᵤᶍᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᵇ

ᵟᶑᶑᶃᶋᶀᶊᶗᴾᶇᶌᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾ
ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃ ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶍᶐᴾᵱᶆᶍᶎ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵵᶍᶐᶉᴾᶇᶌᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾ
ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊᴾ
ᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶍᶐᴾᵱᶆᶍᶎ
32

㻟㻜
16
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵓᵌᴾᵱᶆᶃᶊᶊᴾᵟᶑᶑᶃᶋᶀᶊᶗᴾ
ᵆᵬᶍᶘᶘᶊᶃᶑᴾᵊᴾᵲᶐᵿᶗᴾᵱᶓᶎᶎᶍᶐᶒᴾᴾᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵊᶃᶒᶁᵌᴾᵇ

33

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵓᵌᴾᵱᶆᶃᶊᶊᴾᵟᶑᶑᶃᶋᶀᶊᶗᴾᵆᵴᶃᶐᶗᴾᵪᵿᶐᶅᶃᴾᵢᶇᵿᵌᴾᶑᶆᶃᶊᶊᵇᴾ

ᵟᶑᶑᶃᶋᶀᶊᶗᴾᵿᶒᴾᵭᶎᶃᶌᴾᵷᵿᶐᶂ
34

㻟㻝
17
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵱᶃᶇᶊᶂᶃᶂ ᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᵆᵱᵫᵟᵵᵇᴾ

35

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵱᶃᶇᶊᶂᶃᶂ ᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᵆᵱᵫᵟᵵᵇᴾ

36

㻟㻞
18
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵱᶓᶀᶋᵿᶐᶅᶃᶂᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵆᵱᵟᵵᵇᴾ

37

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵱᶓᶀᶋᵿᶐᶅᶃᶂᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵆᵱᵟᵵᵇᴾ
ᵬᶍᶘᶘᶊᶃᴾᶒᶍᴾᶑᶆᶃᶊᶊᴾ
ᵬᶍᶘᶘᶊᶃ ᶒᶍ ᶑᶆᶃᶊᶊ
ᵨᶍᶇᶌᶒ

38

㻟㻟
19
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵱᶓᶀᶋᵿᶐᶅᶃᶂᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵆᵱᵟᵵᵇᴾ
ᵐᴾᵱᵟᵵᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾ
ᵐ ᵱᵟᵵ ᶄᶍᶐ
ᵡᶇᶐᶁᶓᶋᴾᵱᶃᵿᶋᴾ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅ

ᵱᵟᵵᴾᵄᴾ
ᵫᵿᶌᶇᶎᶓᶊᵿᶒᶍᶐ

39

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵥᵿᶑᵲᶓᶌᶅᶑᶒᶃᶌᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᵆᵥᵲᵟᵵᵇᴾ

40

㻟㻠
20
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵥᵿᶑᵲᶓᶌᶅᶑᶒᶃᶌᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᵆᵥᵲᵟᵵᵇᴾ

41

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵥᵿᶑᵋᵱᶆᶇᶃᶊᶂᶃᶂᴾᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᵆᵥᵫᵟᵵᵇᴾ

ᵱᶆᶇᶃᶊᶂᴾᵥᵿᶑ
ᵡᵭᵐᴾᴾᵉᴾᵟᶐᴾᴾᵆᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊᴾᵟᶁᶒᶇᶔᶃᴾᵥᵿᶑᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶑᶑᵇ
ᵟᶐᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾ ᵆᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊᴾᵧᶌᶃᶐᶒ ᵥᵿᶑᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶑᶑᵇ

42

㻟㻡
21
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵥᵿᶑᵋᵱᶆᶇᶃᶊᶂᶃᶂᴾᵫᶃᶒᵿᶊᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᵆᵥᵫᵟᵵᵇᴾ

43

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵤᶊᶓᶖᴾᵡᶍᶐᶃᶂᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵆᵤᵡᵟᵵᵇᴾ
ᵱᶆᶇᶃᶊᶂᴾᵥᵿᶑ
ᵱᶆᶇ ᶊᶂ ᵥ
ᵡᵭᵐᴾᴾᵉᴾᴾᵟᶐ ᵫᶇᶖᶃᶂᴾᵥᵿᶑᴾᴾ

44

㻟㻢
22
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾᵘᴾᵤᶊᶓᶖᴾᵡᶍᶐᶃᶂᴾᵟᶐᶁᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᵆᵤᵡᵟᵵᵇᴾ

45

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵮᶍᶑᶒᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᴾᵦᶃᵿᶒᴾᵲᶐᶃᵿᶒᶋᶃᶌᶒᵆᵮᵵᵦᵲᵇᴾ

ᵮᶃᶐᶋᵿᶌᶃᶌᶒᴾᵭᶇᶊᵆᶍᶐᴾᵥᵿᶑᵇᴾ
ᵤᶓᶐᶌᵿᶁᶃᴾ
46

㻟㻣
23
 㻭㼠㼠㼍㼏㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻙㻡

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵮᶍᶑᶒᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᴾᵦᶃᵿᶒᴾᵲᶐᶃᵿᶒᶋᶃᶌᶒᵆᵮᵵᵦᵲᵇᴾ
ᵧᶌᶒᶃᶐᶌᵿᶊ ᵤᶇᶐᶇᶌᶅ ᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃ
ᵧᶌᶒᶃᶐᶌᵿᶊᴾᵤᶇᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵮᶐᶍᶁᶃᶂᶓᶐᶃ

47

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵮᶍᶑᶒᴾᵵᶃᶊᶂᴾᵦᶃᵿᶒᴾᵲᶐᶃᵿᶒᶋᶃᶌᶒᵆᵮᵵᵦᵲᵇᴾ

ᵪᶍᶁᵿᶊᴾᵮᵵᵦᵲᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾ
ᵤᶇᶌᵿᶊᴾᵡᶊᶍᶑᶇᶌᶅᴾᵱᶃᵿᶋ

48

㻟㻤
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ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶒᶃᶑᶒᴾ

ᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶇᶘᶇᶌᶅᴾ
ᵿᶌᶂ ᵦᶍᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅ
ᵿᶌᶂᴾᵦᶍᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾ

ᵤᶇᶊᶊᶇᶌᶅᴾᵵᵿᶒᶃᶐ
49

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵠᶊᵿᶑᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᵄᴾᵮᵿᶇᶌᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾ

50

㻟㻥
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ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵮᵿᶁᶉᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾ

51

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵱᶆᶇᶎᶎᶇᶌᶅᴾᴾ

52

㻠㻜
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ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵣᶐᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵿᶒᴾᵱᶇᶒᶃᴾ

ᵢᶐᶃᶑᶑᴾᶓᶎᴾᶇᶒᶃᶋ

53

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵣᶐᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵿᶒᴾᵱᶇᶒᶃᴾ

54

㻠㻝
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ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᵴᶇᶑᶓᵿᶊᴾᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ
ᵴᶇ ᶊᵧ ᶒᶇ
ᵢᶇᶋᶃᶌᶑᶇᶍᶌᵿᶊᴾᵧᶌᶑᶎᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌ
ᵬᶍᶌᴾᵢᶃᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶇᶔᶃᴾᵣᶖᵿᶋᶇᶌᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌ
ᵢᶃᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶇᶔᶃᴾᵣᶖᵿᶋᶇᶌᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌ
ᶃᶒᶁᵌᴾ

55

ᵐᵌᴾᵤᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵱᶃᶏᶓᶃᶌᶁᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾ
ᵴᶃᶑᶑᶃᶊ
ᵬᶍᶌᴾᵢᶃᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶇᶔᶃᴾᵣᶖᵿᶋᶇᶌᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵆᵬᵢᵣᵇᴾ
ᵏ ᵰᵿᶂᶇᶍᶅᶐᵿᶎᶆᶇᶁᴾᴾᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᴾᵆᵰᵲᵇ
ᵏᵌ ᵰᵿᶂᶇᶍᶅᶐᵿᶎᶆᶇᶁ ᵲᶃᶑᶒ ᵆᵰᵲᵇ
ᵐᵌ ᵳᶊᶒᶐᵿᶑᶍᶌᶇᶁᴾᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᵆᵳᵲᵇ
ᵑᵌ ᵫᵿᶅᶌᶃᶒᶇᶁᴾᵮᵿᶐᶒᶇᶁᶊᶃᴾᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᵆᵫᵲᵇ
ᵒᵌ ᵢᶗᶃᴾᵮᶃᶌᶃᶒᶐᵿᶌᶒ ᵲᶃᶑᶒᴾᵆᵮᵲᵇ

56

㻠㻞
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ᵲᶆᵿᶌᶉᴾᶗᶍᶓᵌ

57

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29