function [data_mod, index_rem]=feat_sel_sim(data, measure, p)

%
% Feature selection method using similarity measure and fuzzy entroropy
% measures based on the article: ???????????g??????????z??
%
% P. Luukka, (2011) Feature Selection Using Fuzzy Entropy Measures with
% Similarity Classifier, Expert Systems with Applications, 38, pp.
% 4600-4607
%
% Function call:
% [data_mod, index_rem]=feat_sel_sim(data, measure, p)
%
% OUTPUTS:
% data_mod data without removed feature ????????
% index_rem index of removed feature in original data ?????????????????????
%
%INPUTS:
% data data matrix, contains class values ???????????????????
% measure fuzzy entropy measure, either 'luca' or 'park'
% g????????????????????luca1971??????park2008??
% currently coded
% p parameter of Lukasiewicz similarity measure
% ??Lukasiewicz??????????????
% p in (0, \infty) as default p=1.
if nargin<3
p=1;
end
if nargin<2
measure='luca'
end

l=max(data(:,end)); % #-classes %?????????????

m=size(data,1); % #-samples %???????
t=size(data,2)-1; % #-features %?????????
dataold=data;
tmp=[];
% forming idealvec using arithmetic mean
idealvec=zeros(l,t);
for k=1:l
idealvec_s(k,:)=mean(data(find(data(:,end)==k),1:t));
end

%scaling data between [0,1]

data_v=data(:,1:t);
data_c=data(:,t+1); %labels
mins_v = min(data_v);
Ones = ones(size(data_v));
data_v = data_v+Ones*diag(abs(mins_v));
for k=1:l
tmp=[tmp;abs(mins_v)];
end
tmp;
idealvec_s = idealvec_s+tmp;
maxs_v = max(data_v);
data_v = data_v*diag(maxs_v.^(-1));
idealvec_s=idealvec_s./repmat(maxs_v,l,1);
data = [data_v, data_c];
% sample data
datalearn_s=data(:,1:t);

% similarities
sim=zeros(t,m,l);
for j=1:m
for i=1:t
for k=1:l
sim(i,j,k)=(1-abs(idealvec_s(k,i)^p-datalearn_s(j,i))^p)^(1/p);
end
end
end

% reduce number of dimensions in sim

sim=reshape(sim,t,m*l)';

% possibility for two different entropy measures

if measure=='luca'
% moodifying zero and one values of the similarity values to work with
% De Luca's entropy measure
delta=1E-10;
sim(find(sim==0))=delta;
sim(find(sim==1))=1-delta;
H=sum(-sim.*log(sim)-(1-sim).*log(1-sim));

elseif measure=='park'
H=sum(sin(pi/2*sim)+sin(pi/2*(1-sim))-1);
end

% find maximum feature

[i, index_rem]=max(H);

% removing feature from the data

data_mod=[dataold(:,1:index_rem-1) dataold(:,index_rem+1:end)];
j=1;

return

clear all;clc;
%?????????
xy=load('C:\Documents and Settings\DELL\????\feature
selection\feature_selection_similarity\exampledata2.txt');
data=xy;
%data=data_mod;
[data_mod,index_rem]=feat_sel_sim(data,'luca',1)