ANNA UNIVERSITY COIMBATORE

CURRICULUM - 2007
FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

M.E. (STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING)

SEMESTER-III
Code no Course Title L T P M
THEORY
Elective IV 3 0 0 100
Elective V 3 0 0 100
Elective VI 3 0 0 100
PRACTICAL
Project Work - Phase-I 0 0 12 *
 LIST OF ELECTIVES FOR M.E. STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

The List of electives to be selected for III Semester M.E. Structural

Engineering

Course
Course Title L T P M
Code
Design of Bridges 3 0 0 100

Aseismic Design of Structures 3 0 0 100

Design of Tall Buildings 3 0 0 100

Optimization in Structural Design 3 0 0 100

Design of Steel Concrete Composite
3 0 0 100
Structures
Disaster Resistant Structures 3 0 0 100
 PRESTRESSEED CONCRETE 3 1 0 100

UNIT-I
Principles of Prestressing-Types and Systems of prestressing-Need for High Strength materials-Analysis-
Load Balancing Concept-Methods-Losses-Deflection-Camber-Cable Layouts -Behaviour under flexure-
Codal Provisions(IS,British,ACI and DIN),Ultimate Strength. 8
UNIT-II
Design of flexural members-Design for shear, bond and torsion. Design of end blocks-their importance-
Design of Tension members-Application in the Design of prestressed pipes and prestressed concrete
cylindrical water tanks. 8
UNIT-III
Design of Compression members with and with out flexure-its application in the design piles-fiagmasts
and similar structures. 8
UNIT-IV
Composite beams-Analysis and design-ultimate strength-their application-Partial prestressing-its
advantages and applications. 8
UNIT-V
Applications of Prestressing in Continuous beams-Concept of linear Traqnsformation-Concordant Cable
Profile and cap cables. 8
UNIT-VI
Special Structures like prestressed folded plates-Prestressed cylindrical shells-prestressed concrete poles.
5
TOTAL 45
REFERENCES:
1. T.Y.Lin,Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures, John Wiley and Sons,Inc1960.
2. Leonhardt F.,Prestressed Concrete, design and Construction, Wilhelm Ernst and
Shon,Berlin,1964.
3. Evans,R.H and Bennet,E.W.,Prestressed Concrete,Champman and Hall,London,1958.
4. Code of Practice for Prestressed Concrete-IS 1343-1980.
5. Prestressed Concrete by Krishna Raju, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co,New Delhi.
6. Fundamentals of Prestressed Concrete by N.C.Sinha & S.K.Roy,S.Chand and Co.,1985.
 INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES
3 0 0 100

1. PLANNING AND FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Classification of Industries and Industrial structures –planning for lay out Requirements regarding
Lighting , Ventilation and Fire safety- Protection against noise and vibration- guide lines from factories
Act.

2. INDUSTRIAL, BUILDING

Roofs for Industrial Buildings- Steel and RC- folded plates and shell roofs- Gantry Girders- Design of
Corbels and Nibs- Machine Foundations

3. POWER PLANT STRUCTURES

Bunkers and Silos - Chimney and cooling Towers – Design of steel storage tanks- Nuclear containment
structures

4. POWER TRANSMISSION STRUCTURES

Cables- Transmission Line Towers – Substation structures- Tower Foundations – Testing towers.

REFERENCES
1. Procs. Of advanced course on Industrial Structures, Structural Engineering Research Centre,
1982.
2. P.Srinivasulu and C.V. Vaidyanathan, Handbook of Machine Foundations. Tata McGraw – Hill
1976.
3. S.N.Manohar. Tall chimneys – Design and Construction. Tata McGraw –Hill, 1985.
4. A.R.santhakumar and S.S.Murthy,Transmission Line structures, Tata MCGraw-Hill 1992.
5. Dr. K.Rajagopalan –Storage Structures – Oxford IBH Publishing Company Ltd. 1989.
 DESIGN OF SHELL AND SPATIAL STRUCTURES
3 0 0 100

1. MEMBRANE THRORY OF SHELLS 10

Classification of shells - Types of shells - Structural action - Membrane theory - Shells of revolution and
shells of translation - Examples - Limitations of membrane theory.

2. DESIGN OF FOLDED PLATES 10

Folded Plate structures - structural behaviour - Types - Design by ACI - ASCE Task Committee method.

3. SPACE FRAME - DESIGN PHILOSOPHY 5

Space frames - configuration - types of nodes - general principles of design Philosophy – Behaviour

4. ANALYSIS OF SPACE FRAMES 10

Analysis of space frames - Formex Algebra, FORMIAN - Detailed design of Space frames

5. OPTIMASATION 10
Optimization by structural theorems - Maxwell, Mirchell and Heyman's Theorems for trusses and frames
– Fully stressed design with deflection constraints - Genetic Algorithm.

Total No of periods:45
REFERENCE:

1. Wilhelm Flügge, Stresses in shells, Springer - Verlag

2. Timoshenko, S. Theory of Plates and Shells, McGraw Hill, 1990
3. Ramasamy, G.S., Design and Construction of Concrete Shells Roofs, CBS
Publishers, 1986.
4. Principles of Space Structures by Dr.N.Subramanian - 1999, Wheeler Publishing Co.
5. Proceedings of International Conference on Space Structures, Anna University,
November 1997.
6. Uri Krish, Optimum Structural Design, McGraw Hill Book Co. 1981
 CAAD FOR STRUCTURES
3 1 0 100

1. COMPUTER GRAPHICS 9
Graphic primitives - Transformations - Basics of 2-D drafting - Modeling of curves and surfaces
– Solid modeling - Graphic standards - Drafting software packages and usage.

2. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 9
Computer methods of structural analysis - Finite Element programming - Analysis through
application packages.

3. STRUCTURAL 9
Computer aided design of steel and RC Structural elements - Detailed drawing - Bill of
materials.

4. OPTIMIZATION 9
Linear programming - Simplex algorithm - Post-optimality analysis - Project scheduling - CPM
and PERT applications Genetic algorithm and applications.

5. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 9

Introduction - Heuristic search - knowledge based expert systems - Architecture and applications
of KBES - Expert system shells - Principles of neural network.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES:
1. C.S. Krishnamoorthy and S.Rajeev, Computer Aided Design, Narosa Publishing House,
New Delhi, 1991.
2. H.B. Harrison, Structural Analysis and Design Vol. I & II, Pergamon Press, 1991
E.Hinton and D.R.J.Owen, Finite Element Programming, Academic Press 1977.
3. Billy E.Gillet, Introduction to Operations Research, A computer oriented algorithmic
approach, Tata McGraw-Hill 1982.
4. Richard Forsyth (Ed.), Expert System Principles and Case studies - Chapman & Hall.
 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
3 0 0 100

1. DESIGN OF PIPES 9

Structural design of a)Concrete b) prestressed concrete c)steel and d)cast iron piping mains, sewage tanks
design- anchorage for pipes- massive outfalls-structural design and laying hydrodynamic considerations.
Advance in the manufacture of pipes

2. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WATER TANKS 15

Analysis of a concrete roofing systems a)Cylindrical b)Spherical and c)conical shapes using membrane
theory and design of various types of folded plates for roofing with concrete. IS Codes for the design of
water retaining structures.
Design of circular, rectangular, spherical and intze type of tanks using concrete. (excluding staging;
underground overhead tank) Design of prestressed concrete cylindrical tanks - Economic analysis.

3. DESIGN OF SPECIAL PURPOSE STRUCTURES 12

Under ground reservoirs and swimming pools, intake towers, Structural design including foundation for
water retaining structures such as settling tanks , clarifloculators, aeration tanks etc., - effect of earth
pressure and uplift considerations- selection of materials for construction
4. REPAIR AND REHABILITATION OF STRUCTURES 9

Diagnosing the cause and damage, identification of different types of structural and non-structural cracks-
repair and rehabilitation methods for masonry, concrete and
steel structures. Exposure on steel, lattice structures used in water and sewage works
TOTAL:45
REFERENCE

1. “REINFORCED concrete”. P.Dayarathnam, oxford & IBH publications

2. “Prestressed Concrete”, Krishna Raju, Tata MCGeaw Hill Publishing Co., 2nd Edition
3. Hulse, R., Mosley, W.H., Reinforced Concrete Design by computer.
4. Ramaswamy, G.S., “Design and construction of concrete Shell Roofs” CBS Publishers, India,
1986.
5. Green, J.K., and Perkins, P.H., “Concrete Liquid Retaining Structures”, Applied Science
Publishers, 1981.
 DESIGN OF STRUCTURES FOR DYNAMIC LOADS 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 10

Factors affecting design against dynamic loads - Behaviour of concrete, steel, masonry and soil under
impact and cyclic loads - Recap of Structural dynamics with reference to SDOF, MDOF and continuum
systems – Ductility and its importance

2. DESIGN AGAINST EARTHQUAKES 10

Earthquake characterisation - Response spectra - seismic coeffcient and response spectra methods of
estimating loads - Response of framed, braced frames and shear wall buildings - Design as per BIS codes
of practice - Ductility based design

3. DESIGN AGAINST BLAST AND IMPACT 10

Displacement method for three dimensional Structure - Coordinate transformations - Analysis of space
trusses and space frames

4. DESIGN AGAINST WIND 10

Characteristics of wind - Basic and Design wind speeds - Effect of permeability of the structure –
pressure coefficient - Aero elastic and Aerodynamic effects - Design as per BIS code of practice including
Gust Factor approach - tall buildings, stacks and chimneys.

5. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS 5

Energy absorption capacity - Ductility of the material and the structure - Detailing for ductility - Passive
and active control of vibrations - New and favourable materials

Total No of periods: 45

REFERENCES:

1. Bela Goschy, “Design of Building to withstand abnormal loading ", Butterworths,

1990.
2. Paulay, .T. and Priestly, .M.N.J., “A seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and
Masonry building ",John Wiley and Sons, 1991.
3. Dowling, .C.H., “Blast vibration - Monitoring and control ", Prentice Hall Inc.,
Englewood Cliffs, 1985.
4. Kolousek, .V. et al., “Wind effects on Civil Engineering Structures ", Elsevier, 1984.
5. Concrete Structures under Impact and Impulsive Loading, Synthesis Report
CEB,Lousanne, Germany, 1988.
 DESIGN OF BRIDGES 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 10
Classification, detailed investigations, choice of type, I.R.C.specifications for road bridges, standard live
loads, other forces acting on bridges, general design considerations.
Design of solid slab bridges

2. R.C. GIRDER BRIDGES 10

Load distribution theories, Design of Tee beam and Slab bridges using Pigeauds Method, Courbon’s
theory- Balanced cantilever bridges-design of articulation

3. LONG SPAN GIRDER BRIDGES, PLATE GRIDER BRIDGES 10

Box girder bridges -Design principles of Continuous Bridges- Design of Plate Girder Railway bridges.

4. DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGES 10

Prestressed Concrete Bridges- types – Preliminary Dimensions- Design of Prestressed concrete slab
bridge deck- Design of Post Tensioned T beam bridge.
5. BEARINGS, SUBSTRUCTURES AND FOOTINGS FOR BRIDGES 10

Design of Bridge bearing-Types of Bridge substructures-Design of Piers and Abutments , Bridge

Foundations- Design of Well and Pile Foundation.

TOTAL : 50
REFERENCES:

1. Krishnaraju, N., “Design of Bridges”, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., Bombay, Calcutta,
New Delhi, 1988.
2. Jagadeesh .T.R, Jayaram. M.A , “ Design of Bridge Structures “ Prentice – Hall India , New
Delhi , 2004.
3. Raina V.K. “Concrete Bridge Practice”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi,
1991.
4. Bakht, B. and Jaegar, L.G., “Bridge Analysis Simplified”, McGraw-Hill, 1985.
5. Ponnuswamy, S., “Bridge Engineering”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1989
6. Derrick Beckett, “An introduction to Structural Design of Concrete Bridges”, Surrey
University Press, Henley Thomes, Oxford Shire, 1973
7. Taylor, F.W., Thomson, S.E., and Smulski E., “Reinforced Concrete Bridges”, John Wiley
and Sons, New York, 1955.
8. RC 5-1970: Standard Specification and code of practice for road bridges, Section I General,
Features of Design, 1975.
9. IRC 6-1966: Standard Specification and code of practice for road bridges, Section II General,
Load and Stresses, 1974.
10. IRC 21-1987: Standard Specification and code of practice for road bridges, Section III
Cement Concrete (Plain and Reinforced) 1996.
 ASEISMIC DESIGN OF STRUCTURES 3 0 0 100

1. Elements of Engineering Seismology, Characteristics of Earthquakes, History, Seismic

Susceptibility of Indian Subcontinent, Performance of structures during past earthquakes, Lessons
learnt from past earthquakes. 9

2. Theory of vibrations ,Building Systems , Rigid Frames, Braced Frames, Shear Walls, Behaviour
of RC, Steel and Prestressed concrete elements under cyclic loading ,Soil performance-
liquefaction of soils and prevention methods
9

3. Concept of Earthquake Resistant Design, Response Spectrum ,Design Spectrum Provisions of

Seismic Code IS 1893 (Part I) – 2002 ,Structural Configuration , 3 D computer analysis of
building (Theory) ,Design and Detailing of Frames, Shear Walls and Framed Walls ,Provisions of
IS-13920. 12
4. Design of Non Engineered construction ,strengthening of buildings, Design Provisions for
Bridges and Dams. 8
5. Modern Concepts –Base Isolation, Adoptive systems and Case studies. 7

Total No of periods: 45

REFERENCES:

1. Course Notes “Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings”, IIT Kanpur, June, 1999 (NPEEE
publication).
2. Minoru Wakabayashi, “Design of Earthquake Resistant Buildings”, McGraw – Hill Book
Company, New York, 1986
3. Anil K Chopra, “Dynamics of structures – Theory and applications to Earthquake Engineering”,
Prentice Hall Inc., 2001.
4. Norman B Green, “Earthquake Resistant Building Design and Construction”, Elsevier Science
Publishing Co. Inc., New York, 1987
5. Clough R.W. and Penzien J., 'Dynamics of Structures', McGraw-Hill, 2nd edition, 1992
6. Newmark N.M. and Rosenblueth E., 'Fundamentals of Earthquake Engg.', Prentice Hall, 1971.
7. Wiegel R.L., 'Earthquake Engg.', Prentice Hall, 1970.
8. Blume J.A., Newmark N.M., Corning L.H., 'Design of Multi-storied Buildings for Earthquake
ground motions', Portland Cement Association, Chicago, 1961.
9. I.S. Codes No. 1893, 4326, 13920 etc.
 DESIGN OF TALL BUILDINGS 3 0 0 100

1. DESIGN CRITERIA 6
Design Philosophy, Materials – Modern concepts – High Performance Concrete, Fibre
Reinforced Concrete, Light weight concrete, Self Compacting Concrete.

2. LOADING 8

Gravity Loading – Dead load, Live load, Impact load, Construction load, Sequential loading. Wind
Loading – Static and Dynamic Approach, Analytical method, Wind Tunnel Experimental methods.
Earthquake Loading – Equivalent lateral Load analysis, Response Spectrum Method, Combination of
Loads,
3. BEHAVIOUR OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 9
Factors affecting the growth, height and structural form, Behaviour of Braced frames, Rigid Frames, In
filled frames, Shear walls, Coupled Shear walls, Wall – Frames, Tubular, Outrigger braced, Hybrid
systems.
4. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 13
Modeling for approximate analysis, Accurate analysis and reduction techniques, Analysis of structures as
an integral unit, Analysis for member forces, drift and twist. Computerized 3D analysis. Design for
differential movement, Creep and Shrinkage effects, Temperature Effects and Fire Resistance.
5. STABILITY ANALYSIS 9
Overall buckling analysis of frames, wall – frames, Approximate methods, Second order effect of gravity
loading, P – Delta Effects, Simultaneous first order and P-Delta analysis, Translational instability,
Torsional Instability, Out of plumb effects, Effect of stiffness of members and foundation rotation in
stability of structures.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES:
1. Bryan Stafford Smith and Alex Coull, “Tall Building Structures”, Analysis and
Design, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1991.
2. Taranath B.S, “Structural Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings”, McGraw-Hill,
1988.
3. COULL, A. and SMITH, STAFFORD, B. “Tall Buildings”, Pergamon Press,
London, 1997.LinT.Y. and Burry D.Stotes, “Structural Concepts and Systems for
Architects and Engineers”, John Wiley, 1994.
4. Lynn S.Beedle, Advances in Tall Buildings, CBS Publishers and Distributors,
Delhi, 1996.
 OPTIMIZATION IN STRUCTURAL DESIGN 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION
Basic concepts of minimum weight, minimum cost design, objective function, constraints,
classical methods.

2. OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND ALGORITHMS

Linear programming, Integer Programming, Quadratic Programming. Dynamic Programming and

geometric Programming methods for optimal design of structural elements.

3. COMPUTER SEARCH METHODS

Linear Programming methods for plastic design of frames. Computer search for univariate and
multivariate Minimization

4. OPTIMIZATION THEOREMS
Optimization by structural theorems, MAXwell, Mitchell and Heyman’s Theorems for trusses
and frames, fully stressed design with deflection constraints, optimality criterion methods.

5. Non-Traditional optimization Techniques

Methods land on national evolution – Genetic Algorithm – simulated annealing – Truss problem
– Hand simulation for simple problems.

REFERENCES
1. Spunt, optimum Structural design, Civil Engineering and Mechanics Services, Prentice –Hall ,
New Jersey 1971.
2. S.S.Rao, Optimization theory and Applications, wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, 1977.
3. Uri Krisch, Optimum Structural design, McGraw-Hill Book Co.1981.

4. Richard Bronson, Operation Research, Schaum’s Outline series, McGraw-Hill book Co,
Singapore, 1983.
DESIGN OF STEEL CONCRETE COMPOSITE STRUCTURES 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9

Introduction to Steel - Concrete Composite Construction - Theory of composite structures - Introduction

to steel -Concrete - Steel Sandwich Construction

2. DESIGN OF COMPOSITE MEMBERS 9

Behaviour of composite beams - Columns - Design of composite beams - Steel - Concrete composite
columns -Design of composite trusses.

3. DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS 9

Types of Connections - Design of connections in the Composite Structures - Shear connections - Design
of connections in Composite Trusses.

4. COMPOSITE BOX GRIDER BRIDGERS 9

Introduction - Behaviour of Box Girder Bridges - Design concepts.

5. GENERAL 9

Case studies on Steel - Concrete Composite Construction in buildings - Seismic behaviour of composite
structures.

Total No of periods 45

REFERENCES:

1. Johnson R.P., Composite structures of steel and concrete, Blackwell Scientific

Publications(Second Edition), UK, 1994
2. Owens, G.W. and Knowels.P. Steel Designers manual (Fifth edition), Steel Concrete
Institute (UK), Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1992
3. Workshop on Steel Concrete Composite Structures, conducted at Anna University,
2000.
 DISASTER RESISTANT STRUCTURES
3 0 0 100

1. BEHAVIOUR OF LIFE-LINE STRUCTURES

Philosophy for design to resist earthquake, cyclone and flood, tsunami ,National and International codes
of practice ,By-Law of urban and semi-urban areas - Traditional and modern structures.
9
2. COMMUNITY STRUCTURES
Response of dams, bridges, buildings ,Strengthening measures , Safety analysis and rating – Reliability
assessment
9
3. REHABILITATION AND RETROFITTING
Testing and evaluation - Classification of structures for safety point of view - methods of strengthening
for different disasters - qualification test.
9
4. DETAILING OF STRUCTURES AND COMPONENTS
Use of morden materials and their impact on disaster reduction, Use of modern analysis, design and
construction techniques optimisation for performance.
9
5. DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURES
Damage surveys - Maintenance and modifications to improve hazard resistance - Different types of
foundation and its impact on safety - Ground improvement techniques.
9
Total No of periods: 45
REFERENCES:

1. V.Moskvin, et.all Concrete and Reinforced Concrete - Deterioration and Protection

Mir Publishers - Moscow 1980.
2. R.T.Allen and S.C.Edwards Repair of Concrete Structures, Blakie and Sons, U.K
1987.
3. Proceedings IABSE 14th Congress "Civilisation through Civil Engineering" New
Delhi, May 1992.
4. Raiker R.N.Learning from failures Deficiencies in Design, Construction and
Service,R & D Center (SDCPL) Raiker Bhavan, Bombay, 1987.
5. Santhakumar A .R “Concrete Technology, Oxford Higher Education , New
Delhi,2007